CN111257276A - Terahertz biosensing method utilizing ferromagnetic heterogeneous fructification - Google Patents
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 230000005294 ferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000002120 nanofilm Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000001328 terahertz time-domain spectroscopy Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910019236 CoFeB Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000013060 biological fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- IDGUHHHQCWSQLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol;hydrate Chemical compound O.CCO IDGUHHHQCWSQLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910007709 ZnTe Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 abstract 1
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- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 8
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- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/35—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
- G01N21/3581—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light using far infrared light; using Terahertz radiation
- G01N21/3586—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light using far infrared light; using Terahertz radiation by Terahertz time domain spectroscopy [THz-TDS]
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for realizing terahertz biosensing by utilizing ferromagnetic heterogeneous solidification, which can realize the detection of water molecules or biomolecules by emitting a terahertz regulation phenomenon and solve the problem of biosensing. The detection can be completed by using a mature terahertz time-domain spectroscopy system, the realization principle is simple, the detection sample is small in size, materials can be saved, the cost is reduced, the performance can be ensured to be firm and stable, a portable plug-in can be made, and compared with the existing metamaterial scheme, the experimental cost can be greatly reduced. The spatial resolution of the detection sample is determined by the size of the incident light spot, so that the diffraction limit of terahertz can be broken through, and the resolution is effectively improved. The spin terahertz radiation source based on the magnetic nano film has extremely high efficiency, only the film with the thickness of about 5nm, and the efficiency of generating terahertz can be compared with that of the traditional ZnTe crystal.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of terahertz and ultrafast optics, in particular to a method for realizing terahertz biosensing by utilizing ferromagnetic heterogeneous robustness.
Background
The terahertz wave band is a transition frequency band between low-energy electronics and high-energy photonics, which is the last known and recognized electromagnetic wave band and is also an electromagnetic wave band with excellent characteristics. Since the end of the 20 th century, ultra-wide spectrum terahertz sources and their applications in time domain spectral analysis and spectral imaging have been rapidly developed due to the development of femtosecond laser, photoconduction, optical rectification and other technologies. In the last decade, semiconductor-based solid-state electronic terahertz sources and detection devices and various terahertz devices have made great progress. The special electromagnetic wave has the advantages of strong penetrability, low energy, wide frequency band, high universality and the like.
Terahertz waves have high spatial resolution and strong complementary characteristics with respect to X-rays and visible light, and therefore terahertz imaging is suitable for occasions where visible light cannot penetrate and the contrast of X-ray imaging is insufficient. Due to the unique performance of terahertz, terahertz waves have numerous applications in imaging technologies, such as non-destructive testing of non-contact electronic circuit defects, biomedical imaging, environmental testing, security testing, and the like. In the terahertz imaging process, a terahertz image is obtained by observing terahertz waves obtained through transmission or reflection, and therefore the spatial resolution is limited by the diffraction limit of a terahertz wave source. The current imaging technology still has a plurality of problems in biosensing imaging because of the limitations of resolution, materials and the like. Therefore, new solutions to biosensing imaging need to be explored in conjunction with existing research efforts.
Currently, the existing terahertz biosensor mainly comprises a metamaterial biosensor. The metamaterial is an artificial electromagnetic material which is periodically arranged, and a specially designed structure of the metamaterial can show some characteristics which are not possessed by natural materials, such as special electromagnetic characteristics. The metamaterial biosensor converts refractive index change caused by external biomolecules into change of optical signals through special structural design, so that the resolution limit of the traditional sensor can be broken through, and label-free detection is realized. However, the metamaterial has the limitation of strong correspondence between the structure and the function, and the specific structure can only correspond to a specific absorption peak, so that the preparation process of the metamaterial is complex and the cost is high.
At present, Laser Terahertz Emission Microscopy (LTEM) is a unique detection tool, can break through the resolution limit of terahertz waves from millimeter to micron size, and is widely applied to various electronic materials and devices, including semiconductors, High Tc Superconductors (HTSCs), huge magnetoresistive manganese ores and multi-ferromagnetic materials, which can emit terahertz pulses after being irradiated by femtosecond laser. The technology can directly obtain the terahertz pulse from a sample irradiated by the femtosecond laser pulse, and measure the terahertz radiation image of radiation, thereby reflecting the working states of materials and devices. Another unique feature of this technique is that its spatial resolution is determined by the laser spot size, rather than the terahertz wavelength, and therefore, very high resolution can be achieved. The LTEM makes it possible to study local carrier dynamics, and can be used as a detection evaluation tool for large scale integrated circuits, since the terahertz emission characteristics can reflect the dynamic motion of locally excited photo-carriers in these materials and devices. However, due to the limitation of the principle of terahertz radiation, the LTEM is difficult to be used for detecting liquid and biomolecules, and therefore, to realize liquid and biological sensing, improvement and optimization on the basis of the LTEM are needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a method for implementing terahertz biosensing by using ferromagnetic heterogeneous material, so as to solve the problem of biosensing detection.
Therefore, the invention provides a method for realizing terahertz biosensing by utilizing ferromagnetic heterogeneous robustness, which comprises the following steps:
s1: depositing a W/CoFeB/Pt three-layer heterostructure nano-film on a transparent substrate;
s2: carrying out external magnetization on the nano film of the W/CoFeB/Pt three-layer heterostructure by utilizing a magnetic field;
s3: dripping water or biological liquid on the surface of the magnetized nano film;
s4: and fixing the nano film with water or biological liquid in a terahertz time-domain spectroscopy system, wherein the terahertz time-domain spectroscopy system emits femtosecond laser, the femtosecond laser enters from one side of the transparent substrate, and terahertz is radiated in a reflection emission mode to obtain a terahertz detection value.
In a possible implementation manner, in the method for implementing terahertz biosensing by using ferromagnetic heterogeneous robustness provided by the present invention, in step S2, the external magnetization is performed on the nano thin film of the W/CoFeB/Pt triple-layer heterostructure by using a magnetic field, which specifically includes:
the nano-film of the W/CoFeB/Pt three-layer heterostructure with the thickness of 1.8nm/1.8nm/1.8nm is externally magnetized for 1min by a magnetic field of 50 mT.
In one possible implementation manner, in the method for implementing terahertz biosensing by using ferromagnetic heterogeneous structure provided by the present invention, in step S3, the biological fluid is any one of absolute ethyl alcohol, chloroform, and a mixture of water and absolute ethyl alcohol.
According to the method for realizing terahertz biosensing by utilizing ferromagnetic heterogeneous robustness, provided by the invention, the detection of water molecules or biomolecules can be realized by emitting the terahertz regulation phenomenon, and the problem of biosensing is solved. The detection can be completed by using a mature terahertz time-domain spectroscopy system, the realization principle is simple, the detection sample is small in size, materials can be saved, the cost is reduced, the performance can be ensured to be firm and stable, a portable plug-in can be made, and compared with the existing metamaterial scheme, the experimental cost can be greatly reduced. The spatial resolution of the detection sample is determined by the size of the incident light spot, so that the diffraction limit of terahertz can be broken through, and the resolution is effectively improved. The spin terahertz radiation source based on the magnetic nano film has extremely high efficiency, only the film with the thickness of about 5nm, and the efficiency of generating terahertz can be compared with that of the traditional ZnTe crystal.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for implementing terahertz biosensing using ferromagnetic heterogeneous robustness provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the present invention based on a magnetized W/CoFeB/Pt three-layer heterostructure nano-film for realizing biosensing detection;
FIG. 3 is a schematic azimuthal view of a nano-film of a magnetized W/CoFeB/Pt three-layer heterostructure;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a terahertz time-domain spectroscopy system;
FIG. 5 is a terahertz time-domain signal diagram before and after water molecules are sealed by a magnetized W/CoFeB/Pt three-layer heterostructure nano-film;
FIG. 6 is a terahertz frequency spectrum diagram before and after water molecules are sealed by a magnetized W/CoFeB/Pt three-layer heterostructure nano-film.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only illustrative and are not intended to limit the present invention.
The invention provides a method for realizing terahertz biosensing by utilizing ferromagnetic heterogeneous robustness, which comprises the following steps of:
s1: depositing a W/CoFeB/Pt three-layer heterostructure nano-film on a transparent substrate;
specifically, a W/CoFeB/Pt three-layer heterostructure nano-film can be deposited on a glass substrate with the thickness of 1mm by a magnetron sputtering method;
s2: carrying out external magnetization on the nano film of the W/CoFeB/Pt three-layer heterostructure by utilizing a magnetic field; the nano film can be promoted to radiate terahertz under the action of femtosecond laser by magnetization;
s3: dripping water or biological liquid on the surface of the magnetized nano film;
specifically, water molecules or different biomolecules are sealed on the surface of the magnetized nano film, so that the regulation and control of the reflection emission terahertz can be realized;
s4: fixing the nano film with water or biological liquid in a terahertz time-domain spectroscopy system, wherein the terahertz time-domain spectroscopy system emits femtosecond laser, the femtosecond laser is incident from one side of a transparent substrate (as shown in figure 2), and terahertz is radiated in a reflection emission mode to obtain a terahertz detection value; therefore, the detection of water molecules or biomolecules can be realized by emitting the terahertz regulation and control phenomenon, and the problem of biosensing is solved.
The method for realizing terahertz biosensing by utilizing ferromagnetic heterogeneous robustness is based on an ultrafast femtosecond laser technology and the emission characteristic of a spinning terahertz source, and researches the modification of a terahertz emission spectrum by biochemical reaction on the back surface of a nano film of a magnetized W/CoFeB/Pt three-layer heterostructure by utilizing the property of reflection emission, thereby realizing nondestructive detection and breaking through the difficulty of biosensing detection.
In specific implementation, in the method for realizing terahertz biosensing by utilizing ferromagnetic heterogeneous robustness provided by the invention, the terahertz emission efficiency can be improved by optimizing the thickness of the nano film. The optimal thickness of the nano film of the W/CoFeB/Pt three-layer heterostructure used by the invention is 1.8nm/1.8nm/1.8 nm. Of course, the nano-film with a thickness of 1.5nm/2.2nm/1.5nm in W/CoFeB/Pt three-layer heterostructure, or the nano-film with a thickness of 1.8nm/2.0nm/1.8nm in W/CoFeB/Pt three-layer heterostructure, or the nano-film with a thickness of 1.8nm/2.2nm/1.8nm in W/CoFeB/Pt three-layer heterostructure can also achieve similar emission efficiency, which is not limited herein.
In specific implementation, in the method for implementing terahertz biosensing by utilizing ferromagnetic heterogeneous robustness provided by the invention, in step S2, external magnetization is performed on the nano-film of the W/CoFeB/Pt triple-layer heterostructure by utilizing a magnetic field, which can be specifically realized by the following steps: the nano-film of the W/CoFeB/Pt three-layer heterostructure with the thickness of 1.8nm/1.8nm/1.8nm is externally magnetized for 1min by a magnetic field of 50 mT.
It should be noted that, in the method for implementing terahertz biosensing by using ferromagnetic heterogeneous robustness provided by the present invention, the feasibility of external magnetization can be verified in the following manner: after the nano-film with water or biological liquid is fixed in the terahertz time-domain spectroscopy system, as shown in fig. 3, the nano-film is rotated in the vertical incidence plane to change the azimuth angle of the nano-film
The emitted terahertz polarity also rotates along with the rotation, the projection value in the fixed direction changes in a sine function change trend along with the change of the azimuth angle, and the feasibility of external magnetization is verified according to the inverse spin Hall effect.
In specific implementation, in step S3 of the method for implementing terahertz biosensing by using ferromagnetic heterogeneous robustness according to the present invention, the biological fluid may be absolute ethanol; alternatively, the biological fluid may be chloroform; alternatively, the biological fluid may also be a mixture of water and absolute ethanol; alternatively, the biological fluid may be other fluids containing biological molecules, and is not limited herein.
In specific implementation, in the method for implementing terahertz biosensing by utilizing ferromagnetic heterogeneous robustness provided by the invention, in step S4, when a terahertz time-domain spectroscopy system is used for detection, the dependence of the emission efficiency and the incident angle at oblique incidence is obtained by optimizing the incident angle of reflected emission, and the radiation efficiency of reflected emission increases with the increase of the incident angle, however, due to the limitation of the device, the incident angle cannot be too large, and the test is performed under the condition of an incident angle of 45 degrees, so that the angles of other optical devices can be conveniently adjusted, and therefore, the optimized incident angle of 45 degrees is obtained.
In specific implementation, in step S4 of the method for implementing terahertz biosensing by using ferromagnetic heterogeneous robustness provided by the invention, a terahertz time-domain spectroscopy system is used for detection. The terahertz time-domain spectroscopy system adopts a commercial titanium sapphire laser oscillator with the pulse width of 100fs and the repetition frequency of 80MHz as a pump light source. The detection sample is a nano film with a W/CoFeB/Pt three-layer heterostructure on a quartz glass substrate. After a sample is magnetized externally by a magnetic field, water or biological liquid is dripped on the surface of the sample, then the sample is fixed in a terahertz time-domain spectroscopy system, as shown in fig. 4, laser emitted by a laser is divided into pump light L1 and probe light L2, the pump light L1 is collimated and focused on the sample S through a paraboloidal mirror P1 and a paraboloidal mirror P2, terahertz is radiated in a reflection emission mode, a generated terahertz signal is focused on a ZnTe crystal through a series of reflectors M1-M5 and the paraboloidal mirrors P4 and P5 and the probe light L2, so that the probe light L2 generates slight elliptical polarization, the elliptical polarization is converted into two linearly polarized light through a 1/4 glass sheet P and a Wollaston prism W, and the two linearly polarized light are transmitted to a detector D for electro-optical sampling, and a terahertz detection value is obtained.
After water is sealed on the surface of the magnetized nano film with the W/CoFeB/Pt three-layer heterostructure, as shown in FIG. 5, a terahertz time-domain signal is obviously enhanced and time is moved, as shown in FIG. 6, a characteristic peak of a corresponding terahertz frequency spectrum is changed, and the regulation and control phenomenon of water molecules on terahertz radiation is proved. For different biological molecules, different intensity changes and time shifts can be obtained in the time domain of the terahertz waveform, different spectrum characteristics can be measured at the same time, a series of different characteristic parameters can be obtained when the attached molecules are changed, detection of different substances can be realized by comparing the characteristic parameters, and therefore an effective method is provided for biosensing.
According to the method for realizing terahertz biosensing by utilizing ferromagnetic heterogeneous robustness, provided by the invention, the detection of water molecules or biomolecules can be realized by emitting the terahertz regulation phenomenon, and the problem of biosensing is solved. The detection can be completed by using a mature terahertz time-domain spectroscopy system, the realization principle is simple, the detection sample is small in size, materials can be saved, the cost is reduced, the performance can be ensured to be firm and stable, a portable plug-in can be made, and compared with the existing metamaterial scheme, the experimental cost can be greatly reduced. The spatial resolution of the detection sample is determined by the size of the incident light spot, so that the diffraction limit of terahertz can be broken through, and the resolution is effectively improved. The spin terahertz radiation source based on the magnetic nano film has extremely high efficiency, only the film with the thickness of about 5nm, and the efficiency of generating terahertz can be compared with that of the traditional ZnTe crystal.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (3)
1. A terahertz biosensing method utilizing ferromagnetic heterogeneous robustness is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: depositing a W/CoFeB/Pt three-layer heterostructure nano-film on a transparent substrate;
s2: carrying out external magnetization on the nano film of the W/CoFeB/Pt three-layer heterostructure by utilizing a magnetic field;
s3: dripping water or biological liquid on the surface of the magnetized nano film;
s4: and fixing the nano film with water or biological liquid in a terahertz time-domain spectroscopy system, wherein the terahertz time-domain spectroscopy system emits femtosecond laser, the femtosecond laser enters from one side of the transparent substrate, and terahertz is radiated in a reflection emission mode to obtain a terahertz detection value.
2. The method of utilizing ferromagnetic heterogeneous robustness to realize terahertz biosensing as claimed in claim 1, wherein step S2, utilizing magnetic field to externally magnetize the nano-thin film of the W/CoFeB/Pt triple-layer heterostructure specifically includes:
the nano-film of the W/CoFeB/Pt three-layer heterostructure with the thickness of 1.8nm/1.8nm/1.8nm is externally magnetized for 1min by a magnetic field of 50 mT.
3. The method for terahertz biosensing using ferromagnetic heterogeneous robustness, as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S3, the biological fluid is any one of absolute ethanol, chloroform and a mixture of water and absolute ethanol.
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