CN111266702A - Coaxial TIG electric arc additive manufacturing device with wire feeding inside arc and powder feeding outside arc - Google Patents
Coaxial TIG electric arc additive manufacturing device with wire feeding inside arc and powder feeding outside arc Download PDFInfo
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- CN111266702A CN111266702A CN202010193057.3A CN202010193057A CN111266702A CN 111266702 A CN111266702 A CN 111266702A CN 202010193057 A CN202010193057 A CN 202010193057A CN 111266702 A CN111266702 A CN 111266702A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/04—Welding for other purposes than joining, e.g. built-up welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/12—Automatic feeding or moving of electrodes or work for spot or seam welding or cutting
- B23K9/124—Circuits or methods for feeding welding wire
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
- B23K9/167—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a non-consumable electrode
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/32—Accessories
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/32—Accessories
- B23K9/324—Devices for supplying or evacuating a shielding or a welding powder, e.g. a magnetic powder
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Abstract
A coaxial TIG electric arc additive manufacturing device for feeding wire in arc and powder out of arc comprises SiO2The device comprises a glass tube, four powder feeding nozzles, a tungsten electrode red copper cooling body, a half-split hollow tungsten electrode and four powder feeding channels; through four powder feeding channels, the supply of alloy powder with at most four different components can be realized, the powder feeding amount of each powder feeding channel can be adjusted, the additive manufacturing of the functional gradient structure material parts is easy to realize, and the materials, the structures and the service performance of the additive manufacturing parts are optimally matched.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a coaxial TIG electric arc additive manufacturing device and a process method for feeding powder inside and outside an arc, belonging to the field of electric arc additive manufacturing.
Background
In TIG electric arc additive manufacturing (WAAM), an electric arc is used as a heat source, a wire is used as an additive material, rapid near-net shaping of metal parts is realized, and the method is an important means of a low-cost high-efficiency additive manufacturing technology.
Performing TIG electric arc additive manufacturing; TIG arcs use high frequency or pulse arc striking and form a stable plasma conductor between the tungsten electrode and the workpiece, which we refer to as TIG arcs. TIG electric arc heat source melts the wire material that advances at a constant speed to transition to the molten bath, its advantage lies in: has wide applicability and good quality. However, TIG filler wire additive manufacturing is limited by a solid tungsten electrode, a lateral wire feeding mode is often adopted, when the additive manufacturing direction is changed, the spatial position relationship between a wire material and an electric arc is changed, so that additive manufacturing conditions are also changed, and the conditions of the additive manufacturing process are difficult to be constant and the quality is stable.
In TIG electric arc additive manufacturing, due to the action of electric arc heat, some elements are oxidized, burned and evaporated, and lost alloy elements cannot be supplemented, so that the performance of parts cannot meet the requirement of service performance.
Wire rods are used in TIG arc additive manufacturing, because of the limitation of the manufacturing process (particularly drawing process) of the wire rods, a large amount of alloy elements cannot be added into the wire rods, otherwise the wire rods are difficult to manufacture, and even if the wire rods are manufactured reluctantly, the manufacturing cost is improved, so that the TIG arc fuse additive manufacturing is difficult to realize the manufacturing of parts with high alloy content.
The additive manufacturing process method of the single TIG arc fuse is difficult to realize the manufacturing of functional gradient structural material parts, so the requirements on the reasonable use of materials, the structural topology optimization and the optimal matching of the optimal use performance are difficult to realize.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows:
the invention discloses a TIG electric arc additive manufacturing device and a process method for feeding powder inside and outside a coaxial arc, which aim to solve the problems existing in the prior art, realize simultaneous and coaxial feeding of four paths of powder and wire materials and enable tungsten electrodes (electric arcs), the wire materials and powder flows to form a coaxial relation in a space position.
The technical scheme is as follows:
a coaxial TIG electric arc additive manufacturing device for feeding wire in arc and powder out of arc comprises SiO2The device comprises a glass tube, four powder feeding nozzles, a tungsten electrode red copper cooling body, a half-split hollow tungsten electrode and four powder feeding channels;
SiO2the glass tube passes through the tungsten electrode red copper cooling body which is arranged in the four powder feeding nozzles, and the four powder feeding channels are arranged at the bottoms of the four powder feeding nozzles;
the upper end of the semi-split hollow tungsten electrode extends into the tungsten electrode red copper cooling body, and SiO2The lower end of the glass tube extends into the half-split hollow tungsten electrode;
SiO2glass tubeThe semi-split hollow tungsten electrode and the four-way powder feeding nozzle are coaxially designed.
The tungsten electrode red copper cooling body is provided with a water cooling channel which can surround SiO2A glass tube (3).
The four powder feeding channels output four powder paths, and the convergence position of the four powder paths and the half-split hollow tungsten electrode maintain a coaxial relationship.
The four powder feeding channels are designed in a frustum shape.
The four powder feeding nozzles are made of copper materials, and cooling water channels are arranged at the upper parts of the four powder feeding nozzles.
The upper part of the four powder feeding nozzles is also provided with a protective gas channel; and a channel is formed between the tungsten electrode red copper cooling body and the four-way powder feeding nozzle and is communicated with the protective gas channel.
The tungsten electrode tip of the device extends out of the four-way powder feeding nozzle, and SiO is2The glass tube is retracted from the end of the tungsten electrode.
The length of the tungsten electrode tip extending out of the four-way powder feeding nozzle is 2-5 mm; SiO 22The depth of the glass tube retracted from the end of the tungsten electrode is 2-5 mm.
The manufacturing method implemented by the TIG electric arc additive manufacturing device for coaxial arc inner wire feeding and outer powder feeding comprises the following steps:
one pole of the power supply is connected with the tungsten pole through the tungsten pole red copper cooling body, the other pole of the power supply is connected with the substrate or the workbench, and the current forms a closed loop through the tungsten pole, the plasma arc and the substrate. And maintain stable combustion.
The electric arc is ignited by high-frequency arc striking or pulse arc striking, a closed loop is formed by a tungsten electrode, a plasma conductor and a substrate, and the electric arc is kept to be stably burnt; meanwhile, conveying the wires and the powder to the upper part of the molten pool; the wires and the powder are melted by an electric arc heat source and enter a molten pool, and a uniform deposition layer is formed under the stirring action of the molten pool.
The advantages and effects are as follows:
the invention provides a coaxial TIG electric arc additive manufacturing device and a process method for feeding powder inside and outside an arc, which can realize the supply of alloy powder with at most four different components through four powder feeding channels, and the powder feeding amount of each powder feeding channel can be adjusted, thereby easily realizing the additive manufacturing of functionally gradient structural material parts and components and enabling the materials, the structure and the service performance of the additive manufacturing parts to be optimally matched.
The four-way powder feeding nozzle 6 can adjust the powder conveying amount, and powder is conveyed to the upper part of the molten pool through powder feeding gas; meanwhile, the speed of wire feeding (powder feeding amount) can be adjusted. The simultaneous and coaxial arc inner wire feeding and arc outer powder feeding are realized. Therefore, the control of the residual height and the melt width of the deposition layer can be easily realized by single powder feeding amount regulation or wire feeding speed regulation and matching with the current regulation.
The invention adopts two half-split hollow tungsten electrodes, and the core part of the half-split hollow tungsten electrode is provided with a SiO2Glass tube of the SiO2The glass tube can effectively prevent the wire material from contacting with the tungsten electrode to conduct electricity, and plays a role in insulation.
One pole of the power supply is connected with the tungsten pole through the tungsten pole red copper cooling body, the other pole of the power supply is connected with the substrate 11 or the workbench 12, the arc striking is realized through high frequency and pulse, the current forms a closed loop through the tungsten pole, the plasma electric arc and the substrate, and the electric arc is maintained to be stably burnt.
The SiO2The wire feeding wheel 1 above the glass tube 3 is used for ensuring the straightening of the wire 2 and ensuring certain straightness, so that the wire 2 is stably fed above a molten pool to be melted and transited into the molten pool in a molten drop mode or a short circuit mode.
The powder feeding amount can be adjusted by a powder feeder, the powder feeding amount is 0-150g/min, the powder granularity range is 10-200um, and the powder feeding error is less than or equal to 2 percent. The conveying of any kind of alloy powder can be realized, including pure metal powder, alloy powder, ceramic powder and the like.
The tungsten electrode tip 8 of the device extends out of the four-way powder feeding nozzle 6, the extension length of the tungsten electrode tip is 2-5mm, and SiO is arranged2The glass tube 3 is retracted from the end of the tungsten electrode to a depth of 2-5mm, so that the structural design can fully ensure four ways of powder feeding nozzles 6, the tungsten electrode 8 and SiO2The service life and stability of the glass tube 3.
The tungsten electrode (electric arc), the wire and the four-way powder feeding nozzle are coaxially designed, and four-way alloy powder is gathered above a molten pool and melted with the wire above the molten pool. Aiming at TIG electric arc additive manufacturing, the wire and the powder are synchronously melted, and the powder melting absorbs a part of electric arc energy, so that the heat input quantity of the substrate is reduced, a deposition layer with low dilution rate is easily obtained, and the deposition efficiency of the electric arc additive manufacturing is improved.
Through the space annular body channel formed between the tungsten electrode red copper cooling body 7 and the four-way powder feeding nozzle 6, the protective gas is blown to a molten pool and a heating area from the end annular nozzle of the space annular body, so that the damage of harmful gas in the air to a deposition layer is isolated, and the additive manufacturing forming quality is ensured.
The invention relates to a coaxial TIG electric arc additive manufacturing device and a process method for feeding wire inside an arc and feeding powder outside the arc, wherein the process method comprises the following steps: the arc is ignited by high-frequency arc ignition or pulse arc ignition, a closed loop is formed by a tungsten electrode, a plasma conductor (arc) and a substrate, and the arc is kept to be stably burnt. Meanwhile, the wires and the powder are conveyed to the upper part of the molten pool through the wire feeding channel and the powder feeding channel. The wires and the powder are melted by an electric arc heat source and enter a molten pool, and a uniform deposition layer is formed under the stirring action of the molten pool.
The invention has the technical characteristics that the tungsten of the TIG arc is in a semi-crack hollow shape, has larger heat capacity, is in a ring arc shape, and can meet the requirements of the TIG arc additive manufacturing process with low cost and high efficiency.
When the additive manufacturing direction of the complex parts is changed, the constancy of the tungsten electrode (electric arc), wire materials and powder flow on the spatial position is fully ensured, namely the constancy of the process conditions in the additive manufacturing process is ensured, and the functions of simultaneously feeding wires in the coaxial arc and feeding powder outside the arc are realized.
In summary, the invention has the following specific advantages:
the invention realizes the simultaneous and coaxial supply of four paths of powder and wire materials. When the additive manufacturing direction of the complex parts is changed, the constancy of the tungsten electrode (electric arc), the wire material and the powder flow on the space position is fully ensured, namely the constancy of the process conditions in the additive manufacturing process is ensured.
The four-way powder feeding nozzle 6 can adjust the powder conveying amount, and powder is conveyed to the upper part of a molten pool through powder feeding gas; meanwhile, the wire feeding speed can be adjusted. Therefore, the control of the residual height and the melt width of the deposition layer can be easily realized by single powder feeding amount regulation or wire feeding speed regulation and matching with the current regulation.
The powder feeding device can realize the supply of alloy powder with at most four different components through the four powder feeding channels, and the powder feeding amount of each powder feeding channel can be adjusted, so that the additive manufacturing of functional gradient structure material parts is easy to realize, and the material, the structure and the service performance of the additive manufacturing parts are optimally matched.
The invention adopts two half-split hollow tungsten electrodes, and the core part of the half-split hollow tungsten electrode is provided with a SiO2Glass tube of the SiO2The glass tube can effectively prevent the wire material from contacting with the tungsten electrode to conduct electricity, and plays a role in insulation.
The powder feeding amount can be adjusted by a powder feeder, the powder feeding amount is 0-150g/min, the powder granularity range is 10-200um, and the powder feeding error is less than or equal to 2 percent. The conveying of any kind of alloy powder can be realized, including pure metal powder, alloy powder, ceramic powder and the like.
According to the invention, through a space annular body channel formed between the tungsten electrode red copper cooling body 7 and the four-way powder feeding nozzle 6, protective gas is blown to a molten pool and a heating area from an end annular nozzle of the space annular body, so that the damage of harmful gas in the air to a deposition layer is isolated, and the additive manufacturing and forming quality is ensured.
The tungsten electrode (electric arc), the wire and the four-way powder feeding nozzle are coaxially designed, and four-way alloy powder is gathered above a molten pool and melted with the wire above the molten pool. Aiming at TIG electric arc additive manufacturing, the wire and the powder are synchronously melted, and the powder melting absorbs a part of electric arc energy, so that the heat input quantity of the substrate is reduced, a deposition layer with low dilution rate is easily obtained, and the deposition efficiency of the electric arc additive manufacturing is improved.
The tungsten electrode tip 8 of the device extends out of the four-way powder feeding nozzle 6, the extension length of the tungsten electrode tip is 2-5mm, and SiO is arranged2 Glass tube 3 from the tungsten electrode endThe head is retracted into the nozzle with the retraction depth of 2-5mm, so that the structural design can fully ensure the four-way powder feeding nozzle 6, the tungsten electrode 8 and the SiO2The service life and stability of the glass tube 3.
One pole of the power supply is connected with the tungsten pole through the tungsten pole red copper cooling body, the other pole of the power supply is connected with the substrate or the workbench, the arc striking is realized through high frequency and pulse, and the current forms a closed loop through the tungsten pole, the plasma electric arc and the substrate and maintains the stable combustion of the electric arc. And simultaneously melting the wire, and transferring the wire into a molten pool in a molten drop mode or a short circuit mode.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the device structure of a coaxial TIG electric arc additive manufacturing device and process for feeding wire and powder outside the arc.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of additive manufacturing process of a coaxial TIG electric arc additive manufacturing device and process for feeding powder inside and outside the arc.
In fig. 2: 1-wire feed wheel, 2-wire, 3-SiO2The device comprises a glass tube, a 4-tungsten electrode red copper cooling body water cooling channel, a 5-powder feeding nozzle cooling water channel, a 6-four-way powder feeding nozzle, a 7-tungsten electrode red copper cooling body, an 8-half-split hollow tungsten electrode, a 9-powder feeding channel, a 10-protective gas channel, an 11-substrate and a 12-workbench.
Detailed Description
A coaxial TIG electric arc additive manufacturing device for feeding wire in arc and powder out of arc comprises SiO2The device comprises a glass tube 3, a four-way powder feeding nozzle 6, a tungsten electrode red copper cooling body 7, a half-split hollow tungsten electrode 8 and a four-way powder feeding channel 9;
SiO2the glass tube 3 passes through the tungsten electrode red copper cooling body 7, the tungsten electrode red copper cooling body 7 is arranged in the four-way powder feeding nozzle 6, and the four-way powder feeding channel 9 is arranged at the bottom of the four-way powder feeding nozzle 6 (namely, at the bottom of the circular truncated cone shown in fig. 2);
the upper end of the half-split hollow tungsten electrode 8 extends into the tungsten electrode red copper cooling body 7, SiO2The lower end of the glass tube 3 extends into a half-split hollow tungsten electrode 8;
SiO2the glass tube 3, the half-split hollow tungsten electrode 8 and the four-way powder feeding nozzle 6 adopt coaxial design。
The semi-split hollow tungsten electrode (8) and the wire pass through SiO2The glass tube (3) is separated, so that the wire material and the tungsten electrode are prevented from conducting electricity, and an insulating effect is achieved.
The tungsten electrode red copper cooling body 7 is provided with a water cooling channel 4. The water cooling channel is used for indirectly cooling the tungsten electrode, so that the tungsten electrode loss can be reduced, and as shown in figure 2, the water cooling channel 4 can surround SiO2Arranging a glass tube 3;
the four powder feeding channels 9 (inclined as shown in fig. 2) output four powder paths, and the convergence position of the four powder paths and the half-split hollow tungsten electrode 8 maintain a coaxial relationship. Alloy powder and wires are gathered above the molten pool in the material increase process.
The four powder feeding channels 9 are designed in a frustum shape.
The four powder feeding nozzles 6 are made of copper materials, and the upper parts of the four powder feeding nozzles 6 are provided with cooling water channels 5. (the cooling water passage 5 may be provided around the four powder feeding nozzles 6)
The upper part of the four powder feeding nozzles 6 is also provided with a protective gas channel 10; a space annular body protective gas channel is formed between the tungsten electrode red copper cooling body 7 and the four-way powder feeding nozzle 6 (as shown in fig. 2, the channel extends from top to bottom to the outlet of the four-way powder feeding nozzle 6 at the bottom), and the channel is communicated with a protective gas channel 10. Through a space annular body channel formed between the tungsten electrode red copper cooling body 7 and the four-way powder feeding nozzle 6, protective gas is blown to a molten pool and a heating area from an annular nozzle at the end part (the lower end shown in figure 2) of the space annular body so as to isolate the damage of harmful gas in the air to a deposition layer and ensure the forming and quality of additive manufacturing.
The tungsten tip 8 of the device extends from the four-way powder feeding nozzle 6 (bottom as shown in FIG. 2), SiO2The glass tube 3 is retracted from the tungsten tip 8 (upwardly as viewed in figure 2). The structure design can fully ensure the four-way powder feeding nozzle 6, the tungsten electrode 8 and the SiO2The service life and stability of the glass tube 3.
The length of the tungsten electrode tip 8 extending from the four-way powder feeding nozzle 6 is 2-5 mm; SiO 22The depth (i.e., the up-down direction shown in fig. 2) of the glass tube 3 retracted from the tungsten tip 8 is 2 to 5 mm.
That is to say, the tungsten electrode tip (8) of the device extends out of the four-way powder feeding nozzle (6), the extension length of the tungsten electrode tip is 2-5mm, and SiO is2The glass tube (3) is retracted from the end of the tungsten electrode to a depth of 2-5mm, so that the structural design can fully ensure four paths of powder feeding nozzles (6), the tungsten electrode (8) and SiO2The service life and the stability of the glass tube (3).
A coaxial TIG electric arc additive manufacturing method for feeding wire in an arc and feeding powder outside the arc is characterized in that one pole of a power supply is connected with a tungsten pole 8 through a tungsten pole red copper cooling body 7, the other pole of the power supply is connected with a substrate 11 or a workbench 12, arc striking is realized through high frequency and pulse, current forms a closed loop through the tungsten pole, a plasma electric arc and the substrate, and stable combustion is maintained.
The electric arc is ignited by high-frequency arc striking or pulse arc striking, a closed loop is formed by a tungsten electrode, a plasma conductor (electric arc) and a substrate, and the electric arc is kept to be stably burnt; meanwhile, the wires and the powder are conveyed to the upper part of the molten pool through the wire feeding channel and the powder feeding channel; the wires and the powder are melted by an electric arc heat source and enter a molten pool, and a uniform deposition layer is formed under the stirring action of the molten pool.
The semi-split hollow tungsten electrode 8 and the wire material 2 pass through SiO2The glass tube 3 is spaced to prevent electrical conduction between the wire and the tungsten electrode, and serves as an insulator.
The wire 2 passes through SiO2The upper end of the glass tube 3 is connected with an external wire feeding mechanism 1; the four-way powder feeding nozzle 6 (the four-way powder feeding channel 9) is connected with an external powder feeder, the four-way powder is gathered above the molten pool, and the gathering position of the four-way powder and the semi-split hollow tungsten electrode 8 maintain a coaxial relationship;
the SiO2The wire feeding wheel 1 above the glass tube 3 is used for ensuring the straightening of the wire 2 and ensuring certain straightness, so that the wire 2 is stably fed above a molten pool to be melted and transited into the molten pool in a molten drop mode or a short circuit mode.
The four-way powder feeding nozzle 6 can adjust the powder conveying amount, and powder is conveyed to the upper part of a molten pool through powder feeding gas; meanwhile, the wire feeding (powder feeding amount) can be adjusted; the simultaneous and coaxial arc inner wire feeding and arc outer powder feeding are realized. Therefore, the control of the residual height and the melt width of the deposition layer can be easily realized by single powder feeding amount regulation or wire feeding speed regulation and matching with the current regulation.
The spatial position relation among the electrode, the wire material and the powder flow is not influenced by the change of the direction in the material increase process of the coaxial arc inner wire feeding and arc outer powder feeding semi-split type hollow tungsten electrode TIG electric arc, so that the condition is constant in the material increase manufacturing process, and the method is suitable for material increase manufacturing of complex parts.
The powder feeding amount can be adjusted by a powder feeder, the powder feeding amount is 0-150g/min, the powder granularity range is 10-200um, and the powder feeding error is less than or equal to 2 percent. The conveying of any kind of alloy powder can be realized, including pure metal powder, alloy powder, ceramic powder and the like.
Because four powder feeding channels are arranged, the conveying of four different alloy powders can be realized at most. Through the change of alloy powder components and powder feeding amount, the manufacturing of the functional gradient structure material parts can be realized, and the material, the structure and the performance of the material additive manufacturing parts can be optimally matched.
The invention is described in further detail below:
the invention includes half-split hollow tungsten electrode, wire feeding and powder feeding three major mechanisms, the tungsten electrode includes: two half-split tungsten electrodes 8, a tungsten electrode red copper cooling body 7 and a water cooling channel (aiming at cooling the half-split hollow tungsten electrode) are arranged on the tungsten electrode red copper cooling body; wire feeder includes: wire feeding wheel 1, wire 2, SiO2Glass tube 3, wire passing through SiO2The glass tube is sent to the upper part of the melting bath; send whitewashed mechanism to include: the four-way powder feeding nozzle 6, the powder feeding nozzle cooling water channel 5 and the powder feeding channel 9 are arranged around the tungsten electrode red copper cooling body 7, and protective gas is blown to a molten pool and a heating area through an end annular nozzle of a space annular body formed between the four-way powder feeding nozzle 6 and the tungsten electrode red copper cooling body 7 to prevent the molten pool from being oxidized, so that the TIG electric arc additive manufacturing device capable of simultaneously feeding powder into a coaxial arc and feeding powder out of the arc is realized.
The invention relates to a coaxial TIG electric arc additive manufacturing device and a process method for feeding powder inside and outside an arc, which comprises the following steps:
the semi-split hollow tungsten electrode 8 is used for high-frequency oscillation arc striking or pulse arc striking, the generated annular electric arc melts the wire and enters a molten pool in a molten drop transition or short circuit transition mode, the four-way powder feeding nozzle 6 surrounds the red copper cooling body 7 and is coaxial with the wire 2, powder is fed above the molten pool through a powder feeding channel, the powder is melted by electric arc heat and transits into the molten pool, and the wire, the powder and a substrate form a uniform deposition layer under the stirring effect of the molten pool, so that the electric arc additive manufacturing process of monofilament electric arc four-way powder feeding is realized.
The invention realizes the coaxial supply of four paths of powder and wire materials, and can ensure that the conditions of the additive manufacturing process are constant when the direction is changed in the additive manufacturing process of complex parts.
According to the invention, the adjustment of the components of the additive manufacturing part can be realized by adjusting the process conditions (powder feeding amount) in the additive manufacturing process, so that the use performance of the additive manufacturing part is improved.
The invention can realize the supply of alloy powder with at most four different components through four powder feeding channels, and realize the additive manufacturing process method of the functional gradient structure material parts through the adjustment of additive manufacturing process method conditions (powder feeding amount of each powder feeding channel), so that the materials, the structures and the service performance of the additive manufacturing parts are optimally matched.
The invention relates to a coaxial TIG electric arc additive manufacturing device and a process method for feeding powder inside and outside an arc, which are characterized in that the TIG electric arc tungsten electrode is hollow, has larger thermal capacity and annular electric arc, and can meet the requirements of a low-cost and high-efficiency TIG electric arc additive manufacturing process.
In conclusion, the tungsten electrode, the wire and the powder flow of the additive manufacturing device keep the coaxiality in space, when the additive manufacturing direction is changed, the tungsten electrode (electric arc), the wire and the powder flow keep unchanged in space position, the conditions of the additive manufacturing process are fully guaranteed to be constant, and the formability and the forming quality are also guaranteed to be stable.
According to the method, through the supply of the alloy powder, the loss of alloy elements such as oxidation, burning loss and evaporation in the additive manufacturing process is compensated, the adjustability of alloy components of the electric arc additive manufacturing part is ensured, and the stability of the service performance of the additive manufacturing part is fully ensured.
The required alloy powder can be fed into the molten pool through the coaxial feeding device, and the adjustment of alloy components in a large range can be realized.
According to the four-way coaxial powder feeding device, at most four different-component alloy powder can be supplied according to different powder feeding amounts, manufacturing of functional gradient structure material parts can be conveniently and easily achieved, and materials, structures and use performance of the material increase manufacturing parts can be optimally matched.
Look up welding gun device of TIG electric arc vibration material disk at home and abroad, send a and arc outward powder in the arc simultaneously of this application, make tungsten electrode (electric arc), silk material and powder flow and form coaxial relation on spatial position, such device has not found yet, and its this device adopts half split type hollow tungsten electrode moreover, has realized sending the function of a and arc outward powder simultaneously and in the coaxial arc, also is one of this application characteristics.
Claims (9)
1. A coaxial arc inner wire feeding and arc outer powder feeding TIG electric arc additive manufacturing device is characterized in that: the device comprises SiO2The device comprises a glass tube (3), four powder feeding nozzles (6), a tungsten electrode red copper cooling body (7), a half-split hollow tungsten electrode (8) and four powder feeding channels (9);
SiO2the glass tube (3) passes through the tungsten electrode red copper cooling body (7), the tungsten electrode red copper cooling body (7) is arranged in the four-way powder feeding nozzle (6), and the four-way powder feeding channel (9) is arranged at the bottom of the four-way powder feeding nozzle (6);
the upper end of the semi-split hollow tungsten electrode (8) extends into the tungsten electrode red copper cooling body (7) and SiO2The lower end of the glass tube (3) extends into the semi-split hollow tungsten electrode (8);
SiO2the glass tube (3), the half-split hollow tungsten electrode (8) and the four-way powder feeding nozzle (6) adopt coaxial design.
2. A coaxial arc inner wire feeding and outer wire feeding TIG arc additive manufacturing device according to claim 1, wherein: the tungsten electrode red copper cooling body (7) is provided with a water cooling channel (4).
3. A coaxial arc inner wire feeding and outer wire feeding TIG arc additive manufacturing device according to claim 1, wherein: four powder channels (9) output four powder channels, and the convergence position of the four powder channels and the half-split hollow tungsten electrode (8) maintain a coaxial relationship.
4. A coaxial arc inner wire feeding and outer wire feeding TIG arc additive manufacturing device according to claim 1, wherein: the four powder feeding channels (9) adopt a frustum shape design.
5. A coaxial arc inner wire feeding and outer wire feeding TIG arc additive manufacturing device according to claim 1, wherein: the four powder feeding nozzles (6) are made of copper materials, and the upper parts of the four powder feeding nozzles (6) are provided with cooling water channels (5).
6. A TIG electric arc additive manufacturing device for coaxial arc inner wire feeding and outer wire feeding powder according to claim 5, characterized in that: the upper part of the four powder feeding nozzles (6) is also provided with a protective gas channel (10); a passage is formed between the tungsten electrode red copper cooling body (7) and the four-way powder feeding nozzle (6), and the passage is communicated with the protective gas passage (10).
7. A coaxial arc inner wire feeding and outer wire feeding TIG arc additive manufacturing device according to claim 1, wherein:
the tungsten electrode tip (8) of the device extends out of the four-way powder feeding nozzle (6) and SiO is coated on the surface of the powder feeding nozzle2The glass tube (3) is retracted from the tungsten electrode tip (8).
8. A coaxial arc inner wire feeding and outer wire feeding TIG arc additive manufacturing device according to claim 1, wherein: the tungsten electrode tip (8) extends out of the four-way powder feeding nozzle (6) by 2-5 mm; SiO 22The depth of the glass tube (3) from the tungsten electrode end (8) is 2-5 mm.
9. The manufacturing method of the coaxial TIG arc additive manufacturing device for feeding wire inside and powder outside the arc according to claim 1, characterized in that:
one pole of the power supply is connected with a tungsten pole 8 through a tungsten pole red copper cooling body 7, the other pole of the power supply is connected with a substrate (11) or a workbench (12), and current forms a closed loop through the tungsten pole, a plasma arc and the substrate;
the electric arc is ignited by high-frequency arc striking or pulse arc striking, a closed loop is formed by a tungsten electrode, a plasma conductor and a substrate, and the electric arc is kept to be stably burnt; meanwhile, conveying the wires and the powder to the upper part of the molten pool; the wires and the powder are melted by an electric arc heat source and enter a molten pool, and a uniform deposition layer is formed under the stirring action of the molten pool.
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