CN111262285A - Battery management system and method thereof - Google Patents
Battery management system and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111262285A CN111262285A CN201811466515.5A CN201811466515A CN111262285A CN 111262285 A CN111262285 A CN 111262285A CN 201811466515 A CN201811466515 A CN 201811466515A CN 111262285 A CN111262285 A CN 111262285A
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- batteries
- battery
- control circuit
- battery pack
- module
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
- H02J7/0019—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries using switched or multiplexed charge circuits
Abstract
The invention discloses a battery management system and a method thereof, which can individually manage batteries of different levels in a battery pack, reduce charging current to avoid over-saturation charging when any battery reaches saturation, stop charging immediately after set charging electric quantity is reached, avoid over-saturation charging without balancing charging, and avoid damaging the service life of the battery.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a battery management system and method, and more particularly, to a battery management system and method.
Background
Generally, the conventional battery management system can provide safety protection items including over-voltage protection during charging, over-current protection during charging, over-temperature protection during discharging, over-temperature protection during charging, and time protection during charging. When the battery management system performs the charging overvoltage protection, the battery management system may activate the protection mechanism when the voltage exceeds a voltage threshold during charging of the battery, such as turning off a charging switch of the battery, and deactivate the protection mechanism when the voltage drops below the voltage threshold.
With the high development of electronic technology, high-voltage series battery packs have been widely used in the fields of electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, industrial backup batteries, and the like. The present management system of lithium battery, regardless of the charging state or the discharging state, measures the voltage between the positive and negative terminals of the battery, and the voltage between the two terminals is the sum of the voltage corresponding to the electromotive force of the battery and the voltage drop generated in the internal resistance of the battery when the current flows, so the voltage measured between the positive and negative terminals of the battery is affected by the magnitude of the current used in the measurement, regardless of the current used by the energy storage device or the vehicle changing at any time, but the present management system measures the voltage of each battery in a sequential measurement manner, and does not measure the voltage of each point in the same time, especially when the lithium iron battery is used, the voltage is reduced by less than 10% from the full load to the voltage by 90%, and the minimum difference change of the corresponding current is usually more than 10 times, therefore, the voltage drop change generated on the internal resistance of the battery by the current change amount is reflected to be more than several times of the electromotive force change generated by the battery electric quantity difference, so that the current voltage monitoring cannot accurately measure the battery condition under the condition of the battery electric quantity change.
Furthermore, in the conventional battery management system, if one (or more) batteries are fully charged during charging or discharging, the charging balance function is activated to cut off the power supply after the other batteries are fully charged, and these balance devices have to consume a large amount of energy if the battery management of the small-power battery pack is required to be fully full, so that the battery management system of a portable computer or a notebook computer (the load change is not large when the power is about 100 watts) has a low influence, but the power of the battery used by the energy storage device or the vehicle exceeds several kilowatts, and if the battery requirement is fully met, the battery management system needs a very high power value, so that the cost of the battery management system is high and the volume of the battery management system is greatly increased, which results in large heat generation, and therefore, the current products on the market are difficult to adapt to and meet the requirement of the large power, and in addition, in the using process, as long as the battery with smaller electric quantity stored in the battery pack is discharged, the whole battery pack can not be used continuously, so a large amount of energy is wasted during charging, and the battery can not be charged more.
In addition, the high voltage battery used in the electric vehicle or the hybrid electric vehicle is a battery pack formed by connecting a plurality of batteries in series, and the high voltage is obtained by connecting the batteries in series, so that a balancing module or a monitoring module is arranged for each battery, which causes the battery management system to need a large-area circuit to arrange a plurality of balancing modules or monitoring modules for monitoring each level of battery, and thus the conventional battery management system will cause the increase of the circuit area and the increase of the circuit complexity.
Therefore, the circuit architecture of the conventional battery management system is not easy to accurately judge the over-charge and over-discharge condition of the battery pack, and the circuit is complex, and consumes large energy to generate high heat when the balance function is started, so that a large heat dissipation device is needed, otherwise, the failure rate is high, the cost of the conventional battery management system is high, and more energy is wasted in the charge and discharge process, and in addition, under the condition of inaccurate battery state measurement, the marginal time of the battery in high-voltage charge or over-discharge is prolonged, so that the service life of the battery is shortened.
In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a battery management system and method thereof, wherein a battery pack is provided with a plurality of wheatstone bridges connected in parallel to a single monitoring circuit, so that each level of the battery pack can be separately monitored, and the load of the monitoring circuit is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
An objective of the present invention is to provide a battery management system, wherein each battery in a battery pack is independently monitored by a wheatstone bridge, and according to the monitoring result, when any battery reaches saturation, the charging current is reduced to avoid over-saturation charging, and when the set charging capacity is reached, the charging is stopped immediately, and no balance charging is performed to avoid over-saturation charging, thereby avoiding damage to the battery life.
In order to achieve the above objective, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a battery management system, which includes at least one battery module, at least one reference resistor module, at least one control circuit, and a display control device. The battery module is divided into a first battery set and a second battery set according to a first reference point of the control circuit, the first battery set comprises a plurality of first batteries, the second battery set comprises a plurality of second batteries, and a first reference point of the control circuit is connected between the first battery set and the second battery set, the reference resistance module is connected to one end of the first battery pack and one end of the second battery pack, and the reference resistance module is connected to a second reference point of the control circuit, so that the first battery pack, the second battery pack and the reference resistance module form a plurality of Wheatstone bridges, therefore, the Wheatstone bridges are connected in parallel to the control circuit, the control circuit is further connected to the display control device, and the display control device controls the first batteries and the second batteries according to the detection results of the electrical properties of the first batteries and the second batteries. The voltage drops generated by different currents on the internal resistance of the batteries of the battery packs are mutually offset by measuring the battery packs through the Wheatstone bridges, so that the measurement result is not interfered, the battery states of the battery packs are accurately measured, the charging and discharging of the batteries are managed, and the charging is closed under the state that the batteries are fully charged, so that the over-saturation charging of the batteries is avoided.
In one embodiment, the first batteries and the second batteries are connected in series, and the control circuit is connected in parallel with the first batteries and the second batteries.
The present invention provides an embodiment, further comprising a current measuring unit connected in series with the at least one battery module for measuring a current of the at least one battery module.
The present invention provides an embodiment, further comprising a current measuring unit, connected in series with the at least one battery module, for measuring a current of the at least one battery module; and the charge and discharge switch is electrically connected with the at least one control circuit and the display control device so as to control the charge and discharge of the first batteries and the second batteries through the control circuit according to the current of the at least one battery module and the electrical properties of the first batteries and the second batteries.
The present invention provides an embodiment, wherein the control circuit is a single chip (MCU) or an application integrated circuit (APIC).
In one embodiment, the electrical property of the first batteries and the second batteries is the voltage or the current of the first batteries and the second batteries.
The present invention provides an embodiment, wherein the reference resistor module includes a first reference resistor and a second reference resistor, one end of the first reference resistor and one end of the second reference resistor are connected to the second reference point, and the other end of the first reference resistor and the other end of the second reference resistor are respectively connected to the first battery pack and the second battery pack.
Another embodiment of the present invention discloses a method for battery management, comprising the steps of: a control circuit for detecting the electrical property of a battery module through a plurality of Wheatstone bridges; and adjusting the electric quantity balance of the battery module according to a detection result of the electric property of the battery module, wherein the battery module comprises a first battery pack and a second battery pack, the first battery pack comprises a plurality of first batteries, the second battery pack comprises a plurality of second batteries, a first reference point of the control circuit is connected between the first battery pack and the second battery pack, the Wheatstone bridges are connected with the first batteries and the second batteries in parallel to the control circuit, the control circuit controls the charging and discharging of the first batteries and the second batteries according to the Wheatstone bridges, and controls at least one of the first batteries and the second batteries to be closed after the electric quantity is saturated. The voltage drops generated by different currents on the internal resistance of the batteries of the battery packs are mutually offset by measuring the battery packs through the Wheatstone bridges, so that the measurement result is not interfered, the battery states of the battery packs are accurately measured, and the charging and discharging of the batteries are managed to avoid the over-saturation charging of the batteries.
In another embodiment, the method further includes measuring a current of the battery module; and controlling the charging and discharging of the battery module according to the current of the battery module.
In another embodiment, the electrical property of the battery module is the voltage or current of the battery module.
Drawings
FIG. 1: which is a system diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2: which is a flow chart of an embodiment of the present invention; and
FIG. 3: which is a system diagram of another embodiment of the present invention.
[ brief description of the drawings ]
10 Battery management system
12 cell module
122 first battery pack
122a first battery
124 second battery pack
124a second battery
14 reference resistance module
142 first resistance
144 second resistance
16 control circuit
Ref1 first reference point
Ref2 second reference point
18 display control device
20 current measuring unit
22 charge and discharge switch
30 battery management system
32 cell module
322 first battery pack
322a first battery
322r first internal resistance
324 second battery pack
324a second battery
324r second internal resistance
34 reference resistance module
342 first resistance
344 second resistor
36 control circuit
38 display control device
40 current measuring unit
42 charge and discharge control unit
cell1 first energy storage cell
cell2 second energy storage unit
R1 first reference point
R2 second reference point
Detailed Description
In order to provide a further understanding and appreciation for the structural features and advantages achieved by the present invention, the following detailed description of the presently preferred embodiments is provided:
hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail by illustrating various embodiments thereof with the aid of the drawings. The inventive concept may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the exemplary embodiments set forth herein.
The invention provides a battery management method for breaking the problem that each battery in the traditional battery module is provided with a control circuit for detecting the electrical property of the battery, so that a user can switch the detected battery through a Wheatstone bridge by a single control circuit.
First, please refer to fig. 1, which is a system diagram according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown, the battery management system 10 of the present invention includes a battery module 12, a reference resistor module 14, a control circuit 16 and a display control device 18. The battery module 12 includes a first battery pack 122 and a second battery pack 124, the first battery pack 122 includes a plurality of first energy storage cells 1, the first energy storage cells 1 include a first battery 122a and a first internal resistance 122r, the second battery pack 124 includes a plurality of second energy storage cells 2, and the second energy storage cells 2 include a second battery 124a and a second internal resistance 124 r. The reference resistor module 14 includes a first resistor 142 and a second resistor 144. The control circuit 16 has a first reference point (V0' pin) Ref1 and a second reference point (V0 pin) R2, the first reference point Ref1 is connected between the first battery pack 122 and the second battery pack 124, the second reference point Ref2 is connected to the reference resistor module 14, and further, the second reference point Ref2 is connected between the first resistor 142 and the second resistor 144.
The display control device 18 is electrically connected to the control circuit 16, and displays that the control circuit 16 detects the electrical properties of the first batteries 122a and the second batteries 124a and sets the charging and discharging of at least one of the first batteries 122a and the second batteries 124a according to the electrical properties of the first batteries 122a and the second batteries 124 a. In addition, the control circuit 16 is connected in parallel to the first batteries 122a and the second batteries 124a, and thus forms a plurality of wheatstone bridges by matching the first resistor 142 and the second resistor 144 according to the first reference point Ref1 and the second reference point Ref2, and the internal resistances (the first internal resistance 122r and the second internal resistance 124r) of the first batteries 122a and the second batteries 124 a. The voltage drops generated by different currents on the internal resistance of the batteries are mutually offset by measuring the batteries through the Wheatstone bridges, so that the measurement result is not interfered, and the battery states of the batteries are accurately measured
The battery management system 10 further includes a current measuring unit 20 and a charge/discharge switch 22, the current measuring unit 20 is connected in series with the battery module 12, that is, the current measuring unit 20 is connected in series with the first batteries 122a and the second batteries 124a, and the first internal resistors 122r and the second internal resistors 124r to obtain the current of the battery module 12, wherein the current measuring unit 20 may be a coulometer, and the charge/discharge degrees of the first batteries 122a and the second batteries 124a of the battery pack 12 are monitored by the current measuring unit 20. The charge/discharge switch 22 is connected to the control circuit 16 and the display control device 18, so as to control the bypass of the first batteries 122a and the second batteries 124a via the control circuit 16 according to the current of the battery module 12, the setting of the display control device 18, and the electrical properties of the first energy storage cells 1 and the second energy storage cells 2, for example, a charge/discharge Signal is generated to the control circuit 16, so as to bypass the batteries with the energy storage amount exceeding 90% when the energy storage amount of one of the first batteries 122a and the second batteries 124a is fully loaded or nearly fully loaded (the energy storage amount exceeds 90%), thereby preventing the batteries from being over-saturated.
The control circuit 16 of the present embodiment is exemplified by a single chip (MCU), and besides, the control circuit 16 may be an application integrated circuit (APIC); the electrical property of the first batteries 122a and the second batteries 124a is the voltage or current of the first batteries 122a and the second batteries 124 a. In addition to the first batteries 122a and the second batteries 124a connected in series by 4 batteries providing 12 volts, the first batteries 122a and the second batteries 124a connected in series by 8 batteries in this embodiment can provide 24 volts. In addition, the first batteries 122a are respectively electrically connected to a first internal resistor 122r, and the first batteries 124a are respectively connected to the second internal resistor 124 r.
First, please refer to fig. 2, which is a flowchart illustrating an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the method for battery management of the present invention comprises the steps of:
step S1, a control circuit detects the electrical property of a battery module through a plurality of Wheatstone bridges; and
step S3, adjusting the power balance of the first batteries and the second batteries according to a detection result of the electrical property of the battery module.
The flow of an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to fig. 1 and fig. 2.
In step S1, referring to fig. 1, since the battery module 12 includes a first battery pack 122 and a second battery pack 124, the first battery pack 122 includes a plurality of first energy storage cells 1, the first energy storage cells 1 respectively include a first battery 122a and a first internal resistance 122r, the second battery pack 124 includes a plurality of second energy storage cells 2, and the second energy storage cells 1 respectively include a second battery 124a and a second internal resistance 124 r. The reference resistor module 14 includes a first resistor 142 and a second resistor 144, and the control circuit 16 is connected in parallel to the first battery 122a and the second battery 124a, so that the first resistor 142 and the second resistor 144 are collocated according to the first reference point Ref1 and the second reference point Ref2, and the internal resistors (the first internal resistor 122r and the second internal resistor 124r) of the first battery 122a and the second battery 124a, thereby forming a plurality of wheatstone bridges. Therefore, the control circuit 16 measures the electrical properties of the first battery 122a and the second battery 124a through the wheatstone bridges, that is, measures the first battery 122a, the second battery 124a and the internal resistances (the first internal resistance 122r and the second internal resistance 124r) thereof, and matches the voltage and the current measured by the first resistance 142 and the second resistance 144.
In step S3, referring to fig. 1, the control circuit transmits the electrical property detection result in step S1 to the display control device, sets the control circuit 16 and the charge/discharge switch 22, and displays the electrical property detection result in step S1, for example: the electrical property detection result of the charge and discharge switch 22 in step S1 is set to indicate that the power storage capacity of one of the first battery 122a and the second battery 124a is lower than 10%, and the battery is immediately charged, or that the power storage capacity of one of the first battery 122a and the second battery 124a exceeds 90%, and the power storage capacity of the other of the first battery 122a and the second battery 124a is still lower than 70%, so as to immediately bypass the battery with 90% of the power storage capacity. Through the control of the charging and discharging, the overload of the stored energy of one of the first battery 122a or the second battery 124a is avoided.
Please refer to fig. 3, which is a system diagram illustrating another embodiment of the present invention. As shown, the battery management system 30 of the present invention includes a plurality of battery modules 32, a plurality of reference resistor modules 34, a plurality of control circuits 36, a display control device 38, a current detection unit 40, and a current measurement unit 42. The connection relationship among the battery modules 32, the reference resistor modules 34, and the control circuits 36 is already described in the previous embodiment, and therefore, the description thereof is omitted here.
The display control device 38 further sets the charging between the battery modules 32 and bypasses the battery in the state of charge saturation, in addition to the individual setting control circuit 36. In the battery modules 32, each battery module 32 has a first battery pack 322 and a second battery pack 324, the first battery pack 322 has a plurality of first energy storage cells 1, the first energy storage cells 1 has a first battery 322a and a first internal resistor 322r, the second battery pack 324 has a plurality of second energy storage cells 2, and the second energy storage cells 2 have a second battery 324a and a second internal resistor 324 r. The control circuits 36 can respectively control the battery modules 32, the control circuits 36 can also be controlled by a single control circuit 36, and the control circuits 36 respectively monitor the electrical properties of each first energy storage cell1 and each second energy storage cell 2.
In the above embodiments, a balance system is not adopted, so that the energy consumption of the whole system is greatly reduced, and the cost for building the system is also greatly reduced, and the system can be applied to high-power battery applications, such as energy storage devices and vehicle batteries. Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the control circuit can be made by the low voltage semiconductor circuit, and can be applied to high voltage application by series connection, so as to reduce the number of high voltage semiconductor circuits, thereby reducing the cost, and providing a battery management system with higher stability, higher detection sensitivity and higher efficiency.
In summary, the present invention provides a battery management system and method thereof, which measure the states of each battery through a wheatstone bridge manner, so that voltage drops generated by different currents on the internal resistance of the battery can cancel each other out, and the measurement result is not easily interfered, thereby accurately measuring the states of the battery. The control circuit of the invention can adopt a lower voltage module, and when the high voltage is applied, the low voltage module can be used only by connecting the low voltage module in series, thereby reducing the use of high voltage semiconductors, reducing the application cost, improving the efficiency and stability and improving the monitoring sensitivity.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, which is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A battery management system, comprising:
at least one battery module, which comprises a first battery pack and a second battery pack, wherein the first battery pack comprises a plurality of first batteries, and the second battery pack comprises a plurality of second batteries;
at least one reference resistance module which is respectively connected with one end of the first battery pack and one end of the second battery pack;
at least one control circuit, a first reference point of which is connected between the first battery pack and the second battery pack and between the first batteries and between the second batteries, and a second reference point of which is connected with the reference resistance module; and
the display control device is electrically connected with the control circuit, displays the electrical property of the control circuit for detecting the electrical property of the first batteries and the second batteries and sets the charging and discharging of at least one of the first batteries and the second batteries according to the electrical property of the first batteries and the second batteries;
the internal resistance of the first batteries and the second batteries and the reference resistance module form a plurality of Wheatstone bridges to be electrically connected to the control circuit, and the control circuit respectively detects the electrical property of the first batteries and the second batteries according to the Wheatstone bridges.
2. The battery management system of claim 1, wherein the first batteries and the second batteries are connected in series, and the control circuit connects the first batteries and the second batteries in parallel.
3. The battery management system of claim 1, further comprising:
and the current measuring unit is connected with the at least one battery module in series and measures the current of the at least one battery module.
4. The battery management system of claim 1, further comprising:
a current measuring unit, which is connected in series with the at least one battery module and measures the current of the at least one battery module; and
and the charge and discharge switch is electrically connected with the at least one control circuit and the display control device so as to control the charge and discharge of the first batteries and the second batteries through the control circuit according to the current of the at least one battery module and the electrical properties of the first batteries and the second batteries.
5. The battery management system of claim 1, wherein the control circuit is a single chip (MCU) or an application integrated circuit (APIC).
6. The battery management system according to claim 1, wherein the electrical property of the first batteries and the second batteries is the voltage or current of the first batteries and the second batteries.
7. The battery management system of claim 1, wherein the reference resistor module comprises a first reference resistor and a second reference resistor, one end of the first reference resistor and one end of the second reference resistor are connected to the second reference point, and the other end of the first reference resistor and the other end of the second reference resistor are respectively connected to the first battery pack and the second battery pack.
8. A method for managing a battery, comprising the steps of:
a control circuit detects a battery module through a plurality of Wheatstone bridges, the battery module comprises a first battery pack and a second battery pack, the first battery pack comprises a plurality of first batteries, the second battery pack comprises a plurality of second batteries, a first reference point of the control circuit is connected between the first battery pack and the second battery pack, and the Wheatstone bridges are connected with the first batteries and the second batteries in parallel to the control circuit; and
controlling at least one bypass of the first batteries and the second batteries according to a detection result of the battery module;
the control circuit controls the charging and discharging of the first batteries and the second batteries according to the Wheatstone bridges.
9. The battery management method of claim 8, further comprising the steps of:
measuring the current of the battery module; and
and controlling the charging and discharging of the battery module according to the current of the battery module.
10. The battery management method according to claim 8, wherein the electrical property of the battery module is a voltage or a current of the battery module.
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| CN201811466515.5A CN111262285B (en) | 2018-12-03 | 2018-12-03 | Battery management system and method thereof |
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| CN201811466515.5A CN111262285B (en) | 2018-12-03 | 2018-12-03 | Battery management system and method thereof |
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| CN111262285A true CN111262285A (en) | 2020-06-09 |
| CN111262285B CN111262285B (en) | 2022-02-18 |
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