CN111258338A - Real-time linkage control system for polarizer and antenna - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of plasma heating, and particularly relates to a polarizer and antenna real-time linkage control system which comprises a control part and a linkage part, wherein the linkage part consists of a linear polarizer, an elliptical polarizer, a focusing mirror, a rotary plane mirror and a servo motor, and the focusing mirror and the rotary plane mirror form an antenna plane mirror; the control part consists of a central controller, two reflective memory cards, two main controllers, two Ethernet switches, two PLC boards and two controllers; the microwave polarization characteristic is changed in real time through linkage of the polarizer and the antenna, so that the coupling efficiency of the electron cyclotron waves and the plasma is ensured, and the diagnostic equipment is prevented from being damaged. The control from the central control signal to the real-time linkage of the polarizer and the antenna is realized through the reflection memory card, the main controller, the Ethernet switch, the PLC and the controller, the high-efficiency and accurate remote control can be carried out under the complex experimental environment, the structure is simple, the reaction speed is high, the control precision is high, and the system is stable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of plasma heating, and particularly relates to a control system for real-time linkage of a polarizer and an antenna.
Background
In nuclear fusion research, electron cyclotron resonance heating is an important heating and regulating means in controlled magnetic confinement nuclear fusion, has the characteristics of good accessibility, high heating efficiency and good localization, and has the functions of mainly starting plasma, controlling current profile, inhibiting new and classical tearing membranes, driving current and the like. In order to realize the above functions by using the system, the injection angle of the electron cyclotron wave is required to be changed in real time according to experimental requirements, and the newly developed microwave transmitting antenna has the function. However, as the injection angle of the microwave is changed, there is a problem that the coupling mode purity is lowered, resulting in a reduction in the coupling efficiency of the wave and the plasma. The electron cyclotron resonance heating system generally adopts a dual-polarizer to realize arbitrary polarization on microwaves so as to improve the coupling efficiency of the waves and plasmas.
The conventional control of the polarizer mainly controls the rotation angle of the polarizer in a manual mode, the polarizer cannot be linked with an antenna in real time during an experiment, once the angle of the antenna changes, the polarizer cannot be linked with the antenna, the coupling efficiency of microwaves in plasma is low, the heating or driving effect is reduced, and the microwaves which cannot be absorbed can be transmitted to the edge of a device to damage diagnostic equipment and the like, so that serious consequences are generated. According to the requirement of real-time inhibition of a new classic tear film experiment, once a tear film is diagnosed, microwaves must be transmitted to the center of the tear film to accurately inhibit the tear film, and in order to improve the inhibition efficiency and reduce the possibility of damage of the microwaves to diagnosis equipment, a polarizer must be linked with an antenna in real time. Due to the fact that plasma discharge time is short, and the precision requirement of a microwave power deposition position is high, the experimental requirement is required to be met in the aspects of operation time, reaction speed, control precision, remote control and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a real-time linkage control system for a polarizer and an antenna, which can control the polarizer and the antenna to carry out real-time linkage and meet the requirements on operation time, reaction speed, control precision and the like.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a real-time linkage control system of a polarizer and an antenna comprises a control part and a linkage part, wherein the linkage part consists of a linear polarizer, an elliptical polarizer, a focusing mirror, a rotary plane mirror and a servo motor, wherein the focusing mirror and the rotary plane mirror form an antenna plane mirror;
the linear polarizer is arranged in the microwave transmitting direction, the microwave direction is changed by the linear polarizer, the elliptical polarizer is arranged in the changed microwave direction, the microwave direction is changed again and transmitted to the focusing mirror, the microwave direction is reflected to the rotating plane mirror through the mirror surface and is transmitted to the plasma through the rotating plane mirror, and the rotating direction of the rotating plane is controlled by the servo motor;
the control part consists of a central controller, two reflective memory cards, two main controllers, two Ethernet switches, two PLC boards and two controllers;
in the control part, the reflection memory card, the main controller, the Ethernet switch, the PLC board and the controller form two control loops with the same structure, and the two control loops are respectively connected with the central controller;
controllers on the two control loops, namely a first controller and a second controller, wherein the first controller controls the rotation of the rotary plane mirror by controlling the servo motor, and the second controller controls the rotation angles of the elliptical polarizer and the linear polarizer;
the PLC boards on the two control loops, the first PLC and the second PLC respectively send rotation commands to the first controller and the second controller according to the set rotation parameters of the servo motor and the rotation angle signals of the rotary plane mirror and the polarizer respectively received;
the main controllers on the two control loops, namely the first main controller and the second main controller, are used for receiving a central control instruction;
the Ethernet switches on the two control loops, namely a first Ethernet switch and a second Ethernet switch, are used for realizing that the corresponding first main controller and the corresponding second main controller respectively send the remote transmission of the real-time rotation angle of the rotating plane mirror and the dual-polarization device;
the reflective memory cards on the two control loops are a first reflective memory card and a second reflective memory card, and are used for real-time optical fiber signal transmission between the central controller and the first main controller and between the central controller and the second main controller respectively.
The first main controller is used for completing the calculation of the real-time rotation angle of the rotating plane mirror and sending a real-time rotation angle signal and a motor starting signal to the first PLC module; the second main controller is used for completing calculation of the real-time rotation angle of the dual-polarization device and sending a real-time rotation angle signal to the second PLC module.
The real-time rotation angle calculation method of the dual-polarizer comprises the following steps:
3.1) for any angle m within (001800) which can be rotated by the linear polarizer, any angle n within (001800) which can be rotated by the elliptical polarizer corresponds to the angle m;
3.2) by theoretical calculation of 3240000 combinations, a 1800X 1800 two-dimensional matrix can be obtained, wherein the ith row and the jth column elements in the matrix are ηijForm representation, ηijIndicating the coupling efficiency η of the wave in the plasma when the elliptical polarizer is rotated to an angle of i-1 and the linear polarizer is rotated to an angle of j-1;
3.3) finding the maximum η among all the coupling efficienciesijAnd returns the maximum efficiency ηijThe corresponding angle i-1 of the elliptical polarizer and the angle j-1 of the linear polarizer, wherein the angles i-1 and j-1 are the angles to which the elliptical polarizer and the linear polarizer need to rotate respectively;
3.4) if there are multiple identical maxima η in all coupling efficienciesijThen, it is necessary to determine which maximum value to select;
3.5) let the current angle of the elliptical polarizer be icCurrent angle of linear polarizer is jcAll maximum values ηijThe distance between the angle i-1 of the corresponding elliptical polarizer and the angle j-1 of the linear polarizer and the current angle of the elliptical polarizer and the linear polarizer is S
And in all S values, taking the angle i-1 of the elliptical polarizer corresponding to the minimum value, wherein the angle j-1 of the linear polarizer is the angle to which the elliptical polarizer and the linear polarizer need to rotate respectively.
The communication time from the signal sending of the central controller to the signal receiving of the transmitting memory card is controlled to be 0-50 micro seconds.
The real-time control mode time of the first main controller is less than 10 microseconds, and the real-time control mode time of the second main controller is less than 10 milliseconds.
The first main controller and the second main controller send real-time rotation angles to the rotating plane mirror and the dual-polarizer through a Modbus TCP/IP protocol, and transmission time of a remote communication unit formed based on an Ethernet switch and a Mobdus TCP/IP protocol is within 40 milliseconds.
The first controller controls the rotation precision of the antenna plane mirror to be 0.146 degrees, and the second controller controls the rotation precision of the polarizer to be 0.1 degrees
The invention has the following remarkable effects: the microwave polarization characteristic is changed in real time through linkage of the polarizer and the antenna, so that the coupling efficiency of the electron cyclotron waves and the plasma is ensured, and the diagnostic equipment is prevented from being damaged. The control from the central control signal to the real-time linkage of the polarizer and the antenna is realized through the reflection memory card, the main controller, the Ethernet switch, the PLC and the controller, the high-efficiency and accurate remote control can be carried out under the complex experimental environment, the structure is simple, the reaction speed is high, the control precision is high, and the system is stable.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a real-time linkage control system for a polarizer and an antenna;
fig. 2 is a control flow chart.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1, a real-time linkage control system for a polarizer and an antenna, a control part comprises a central controller, two reflective memory cards, two main controllers, two ethernet switches, two PLC boards, and two controllers; the linkage part consists of a linear polarizer, an elliptical polarizer, a focusing mirror, a rotary plane mirror and a servo motor, wherein the focusing mirror and the rotary plane mirror form an antenna plane mirror.
The linear polarizer is installed in the microwave transmitting direction, the microwave direction is changed by the linear polarizer, the elliptical polarizer is installed in the changed microwave direction, the microwave direction is changed again and transmitted to the focusing mirror, reflected to the rotating plane mirror through the mirror surface and transmitted to the plasma through the rotating plane mirror. The rotation direction of the rotation plane is controlled by a servo motor.
The control part comprises a central controller and two control loops respectively connected with the central controller, and each control loop comprises a reflection memory card, a main controller, an Ethernet switch, a PLC board and a controller which are sequentially connected with the central controller.
The controller on the two control loops is a first controller and a second controller, the first controller controls the rotation of the rotary plane mirror by controlling the servo motor, and the second controller controls the rotation angles of the elliptical polarizer and the linear polarizer.
The PLC boards on the two control loops, the first PLC and the second PLC respectively send rotation commands to the first controller and the second controller according to the set rotation parameters of the servo motor and the rotation angle signals of the rotary plane mirror and the polarizer respectively received;
the Ethernet switches on the two control loops, namely the first Ethernet switch and the second Ethernet switch, are used for realizing the remote transmission of the real-time rotation angle which is sent to the rotary plane mirror and the dual-polarization device (the elliptical polarization device and the linear polarization device) by the corresponding first main controller and the corresponding second main controller through a Modbus TCP/IP protocol;
and the main controllers on the two control loops, namely the first main controller and the second main controller, are used for receiving the central control instruction.
The first main controller is used for completing the calculation of the real-time rotation angle of the rotating plane mirror and sending a real-time rotation angle signal and a motor starting signal to the first PLC module; the second main controller is used for completing the calculation of the real-time rotation angle of the dual-polarization device and sending a real-time rotation angle signal to the second PLC module,
the real-time rotation angle of the dual-polarization device (elliptical polarization device and linear polarization device) is calculated by the following method.
The incident microwave is reflected by the dual-polarization device to obtain a reflected wave (E)xrEyr) With incident wave (E)xiEyi) The relationship of (1) is:
wherein ξ 1 ═ tan-1(tanΦ1cosθ)，
Parameter representing linear polarizer, ξ2＝tan-1(tanΦ2cosθ)，
Parameter representing elliptical polarizer, phi1Is the rotation angle of the linear polarizer, phi2Is the rotation angle of the elliptical polarizer, theta is the microwave incidence angle,
and
the zero-order diffraction coefficients of the TE polarized wave and the TM polarized wave are respectively, the horizontal direction is the X-axis direction, and the vertical direction is the Y-axis direction.
When the incident wave reaches the plasma boundary, the wave mainly comprises two parts of an X mode and an O mode, and the electric fields of the two parts are respectively ExAnd EoTo indicate. If the wave incident into the plasma contains only ExIt means that all the power of the incident wave is coupled in the X-mode, and that, for the same reason, the wave incident into the plasma contains only EoIt indicates that all the power of the incident wave is coupled in the O-mode.
According to the dispersion theory of cold plasma, determining the electric field component E of incident wavepRatio relationship in both X-axis and Y-axis directionsThe method comprises the following steps:
where ψ is the wavevector
And a magnetic field
The included angle between the two parts is included,
ωceis the electron cyclotron resonance frequency, meIs the mass of the electrons, e is the charge amount of the electrons, and f is the frequency of the microwave.
In the case of microwave coupling in plasma, ExAnd EoThe ratio occupied can be expressed as:
after being incident into the plasma, the microwave is coupled into an X mode and an O mode, wherein the ratio relation of the X mode and the O mode is as follows:
as can be seen from the above expression, (E)xrEyr) Determined by the dual-polarization device, (K)XKo) Is determined by the magnetic field intensity B of the plasma boundary and the included angle x between the wave vector k of the incident wave and the magnetic field intensity B. And the included angle x is determined by the incident angle of the incident wave
To be determined.
Corresponds to each one
The angle of rotation of the dual-polarization device, which is the real-time rotation angle of the dual-polarization device (elliptical polarization device and linear polarization device), can be calculated under the condition of obtaining the maximum purity of the injection mold.
Whether the microwave and the plasma can be efficiently coupled is related to the strength of the plasma magnetic field, the incident angle of the antenna and the matching degree of the polarization characteristics of the microwave. The plasma experiment is guided by physical requirements, so the physical requirements determine the magnetic field strength of the plasma and the incident angle of the antenna. In order to ensure that the microwave can be efficiently coupled with the plasma, a strategy of actively matching the polarization characteristic of the microwave with the magnetic field intensity and the incident angle of an antenna is adopted.
And calculating the relation between the coupling efficiency of the wave in the plasma and the rotation angles of the linear polarizer and the elliptical polarizer according to the received magnetic field intensity of the plasma and the incident angle of the antenna.
1) For any angle m within the range of (0 degrees 180 degrees) of the rotatable angle of the linear polarizer, any angle n within the range of (0 degrees 180 degrees) of the rotatable angle of the elliptical polarizer corresponds to the angle m.
The rotational angle accuracy of the linear polarizer and the elliptical polarizer was 0.1 °, and the total combination of all (m n) was 1800 × 1800 — 3240000, i.e., 3240000 coupling efficiency values.
2) By theoretical calculation of 3240000 combinations, a 1800X 1800 two-dimensional matrix can be obtained, the ith row and the jth column elements in the matrix are ηijForm representation ηijIndicating that the elliptical polarizer is rotated to an angle of i-1 and the linear polarizer is rotated to an angle of j-1 angle the coupling efficiency η of the wave in the plasma.
3) Finding the maximum η among all of these coupling efficienciesijAnd returns the maximum efficiency ηijThe corresponding angle i-1 of the elliptical circular polarizer and the angle j-1 of the linear polarizer are the angles to which the elliptical polarizer and the linear polarizer need to rotate respectively.
4) If there are multiple identical maxima η in all coupling efficienciesijThen a determination needs to be made as to which maximum η to selectij。
5) Let the current angle of the elliptical polarizer be icCurrent angle of linear polarizer is jcAll maximum values ηijThe distance between the corresponding angle i-1 of the elliptical polarizer and the angle j-1 of the linear polarizer and the current angle of the elliptical polarizer and the linear polarizer is S, which is defined as follows:
and in all S values, the angle i-1 of the elliptical polarizer corresponding to the minimum S value is taken, and the angle j-1 of the linear polarizer is the angle to which the elliptical polarizer and the linear polarizer need to rotate respectively.
The reflective memory cards on the two control loops, namely the first reflective memory card and the second reflective memory card, are used for real-time optical fiber signal transmission between the central controller and the first main controller and between the central controller and the second main controller respectively;
the communication time from the signal sending of the central controller to the signal receiving of the transmitting memory card is controlled to be 0-50 micro seconds.
The real-time control mode time of the first main controller is less than 10 microseconds, and the real-time control mode time of the second main controller is less than 10 milliseconds.
The transmission time of the remote communication unit formed based on the Ethernet switch and the Mobdus TCP/IP protocol is within 40 milliseconds;
the first controller controls the rotation precision of the antenna plane mirror to be 0.146 degrees, and the second controller controls the rotation precision of the polarizer to be 0.1 degrees
The signal sent by the central controller comprises a plasma boundary poloidal magnetic field, a poloidal magnetic field at a magnetic axis, a toroidal magnetic field of a plasma boundary, a Tokamak large radius position, a large radius size of a calculation area, a minimum radial position, a poloidal magnetic flux lattice point, a toroidal magnetic field lattice point and a plasma density.
The time for sending a signal from the central controller to the rotating flat mirrors and the dual-polarization to reach the designated position is less than 250 milliseconds.
The control work flow of the control system for real-time linkage of the polarizer and the antenna is described with reference to fig. 2.
After the central controller processes the plasma diagnosis information, the information is simultaneously sent to the first main controller and the second main controller through the first reflection memory card and the second transmission memory card. The first main controller runs a real-time wave track program according to the information, calculates the angle of the antenna plane mirror needing to rotate, then transmits the incident angle to the first PLC through the first Ethernet, the first PLC calculates the motor rotation parameters and transmits the motor rotation parameters to the first controller, and the first controller controls the servo motor to rotate to drive the plane mirror to reach the designated position; meanwhile, the second main controller runs a real-time wave track program and a wave and plasma coupling program according to the information, calculates the angle of the polarizer to be rotated, then transmits the angle to the second PLC through the second Ethernet, the second PLC calculates the motor rotation parameters and sends the motor rotation parameters to the second controller, and the second controller drives the linear polarizer and the elliptical polarizer to rotate to the designated angle.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a real-time coordinated control system of polarizer and antenna, includes control part and linkage part, its characterized in that:
the linkage part consists of a linear polarizer, an elliptical polarizer, a focusing mirror, a rotary plane mirror and a servo motor, wherein the focusing mirror and the rotary plane mirror form an antenna plane mirror;
the linear polarizer is arranged in the microwave transmitting direction, the microwave direction is changed by the linear polarizer, the elliptical polarizer is arranged in the changed microwave direction, the microwave direction is changed again and transmitted to the focusing mirror, the microwave is reflected to the rotating plane mirror through the mirror surface and is transmitted to the plasma through the rotating plane mirror, and the rotating direction of the rotating plane is controlled by the servo motor;
the control part consists of a central controller, two reflective memory cards, two main controllers, two Ethernet switches, two PLC boards and two controllers;
in the control part, the reflection memory card, the main controller, the Ethernet switch, the PLC board and the controller form two control loops with the same structure, and the two control loops are respectively connected with the central controller;
controllers on the two control loops, namely a first controller and a second controller, wherein the first controller controls the rotation of the rotary plane mirror by controlling the servo motor, and the second controller controls the rotation angles of the elliptical polarizer and the linear polarizer;
the PLC boards on the two control loops, the first PLC and the second PLC respectively send rotation commands to the first controller and the second controller according to the set rotation parameters of the servo motor and the rotation angle signals of the rotary plane mirror and the polarizer respectively received;
the main controllers on the two control loops, namely the first main controller and the second main controller, are used for receiving a central control instruction;
the Ethernet switches on the two control loops, namely the first Ethernet switch and the second Ethernet switch, are used for realizing that the corresponding first main controller and the corresponding second main controller respectively send the remote transmission of the real-time rotation angle of the rotating plane mirror and the dual-polarization device;
the reflective memory cards on the two control loops are a first reflective memory card and a second reflective memory card, and are used for real-time optical fiber signal transmission between the central controller and the first main controller and between the central controller and the second main controller respectively.
2. The real-time linkage control system of the polarizer and the antenna according to claim 1, wherein: the first main controller is used for completing the calculation of the real-time rotation angle of the rotating plane mirror and sending a real-time rotation angle signal and a motor starting signal to the first PLC module; the second main controller is used for completing calculation of the real-time rotation angle of the dual-polarization device and sending a real-time rotation angle signal to the second PLC module.
3. The real-time linkage control system of the polarizer and the antenna according to claim 1, wherein the real-time rotation angle calculation method of the dual polarizer is as follows:
3.1) for any angle m within the rotatable angle range (0 degrees 180 degrees) of the linear polarizer, any angle n within the rotatable angle range (0 degrees 180 degrees) of the elliptical polarizer corresponds to the angle m;
3.2) by theoretical calculation of 3240000 combinations, a 1800X 1800 two-dimensional matrix can be obtained, wherein the ith row and the jth column elements in the matrix are ηijForm representation, ηijIndicating the coupling efficiency η of the wave in the plasma when the elliptical polarizer is rotated to an angle of i-1 and the linear polarizer is rotated to an angle of j-1;
3.3) finding the maximum η among all the coupling efficienciesijAnd returns the maximum efficiency ηijThe corresponding angle i-1 of the elliptical polarizer and the angle j-1 of the linear polarizer, wherein the angles i-1 and j-1 are the angles to which the elliptical polarizer and the linear polarizer need to rotate respectively;
3.4) if there are multiple identical maxima η in all coupling efficienciesijThen, it is necessary to determine which maximum value to select;
3.5) let the current angle of the elliptical polarizer be icCurrent angle of linear polarizer is jcAll maximum values ηijThe distance between the angle i-1 of the corresponding elliptical polarizer and the angle j-1 of the linear polarizer and the current angles of the elliptical polarizer and the linear polarizer is S
And in all S values, taking the angle i-1 of the elliptical polarizer corresponding to the minimum value, wherein the angle j-1 of the linear polarizer is the angle to which the elliptical polarizer and the linear polarizer need to rotate respectively.
4. The real-time linkage control system of the polarizer and the antenna according to claim 1, wherein: the communication time from the signal sending of the central controller to the signal receiving of the transmitting memory card is controlled to be 0-50 microseconds.
5. The real-time linkage control system of the polarizer and the antenna according to claim 1, wherein: the real-time control mode time of the first main controller is less than 10 microseconds, and the real-time control mode time of the second main controller is less than 10 milliseconds.
6. The real-time linkage control system of the polarizer and the antenna according to claim 1, wherein: the first main controller and the second main controller send real-time rotation angles of the rotary plane mirror and the dual-polarization device through a Modbus TCP/IP protocol, and transmission time of a remote communication unit formed on the basis of an Ethernet switch and a Mobdus TCP/IP protocol is within 40 milliseconds.
7. The real-time linkage control system of the polarizer and the antenna according to claim 1, wherein: the first controller controls the rotation precision of the antenna plane mirror to be 0.146 degrees, and the second controller controls the rotation precision of the polarizer to be 0.1 degrees.
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