CN111258269B - Numerical control machine tool - Google Patents

Numerical control machine tool Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111258269B
CN111258269B CN202010106749.XA CN202010106749A CN111258269B CN 111258269 B CN111258269 B CN 111258269B CN 202010106749 A CN202010106749 A CN 202010106749A CN 111258269 B CN111258269 B CN 111258269B
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point
projection
axis
numerical control
parameter
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CN111258269A (en
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王庆宏
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Guangzhou Deli Cnc Equipment Co ltd
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Guangzhou Deli Cnc Equipment Co ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
    • G05B19/406—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by monitoring or safety
    • G05B19/4065—Monitoring tool breakage, life or condition
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/01—Frames, beds, pillars or like members; Arrangement of ways
    • B23Q1/015—Frames, beds, pillars
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
    • B23Q11/0042—Devices for removing chips
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
    • B23Q17/24—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools using optics or electromagnetic waves
    • B23Q17/2452—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools using optics or electromagnetic waves for measuring features or for detecting a condition of machine parts, tools or workpieces
    • B23Q17/2471—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools using optics or electromagnetic waves for measuring features or for detecting a condition of machine parts, tools or workpieces of workpieces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
    • B23Q3/155—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30—Nc systems
    • G05B2219/37—Measurements
    • G05B2219/37616—Use same monitoring tools to monitor tool and workpiece

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Numerical Control (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a numerical control machine tool which comprises a control system, wherein the control system comprises a photographing unit, a comparison unit, a cutter input unit and a calling unit; the device comprises a photographing unit, a processing center and a control unit, wherein the photographing unit is used for acquiring information of a to-be-processed product, photographing the to-be-processed product in the processing center to acquire size information and material information of the to-be-processed product, and calculating a preset chip falling track of the to-be-processed product according to the size information and the material information; the photographing unit generates a parameter matrix alpha; the photographic unit stores the shape of the finished product after processing, the photographic unit compares the shape of the finished product with the shape of the product to be processed to generate preset parameters based on an X axis, a Y axis and a Z axis, and the preset parameters and the cutting feed position information are combined to form a parameter matrix alpha.

Description

Numerical control machine tool
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of numerical control machines, in particular to a numerical control machine.
Background
At present, in the field of numerical control machine tools, machining centers are produced in large scale and serve various industries, in a movable column type aluminum profile machining center, machine types produced by various large manufacturers are of a back open type design structure, a metal plate can be added on the back to enclose the whole machine to achieve the purpose of preventing cutting scraps, the back open type structure design cannot well protect and collect scraps flying out in the cutting process, the front side cannot fly out of the machine due to door blocking, but a closed shielding environment cannot be formed between the back of a machine tool and the front side, the scraps cause difficulty in cleaning, heavy scraps can run into a gap between a guide rail and a sliding block or a gap between a screw rod and a nut to cause serious machine tool accidents, the broken scraps which are seriously flown out can fly out of the unshielded place to hurt production personnel and production enterprises, the loss is large. In the other machines, although the back of the machine is surrounded by a metal plate, the machine is not easy to clean, a large amount of residue scraps are distributed on the machine body, a large amount of time is needed for cleaning, and time and labor are wasted, and the machine cannot be cleaned; to this end, the present invention provides a numerically controlled machine tool to at least partially solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In this summary, concepts in a simplified form are introduced that are further described in the detailed description section. This summary of the invention is not intended to identify key features or essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended to be used as an aid in determining the scope of the claimed subject matter.
In order to overcome the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a numerical control machine tool, which comprises a control system, wherein the control system comprises a photographing unit, a comparison unit, a cutter input unit and a calling unit;
the device comprises a photographing unit, a processing center and a control unit, wherein the photographing unit is used for acquiring information of a to-be-processed product, photographing the to-be-processed product in the processing center to acquire size information and material information of the to-be-processed product, and calculating a preset chip falling track of the to-be-processed product according to the size information and the material information; the photographing unit generates a parameter matrix alpha; the photographic unit is used for comparing the shape of the finished product with the shape of the product to be processed to generate preset parameters based on an X axis, a Y axis and a Z axis, and the preset parameters and the cutting feed position information are combined to form a parameter matrix alpha;
the tool recording unit is used for storing information of tools and comprises material information, hardness information and machining precision information of each tool in the tool magazine; the cutter recording unit generates a cutter using sequence by combining the parameter matrix alpha and the cutter information; the tool recording unit assigns the tool using sequence to a parameter matrix alpha;
the comparison unit comprises a processor and a mobile chassis, and the processor generates a calling matrix D according to the parameter matrix alpha and prestored data; the calling unit controls the calling condition of the cutter and the movement of the movable chassis according to the calling matrix D;
the transmission system comprises a nut transmission mechanism, the nut transmission mechanism comprises a servo motor, a servo motor seat, a belt pulley, a belt, a screw rod fixing seat, a nut seat and a rotating nut, the belt pulley is installed on an output shaft of the servo motor, the servo motor is fixedly installed on the servo motor seat, the servo motor seat is fastened on the saddle through screws, the nut seat is fastened on the bottom surface of the saddle through screws, the rotating nut is movably installed in the nut seat in a nested state, the belt pulley is connected with the belt pulley through the belt, the belt pulley is fastened on the rotating nut, the screw rod penetrates through the rotating nut and is respectively fastened on the screw rod fixing seats at the two ends of the base, the screw rod fixing seats are fastened on the base through screws, when the servo motor rotates, the belt pulley moves synchronously, so that the belt pulley is driven by the belt to move synchronously.
Further, the photographing unit includes a photograph acquiring part, a photograph cutting part, and a photograph collating part; the photo collecting part comprises a camera and an auxiliary light source device; the camera is arranged on the automatic door, when the automatic door is closed, the camera starts to work, and the camera collects pictures of the to-be-processed product; the camera shooting unit further comprises a brightness sensor, the brightness sensor is arranged on the base and used for detecting real-time brightness L' near the to-be-processed product; the brightness sensor is electrically connected with the auxiliary light source equipment, the auxiliary light source equipment stores standard brightness L, and if the real-time brightness is smaller than the standard brightness L, the auxiliary light source equipment is turned on to ensure that the camera takes pictures under the premise of the standard brightness L.
Further, the photo cutting part cuts the photo to identify the position information of the to-be-processed product needing to be fed; the photo comparison part is pre-stored with the shape of the finished product, and generates preset parameters based on an X axis, a Y axis and a Z axis according to the shape of the finished product.
Further, the preset parameter is pn(Δx mΔym Δzmk) (ii) a In the vector expression, the subscript m represents the number of a point on the workpiece to be processed, and Δ x represents the pointThe distance difference between the projection on the X axis before processing and the projection on the X axis after processing, delta Y represents the distance difference between the projection on the Y axis before processing and the projection on the Y axis after processing, delta Z represents the distance difference between the projection on the Z axis before processing and the projection on the Z axis after processing, and k represents a feed parameter, wherein when the distance difference between the projection on the coordinate axis before processing and the projection on the coordinate axis after processing is a negative number, the preset parameter value is less than 0, when the distance difference between the projection on the coordinate axis before processing and the projection on the coordinate axis after processing is a positive number, the preset parameter value is greater than 0, and when the distance difference between the projection on the coordinate axis before processing and the projection on the coordinate axis after processing is 0, the preset parameter value is equal to 0.
Furthermore, the picture comparison part stores the cutting position information, and the picture comparison part combines the cutting position information to preset parameter pnCarrying out assignment, wherein when the point is a non-feed point, a feed parameter k is equal to 0, and when the point is a feed point, the feed parameter k is not equal to 0; the parameter matrix is alpha (p)1 T p2 T pn T)。
Further, the using sequence of the cutter is determined by the rotating speed of the numerical control machine tool, the hardness of the cutter, the hardness of the to-be-processed product and a preset parameter pnAnd the distance that can fly.
Further, the flying distance is determined by the size of the moving chassis, the placing position of the workpiece to be processed and the movable distance of the moving chassis in the numerical control machine tool; flying distance lnThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows: lm＝(x1m+x2m)(Y1m+Y2m) (ii) a In the formula, the subscript m represents the number of a certain point on the workpiece to be processed, x1mRepresents the linear distance between the projection of the point on the moving chassis and the nearest adjacent edge of the moving chassis in the X-axis direction when the moving chassis is fixed at the preset position, X2mRepresents the minimum distance of the point in the moving chassis that can move in the X-axis direction in the numerical control machine tool when the moving chassis is fixed at a preset position; y is1mWhen the movable chassis is fixed at a preset position, the projection of the point on the movable chassis represents the linear distance between the projection of the point and the nearest adjacent edge of the movable chassis in the Y-axis direction, and Y is2mWhen the movable chassis is fixed at a preset position, the minimum distance of the point, which can move along the Y-axis direction in the numerical control machine tool, of the movable chassis is represented.
Further, the intermediate variable ε is calculated as follows: e 24.12 (har)n－har0)R/13.9lm(ii) a In the formula, harnRepresenting the hardness of the tool, har0Representing the hardness of the workpiece to be machined, and R represents the rotating speed of the numerical control machine tool; the higher the intermediate variable epsilon of each feed point to be machined, the smaller the value of the feed parameter k of the feed point is, and the more forward the use sequence of the cutter is.
Further, the calling matrix is D (n x)2l Y2l) N in the matrix representing the number of said tool, x2lRepresenting the distance of the moving chassis which needs to move along the X-axis direction in the numerical control machine tool when the cutter with the number n is used; y is2lRepresenting the distance of the moving chassis which needs to move along the Y-axis direction in the numerical control machine tool when the cutter with the number n is used; x is the number of2l＝x2m－xp；Y2l＝Y2m－Yp(ii) a In the formula, xpRepresents the offset of the movable chassis in the X-axis direction from a preset position, YpAnd the offset of the moving chassis in the Y-axis direction from the preset position is represented.
Furthermore, the numerical control machine comprises a base, a movable upright post mechanism, the automatic door, the control system, the movable chassis and a chip removal machine, wherein the movable upright post mechanism is positioned on the base and is in sliding connection with the base; the moving upright post mechanism is provided with a disc type tool magazine.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the control system comprises a photographing unit, a comparison unit, a cutter input unit and a calling unit; the device comprises a photographing unit, a processing center and a control unit, wherein the photographing unit is used for acquiring information of a to-be-processed product, photographing the to-be-processed product in the processing center to acquire size information and material information of the to-be-processed product, and calculating a preset chip falling track of the to-be-processed product according to the size information and the material information; the photographing unit generates a parameter matrix alpha; the photographic unit is used for comparing the shape of the finished product with the shape of the product to be processed to generate preset parameters based on an X axis, a Y axis and a Z axis, and the preset parameters and the cutting feed position information are combined to form a parameter matrix alpha; the tool recording unit is used for storing information of tools and comprises material information, hardness information and machining precision information of each tool in the tool magazine; the cutter recording unit generates a cutter using sequence by combining the parameter matrix alpha and the cutter information; the tool recording unit assigns the tool using sequence to a parameter matrix alpha; the comparison unit comprises a processor and a mobile chassis, and the processor generates a calling matrix D according to the parameter matrix alpha and prestored data; and the calling unit controls the calling condition of the tool and the movement of the movable chassis according to the calling matrix D.
Furthermore, the numerical control machine tool can well collect the machined and cut chips, so that the safety and smoothness of the sliding part of the machine tool are ensured; the scraps can not splash outside the machine, so that the area for placing the machine is kept clean and tidy; because of adopting the design of full enclosure, the whole machine has beautiful and elegant appearance; the control system, the driver and the like are all integrated on the machine, so that the transportation is convenient and the occupied area is saved; the supporting sliding part of the protective cover adopts a roller design with a bearing for preventing the machine tool from being blocked, thereby providing safety guarantee for the machine tool protective cover with long stroke, not only playing a role of protection, but also playing a role of preventing the machine tool protective cover from being blocked; the movable upright post of the whole machine tool is enclosed in the shell metal plate, so that the machine tool can be dustproof and pollution-proof, and can prevent accidents caused by people such as children getting close to the machine tool, and the safety is ensured; the servo motor seat of the saddle is positioned in the saddle, and under the condition of the same volume and the same stroke, the volume of the external body is obviously reduced compared with the motor seat positioned outside the saddle; compared with the existing machine type with the same stroke, the machine type is more attractive in appearance, smaller in occupied area, safer, tidier and cleaner, and the problem that the protective cover is difficult to install in an ultra-long stroke movable column type machining center is solved.
Drawings
In order that the advantages of the invention will be readily understood, a more particular description of the invention briefly described above will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments that are illustrated in the appended drawings. Understanding that these drawings depict only typical embodiments of the invention and are not therefore to be considered to be limiting of its scope, the invention will be described and explained with additional specificity and detail through the use of the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of an embodiment of the numerically controlled machine tool according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a partial structure of the numerically controlled machine tool according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is another partial structural view of the numerically controlled machine tool according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a control system of a numerically controlled machine tool according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a more thorough understanding of the present invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art, that embodiments of the invention may be practiced without one or more of these specific details. In other instances, well-known features have not been described in detail so as not to obscure the embodiments of the invention.
In the following description, a detailed structure will be presented for a thorough understanding of embodiments of the invention. It is apparent that the implementation of the embodiments of the present invention is not limited to the specific details familiar to those skilled in the art. The following detailed description of preferred embodiments of the invention, however, the invention is capable of other embodiments in addition to those detailed.
In the description of the present invention, the terms "inside", "outside", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are for convenience only to describe the present invention without requiring the present invention to be necessarily constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the present invention provides a numerical control machine tool, which includes a control system and a transmission system;
the transmission system comprises a nut transmission mechanism 1, the nut transmission mechanism 1 comprises a servo motor 2, a servo motor base 3, a belt pulley 4, a belt pulley 5, a belt 6, a screw rod fixing base, a nut base 10 and a rotating nut 11, the belt pulley 4 is installed on an output shaft of the servo motor 2, the servo motor 2 is fixedly installed on the servo motor base 3, the servo motor base 3 is fixedly fastened on a saddle 9 through screws, the nut base 10 is fixedly fastened on the bottom surface of the saddle 9 through screws, the rotating nut 11 is movably installed in the nut base 10 in a nested state, the belt pulley 4 is connected with the belt pulley 5 through the belt 6, the belt pulley 5 is fixedly fastened on the rotating nut 11, the screw rod penetrates through the rotating nut 11 and is respectively fastened on the screw rod fixing bases at two ends of the base, the screw rod fixing bases are fastened on the base through screws, when, Thereby driving the pulley 5 to move synchronously via the belt 6. The belt pulley 6 can be a synchronous belt, a chain and a soft steel sheet as a transmission medium, and the servo motor 2 can be a servo motor or a stepping motor.
The control system comprises a photographing unit, a comparison unit, a cutter input unit and a calling unit; the device comprises a photographing unit, a processing center and a control unit, wherein the photographing unit is used for acquiring information of a to-be-processed product, photographing the to-be-processed product in the processing center to acquire size information and material information of the to-be-processed product, and calculating a preset chip falling track of the to-be-processed product according to the size information and the material information; the photographing unit generates a parameter matrix alpha; the photographic unit is used for comparing the shape of the finished product with the shape of the product to be processed to generate preset parameters based on an X axis, a Y axis and a Z axis, and the preset parameters and the cutting feed position information are combined to form a parameter matrix alpha;
the tool recording unit is used for storing information of tools and comprises material information, hardness information and machining precision information of each tool in the tool magazine; the cutter recording unit generates a cutter using sequence by combining the parameter matrix alpha and the cutter information; the tool recording unit assigns the tool using sequence to a parameter matrix alpha;
the comparison unit comprises a processor and a mobile chassis, and the processor generates a calling matrix D according to the parameter matrix alpha and prestored data; and the calling unit controls the calling condition of the tool and the movement of the movable chassis according to the calling matrix D.
Specifically, the photographing unit includes a photograph acquiring section, a photograph cutting section, and a photograph collating section; the photo collecting part comprises a camera and an auxiliary light source device; the camera is arranged on the automatic door, when the automatic door is closed, the camera starts to work, and the camera collects pictures of the to-be-processed product; the camera shooting unit further comprises a brightness sensor, the brightness sensor is arranged on the base and used for detecting real-time brightness L' near the to-be-processed product; the brightness sensor is electrically connected with the auxiliary light source equipment, the auxiliary light source equipment stores standard brightness L, and if the real-time brightness is smaller than the standard brightness L, the auxiliary light source equipment is turned on to ensure that the camera takes pictures under the premise of the standard brightness L.
Specifically, the photo segmentation part segments the photo to identify the position information of the to-be-processed product, which needs to be fed; the photo comparison part is pre-stored with the shape of the finished product, and generates preset parameters based on an X axis, a Y axis and a Z axis according to the shape of the finished product.
Specifically, the preset parameter is pn(Δxm Δym Δzmk) (ii) a In the vector expression, a subscript m represents the number of a point on a workpiece to be processed, Δ X represents the difference between the projection of the point on the X axis before processing and the projection of the point on the X axis after processing, Δ Y represents the difference between the projection of the point on the Y axis before processing and the projection of the point on the Y axis after processing, and Δ Z represents the difference between the projection of the point on the Z axis before processingAnd k represents a feed parameter, wherein when a value of a distance difference between a projection of a point on the coordinate axis before machining and a projection of the point on the coordinate axis after machining is a negative number, the preset parameter value is less than 0, when a value of a distance difference between a projection of the point on the coordinate axis before machining and a projection of the point on the coordinate axis after machining is a positive number, the preset parameter value is greater than 0, and when a value of a distance difference between a projection of the point on the coordinate axis before machining and a projection of the point on the coordinate axis after machining is 0, the preset parameter value is equal to 0.
Specifically, the photo comparison unit stores the cutting position information, and the photo comparison unit combines the cutting position information with the preset parameter pnCarrying out assignment, wherein when the point is a non-feed point, a feed parameter k is equal to 0, and when the point is a feed point, the feed parameter k is not equal to 0; the parameter matrix is alpha (p)1 T p2 T pn T)。
Specifically, the using sequence of the cutter is determined by the rotating speed of the numerical control machine tool, the hardness of the cutter, the hardness of the to-be-processed product and a preset parameter pnAnd the distance that can fly.
Specifically, the flying distance is determined by the size of the moving chassis, the placing position of the workpiece to be processed and the movable distance of the moving chassis in the numerical control machine tool; flying distance lnThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows: lm＝(x1m+x2m)(Y1m+Y2m) (ii) a In the formula, the subscript m represents the number of a certain point on the workpiece to be processed, x1mRepresents the linear distance between the projection of the point on the moving chassis and the nearest adjacent edge of the moving chassis in the X-axis direction when the moving chassis is fixed at the preset position, X2mRepresents the minimum distance of the point in the moving chassis that can move in the X-axis direction in the numerical control machine tool when the moving chassis is fixed at a preset position; y is1mWhen the movable chassis is fixed at a preset position, the projection of the point on the movable chassis represents the linear distance between the projection of the point and the nearest adjacent edge of the movable chassis in the Y-axis direction, and Y is2mWhen the movable chassis is fixedThe preset position represents the minimum distance of the point in the moving chassis, which can move along the Y-axis direction in the numerical control machine tool.
Specifically, the intermediate variable ε is calculated as follows: e 24.12 (har)n－har0)R/13.9lm(ii) a In the formula, harnRepresenting the hardness of the tool, har0Representing the hardness of the workpiece to be machined, and R represents the rotating speed of the numerical control machine tool; the higher the intermediate variable epsilon of each feed point to be machined, the smaller the value of the feed parameter k of the feed point is, and the more forward the use sequence of the cutter is.
Specifically, the call matrix is D (n x)2l Y2l) N in the matrix representing the number of said tool, x2lRepresenting the distance of the moving chassis which needs to move along the X-axis direction in the numerical control machine tool when the cutter with the number n is used; y is2lRepresenting the distance of the moving chassis which needs to move along the Y-axis direction in the numerical control machine tool when the cutter with the number n is used; x is the number of2l＝x2m－xp；Y2l＝Y2m－Yp(ii) a In the formula, xpRepresents the offset of the movable chassis in the X-axis direction from a preset position, YpAnd the offset of the moving chassis in the Y-axis direction from the preset position is represented.
Specifically, the numerical control machine further comprises a base, a moving upright post mechanism, the automatic door, the control system, the moving chassis and a chip removal machine, wherein the moving upright post mechanism is positioned on the base and is in sliding connection, the moving chassis is positioned on the base and is in sliding connection, the automatic door is positioned right in front of the base and is installed in sliding connection, and the chip removal machine is positioned below the base; the moving upright post mechanism is provided with a disc type tool magazine.
In some embodiments of the invention, the comparison unit compares the received information of the to-be-processed product with the cutter information stored in the cutter recording unit, so as to perform priority numbering on each cutter stored in the cutter recording unit; the calling unit calls the cutters in sequence according to the priority numbers of the cutters.
Specifically, the tool selection matrix is F (a, b, c, d, e); wherein, a is position number, b is size information, c is material information, d is priority level, and e is processing technology.
Specifically, the shooting unit sets X, Y, Z three reference directions for the to-be-processed product, and a camera and an auxiliary light source device are respectively arranged in X, Y, Z three directions; photo comparison part sequentially establishes cutter selection matrix F1(X1，b1，c，d1，e)；F2(Y2，b2，c，d2，e2)；F3(Z3，b3，c，d3And e). The cutter input unit inputs material information, hardness information and machining precision information of each cutter; the tool recording unit comprises a tool preset matrix L, and the tool preset matrix L is L (f, g, h); wherein f represents a tool number, g represents a machinable material set of the tool obtained according to the material information and the hardness information, and h represents a machinable process set that the tool can perform.
Wherein the machinable material set g of the tool comprises a plurality of material information, g ═ { c ═ c1、c2、c3… … }; in the set c1、c2、c3Respectively represent each processed material, namely the material of the processed surface of the cutter in the to-be-processed product. The processing technology set h which can be carried out by the cutter comprises a plurality of processing technology information, and the processing technology information comprises the maximum processing precision, the processing time and the processing mode which can be executed by the cutter; h ═ e1、e2、e3… … }; in the set e1、e2、e3Respectively, represent different processing techniques.
In some embodiments of the invention, the article to be processed includes a tool selection matrix F1(X1，b1，c，d1，e)；F2(Y2，b2，c，d2，e2)；F3(Z3，b3，c，d3E); the working personnel sets the processing sequence of the processed product to be the Y direction, the X direction and the Z direction; at this time, the comparison sheetMeta setting priority level d2 Priority level d 11 Priority level d 233. This treat cutter of processing article selects for use the matrix to include: f1(X1，b1，c，2，e)；F2(Y2，b2，c，1，e2)；F3(Z3，b3C, 3, e). And the comparison unit selects a corresponding cutter according to the cutter selection matrix, and assigns the value of the priority level d in the cutter selection matrix to the cutter number f in the cutter preset matrix of the cutter.
Specifically, when a certain tool presets a matrix Ln(F, g, h) and tool selection matrix Fn(an，bn，c，dnAnd e) when corresponding, presetting a matrix L for the cutternThe processing material set g in (1) comprises a tool selection matrix FnThe material information c of (a); cutter preset matrix LnThe processing technology set h in (1) comprises a cutter selection matrix FnThe processing technology e of (1); at this time, dnF in the formula, dnAnd f is the cutter number.
Specifically, each tool pocket of the tool magazine in which a tool is stored is provided with a contact switch (not shown in the figure), and the calling unit removes the priority number of the tool after the tool goes through the flow of leaving the tool pocket and returning the tool pocket once. The control system also comprises a preset processing time unit T0The working time of the cutter is preset processing time unit T0Integer multiples of; every KT0After the time, the photographing unit takes a picture again; the photo comparison part compares the size information acquired after updating with the size information before updating; and if the size information before and after updating is the same, the processing effect is proved to be unobvious, and at the moment, the image information acquired at the moment is sent to a human-computer interaction interface on the control system by the photographing unit, so that the working personnel can know the processing condition.
Unless defined otherwise, technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. Terms such as "component" and the like, when used herein, can refer to either a single part or a combination of parts. Terms such as "mounted," "disposed," and the like, as used herein, may refer to one component as being directly attached to another component or one component as being attached to another component through intervening components. Features described herein in one embodiment may be applied to another embodiment, either alone or in combination with other features, unless the feature is otherwise inapplicable or otherwise stated in the other embodiment.
The present invention has been described in terms of the above embodiments, but it should be understood that the above embodiments are for purposes of illustration and description only and are not intended to limit the invention to the scope of the described embodiments. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that many variations and modifications may be made to the teachings of the invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed.

Claims (9)

1. A numerical control machine tool is characterized by comprising a control system and a transmission system, wherein the control system comprises a photographing unit, a comparison unit, a cutter input unit and a calling unit;
the device comprises a photographing unit, a processing center and a control unit, wherein the photographing unit is used for acquiring information of a to-be-processed product, photographing the to-be-processed product in the processing center to acquire size information and material information of the to-be-processed product, and calculating a preset chip falling track of the to-be-processed product according to the size information and the material information; the photographing unit generates a parameter matrix alpha; the photographic unit is used for comparing the shape of the finished product with the shape of the product to be processed to generate preset parameters based on an X axis, a Y axis and a Z axis, and the preset parameters and the cutting feed position information are combined to form a parameter matrix alpha;
the tool recording unit is used for storing information of tools and comprises material information, hardness information and machining precision information of each tool in the tool magazine; the cutter recording unit generates a cutter using sequence by combining the parameter matrix alpha and the cutter information; the tool recording unit assigns the tool using sequence to a parameter matrix alpha;
the comparison unit comprises a processor and a mobile chassis, and the processor generates a calling matrix D according to the parameter matrix alpha and prestored data; the calling unit controls the calling condition of the cutter and the movement of the movable chassis according to the calling matrix D;
the transmission system comprises a nut transmission mechanism, the nut transmission mechanism comprises a servo motor, a servo motor seat, a belt pulley, a belt, a screw rod fixing seat, a nut seat and a rotating nut, the belt pulley is installed on an output shaft of the servo motor, the servo motor is fixedly installed on the servo motor seat, the servo motor seat is fastened on a saddle through screws, the nut seat is fastened on the bottom surface of the saddle through screws, the rotating nut is movably installed in the nut seat in a nested state, the belt pulley is connected with the belt pulley through the belt, the belt pulley is fastened on the rotating nut, the screw rod penetrates through the rotating nut and is respectively fastened on the screw rod fixing seats at the two ends of the base, and the screw rod fixing seats are fastened on the base through screws, when the servo motor rotates, the belt pulley moves synchronously, so that the belt pulley is driven by the belt to move synchronously;
the photographic unit comprises a photo collecting part, a photo cutting part and a photo comparing part; the photo collecting part comprises a camera and an auxiliary light source device; the camera is arranged on the automatic door, when the automatic door is closed, the camera starts to work, and the camera collects pictures of the to-be-processed product; the camera shooting unit further comprises a brightness sensor, the brightness sensor is arranged on the base and used for detecting real-time brightness L' near the to-be-processed product; the brightness sensor is electrically connected with the auxiliary light source equipment, the auxiliary light source equipment stores standard brightness L, and if the real-time brightness is smaller than the standard brightness L, the auxiliary light source equipment is turned on to ensure that the camera takes pictures under the premise of the standard brightness L; the photo comparison partThe picture comparison part is combined with the cutting feed position information to preset parameters pnCarrying out assignment, wherein when a certain point on the workpiece is a non-cutting-in point, a cutting-in parameter k is equal to 0, and when the point is a cutting-in point, the cutting-in parameter k is not equal to 0; the parameter matrix is alpha (p)1Tp2TpnT)；
The preset parameter is pn (Deltax)mΔymΔzmk) (ii) a In the vector expression, a subscript m represents the number of a certain point on a workpiece to be machined, Δ X represents the difference between the projection of the point on the X axis before machining and the projection of the point on the X axis after machining, Δ Y represents the difference between the projection of the point on the Y axis before machining and the projection of the point on the Y axis after machining, Δ Z represents the difference between the projection of the point on the Z axis before machining and the projection of the point on the Z axis after machining, and k represents a feed parameter, wherein when the difference between the projection of the point on the coordinate axis before machining and the projection of the point on the coordinate axis after machining is a negative number, the value of the preset parameter is less than 0, when the difference between the projection of the point on the coordinate axis before machining and the projection of the point on the coordinate axis after machining is a positive number, the value of the preset parameter is greater than 0, and when the difference between the projection of the point on the coordinate axis before machining and the projection of the point on the coordinate axis, the predetermined parameter value is equal to 0.
2. The numerical control machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the photo-cutting section cuts the photo to identify the position information of the work to be processed requiring the feed; the photo comparison part is pre-stored with the shape of the finished product, and generates preset parameters based on an X axis, a Y axis and a Z axis according to the shape of the finished product.
3. Numerical control machine according to claim 2, characterized in that the preset parameter is pn(ΔxmΔymΔzmk) (ii) a In the vector expression, a subscript m represents the number of a point on a workpiece to be processed, Δ X represents the difference between the projection of the point on the X axis before processing and the projection of the point on the X axis after processing, Δ Y represents the difference between the projection of the point on the Y axis before processing and the projection of the point on the Y axis after processing, and ΔZ represents a distance difference between a projection of the point on the Z axis before processing and a projection of the point on the Z axis after processing, and k represents a feed parameter, wherein when a value of the distance difference between the projection of the point on the coordinate axis before processing and the projection of the point on the coordinate axis after processing is a negative number, the preset parameter value is less than 0, when a value of the distance difference between the projection of the point on the coordinate axis before processing and the projection of the point on the coordinate axis after processing is a positive number, the preset parameter value is greater than 0, and when the value of the distance difference between the projection of the point on the coordinate axis before processing and the projection of the point on the coordinate axis after processing is 0, the preset parameter value is equal to 0.
4. The numerical control machine tool according to claim 3, wherein the photo comparing section stores therein the feeding position information, and the photo comparing section combines the feeding position information with the preset parameter pnCarrying out assignment, wherein when the point is a non-feed point, a feed parameter k is equal to 0, and when the point is a feed point, the feed parameter k is not equal to 0; the parameter matrix is alpha (p)1Tp2TpnT)。
5. The numerical control machine tool according to claim 4, wherein the order of using the tool is defined by the rotation speed of the numerical control machine tool, the hardness of the workpiece to be processed, and the preset parameter pnAnd the distance that can fly.
6. The numerical control machine tool according to claim 5, wherein a flying distance is determined by a size of the moving base, a placing position of the workpiece to be machined and a distance that the moving base can move in the numerical control machine tool; flying distance lmThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows: lm＝(x1m+x2m)(Y1m+Y2m) (ii) a In the formula, the subscript m represents the number of a certain point on the workpiece to be processed, x1mRepresents the linear distance between the projection of the point on the moving chassis and the nearest adjacent edge of the moving chassis in the X-axis direction when the moving chassis is fixed at the preset position, X2mRepresenting the point at which said moving chassis is fixed in a predetermined positionThe minimum distance of the movable chassis, which can move along the X-axis direction in the numerical control machine tool, is determined; y is1mWhen the movable chassis is fixed at a preset position, the projection of the point on the movable chassis represents the linear distance between the projection of the point and the nearest adjacent edge of the movable chassis in the Y-axis direction, and Y is2mWhen the movable chassis is fixed at a preset position, the minimum distance of the point, which can move along the Y-axis direction in the numerical control machine tool, of the movable chassis is represented.
7. Numerical control machine according to claim 6, characterized in that the intermediate variable ε is calculated as follows: e 24.12 (har)n－har0)R/13.9lm(ii) a In the formula, harnRepresenting the hardness of the tool, har0Representing the hardness of the workpiece to be machined, and R represents the rotating speed of the numerical control machine tool; the higher the intermediate variable epsilon of each feed point to be machined, the smaller the value of the feed parameter k of the feed point is, and the more forward the use sequence of the cutter is.
8. The numerical control machine tool of claim 7, wherein the calling matrix is D (n x)2l Y2l) N in the matrix representing the number of said tool, x2lRepresenting the distance of the moving chassis which needs to move along the X-axis direction in the numerical control machine tool when the cutter with the number n is used; y is2lRepresenting the distance of the moving chassis which needs to move along the Y-axis direction in the numerical control machine tool when the cutter with the number n is used; x is the number of2l＝x2－xp；Y2l＝Y2m－Yp(ii) a In the formula, xpRepresents the offset of the movable chassis in the X-axis direction from a preset position, YpAnd the offset of the moving chassis in the Y-axis direction from the preset position is represented.
9. The numerical control machine tool according to claim 8, characterized in that the numerical control machine tool comprises a base, a moving upright mechanism, the automatic door, the control system, the moving chassis and a chip removal machine, wherein the moving upright mechanism is positioned on the base in a sliding connection manner, the moving chassis is positioned on the base in a sliding connection manner, the automatic door is positioned right in front of the base in a sliding connection manner and is installed, and the chip removal machine is positioned below the base; the moving upright post mechanism is provided with a disc type tool magazine.
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Denomination of invention: A CNC machine tool

Effective date of registration: 20221230

Granted publication date: 20210323

Pledgee: Zhaoqing Rural Commercial Bank Co.,Ltd. Lubu Sub branch

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