CN111265292B

CN111265292B - Broken bone aligning device

Info

Publication number: CN111265292B
Application number: CN201910891875.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘珅; 王伟; 刘光旺
Original assignee: Shanghai Sixth Peoples Hospital
Current assignee: Shanghai Sixth Peoples Hospital
Priority date: 2019-09-20
Filing date: 2019-09-20
Publication date: 2023-03-24
Anticipated expiration: 2039-09-20
Also published as: CN111265292A

Abstract

A broken bone aligning device comprises aligning forceps which comprise two hinged forceps handles (can be in cross connection, hinge connection, gear occlusion and the like), wherein a medullary cavity plug is arranged at the bottom end of each forceps handle and is used for extending into a medullary cavity. The medullary cavity plugs are hinged with the forceps handle, the rotating surfaces of the two medullary cavity plugs are overlapped in parallel, the central line is a straight line, the rotating surfaces are overlapped in parallel with the length direction of the forceps handle, and meanwhile, the forceps handle is provided with a positioning device of the medullary cavity plugs and used for fixing the rotating angle of the medullary cavity plugs and aligning the wires (the central line is a straight line). This disconnected bone aligning device can effectually counterpoint the alignment to two sections broken bones after the osteotomy operation, for the interim fixed assistance that provides in the art, makes things convenient for the operation for the operation process.

Description

Broken bone aligning device

Technical Field

The invention relates to a broken bone aligning device, in particular to an aligning device which aligns staggered bones after cutting off the bones so as to be beneficial to recovering the bones to the original state after healing.

Background

The osteotomy is an operation in which a bone is cut and then healed by an operation. In operation, the two sections of the cut bones are difficult to be in a natural alignment state under the traction of tendons and muscles. The common equipment is to fix and connect steel plates outside the skeleton to make the skeleton grow in the length direction of the steel plates. In this way, there is a high probability of significant deviation of the fracture surface, resulting in slow bone recovery or poor healing.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to align two broken bones before positioning the two broken bones in an osteotomy, and provides a broken bone aligning device which is relative in broken bone sections and has smaller radial deviation.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention comprises a bone fracture aligning device, which comprises aligning forceps, wherein the aligning forceps comprise two forceps handles, the forceps handles can rotate on the same plane, the forceps handles are symmetrically arranged, the bottom ends of the forceps handles are provided with medullary cavity plugs, and the medullary cavity plugs are used for extending into medullary cavities.

Furthermore, a bearing is fixed in one end of the fixing tube of the medullary cavity plug, which is flush with the end head tube, a telescopic sleeve is fixed between two opposite bearings, and the telescopic sleeve is provided with a positioning component for fixing the length of the telescopic sleeve.

Furthermore, the medullary cavity plugs are hinged with the forceps handle, the rotating surfaces of the two medullary cavity plugs are overlapped in parallel and are overlapped in parallel with the length direction of the forceps handle, and meanwhile, a positioning device of the medullary cavity plugs is arranged on the forceps handle and is used for fixing the rotating angle of the medullary cavity plugs.

Furthermore, the positioning device comprises a connecting rod and a positioning bolt, one end of the connecting rod is hinged with the medullary cavity plug, and the connecting rod can be fixed with the forceps handle through the positioning bolt.

Furthermore, a plurality of spring clips which are symmetrically arranged are fixed on the medullary cavity plug, and the lengths of the extending sections of the spring clips are the same.

Furthermore, the medullary cavity plug comprises a head tube, a fixed tube, a clamping piece, a clamping head, a positioning ring, a first annular sac and a first communicating tube;

fixed pipe of end intraductal fixed coaxial, fixed pipe one end and end pipe parallel and level, the end pipe is stretched out to the other end, the card has a plurality ofly, its one end articulates on the one side outer wall that the broken end pipe closes on fixed pipe and stretches out the end through the coil spring, fixed holding ring on the fixed pipe, the outer wall conflict card under the state of the outer wall ground of holding ring, holding ring outer wall middle part has the annular groove, the first annular bag of recess internal fixation, first annular bag and first communicating pipe intercommunication, first annular bag can rotate the card along its pin joint to the direction of keeping away from the holding ring through first communicating pipe injection liquid or gaseous inflation, the vacant end of card has the dop, be used for contradicting the pulp cavity inner wall.

Furthermore, on fixed pipe, be located the fixed second holding ring of department between first solid fixed ring and the end pipe, conflict card under the second holding ring outer wall natural state, have the annular groove on the second holding ring outer wall, recess internal fixation second annular bag, second annular bag and second communicating pipe intercommunication, second annular bag is through second communicating pipe injection liquid or gaseous messenger it can conflict or promote the card.

Further, fix the liquid bag in card next-door neighbour dop department, the liquid bag passes through liquid bag pipe and shows the transparent pillar pipe intercommunication on the position subassembly, and the intraductal injection of liquid bag and liquid bag has partial conflict marrow intracavity wall, makes the liquid level of coloured liquid in the transparent pillar pipe on showing the position subassembly rise, and the initial liquid level in the transparent pillar pipe is the same as the liquid bag along with the card rotation.

Furthermore, a plurality of second liquid bags are fixed on the outer side of the second annular bag, the second liquid bags are butted against the clamping piece in a natural state, the second liquid bags are communicated with different transparent column tubes through second liquid bag tubes, and liquid with different colors in the liquid bags and the liquid bag tubes can be injected into the second liquid bags and the second liquid bag tubes.

Furthermore, the position display component and the injection tube are fixed into a whole and are positioned on the forceps handle together.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the forceps handle and the medullary cavity plug are arranged, so that the fractured bone can be effectively aligned, and the recovery effect after healing is better;

2. the medullary cavity plug which can adapt to medullary cavities of different sizes is arranged, so that the operation of an operator is facilitated, two sections of broken bones after the osteotomy operation are effectively aligned, the assistance is provided for temporary fixation in the operation, the operation is facilitated, and the operation process is accelerated;

3. through setting up and showing the position subassembly, be convenient for the operator to control the state of medullary cavity stopper, be convenient for judge the position of medullary cavity stopper, improve the precision of counterpointing.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a schematic view of a rotatable configuration of the intramedullary canal plug.

Figure 3 is a schematic view of a device configuration capable of accommodating different sized medullary cavities.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the use state of fig. 3.

Figure 5 is a schematic view of the intramedullary canal plug of figure 3.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the display post of fig. 3.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the fluid injection cylinder in fig. 3.

Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the card of fig. 3.

Fig. 9 is a left side view of fig. 8.

FIG. 10 is a schematic representation of the steel plate after direct positioning and bone healing after positioning using the alignment device.

Figure 11 is a schematic view of a plug configuration with resilient projections.

Fig. 12 is a structural schematic diagram of the handle of the pliers which is opened and closed by screwing.

In the figure, a broken bone 10, a medullary cavity 11, an alignment forceps 20, a forceps handle 21, a medullary cavity plug 30, a head tube 31, a fixing tube 32, a clamping piece 33, a clamping head 331, a sac 34, a sac tube 341, a positioning ring 35, a first annular sac 36, a first communicating tube 361, a second positioning ring 37, a second exchange sac 38, a second communicating tube 381, a second sac 39, a second sac tube 391, a head sac 310, a sac tube 3101, a connecting rod 40, a positioning bolt 41, a positioning component 50, a syringe 51, a thread telescopic sleeve 60

Detailed Description

The invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in figure 1, the bone fracture aligning device comprises an aligning clamp 20 which comprises two clamp handles 21 hinged in a crossed mode, the opening degree can be adjusted conveniently by opening and closing, a medullary cavity plug 30 is arranged at the bottom end of each clamp handle, and the medullary cavity plug 30 is used for extending into a medullary cavity 11. The medullary cavity plug 30 can be inserted into the medullary cavity 11 by adjusting the opening and closing angle of the clamp handle 21, so that the relative position between two sections of broken bones can be manually adjusted, the broken bones are aligned, the alignment accuracy of the fracture surface is improved, and the position deviation between the broken bones is reduced. Thus, after the fractured bone is aligned first, the fractured bone is positioned by the steel plate and the screw, and the fractured bone grows by extending according to the position at the time of alignment, not according to the longitudinal direction of the steel plate. Since the bone resembles a cylinder and the diameters of the parts differ greatly, if the steel plate is used for positioning, then if the steel plate is positioned on a thicker fractured bone at one end and fixed on a thinner fractured bone at the other end, the result will be that the bone will grow along the length of the steel plate rather than in its original state, as shown in fig. 10.

As shown in fig. 12, there are various structures of the forceps handles as long as the rotation of the forceps handles relative to the symmetry line in the same plane can be realized. As shown in the figure, when the nut at the top end is screwed, the bolt on the inner side of the clamp handle can move up and down, the bottom end of the bolt is hinged with the connecting rod, and the spare end of the connecting rod is in sliding fit with the sliding groove of the clamp handle, so that the bolt can move to drive the clamp handle to open and close.

As shown in fig. 2, because the gap between the broken bones is different, from several centimeters to twenty-more centimeters, the medullary cavity plug 30 is convenient to be inserted into the medullary cavity 11 and to drive the broken bones to move, therefore, the medullary cavity plug 30 is hinged with the forceps handle 21, the rotating surfaces of the two medullary cavity plugs 30 are coincided in parallel, and the rotating surfaces are coincided in parallel with the length direction of the forceps handle 21, and meanwhile, the forceps handle 21 is provided with a positioning device of the medullary cavity plug 30 for fixing the rotating angle. The rotation angle of the medullary cavity plug 30 can be adjusted, so that the medullary cavity plug 30 can extend into the medullary cavity 11 conveniently, and the contraposition pliers 20 can be rotated to adjust the position of the broken bone 10 conveniently. The positioning device comprises a connecting rod 40 and a positioning bolt 41, wherein one end of the connecting rod is hinged with the medullary cavity plug 30, and meanwhile, the connecting rod can be fixed with the clamp handle 21 through the positioning bolt. The connecting rod can be arc-shaped or linear, the sleeve can be fixed on the outer side of the clamp handle in the arc-shaped mode, the connecting rod 40 penetrates through the sleeve, the positioning bolt penetrates through the sleeve to press the connecting rod 40 on the clamp handle 21 for positioning, when the connecting rod 41 is linear, a through hole can be formed in the clamp handle, the positioning bolt is directly in threaded connection with the side face of the through hole, and the connecting rod 40 is extruded to be positioned on the clamp handle. Of course other common articulating rotational angle positioning devices may be used to position the intramedullary canal plug 30.

As shown in fig. 11, a plurality of spring clips 301 are symmetrically arranged on the intramedullary canal plug 30, and the spring clips 301 can facilitate the insertion of the intramedullary canal plug into the intramedullary canal and adapt to intramedullary canals with different sizes. The spring clamp 301 comprises a cylindrical protrusion, a coaxial blind hole is formed in the cylindrical protrusion, a blind hole is formed in the corresponding position of the pulp cavity plug 30, the tail end of the cylindrical protrusion is inserted into the blind hole of the pulp cavity plug 30, a spring is inserted into the cylindrical protrusion and abuts against the bottom end of the blind hole of the cylindrical protrusion, elongated grooves parallel to the axial direction are formed in two sides of the blind hole of the pulp cavity plug 30, and protruding blocks are fixed at two ends of the cylindrical protrusion and inserted into the elongated grooves and used for limiting the limit position of the cylindrical protrusion. Coaxial bearings are fixed at opposite ends of the medullary cavity plug 30, with a coaxial threaded telescoping sleeve 60 fixed between the two bearings.

As shown in fig. 3-9, since the inner diameter of the medullary cavity 11 is large or small, in order to stably and accurately adjust the position of the fractured bone and facilitate observation, the medullary cavity plug 30 can be deformed in many ways, and its accessories can include an end head tube 31, a fixing tube 32, a clamping piece 33, a clamping head 331, a sac 34, a sac tube 341, a positioning ring 35, a first annular sac 36, a first communicating tube 361, a second positioning ring 37, a second annular sac 38, a second communicating tube 381, a second sac 39, a second sac tube 391, an end head sac 310 and a sac communicating tube 3101.

The basic deformation is that a coaxial fixed tube 32 is fixed in a head tube 31, one end of the fixed tube 32 is flush with the head tube 32, the other end of the fixed tube extends out of the head tube 31, a plurality of clamping pieces 33 are arranged, one end of each clamping piece is hinged to the outer wall of one side, close to the extending end of the fixed tube 32, of the head tube 31 through a coil spring, a positioning ring 35 is fixed on the fixed tube 32, the outer wall of the positioning ring 35 abuts against the clamping piece 33 in a ground state, an annular groove is formed in the middle of the outer wall of the positioning ring 35, a first annular bag 36 is fixed in the groove, the first annular bag 36 is communicated with a first communication tube 361, the clamping piece can rotate along the hinged point of the clamping piece in the direction far away from the positioning ring 35 through liquid or gas injected into the first communication tube 361 through expansion, and a clamping head 331 is arranged at the free end of the clamping piece and used for abutting against the inner wall of a medullary cavity. The clamping plate 33 can be rotated towards the inner wall of the medullary cavity by injecting liquid or introducing gas into the first annular sac 36, so that the medullary cavity plug and the inner wall of the medullary cavity 11 are relatively fixed, the position of a broken bone is convenient to adjust, the medullary cavity plug 30 is prevented from moving in the medullary cavity, and the accuracy and controllability of adjustment are further improved. The chuck is preferably inclined upwards, the included angle between the length direction of the chuck and the length direction of the clamping piece is 100-135 degrees, so that the potential medullary cavity inner wall of the chuck can be avoided, the longitudinal section of the clamping piece 33 is preferably arc-shaped, the longitudinal section of the chuck is also arc-shaped, the contact area between the chuck and the medullary cavity inner wall can be enlarged, and the positioning is more accurate.

Of course, when the first annular bladder 36 passes through the gas or liquid, the clamp 331 of the clamp 33 is fixed to the inner wall of the medullary cavity 11, and there are a plurality of clamps 33, when an external force is applied to align the bone with the alignment forceps 20, the bladder may deform under the action of the force, so that there may still be a small amount of movement between the medullary cavity plug 30 and the medullary cavity 11, in order to further limit the movable amount of the medullary cavity plug 30, or to more stably position the medullary cavity plug 30 and the medullary cavity 11. On the fixed tube 32, a second positioning ring 37 is fixed between the first fixing ring 35 and the end tube 32, the outer wall of the second positioning ring 37 naturally abuts against the clamping piece 33, an annular groove is formed in the outer wall of the second positioning ring 37, a second annular bag 38 is fixed in the groove, the second annular bag 38 is communicated with a second communication tube 381, and the second annular bag 38 is filled with liquid or gas through the second communication tube 381 so that the second annular bag can abut against or push the clamping piece, so that the effect of further stabilizing the relative position between the clamping piece and the fixed tube 32 is achieved, and the effect that the movement amount of the medullary cavity plug 30 in the medullary cavity 11 is smaller and the position is more stable is achieved.

The above series of operations are actually controlled by the experience of the operator, because the axial rotation angles of the respective clamping pieces 33 with respect to the fixing tube 32 may be different, but the operator can hardly perceive the slight difference, therefore, the liquid sac 34 is fixed at the position where the clamping pieces 33 are adjacent to the clamping head 331, the liquid sac 34 is communicated with the transparent column tube on the positioning assembly 50 through the liquid sac tube 341, the liquid sac and the liquid sac tube 341 are filled with the colored liquid, when the liquid sac 34 partially butts against the inner wall of the medullary cavity 11 along with the rotation of the clamping pieces, the liquid level of the colored liquid in the transparent column tube on the fiber assembly 50 is raised, and whether the position of the medullary cavity plug 30 with respect to the medullary cavity is deviated or not can be known by adjusting the initial liquid level in the transparent column tube to be the same, and when the clamping pieces 33 rotate due to the expansion of the first annular sac or the second annular sac. When the alignment adjustment is carried out on the broken bone, the larger position can be adjusted firstly to ensure that the broken bone is basically aligned, then whether the liquid level in the transparent column tube is level or not is observed, if the liquid level difference is larger, the medullary cavity plug 30 has a larger included angle with the medullary cavity in the axial direction, and the liquid level in the transparent column tube is basically level by repeatedly filling and discharging liquid or gas in the first annular sac and the second annular sac through slight shake, so that the final alignment operation is finished. And the alignment is more accurate. The visualization device can assist the operator in aligning the intramedullary plug 30 substantially coaxially with the intramedullary canal.

In fact, since the fluid sac is close to the chuck 331 and cannot well display the magnitude of the pressurization strength, a plurality of second fluid sacs 39 are fixed outside the second annular sac 38, the second fluid sacs 39 naturally abut against the clamping pieces 33, the second fluid sacs 39 are communicated with different transparent column tubes through the second fluid sac tubes 391, and liquids with different colors in the second fluid sacs and the second fluid sac tubes 391 can be injected into the second fluid sac and the second fluid sac tubes 34 and 341, so that the distinction is convenient, when the liquid level in the transparent column tubes communicated with the fluid sac tubes 341 rises, the clamping pieces abut against the inner wall of the medullary cavity 11, the second fluid sac 39 is pressurized by injecting liquid or gas into the second annular sac 38, the liquid level in the same column tube communicated with the second fluid sac tubes rises, the position of the medullary cavity plug 30 is adjusted by shaking, and finally the page in the transparent column tubes communicated with the second fluid sacs 39 is basically flush, on the one hand, the magnitude of the pressurization pressure can be judged by the liquid level, and the position of the medullary cavity plug 30 can be basically stable and is basically coaxial with the medullary cavity. Show position subassembly 50 and pass through the ball joint and the pincers handle 21 ball joint, during the use, keep transparent column pipe vertical state, keep the liquid level stable on the one hand, on the other hand, contrast liquid level is more accurate.

The visible assembly 50 and the syringe barrel 51 can be fixed together and positioned on the forceps handle 21. The number of cards 33 is preferably not less than 4.

If the clamp is used, if the two medullary cavity plugs are coaxial, a bearing can be fixed in one end of the fixing tube 32 of the medullary cavity plug 30, which is flush with the end head tube 31, a thread telescopic sleeve 60 is fixed between the two opposite bearings, the medullary cavity plug 30 and the clamp handle 21 are hinged, and the distance between the two can be adjusted and the coaxial state can be kept through the rotation of the thread telescopic sleeve.

In order to inject the liquid or gas into the first and second annular bladders, a syringe 51 may be used, the syringe 51 including an outer cylinder and a screw pressurizing rod, and the gas or liquid in the outer cylinder can be pushed out from the other end of the outer cylinder by rotating the screw pressurizing rod to expand the first or second annular bladders.

In order to facilitate the insertion of the plug 30 into the medullary cavity, i.e. to facilitate guiding, a ring piece is fixed to the protruding end of the fixed tube 32, a half balloon 310 is fixed to the side of the ring piece away from the fixed tube 32, and the half balloon 310 is injected with liquid or liquid through the balloon tube 3101, or can be retracted into the fixed tube 32 under negative pressure. With the half balloon 310, the intramedullary canal plug 30 can be inserted more easily into the intramedullary canal 11.

In addition, in time, the shape of the medullary cavity 11 is irregular, so that the operator can correspond to the position of the card according to observation, and can basically judge the position and the pressurizing strength of the card by combining the position display component, thereby judging the information such as the position of the medullary cavity plug 30 and whether the medullary cavity plug is stable or not.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A broken bone aligning device comprises aligning forceps and is characterized by comprising two forceps handles, wherein the forceps handles can rotate on the same plane and are symmetrically arranged, a medullary cavity plug is arranged at the bottom end of each forceps handle, and the medullary cavity plug is used for extending into a medullary cavity;

the medullary cavity plug comprises a head pipe, a fixed pipe, a clamping piece, a clamping head, a positioning ring, a first annular sac and a first communicating pipe;

2. A bone fragment alignment device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a bearing is fixed in the end of the medullary cavity plug where the fixing tube is flush with the head tube, and a telescopic sleeve is fixed between the two opposite bearings, the telescopic sleeve having a positioning member for fixing the length of the telescopic sleeve.

3. A fractured bone aligning device according to claim 1, wherein the medullary cavity plugs are hinged to the forceps handle, the rotating surfaces of the two medullary cavity plugs are overlapped in parallel and are overlapped in parallel with the length direction of the forceps handle, and meanwhile, a positioning device of the medullary cavity plugs is arranged on the forceps handle and is used for fixing the rotating angle of the medullary cavity plugs.

4. A fractured bone aligning device according to claim 3, wherein the positioning device comprises a connecting rod and a positioning bolt, one end of the connecting rod is hinged with the medullary cavity plug, and the connecting rod can fix the position of the connecting rod and the clamp handle through the positioning bolt.

5. A bone fracture alignment device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the intramedullary canal plug has a plurality of symmetrically disposed snap clips with the same length of protruding section.

6. A bone fracture alignment device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a second positioning ring is fixed on the fixing tube between the first fixing ring and the end tube, the outer wall of the second positioning ring naturally abuts against the clamping piece, an annular groove is formed in the outer wall of the second positioning ring, a second annular bag is fixed in the groove and is communicated with the second communication tube, and the second annular bag is filled with liquid or gas through the second communication tube so as to abut against or push the clamping piece.

7. A fractured bone aligning device according to claim 6, wherein a liquid sac is fixed to the clamping head, the liquid sac is communicated with the transparent column tube on the position displaying component through a liquid sac tube, colored liquid is filled in the liquid sac and the liquid sac tube, when the liquid sac partially collides with the inner wall of the medullary cavity along with the rotation of the clamping head, the liquid level of the colored liquid in the transparent column tube on the position displaying component rises, and the initial liquid level in the transparent column tube is the same.

8. A fractured bone aligning device of claim 7, wherein a plurality of second fluid bags are fixed outside the second annular bag, the second fluid bags naturally abut against the clamping piece, the second fluid bags are communicated with different transparent column tubes through second fluid bag tubes, and different colors of fluid can be filled in the second fluid bags and the second fluid bag tubes.

9. The alignment device for bone fragments of claim 8, wherein the display assembly and the syringe are fixed together and positioned on the forceps handle.