CN111264120B - Method for inhibiting weed seed germination by using natural capsaicin aqueous emulsion - Google Patents

Method for inhibiting weed seed germination by using natural capsaicin aqueous emulsion Download PDF

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CN111264120B
CN111264120B CN202010101182.7A CN202010101182A CN111264120B CN 111264120 B CN111264120 B CN 111264120B CN 202010101182 A CN202010101182 A CN 202010101182A CN 111264120 B CN111264120 B CN 111264120B
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water
weed
weed seeds
aqueous emulsion
natural
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CN111264120A (en
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滕荣
李彪
夏万有
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Chuxiong Hongfeng Agricultural Technology Development Co ltd
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Chuxiong Hongfeng Agricultural Technology Development Co ltd
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N25/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
    • A01N25/02Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing liquids as carriers, diluents or solvents
    • A01N25/04Dispersions, emulsions, suspoemulsions, suspension concentrates or gels
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N37/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
    • A01N37/18Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing the group —CO—N<, e.g. carboxylic acid amides or imides; Thio analogues thereof

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for inhibiting weed seed germination by using natural capsaicin aqueous emulsion, in particular to a method for treating weed seeds by using 60% water-soluble natural capsaicin raw solution to observe the conditions of the weed seeds affecting seed germination, which comprises the following specific steps: 1) Pretreating weed seeds; 2) Preparing water-soluble natural capsaicinoids solution with different dilution factors and 60%; 3) Treating weed seeds with 60% water-soluble natural capsaicinoids solution with different dilution factors; 4) And (5) analyzing the inhibition effect of 60% of water-soluble natural capsaicin substances on weed seed germination and growth. The substance is used as an inhibitor for inhibiting the germination and growth of weed seeds, can be used as a food additive, is edible for human and livestock, has no harm to human bodies and higher safety than chemical preparations, can avoid the defects of soil hardening, salinization, environmental pollution and the like caused by using conventional plant growth inhibitors and herbicides, and is hopeful to be developed into a new-generation herbicide with green, safety and high efficiency.

Description

Method for inhibiting weed seed germination by using natural capsaicin aqueous emulsion
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of agricultural weeds, and particularly relates to a method for inhibiting weed seed germination by using a natural capsaicin aqueous emulsion.
Background
For any particular geographical area, a plant is said to be weeds when it is capable of growing to occupy the entire space or, in some cases, predominate in a population that is significantly disturbed by humans. In the agronomic field, experts find interesting properties with respect to weeds: the more the person wants to control it, the better it is adapted. Depending on the actual environment, there are many plants that can be called weeds, such as shrubs, rattans, and various herbaceous plants. Furthermore, weeds also refer to plants which are vigorous in growth, invasive and pose a serious threat to the cultivated crop.
The weeds are natural and energetic, have strong adaptability to the environment, and can adjust the occupation behavior according to the actual environment and obtain better adaptability. Weed biology and ecology is the history of success of weeds. The general process of weed invasion is: the method is suitable for environment, living in the machine, occupying land, setting seeds, breeding, tending population, randomly straining, gradually concentrating, survival of the fittest, competing and dying, and individuals with good adaptability obtain more survival opportunities. The weeds occupy the territory and have the following characteristics in the process of expanding: (1) In a cultivation system, resources which are not fully utilized by crops create preconditions for the growth and propagation of weeds; (2) Weeds continuously occupy more fields through diffusion and nearby clone propagation, so that more opportunity spaces are invaded; (3) The biodiversity of weeds enables weeds with good adaptability to fully capture and exploit these opportunistic spaces. Over time, the plants become localized improved weeds through natural selection and competitive evolution of the superior and inferior jigs; (4) The characteristics of weeds will be revealed at the best moment in their lifetime. Weeds maximize their fitness in plant communities when the agricultural season comes; (5) These characteristics of weeds promote their integration and interaction in plant communities. Weeds invade the tillage system (field) by spreading and rapidly taking up the favourable space between crops. The specific behavior can be described as: each invasive weed grows into flowering weeds by occupying unused resources in the field, and each flowering weed then independently generates new seeds.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly solves the technical problems that: aiming at the defects of chemical hormone inhibitors and herbicides, a method for inhibiting weed seed germination by using natural capsaicin aqueous emulsion is provided, and the specific steps are as follows:
e1 Pretreatment: selecting weed seeds which are complete in development and healthy and full, flushing the weed seeds with tap water, flushing the weed seeds with distilled water or tap water for a plurality of times, spreading the washed weed seeds on water-absorbing filter paper for a period of time, and then absorbing water;
2) Preparation of different dilutions of 60% water-soluble natural capsaicin aqueous emulsion: diluting 60% water-soluble natural capsaicin aqueous emulsion with tap water or distilled water to obtain 0.6%, 0.24% and 0.12% diluted solution.
3) Weed seed treatment culture with different dilutions: selecting a certain amount of weed seeds pretreated in the step 1), spreading the weed seeds on 2-3 layers of qualitative filter paper soaked by natural capsaicin substance solutions with different concentrations (placing the filter paper in a glass culture dish with moderate size), covering the culture dish cover, and placing the culture dish cover in a constant-temperature incubator for culturing in a dark environment.
4) Weed seed germination and seedling growth agronomic index determination: after culturing for a certain time under the condition of the step 3), counting the germination conditions of the weed seeds after being treated by the natural capsaicin substance solutions with different concentrations, measuring the axial length and the fresh weight of the embryo, and calculating the germination vigor of the weed seeds and the inhibition rate of the natural capsaicin substance solutions with different concentrations to the growth of the seedlings.
Wherein, the weed seeds in the step 1) are washed by tap water for 10-20min.
Wherein, step 1) is performed 3-5 times of washing with distilled water.
Wherein, the washed seeds in the step 1) are flatly paved on water-absorbing filter paper for 5-8 hours, and the seeds are absorbed by water and air-dried.
The method for diluting the 0.6% natural capsaicin substance solution in the step 2) comprises the following steps: 1mL of 60% water-soluble natural capsaicinoids aqueous emulsion is taken, 99mL of distilled water is added, and the mixture is stirred uniformly.
The method for diluting the 0.24% natural capsaicin substance solution in the step 2) comprises the following steps: 1mL of 60% water-soluble natural capsaicin material solution is added with 249mL of distilled water and stirred uniformly.
The method for diluting the 0.12% natural capsaicin substance solution in the step 2) comprises the following steps: 1mL of a 60% aqueous solution of natural capsaicinoids was added with 499mL of distilled water and stirred uniformly.
Wherein, the weed seeds in the step 3) are: annual grass weeds such as green bristlegrass, crabgrass, barnyard grass and the like.
Wherein the number of seeds in the step 3) is 60-100.
Wherein, the natural capsaicin substance solutions with different concentrations in the step 3) are as follows: the natural capsaicin substances are respectively diluted solutions with the contents of 0.6%, 0.24% and 0.12%.
Wherein the qualitative filter paper in the step 3) is medium-speed qualitative filter paper A9cm.
Wherein, the filter paper in each culture dish of the 2-3 layers of qualitative filter paper soaked by the natural capsaicin solution in the step 3) uses 3mL of natural capsaicin solution with a certain concentration.
Wherein, the certain temperature in the step 3) is 25+/-2 ℃.
Wherein, the culture in the step 4) is carried out for a period of time which is basically 5-10 days, and is specifically determined according to the germination and seedling growth conditions of different weeds.
The method for judging the germination conditions of weed seeds after the weed seeds are treated by the natural capsaicin substance solutions with different concentrations is mainly characterized by comprising the following steps: the seed is exposed or radicle grows out, which is the seed germinates, and the seed is regarded as not germinating.
The length from the cotyledon base to the root tip is determined as the length of the embryonic axis, and the fresh weight is measured by an electronic balance with the precision of 0.01 g.
The method comprises the steps of step 4) calculating the inhibition rate of natural capsaicin substance solutions with different concentrations on weed seed germination and seedling growth, calculating the inhibition rate of weed seed germination according to a formula (1) and a formula (2), calculating the inhibition rate of hypocotyl growth according to a formula (3), and calculating the inhibition rate of fresh weight accumulation according to a formula (4).
Seed germination rate =… … … … … … … … … … … (Equation 1)
Seed germination inhibition ratio =… … … … (Formula 2)
Hypocotyl growth inhibition ratio =… … … (Equation 3)
Fresh weight accumulation inhibition ratio =… … … … (Equation 4)
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. overcomes the problems of hardening, salinization and pollution to water quality and environment caused by using the conventional plant growth inhibitor.
2. The 60% water-soluble natural capsaicin aqueous emulsion with a certain concentration is used as an inhibitor for weed seeds, can be used as a food additive, is edible for human and livestock, has no harm to human bodies, and has higher safety than the traditional plant growth regulator or herbicide.
3. The inhibitor has good inhibition effect on seed germination and seedling growth of annual gramineous weeds such as green bristlegrass, crabgrass, barnyard grass and the like, and can effectively control weeds in the early stage of weed growth.
Detailed Description
The following examples are illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Modifications and substitutions to methods, procedures, or conditions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and nature of the invention are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
The technical means used in the examples are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art unless otherwise indicated.
The invention will be further described with reference to specific examples.
Pre-experiment
The pre-experiment of the method is carried out by taking barnyard grass seeds as materials.
The pre-experiment steps are as follows: 1) Pretreatment: selecting barnyard grass seeds which are complete in development and healthy and full, flushing for 10min by tap water, flushing for 4 times by distilled water, spreading the washed seeds on water-absorbing filter paper for 6h, and then absorbing water.
2) And (2) selecting 60 barnyard grass seeds obtained in the step (1), respectively spreading the barnyard grass seeds in a culture dish which is soaked by a 60% water-soluble natural capsaicin substance solution which is put in distilled water and diluted 100 times, 250 times and 500 times, and then culturing the barnyard grass seeds in a qualitative filter paper layer 2, wherein each treatment is repeated for 3 times.
3) Culturing barnyard grass seeds obtained in the step 2) at the temperature of 25+/-2 ℃ for 14 days, and then counting and recording the germination vigor, the embryo shaft length, the fresh weight and the dry weight of the weed seeds after being treated by distilled water and water-soluble natural capsaicinoid solutions with different concentrations and 60 percent.
Table 1 barnyard grass culture 5d distilled water treatment control: CK. 0.6% natural capsaicin substance solution treatment: diluting 100 times, and treating 0.24% natural capsaicin substance solution: diluting 250 times, and treating 0.12% natural capsaicin substance solution: dilution by 500 times, and comparison of the axis length and fresh weight of the embryo.
From table 1, it can be seen that there is a significant difference between the germination inhibition rate and CK of barnyard grass seeds diluted 100-fold, 250-fold and 500-fold, with the dilution being highest by 100-fold; the growth inhibition rate of hypocotyls and the fresh weight accumulation inhibition rate of the hypocotyls after 100 times dilution, 250 times dilution and 500 times dilution are obviously different from CK, and the inhibition rate is gradually reduced along with the increase of dilution multiple, which shows that the higher the concentration, the better the germination inhibition effect is when barnyard grass seeds are treated by 60% of water-soluble natural capsaicin substance solution.
Table 1 is as follows:
content of natural capsaicin in solution (%) Seed germination percentage (%) Seed germination inhibition ratio (%) Hypocotyl growth inhibition (%) Fresh weight accumulation inhibition ratio (%)
0.60 33 62±0.082d 20±0.109c 9.42±0.191d
0.24 66 24±0.074c 13±0.083b 7.37±0.131c
0.12 80 9.0±0.062b 11±0.086b 5.59±0.053b
0.00 89 0.0±0.000a 0.0±0.000a 0.0±0.000a
Note that: each numerical value represents average value +/-standard error of germination rate, germination inhibition rate, hypocotyl growth inhibition rate and fresh weight accumulation inhibition rate of 60 germination seedlings respectively measured under the treatment of distilled water, 0.6% natural capsaicin substance solution, 0.24% natural capsaicin substance solution and 0.12% natural capsaicin substance solution when barnyard grass seeds are cultured for 14d, the lower case letters of the same column data represent p <0.05 significant level, the same letters represent insignificant differences, and the different letters represent significant differences. The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the scope of the invention.

Claims (3)

1. A method for inhibiting weed seed germination by using natural capsaicin aqueous emulsion, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) The natural capsaicinoids are 60% water-soluble natural capsaicinoids;
(2) The method comprises the following steps:
① Pretreating weed seeds;
② Preparing a 60% water-soluble natural capsaicin aqueous emulsion diluent, wherein the concentration content of natural capsaicin in the diluent is 0.6%;
③ Treating and culturing weed seeds by using a 60% aqueous emulsion diluent of water-soluble natural capsaicinoids;
④ Determining agronomic indexes of weed seed germination and seedling growth;
wherein the natural capsaicin aqueous emulsion contains 60% of natural capsaicin, tween 80, medium-carbonic acid glyceride and water, and capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin account for more than 90% of the total natural capsaicin.
2. A method of inhibiting the germination of weed seeds with an aqueous emulsion of natural capsaicinoids as recited in claim 1, wherein said weed seeds of step 1) comprise green bristlegrass, crabgrass and barnyard grass.
3. A method for inhibiting weed seed germination using natural capsaicin aqueous emulsion as set forth in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of:
1) Pretreatment: selecting weed seeds which are complete in development and healthy and full, flushing the weed seeds for 10-20 minutes by tap water, flushing the weed seeds for 3-5 times by distilled water, spreading the washed seeds on water-absorbing filter paper for 5-8 hours, and absorbing and air-drying the water;
2) Preparing a 60% water-soluble natural capsaicin aqueous emulsion diluent: tap water and distilled water are used as diluting solvents, and 60% of water-soluble natural capsaicin aqueous emulsion is diluted into a solution with a certain concentration, wherein the content of natural capsaicin in the solution is 0.6%;
3) Treating and culturing weed seeds by using a 60% aqueous emulsion diluent of water-soluble natural capsaicinoids: selecting 60-100 weed seeds pretreated in the step 1), spreading the weed seeds on 2-3 layers of qualitative filter paper soaked by natural capsaicin substance solution with a certain concentration, placing the weed seeds in a glass culture dish with moderate size, covering the culture dish cover, and placing the weed seeds in a constant temperature incubator with the temperature of 25+/-2 ℃ for culturing in a dark environment;
4) Weed seed germination and seedling growth agronomic index determination: after 14d of cultivation under the condition of the step 3), the germination condition, the embryo axis length and the fresh weight of the weed seeds after being treated by the water-soluble natural capsaicin aqueous emulsion diluent with a certain concentration of 60 percent are measured.
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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101278682A (en) * 2008-05-16 2008-10-08 深圳职业技术学院 Applications of herbicides in preparation of bean pulp
CN103081907A (en) * 2013-02-27 2013-05-08 安徽陆野农化有限责任公司 Capsaicin-containing pesticidal aqueous emulsion and preparation method thereof

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN107439603A (en) * 2017-08-14 2017-12-08 广西鑫雅皇庭园林工程有限责任公司 A kind of ornamental plantation peony herbicide and preparation method thereof
CN108041097A (en) * 2017-12-18 2018-05-18 翟琳 A kind of preparation method of biological pesticide microcapsules
CN110506758A (en) * 2019-10-10 2019-11-29 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 Application of the artemisiifolia essential oil as herbicide

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101278682A (en) * 2008-05-16 2008-10-08 深圳职业技术学院 Applications of herbicides in preparation of bean pulp
CN103081907A (en) * 2013-02-27 2013-05-08 安徽陆野农化有限责任公司 Capsaicin-containing pesticidal aqueous emulsion and preparation method thereof

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