CN111262446A - Multichannel DC-DC converter - Google Patents

Multichannel DC-DC converter Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111262446A
CN111262446A CN202010170065.6A CN202010170065A CN111262446A CN 111262446 A CN111262446 A CN 111262446A CN 202010170065 A CN202010170065 A CN 202010170065A CN 111262446 A CN111262446 A CN 111262446A
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Prior art keywords
conversion unit
power switch
capacitor
channel
unit
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王文博
张国旗
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Shenzhen Third Generation Semiconductor Research Institute
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Shenzhen Third Generation Semiconductor Research Institute
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H02M3/33576—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
    • H02M3/33592—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer having a synchronous rectifier circuit or a synchronous freewheeling circuit at the secondary side of an isolation transformer

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of converters, and particularly provides a multichannel DC-DC converter, which comprises: inputting a power supply; an input stage capacitance unit; a PWM conversion unit; a first transform unit, a second transform unit; an output rectifying unit; the input-stage capacitor unit is connected with the first conversion unit and the PWM conversion unit, the first conversion unit is connected with the PWM conversion unit and the second conversion unit which are connected in series in parallel, and the first conversion unit and the second conversion unit share the same secondary winding output. The invention solves the technical problem of low efficiency of the traditional DC-DC converter, realizes high power density and high efficiency, has an isolation function and meets the requirements of different output voltages.

Description

Multichannel DC-DC converter
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of transformers, in particular to a multichannel DC-DC converter.
Background
Conventionally, a one-stage converter, although having a low circuit complexity and a small number of devices, has a difficulty in achieving a high conversion efficiency and a high regulation capability and a soft switching capability in a wide input voltage range due to limitations of the circuit itself. The multi-stage converter can meet the performance requirements that cannot be realized by part of the one-stage converters. However, in a conventional multi-level converter, as shown in fig. 1, the entire input power is loaded on the PWM converter, and the series connection results in higher power loss. The integrated transformer increases power density and provides isolation for some multi-channel converters, using low voltage devices in each channel. However, all the input power is still processed by the converter of the previous stage, and the efficiency is still low.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above technical problems in the art, the present invention provides a multi-channel DC-DC converter, comprising:
inputting a power supply;
an input stage capacitance unit;
a PWM conversion unit;
a first transform unit, a second transform unit;
an output rectifying unit;
the input-stage capacitor unit is connected with the first conversion unit and the PWM conversion unit, the first conversion unit is connected with the PWM conversion unit and the second conversion unit which are connected in series in parallel, and the first conversion unit and the second conversion unit share the same secondary winding output.
Preferably, the multichannel DC-DC converter outputs a voltage VOThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Figure BDA0002409904110000011
Vin＝V1+V2
V1＝2×VO×n1
V3＝2×VO×n2
Figure BDA0002409904110000021
wherein, VinFor inputting the power supply input voltage, VOFor the output voltage, V, of the multi-channel DC-DC converter1For the first conversion unit input voltage, V2For PWM conversion unit input voltage, V3For the second conversion unit input voltage, n1Is the first conversion unit voltage change rate, n2The voltage change rate of the second conversion unit, and f (d) the voltage change rate of the PWM conversion unit.
Preferably, the input stage capacitance unit comprises a first capacitor connected in seriesContainer C1And a second capacitor C2Said first capacitor C1The second capacitor C is connected with the first conversion unit in parallel2And is connected in parallel with the PWM conversion unit.
Preferably, the first conversion unit comprises a first power switch Q connected in series1And a second power switch Q2Third capacitor Cr1And a first transformer T1Said third capacitance Cr1First terminal and first power switch Q1Source and second power switch Q2Is connected to the drain of the first capacitor C, the second capacitor Cr2A second terminal and the first transformer T1Are connected.
Preferably, the second conversion unit comprises a third power switch Q connected in series3And a fourth power switch Q4Fourth capacitor Cr2And a second transformer T2Said fourth capacitance Cr2First terminal and third power switch Q3Source and fourth power switch Q4Is connected to the drain of the third capacitor Cr2A second terminal and the second transformer T2Are connected.
Preferably, the first transformer comprises a first inductance Lr1Second excitation inductance Lm1A first primary winding coil, a secondary winding coil; the first inductor Lr1A first terminal and the third capacitor Cr1The second end is connected with the first inductor Lr1A second terminal and the second excitation inductor Lm1The first end is connected with the first end of the first primary winding coil, and the second excitation inductor LmlIn parallel with the first primary winding coil; the second excitation inductance Lm1Is equivalent to the excitation inductance of the first primary winding for the transformer.
Preferably, the second transformer comprises a third inductance Lr2A second primary winding coil, a secondary winding coil; the third inductor Lr2A first terminal and the third capacitor Cr2The second end is connected with the fourth inductor Lr2The second terminal is connected to the first terminal of the second primary winding coil.
Preferably, the output rectifying unitComprising a fifth power switch SR1The sixth power switch SR2The fifth power switch SR1Is connected to a first end of the secondary winding coil, and the sixth power switch SR2Is connected to the second end of the secondary winding coil, and the fifth power switch SR1Source and sixth power switch SR2Are connected.
Preferably, by controlling the first power switch Q1A second power switch Q2, a third power switch Q3Fourth power switch Q4And the switch is synchronously switched on and switched off, and the output voltage of the first conversion unit is controlled to be consistent with the output voltage of the second conversion unit in phase.
Preferably, by controlling the first power switch Q1Second power switch Q2Third power switch Q3Fourth power switch Q4And the switch phase delay is used for controlling the phases of the output voltage of the first conversion unit and the output voltage of the second conversion unit to obtain the output voltage of the multi-phase combined multi-channel DC-DC converter.
According to the invention, the input power of the input power supply is shared by a plurality of converters, and the output mode of the same secondary winding is shared by a plurality of primary windings, so that the efficiency of the converters is improved; the technical problem that the traditional DC-DC converter is low in efficiency is solved, the multichannel DC-DC converter with the integrated transformer and the isolation function is realized, the power density is high, and different output voltage requirements are met.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a prior art DC-DC converter;
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a two-stage multi-channel DC-DC converter provided in the first embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a two-stage multi-channel DC-DC converter provided in the first embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a state diagram of a two-stage multi-channel DC-DC converter provided in the first embodiment;
fig. 5 is an equivalent circuit diagram of each state of the two-stage multi-channel DC-DC converter provided in the first embodiment.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
Example one
The present embodiment provides a two-stage multi-channel DC-DC converter, as shown in FIGS. 2-5, comprising
Inputting a power supply; an input stage capacitance unit; a PWM conversion unit; a first transform unit, a second transform unit; an output rectifying unit; the input-stage capacitor unit is connected with the first conversion unit and the PWM conversion unit, the first conversion unit is connected with the PWM conversion unit and the second conversion unit which are connected in series in parallel, and the first conversion unit and the second conversion unit share the same secondary winding output.
The input stage capacitance unit includes: first capacitors C connected in series1And a second capacitor C2Said first capacitor C1The second capacitor C is connected with the first conversion unit in parallel2And is connected in parallel with the PWM conversion unit.
The first transform unit includes: first power switch Q connected in series1And a second power switch Q2Third capacitor Cr1And a first transformer T1Said third capacitance Cr1First terminal and first power switch Q1Source and second power switch Q2Is connected to the drain of the first capacitor C, the second capacitor Cr2A second terminal and the first transformer T1Are connected. The first transformer comprises a first inductance Lr1Second excitation inductance LmlA first primary winding coil, a secondary winding coil; the first inductor Lr1A first terminal and the third capacitor Cr1The second end is connected with the first inductor Lr1A second terminal and the second excitation inductor Lm1The first end is connected with the first end of the first primary winding coil, and the second excitation inductor Lm1And firstThe primary winding coils are connected in parallel; the second excitation inductance Lm1Is equivalent to the excitation inductance of the first primary winding for the transformer.
The second transform unit includes: third power switch Q connected in series3And a fourth power switch Q4Fourth capacitor Cr2And a second transformer T2Said fourth capacitance Cr2First terminal and third power switch Q3Source and fourth power switch Q4Is connected to the drain of the third capacitor Cr2The second terminal is connected to the second transformer T2. The second transformer comprises a third inductor Lr2A second primary winding coil, a secondary winding coil; the third inductor Lr2A first terminal and the third capacitor Cr2The second end is connected with the fourth inductor Lr2The second terminal is connected to the first terminal of the second primary winding coil.
The output rectifying unit includes: fifth power switch SR1The sixth power switch SR2The fifth power switch SR1Is connected to a first end of the secondary winding coil, and the sixth power switch SR2Is connected to the second end of the secondary winding coil, and the fifth power switch SR1Source and sixth power switch SR2Are connected.
The PWM conversion unit includes: fifth power switch Q5Sixth power switch Q6A third inductor L, a fifth capacitor C, and the fifth power switch Q5And the second capacitor C2Positive pole connected, the fifth power switch Q5And the sixth power switch Q6Is connected to the drain of the sixth power switch Q6Source and cathode of fifth capacitor C, the fourth power switch Q4The source electrode is connected with the second end of the second primary winding coil, and the anode of the fifth capacitor C is connected with the second capacitor C2Negative pole, the third power switch Q3Are connected.
Output voltage V of two-stage multi-channel DC-DC converter0The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Vin＝V1+V2
V1＝2×VO×n1
V3＝2×VO×n2
Figure BDA0002409904110000051
Figure BDA0002409904110000052
wherein, VinFor inputting the power supply input voltage, VOFor the output voltage, V, of the multi-channel DC-DC converter1For the first conversion unit input voltage, V2For PWM conversion unit input voltage, V3For the second conversion unit input voltage, n1Is the first conversion unit voltage change rate, n2The voltage change rate of the second conversion unit, and f (d) the voltage change rate of the PWM conversion unit.
By controlling the first power switch Q1Second power switch Q2Third power switch Q3Fourth power switch Q4The switch is switched on and off synchronously, and the phase of the output voltage of the first conversion unit is controlled to be consistent with that of the output voltage of the second conversion unit; by controlling the first power switch Q1Second power switch Q2Third power switch Q3Fourth power switch Q4And the switch phase delay is used for controlling the phases of the output voltage of the first conversion unit and the output voltage of the second conversion unit to obtain the output voltage of the multi-phase combined multi-channel DC-DC converter.
The multi-channel DC-DC converter output voltage operating mode is shown in fig. 4-5.
Stage 1 (t)0＜t＜t1): the equivalent circuit diagram is shown in FIG. 5(a), at t0Time of day, resonant current ir1And ir2From the excitation current imIs released. At the same time, Q1And Q2To achieve ZVS soft switching, SR2And conducting. The exciting current im increases linearly, and the input power is distributed and transmitted by the first conversion unit and the second conversion unitTo the load.
Stage 2 (t)1＜t＜t2): the equivalent circuit diagram is shown in FIG. 5(b), at t1At the moment, the resonance of the two DC transformers stops, Q1And Q3Off, imIs equal to ir1And ir2. During the dead time, no power is transferred and the load is powered by the capacitor. The exciting inductor adds resonance to help the resonant current pair (Q)1，Q3And SR2) And charging the parasitic capacitance of (Q) and2，Q4and SR1) Until time t2。
Stage 3 (t)2＜t＜t3): the equivalent circuit structure is shown in fig. 5 (c). At t2Time, Q2And Q4Achieving ZVS soft switching, SR1Is turned on while Lr1And Cr1，Lr2And Cr2Resonance begins. This time period is at imIs equal to ir1And ir2At time t3And (6) ending.
Stage 4 (t)3＜t＜t4): the equivalent circuit is shown in FIG. 5(d), the stage is similar to stage 2, Q2And Q4At t3Is turned off at all times, and at the same time, imAnd ir1And ir2The crossover, the magnetizing inductance, begins to resonate, and no power is transferred to the load.
The total efficiency η of the multi-channel DC-DC converter output voltage provided by this embodiment is:
Figure BDA0002409904110000061
where η is the overall efficiency of the overall system, η1For first conversion Unit efficiency, η2For second conversion unit efficiency, ηPWMFor PWM conversion unit efficiency, V1For the first conversion unit input voltage, V2For PWM conversion unit input voltage, VinThe input voltage is the input power supply.
The embodiment solves the technical problem of low power density caused by adopting a plurality of discrete transformers in the merging stage of the traditional multichannel DC-DC converter, provides the multichannel DC-DC converter with the integrated transformer and the isolation function, has high power density and high efficiency, and meets the requirements of different output voltages.
The above-mentioned embodiments, objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention are further described in detail, it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only examples of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A multi-channel DC-DC converter, comprising:
inputting a power supply;
an input stage capacitance unit;
a PWM conversion unit;
a first transform unit, a second transform unit;
an output rectifying unit;
the input-stage capacitor unit is connected with the first conversion unit and the PWM conversion unit, the first conversion unit is connected with the PWM conversion unit and the second conversion unit which are connected in series in parallel, and the first conversion unit and the second conversion unit share the same secondary winding output.
2. The multi-channel DC-DC converter according to claim 1, wherein the multi-channel DC-DC converter outputs a voltage VOThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Figure FDA0002409904100000011
Vin＝V1+V2
V1＝2×VO×n1
V3＝2×VO×n2
Figure FDA0002409904100000012
wherein, VinFor inputting the power supply input voltage, VOFor the output voltage, V, of the multi-channel DC-DC converter1For the first conversion unit input voltage, V2For PWM conversion unit input voltage, V3For the second conversion unit input voltage, n1Is the first conversion unit voltage change rate, n2The voltage change rate of the second conversion unit, and f (d) the voltage change rate of the PWM conversion unit.
3. The multi-channel DC-DC converter according to claim 1, wherein the input stage capacitive unit comprises a first capacitor C connected in series1And a second capacitor C2Said first capacitor C1The second capacitor C is connected with the first conversion unit in parallel2And is connected in parallel with the PWM conversion unit.
4. The multi-channel DC-DC converter according to claim 1, wherein the first conversion unit comprises a first power switch Q connected in series1And a second power switch Q2Third capacitor Cr1And a first transformer T1Said third capacitance Cr1First terminal and first power switch Q1Source and second power switch Q2Is connected to the drain of the first capacitor C, the second capacitor Cr2A second terminal and the first transformer T1Are connected.
5. The multi-channel DC-DC converter according to claim 1, wherein the second conversion unit comprises a third power switch Q connected in series3And a fourth power switch Q4Fourth capacitor Cr2And a second transformer T2Said fourth capacitance Cr2First terminal and third power switch Q3Source and fourth power switch Q4Is connected to the drain of the third capacitor Cr2Second terminal and the second transformerT2Are connected.
6. The multi-channel DC-DC converter according to claim 4, wherein the first transformer comprises a first inductance Lr1Second excitation inductance Lm1A first primary winding coil, a secondary winding coil; the first inductor LrlA first terminal and the third capacitor CrlThe second end is connected with the first inductor Lr1A second terminal and the second excitation inductor Lm1The first end is connected with the first end of the first primary winding coil, and the second excitation inductor Lm1In parallel with the first primary winding coil; the second excitation inductance Lm1Is equivalent to the excitation inductance of the first primary winding for the transformer.
7. The multi-channel DC-DC converter according to claim 5, wherein the second transformer includes a third inductance Lr2A second primary winding coil, a secondary winding coil; the third inductor Lr2A first terminal and the third capacitor Cr2The second end is connected with the fourth inductor Lr2The second terminal is connected to the first terminal of the second primary winding coil.
8. The multi-channel DC-DC converter according to claims 1-7, characterized in that the output rectifying unit comprises a fifth power switch SR1The sixth power switch SR2The fifth power switch SR1Is connected to a first end of the secondary winding coil, and the sixth power switch SR2Is connected to the second end of the secondary winding coil, and the fifth power switch SR1Source and sixth power switch SR2Are connected.
9. Multi-channel DC-DC converter according to claims 1-8, characterized in that the Q-factor is controlled by controlling the first power switch1Second power switch Q2Third power switch Q3Fourth power switch Q4The switch is synchronously switched on and off to control the output of the first conversion unitThe voltage is in phase with the output voltage of the second conversion unit.
10. Multi-channel DC-DC converter according to claims 1-8, characterized in that the Q-factor is controlled by controlling the first power switch1Second power switch Q2Third power switch Q3Fourth power switch Q4And the switch phase delay is used for controlling the phases of the output voltage of the first conversion unit and the output voltage of the second conversion unit to obtain the output voltage of the multi-phase combined multi-channel DC-DC converter.
CN202010170065.6A 2020-03-13 2020-03-13 Multichannel DC-DC converter Pending CN111262446A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112421962A (en) * 2020-11-03 2021-02-26 深圳第三代半导体研究院 Two-stage DC-DC converter with partial power regulation function

Citations (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101257255A (en) * 2007-12-25 2008-09-03 南京航空航天大学 Topological magnetic integrated converter suitable for LLC resonance series
CN107276418A (en) * 2017-08-14 2017-10-20 深圳市保益新能电气有限公司 A kind of wide scope Sofe Switch DC transfer circuit and its control method
US20180198375A1 (en) * 2017-01-11 2018-07-12 Texas Instruments Incorporated Llc resonant frequency auto detection
US20180294732A1 (en) * 2017-04-05 2018-10-11 Futurewei Technologies, Inc. Isolated partial power processing power converters
CN208353221U (en) * 2018-05-30 2019-01-08 武汉永力科技股份有限公司 A kind of LLC resonance DC/DC power inverter

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101257255A (en) * 2007-12-25 2008-09-03 南京航空航天大学 Topological magnetic integrated converter suitable for LLC resonance series
US20180198375A1 (en) * 2017-01-11 2018-07-12 Texas Instruments Incorporated Llc resonant frequency auto detection
US20180294732A1 (en) * 2017-04-05 2018-10-11 Futurewei Technologies, Inc. Isolated partial power processing power converters
CN107276418A (en) * 2017-08-14 2017-10-20 深圳市保益新能电气有限公司 A kind of wide scope Sofe Switch DC transfer circuit and its control method
CN208353221U (en) * 2018-05-30 2019-01-08 武汉永力科技股份有限公司 A kind of LLC resonance DC/DC power inverter

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112421962A (en) * 2020-11-03 2021-02-26 深圳第三代半导体研究院 Two-stage DC-DC converter with partial power regulation function

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Application publication date: 20200609