CN111257185A - Seepage-proof membrane seepage experimental device - Google Patents
Seepage-proof membrane seepage experimental device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111257185A CN111257185A CN201811450603.6A CN201811450603A CN111257185A CN 111257185 A CN111257185 A CN 111257185A CN 201811450603 A CN201811450603 A CN 201811450603A CN 111257185 A CN111257185 A CN 111257185A
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- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 137
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 33
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract description 19
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 22
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920006262 high density polyethylene film Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000013480 data collection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 Polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005549 butyl rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005325 percolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000037452 priming Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007723 transport mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N2015/086—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials of films, membranes or pellicules
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Abstract
An impermeable membrane seepage experimental apparatus, comprising: the membrane test bin is provided with an upper bin body and a lower bin body, an upper chamber and a lower chamber are arranged on the end face where the upper bin body and the lower bin body are buckled, the upper bin body is provided with a liquid inlet hole and an upper seepage hole, the lower bin body is provided with a liquid outlet hole and a lower seepage hole, and the upper seepage hole is communicated with the lower seepage hole through a seepage pipe; the fluid collecting mechanism is provided with a collecting pipe and a collecting bottle connected with the liquid outlet hole of the lower bin body; the fluid conveying mechanism is provided with a liquid storage container and a water-oil separator connected with a liquid inlet hole of the upper bin body; the membrane test bin and the fluid collecting mechanism are positioned in the constant temperature box; the data acquisition mechanism is provided with a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and a camera, wherein the pressure sensor is connected with a liquid inlet hole of the upper bin body, the temperature sensor is arranged in the thermostat, and the camera is horizontally arranged opposite to the collecting pipe. The invention can select different seepage fluids and accurately measure the permeability coefficients of the ultra-low permeability impermeable membranes with different thicknesses at different temperatures and pressures.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an experimental device, in particular to an anti-seepage membrane seepage experimental device.
Background
The artificially synthesized organic impermeable material (GM) is a geotechnical impermeable material compounded by various non-woven fabrics and plastic films/sheets as impermeable base materials, and mainly comprises high-density polyethylene (HDPE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), Polyethylene (PE), butyl rubber (EDPE) and the like, wherein the HDPE film is the most widely used and is widely applied to petrochemical engineering impermeable engineering at present.
Aiming at petrochemical engineering seepage-proofing engineering design of HDPE films, the permeability coefficient of the HDPE film is a main design index. The permeability coefficient of the HDPE membrane needs to be obtained by the permeation experiment of different fluids in the membrane sheet. The permeability coefficient detection device of the impermeable layer in the prior art is suitable for fluids such as water, finished oil, crude oil, organic solvent, acid/alkali solution with pH of 5-9 and the like, and can detect the permeability coefficient as low as 1 multiplied by 10-12cm/s to 1X 10-14cm/s of impervious materials, such as impervious cement layers, impervious membranes and the like.
However, when the existing seepage-proofing coefficient detection device is used for testing the seepage coefficient of the seepage-proofing membrane, the seepage test bin of the existing seepage-proofing coefficient detection device mainly has the following defects in the technical field:
1. the high-pressure cavity of the existing device is sealed by a sealing ring, and the permeability coefficient is lower than 1.0 multiplied by 10-12The sealing of the cm/s ultra-low permeability film causes lateral leakage, so that the detection result is inaccurate;
2. the leachate collection and metering system of the existing device is an open system, and when volatile organic fluid is adopted for experiment, the volatilization loss of leachate exists in the experimental process, so that the detection result is inaccurate.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an seepage experiment device for an impermeable membrane, which can select different seepage fluids and accurately measure the permeability coefficients of ultralow-permeability impermeable membranes with different thicknesses at different temperatures and pressures.
The above object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:
the invention provides an anti-seepage membrane seepage experimental device, which comprises:
the membrane test bin is provided with an upper bin body and a lower bin body which can be buckled with each other, an upper cavity and a lower cavity are respectively arranged on the end surfaces of the upper bin body and the lower bin body which are buckled with each other, the upper bin body is provided with a liquid inlet hole and an upper seepage hole which can be communicated with the upper cavity, the lower bin body is provided with a liquid outlet hole and a lower seepage hole which can be communicated with the lower cavity, the upper seepage hole and the lower seepage hole are communicated with each other through a seepage pipe, and a membrane to be tested is clamped between the upper bin body and the lower bin body; wherein, the clamping surfaces of the upper bin body and the lower bin body which are opposite are respectively provided with an upper side leakage prevention convex ring and a lower side leakage prevention convex ring;
the fluid collecting mechanism is provided with a collecting pipe and a collecting bottle which are connected, and the collecting bottle is connected with the liquid outlet hole of the lower bin body;
the fluid conveying mechanism is provided with a liquid storage container and a water-oil separator which are connected, and the water-oil separator is connected with the liquid inlet hole of the upper bin body;
the membrane test bin and the fluid collecting mechanism are positioned in the constant temperature box;
the data acquisition mechanism is provided with a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and a camera, the pressure sensor is connected with the liquid inlet hole of the upper bin body, the temperature sensor is arranged in the thermostat, and the camera is horizontally arranged opposite to the collecting pipe.
In the implementation mode of the invention, a metal water permeable plate is arranged in the lower chamber of the lower chamber body and is positioned between the membrane to be measured and the lower chamber body.
In an embodiment of the present invention, an outer diameter of the upper side leakage prevention protruding ring is larger or smaller than an outer diameter of the lower side leakage prevention protruding ring.
In the embodiment of the invention, the middle part of the collecting bottle is connected with a syringe through a regulating valve, and the top part of the collecting bottle is connected with an exhaust valve.
In an embodiment of the invention, an oil seal layer is arranged in the collecting pipe; the collecting pipe is fixed on the bracket, and the bracket is provided with a light supplementing light source horizontally opposite to the collecting pipe.
In an embodiment of the invention, a liquid inlet connected with the liquid inlet hole is formed in the bottom of the collecting bottle, a water outlet connected with the bottom of the collecting pipe is formed in the middle of the collecting bottle, and water is contained in the collecting bottle.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the fluid delivery mechanism further includes a vacuum pump, the vacuum pump is connected to the water-oil separator through an evacuation tube, and the reservoir is connected to the evacuation tube.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the fluid delivery mechanism further has a constant-flow and constant-pressure pump, and the constant-flow and constant-pressure pump is connected to the vacuum pumping pipe.
In an embodiment of the invention, the anti-seepage membrane seepage experiment device is rotatably mounted on a membrane test bin support, the membrane test bin support is provided with two hinge ends which are oppositely arranged, and two ends of the anti-seepage membrane seepage experiment device are respectively connected to the two hinge ends.
In an embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of membrane test chambers and a plurality of fluid collection mechanisms are provided in the incubator, and each membrane test chamber is connected to each fluid collection mechanism.
The seepage experimental device for the impermeable membrane has the characteristics and advantages that:
1. the upper side leakage prevention convex ring and the lower side leakage prevention convex ring which are arranged in a staggered manner are adopted to seal the membrane to be tested, so that the problem that the permeability coefficient is lower than 1.0 multiplied by 10 is solved-12The problem of lateral leakage caused by sealing by adopting a sealing ring in a cm/s ultra-low permeability film test is solved, and the accuracy of a detection result is improved;
2. the fluid collecting mechanism for collecting and metering the seepage liquid is a closed system, so that when the volatile organic fluid is adopted for experiment, the volatilization loss of the seepage liquid in the experiment process is effectively controlled, and the accuracy of the detection result is improved; and simultaneously reduces the using amount of seepage fluid with toxic action.
3. The experimental channel is expanded, the automation degree of the device is improved, and the sample detection efficiency is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an experimental apparatus for seepage of an impermeable membrane according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a front view of the seepage-proofing membrane seepage experimental device of the present invention installed on a membrane test bin bracket.
FIG. 3 is a side view of the seepage-proofing membrane seepage experimental device of the present invention installed on a membrane test bin bracket.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the three-channel impermeable membrane seepage experimental device of the present invention.
The reference numbers illustrate: 1. a membrane test chamber; 100. a diaphragm to be tested; 101. an upper bin body; 102. a lower bin body; 103. a metal porous plate; 104. a screw; 105. a nut; 106. a liquid inlet hole; 107. a liquid outlet hole; 108. a lower seepage hole; 109. an upper seepage hole; 110. a water-oil separator; 111. a bypass on/off valve; 112. a liquid outlet valve; 113. a lower side leakage prevention convex ring; 114. an upper side leakage prevention convex ring; 115. a lower chamber; 116. an upper chamber; 117. a seepage pipe; 2. a fluid collection mechanism; 201. a collection pipe; 202. an oil seal layer; 203. sealing the cover; 204. a collection bottle; 205. an exhaust valve; 206. adjusting a valve; 207. an injector; 208. a support; 209. a light source for light supplement; 210. a liquid inlet; 211. a water outlet; 3. a fluid delivery mechanism; 301. a vacuum pump; 302. a constant-current and constant-pressure pump; 303. a reservoir; 304. an on-off valve; 305. an on-off valve; 306. an on-off valve; 307. an on-off valve; 308. a buffer container; 309. vacuumizing a tube; 4. a data acquisition mechanism; 401. a data acquisition workstation; 402. a temperature sensor; 403. a pressure sensor; 404. a camera; 405. a data line; 5. a thermostat; 6. a membrane test chamber support; 61. a hinged end.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides an impermeable membrane seepage experimental apparatus, which comprises a membrane test chamber 1, a fluid collection mechanism 2, a fluid conveying mechanism 3, a data acquisition mechanism 4 and a thermostat 5, wherein: the membrane test bin 1 is provided with an upper bin body 101 and a lower bin body 102 which can be buckled with each other, an upper chamber 116 and a lower chamber 115 are respectively arranged on the end surfaces of the upper bin body 101 and the lower bin body 102 which are buckled with each other, the upper bin body 101 is provided with a liquid inlet hole 106 and an upper seepage hole 109 which can be communicated with the upper chamber 116, the lower bin body 102 is provided with a liquid outlet hole 107 and a lower seepage hole 108 which can be communicated with the lower chamber 115, the upper seepage hole 109 and the lower seepage hole 108 are communicated with each other through a seepage pipe 117, and a membrane 100 to be tested is clamped between the upper bin body 101 and the lower bin body 102; wherein, the clamping surfaces of the upper bin body 101 and the lower bin body 102 which face each other are respectively provided with an upper side leakage prevention convex ring 114 and a lower side leakage prevention convex ring 113; the fluid collecting mechanism 2 is provided with a collecting pipe 201 and a collecting bottle 204 which are connected, and the collecting bottle 204 is connected with the liquid outlet hole 107 of the lower bin body 102; the fluid conveying mechanism 3 is provided with a liquid storage container 303 and a water-oil separator 110 which are connected, and the water-oil separator 110 is connected with the liquid inlet hole 106 of the upper bin body 101; the membrane test chamber 1 and the fluid collection mechanism 2 are positioned in the incubator 5; the data acquisition mechanism 4 is provided with a pressure sensor 403, a temperature sensor 402 and a camera 404, wherein the pressure sensor 403 is connected with the liquid inlet hole 106 of the upper bin body 101, the temperature sensor 402 is arranged in the incubator 5, and the camera 404 is horizontally arranged opposite to the collecting pipe 201.
Specifically, the membrane test chamber 1 is a main body of the anti-seepage membrane seepage experimental apparatus, and comprises an upper chamber body 101 and a lower chamber body 102, wherein the upper chamber body 101 and the lower chamber body 102 are penetrated through by a plurality of screws 104 and are fastened and connected by nuts 105. In this embodiment, an upper chamber 116 is disposed on the inner sidewall of the upper bin body 101, and a liquid inlet hole 106 is disposed in the upper bin body 101, wherein the liquid inlet hole 106 is communicated with the upper chamber 116; the inner side wall of the lower bin body 102 is provided with a lower chamber 115, a liquid outlet hole 107 is arranged in the lower bin body 102, and the liquid outlet hole 107 is communicated with the lower chamber 115. Further, in order to ensure that after the upper bin body 101 and the lower bin body 102 are buckled and connected, before the experiment, a constant pressure can be provided between the upper chamber 116 and the lower chamber 115 located at two sides of the membrane 100 to be tested, in this embodiment, a seepage tube 117 is arranged outside the membrane test bin 1, the seepage tube 117 forms a seepage bypass, one end of the seepage tube 117 is connected to the upper seepage hole 109 of the upper bin body 101, the other end of the seepage tube is connected to the lower seepage hole 108 of the lower bin body 102, and the seepage tube 117 is further connected to a bypass switch valve 111 so as to open or close the seepage tube 117. In this embodiment, radial grooves are further formed on the bottom wall of the lower chamber 115 of the lower cartridge body 102 to collect the seepage fluid to the liquid outlet holes 107 and the lower seepage holes 108.
The film sheet 100 to be tested is clamped between the upper bin body 101 and the lower bin body 102. In the present invention, the membrane 100 to be tested may be an HDPE film, a PVC film or a PE film, although the membrane 100 to be tested may also be other impermeable material films, which is not limited herein. In this embodiment, the thickness of the film 100 to be measured is 0.4mm to 3 mm.
In the embodiment of the invention, a metal water-permeable plate 103 is placed in the lower chamber 115 of the lower cartridge body 102, and the metal water-permeable plate 103 is positioned between the membrane 100 to be measured and the lower cartridge body 102. When the membrane test chamber 1 is used for carrying out a seepage experiment on a membrane sheet 100 to be tested, seepage fluid can be filled in an upper chamber 116 between the upper chamber body 101 and the membrane sheet 100 to be tested through a liquid inlet hole 106 of the upper chamber body 101; in addition, in order to avoid the deformation of the membrane 100 to be tested towards the lower chamber 115 of the lower chamber 102 under the pressure of the seepage fluid, the metal permeable plate 103 is placed in the lower chamber 115 of the lower chamber 102, the surface of the metal permeable plate 103 is flush with the membrane 100 to be tested, and a plurality of permeable holes are formed in the metal permeable plate 103, so that the seepage fluid permeating through the membrane 100 to be tested can permeate and flow out through the metal permeable plate 103 and can be discharged from the liquid outlet holes 107 of the lower chamber 102.
Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, an upper side leakage prevention protruding ring 114 and a lower side leakage prevention protruding ring 113 are respectively disposed on the facing clamping surfaces of the upper cartridge body 101 and the lower cartridge body 102, and the outer diameter of the upper side leakage prevention protruding ring 114 is larger or smaller than the outer diameter of the lower side leakage prevention protruding ring 113. That is, the outer diameter of the upper side leakage prevention protruding ring 114 is different from the outer diameter of the lower side leakage prevention protruding ring 113, and the upper and lower cartridge bodies 101 and 102 do not overlap each other when they are closed. According to the invention, the membrane to be tested 100 is clamped by the upper bin body 101 with the upper side leakage prevention convex ring 114 and the lower bin body 102 with the lower side leakage prevention convex ring 113, the periphery of the membrane to be tested 100 is clamped and fixed by the upper side leakage prevention convex ring 114 and the lower side leakage prevention convex ring 113, the clamping stability and the clamping tightness of the membrane to be tested 100 by the membrane testing bin 1 are effectively improved, and the guarantee is provided for the invention to be capable of measuring the membrane to be tested 100 with lower permeability coefficient.
Fluid collection mechanism 2 is a mechanism that collects the permeate fluid discharged from membrane test cartridge 1, and can measure the volume of permeate fluid discharged from membrane test cartridge 1. In the present invention, the fluid collection mechanism 2 has a collection tube 201 and a collection bottle 204 connected to each other. Wherein, the collecting bottle 204 is filled with water, the bottom of the collecting bottle is provided with a liquid inlet 210, the liquid inlet 210 is communicated with the liquid outlet hole 107 of the membrane test chamber 1, in the embodiment, a liquid outlet valve 112 is arranged on a liquid outlet pipe between the liquid inlet 210 and the liquid outlet hole 107; the middle part of the collecting bottle 204 is provided with a water outlet 211 which can be connected with the bottom of the collecting pipe 201. Further, a syringe 207 is connected to the middle of the collection bottle 204 through a regulating valve 206, and a vent valve 205 is connected to the top of the collection bottle 204. Regulating valve 206 is opened, collection bottle 204 is slowly filled with an aqueous solution saturated with osmotic fluid via syringe 207, and air bubbles are removed from collection bottle 204 by opening vent valve 205.
The collecting pipe 201 is a glass pipe, the top of the collecting pipe is provided with a sealing cover 203, the sealing cover 203 needs to be removed in the seepage volume collecting process, an oil seal layer 202 is arranged on a water column in the collecting pipe 201, and the oil seal layer 202 can prevent water in the collecting pipe 201 from evaporating so as to ensure the accuracy of measurement; this collecting pipe 201 is fixed on support 208, is equipped with the light filling light source 209 relative with collecting pipe 201 level on this support 208, and this light filling light source 209 can provide the assurance for camera 404 shoots clearer picture.
The fluid transport mechanism 3 is a mechanism for transporting a seepage fluid to the membrane test chamber 1 and applying a seepage test pressure. The fluid delivery mechanism 3 is provided with a liquid storage container 303 and a water-oil separator 110 which are connected, the water-oil separator 110 is connected with the liquid inlet hole 106 of the upper bin body 101, and the water-oil separator 110 is used for isolating water and seepage fluid.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the fluid delivery mechanism 3 further has a vacuum pump 301, the vacuum pump 301 is connected to the water-oil separator 110 through an evacuation tube 309, and the liquid storage container 303 is connected to the evacuation tube 309. Specifically, the bottom of the liquid storage container 303 is connected with the switch valve 304; the vacuum pump 301 is connected with the buffer container 308 and is connected with the switch valve 306 and the switch valve 305 in series through the vacuum pumping pipe 309; an on-off valve 304 connected to the bottom of the liquid storage container 303 between the on-off valve 306 and the on-off valve 305; the other end of the on-off valve 305 is connected with the water-oil separator 110; in this embodiment, the vacuum pump 301 may be an oil-free diaphragm vacuum pump, but other known pumping elements may be used for the vacuum pump 301 as long as the requirement of proper vacuum degree is satisfied.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the fluid delivery mechanism 3 further has a constant-flow and constant-pressure pump 302, and the constant-flow and constant-pressure pump 302 is connected to an evacuation pipe 309. The constant-flow and constant-pressure pump 302 is connected with the water-oil separator 110 through a switch valve 307; in this embodiment, the constant-flow and constant-pressure pump 302 is a single-cylinder injection pump, but other known pumping elements can be used for the constant-flow and constant-pressure pump 302 as long as the appropriate injection pressure requirement is met.
The data acquisition means 4 is a means for acquiring pressure, temperature, seepage volume and time data of the seepage process. The data acquisition mechanism 4 is provided with a pressure sensor 403, a temperature sensor 402 and a camera 404, wherein the pressure sensor 403 is connected with the liquid inlet hole 106 of the upper bin body 101, the temperature sensor 402 is arranged in the incubator 5, and the camera 404 is horizontally arranged opposite to the collecting pipe 201. Further, the data acquisition mechanism 4 further comprises a data acquisition workstation 401 and a data line 405, through the data line 405, the data acquisition workstation 401 may be respectively connected with the pressure sensor 403, the temperature sensor 402 and the camera 404 to acquire data of pressure, temperature and seepage volume in the seepage process, and simultaneously, the data acquisition workstation 401 may also acquire time data of the seepage process.
This incubator 5 is used to independently control the experimental temperature of the membrane test chamber 1. In the present invention, the membrane test chamber 1 and the fluid collection means 2 are located within the incubator 5.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the seepage fluid is selected to be toluene, the membrane 100 to be measured is an HDPE membrane, the temperature of the incubator 5 is controlled at 20 ℃, and the permeability coefficient of the membrane 100 to be measured is measured. The method for detecting the permeability coefficient of the volatile organic fluid in the impermeable membrane through the impermeable membrane seepage experimental device comprises the following steps:
step S1: preparing a sample, namely preparing the anti-seepage film into a wafer shape with a specified size by using cutting equipment or other shearing equipment; in this example, a 3mm thick HDPE film is cut into a circular piece with a diameter of 200mm to form the membrane 100 to be tested.
Step S2: and (3) loading samples, opening the membrane test bin 1, installing the membrane 100 to be tested in the membrane test bin 1, and closing the membrane test bin 1.
In the embodiment, the lower bin body 102 of the film test bin 1 is turned over to be horizontally downward, the film test bin 1 is fixed, the screw cap 105 is loosened, the screw 104 is taken out, and the upper bin body 101 is removed; and sequentially installing a metal porous plate 103 and a membrane 100 to be tested in a lower chamber 115 of a lower bin body 102, covering an upper bin body 101, inserting a screw 104, and screwing a nut 105 to close the membrane test bin 1.
Step S3: membrane test chamber 1 is filled with a liquid, upper and lower chambers 116 and 115 of membrane test chamber 1 and permeate tube 117 are filled with a permeate fluid, and air bubbles are removed from membrane test chamber 1.
In the embodiment, the lower bin body 102 of the film test bin 1 is turned over to be horizontally upward, and the film test bin 1 is fixed; after the membrane test bin 1 is connected with the fluid collecting mechanism 2 and the fluid conveying mechanism 3, closing the switch valve 304, opening the switch valve 305 and the switch valve 306, opening the bypass switch valve 111, closing the liquid outlet valve 112, adding toluene with proper volume into the liquid storage container 303, starting the vacuum pump 301 to vacuumize to a certain vacuum degree, and maintaining for a certain time; closing the switch valve 306, closing the vacuum pump 301, opening the switch valve 304, and filling the upper chamber 116 and the lower chamber 115 of the membrane test chamber 1 and the seepage tube 117 with seepage fluid by adopting a static negative pressure suction mode; on-off valve 304 and on-off valve 305 are closed, completing the fill of the seepage fluid. Covering a sealing cover 203 on the collecting pipe 201, opening an exhaust valve 205, opening a liquid outlet valve 112, setting the injection flow rate of a constant-current and constant-pressure pump 302 (in the embodiment, setting the injection flow rate of the constant-current and constant-pressure pump 302 to be 0.05mL/min), opening a switch valve 307, starting the constant-current and constant-pressure pump 302 in a constant-current mode, slowly injecting seepage fluid into the collecting bottle 204, discharging gas in each connecting pipeline, stopping the constant-current and constant-pressure pump 302, and closing the switch valve 307.
Step S4: the seepage fluid collection is prepared by filling the fluid collection means 2 with an aqueous solution saturated with seepage fluid, evacuating the air bubbles, and collecting the seepage fluid by drainage.
In this embodiment, after removing cap 203 of fluid collection mechanism 2, opening regulating valve 206, slowly filling collection vial 204 with an aqueous solution saturated with a seepage fluid using syringe 207, evacuating air bubbles from collection vial 204, closing vent valve 205 and regulating valve 206, and closing effluent valve 112.
Step S5: constant temperature control, namely setting a test temperature by adjusting the constant temperature box 5, and testing after the temperature of the constant temperature box 5 is balanced for a preset time; in this example, the test temperature was set to 20 ℃ and the test was carried out after the incubator 5 was equilibrated for 2 hours.
Step S6: carrying out a seepage experiment, carrying out the seepage experiment of the volatile organic fluid in the impermeable membrane at a set temperature and pressure, and collecting temperature, pressure, volume and time data in the experiment process; and stopping data acquisition when the seepage liquid collection volume reaches a certain range.
In this embodiment, the bypass switch valve 111 is closed, the liquid outlet valve 112 is opened, the switch valve 307 is opened, and the seepage experiment pressure of the constant-current and constant-pressure pump 302 is set; turning on the data acquisition workstation 401, turning on the light supplement light source 209, and adjusting the camera 404 to obtain a clear and amplified image of the collecting pipe 201; and starting the constant-current and constant-pressure pump 302, starting the data acquisition mechanism 4, and performing a seepage experiment. In this embodiment, the collection volume of the seepage fluid is in the range of 5 μ L to 5000 μ L, and the data collection can be stopped before the experiment is started after the data collection workstation 401 inputs a certain value of the collection volume reaching a given range; in this example, the percolation pressure was 10.0 MPa.
Step S7: finishing the experiment, and pumping out seepage fluid in the membrane test chamber 1; after the data acquisition is stopped, the constant-current and constant-pressure pump 302 is stopped, the pressure of the constant-current and constant-pressure pump 302 and the pressure of the membrane test chamber 1 are removed, and the switch valve 307 is closed; opening the on-off valve 306 and the on-off valve 305; opening the bypass switch valve 111, disconnecting the liquid inlet 210 of the fluid collecting mechanism 2 from the liquid outlet valve 112, and opening the liquid outlet valve 112; starting the vacuum pump 301, and discharging seepage fluid in the membrane test chamber 1 to the buffer container 308 in a negative pressure suction mode; the experiment was ended.
Step S8: calculating a result; the temperature T, time T, seepage V and seepage pressure difference delta P of the test are recorded by the data acquisition mechanism 4, and the permeability coefficient is calculated by the following formula.
Wherein, K is permeability coefficient, cm/s;
t-assay time, s;
v-seepage flow in time t, cm3；
A-effective permeation area of the diaphragm 100 to be measured, cm2；
h is the thickness, cm, of the membrane 100 to be tested under the test pressure difference;
Δ P-test pressure in cm (1 KPa corresponds to 10cm of water column) as height of water column;
η -viscosity coefficient ratio of the fluid,
wherein, ηTThe viscosity coefficient of the fluid at T (DEG C), kPa · s, η20Viscosity coefficient of the fluid at 20 ℃, kPa · s; t is the experimental temperature, DEG C.
Further, in the present invention, before step S4, a lateral leakage check is further included, specifically: after the completion of the priming, the upper and lower chambers 116, 115 and the permeate tube 117 of the membrane test chamber 1 were pressurized at a pressure slightly higher than the expected experimental pressure, and no pressure drop was observed over a time frame. In this embodiment, setting the seepage pressure of the constant-flow constant-pressure pump 302 to be higher than the experimental pressure by 0.5MPa, starting the constant-flow constant-pressure pump 302, pressurizing to a set value, stopping the constant-flow constant-pressure pump 302, closing the switch valve 307, and observing that the pressure should not decrease within 30min, which indicates that the membrane test chamber 1 has no lateral leakage, then executing step S4; otherwise, step S8 is executed, after the seepage fluid in the membrane test chamber 1 is discharged, the membrane test chamber 1 is opened, the seepage point is searched, and the sample is filled again.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the anti-seepage membrane seepage testing device is rotatably mounted on the membrane test chamber bracket 6, the membrane test chamber bracket 6 has two hinge ends 61 which are oppositely arranged, and two ends of the anti-seepage membrane seepage testing device are respectively connected to the two hinge ends 61.
Specifically, the membrane test chamber 1 is fixedly mounted on a membrane test chamber support 6. The film test chamber 1 can be turned over by 360 degrees in the vertical direction. When the membrane 100 to be tested is installed, the lower bin body 102 of the membrane test bin 1 is turned over to be horizontally downward, the metal porous plate 103 and the membrane 100 to be tested are sequentially installed, the upper bin body 101 of the membrane test bin 1 is covered, and the locking bolt is screwed down to close the membrane test bin 1; after the installation of the membrane sheet 100 to be tested is completed, the lower chamber body 102 of the membrane test chamber 1 is turned over to be horizontally upward for seepage fluid filling, seepage experiments and seepage fluid extraction.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the three-channel impermeable membrane seepage experimental device of the present invention. In the present invention, a plurality of membrane test chambers 1 and a plurality of fluid collecting mechanisms 2 may be provided in the incubator 5, and each membrane test chamber 1 is connected to each fluid collecting mechanism 2.
Specifically, in this embodiment, three membrane test chambers 1 and three fluid collecting mechanisms 2, as well as three pressure sensors 403 and three cameras 404 may be simultaneously installed in the incubator 5 of the apparatus; the liquid inlet holes 106 of the three membrane test bins 1 can share one fluid conveying mechanism 3, and can also be respectively connected with 2-3 fluid conveying mechanisms 3; the data acquisition mechanism 4 can simultaneously acquire temperature, pressure, volume and time data of the three test channels and simultaneously perform three-channel seepage experiments.
The seepage experiment device of the impermeable membrane can detect the seepage coefficient range of 4 multiplied by 10-16cm/s～2×10-8The differential pressure regulating range of the cm/s diaphragm to be measured 100 is between 0.1MPa and 10.0 MPa.
Compared with the prior art, the seepage experimental device for the impermeable membrane has the following characteristics and advantages:
1. the membrane 100 to be measured is sealed by adopting the upper side leakage prevention convex ring 114 and the lower side leakage prevention convex ring 113 which are arranged in a staggered way, so that the problem that the permeability coefficient is lower than 1.0 multiplied by 10 is solved-12The problem of lateral leakage caused by sealing by adopting a sealing ring in a cm/s ultra-low permeability film test is solved, and the accuracy of a detection result is improved;
the staggered side leakage prevention convex ring sealing technology is characterized in that: (1) due to the fact that the thickness of the part of the membrane 100 to be measured is not uniform or air holes exist, a conventional clamping method is adopted, and lateral leakage exists at the thinner edge part; the upper side leakage prevention convex ring 114 and the lower side leakage prevention convex ring 113 are used for sealing, after the membrane 100 to be detected is clamped tightly, the upper side leakage prevention convex ring 114 and the lower side leakage prevention convex ring 113 are extruded and embedded into the outer edge of the membrane 100 to be detected and can still be embedded into a thinner area of the outer edge of the membrane 100 to be detected, so that a continuous annular groove is formed on the outer edge of the membrane 100 to be detected, the convex rings are tightly attached to the groove, the local part of the membrane 100 to be detected becomes more compact, and seepage fluid can be effectively prevented from seeping along the lateral direction of the membrane 100 to be detected; the upper side leakage prevention convex rings 114 and the lower side leakage prevention convex rings 113 are arranged in a staggered manner, so that the effect of preventing the lateral seepage of the membrane 100 to be detected is enhanced, and the vertical shearing effect on the membrane to be detected is avoided; (2) assuming that the diaphragm 100 to be tested has the same property in seepage velocity, the clamping width of the edge of the diaphragm to be tested is 6-50 times of the thickness of the diaphragm to be tested, so that the seepage area of the diaphragm 100 to be tested is constructed into a dominant seepage area, seepage fluid can seep in the vertical direction of the diaphragm to be tested preferentially, and lateral seepage is prevented; (3) the to-be-tested diaphragm 100 of the clamping part is more compact and lower in permeability, the natural sealing performance of the edge of the to-be-tested diaphragm is ingeniously utilized, and lateral leakage is effectively prevented;
2. the fluid collecting mechanism 2 for collecting and metering the seepage liquid is a closed system, so that when a volatile organic fluid is adopted for an experiment, the volatilization loss of the seepage liquid in the experiment process is effectively controlled, and the accuracy of a detection result is improved; and simultaneously reduces the using amount of seepage fluid with toxic action.
3. The experimental channel is expanded, the automation degree of the device is improved, and the sample detection efficiency is improved.
The above description is only a few embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the embodiments of the present invention according to the disclosure of the application document without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An anti-seepage membrane seepage experimental device is characterized by comprising:
the membrane test bin is provided with an upper bin body and a lower bin body which can be buckled with each other, an upper cavity and a lower cavity are respectively arranged on the end surfaces of the upper bin body and the lower bin body which are buckled with each other, the upper bin body is provided with a liquid inlet hole and an upper seepage hole which can be communicated with the upper cavity, the lower bin body is provided with a liquid outlet hole and a lower seepage hole which can be communicated with the lower cavity, the upper seepage hole and the lower seepage hole are communicated with each other through a seepage pipe, and a membrane to be tested is clamped between the upper bin body and the lower bin body; wherein, the clamping surfaces of the upper bin body and the lower bin body which are opposite are respectively provided with an upper side leakage prevention convex ring and a lower side leakage prevention convex ring;
the fluid collecting mechanism is provided with a collecting pipe and a collecting bottle which are connected, and the collecting bottle is connected with the liquid outlet hole of the lower bin body;
the fluid conveying mechanism is provided with a liquid storage container and a water-oil separator which are connected, and the water-oil separator is connected with the liquid inlet hole of the upper bin body;
the membrane test bin and the fluid collecting mechanism are positioned in the constant temperature box;
the data acquisition mechanism is provided with a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and a camera, the pressure sensor is connected with the liquid inlet hole of the upper bin body, the temperature sensor is arranged in the thermostat, and the camera is horizontally arranged opposite to the collecting pipe.
2. The seepage-proofing film seepage experimental device according to claim 1, wherein a metal permeable plate is placed in the lower chamber of the lower silo body, and the metal permeable plate is positioned between the membrane to be tested and the lower silo body.
3. The barrier membrane seepage testing apparatus of claim 1 wherein the outer diameter of said upper side leakage prevention collar is larger or smaller than the outer diameter of said lower side leakage prevention collar.
4. The seepage-proofing membrane seepage flow experimental device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the middle part of the collecting bottle is connected with a syringe through a regulating valve, and the top part of the collecting bottle is connected with an exhaust valve.
5. The apparatus for testing seepage of impermeable membrane according to claim 1, wherein an oil seal layer is arranged in the collecting pipe; the collecting pipe is fixed on the bracket, and the bracket is provided with a light supplementing light source horizontally opposite to the collecting pipe.
6. The seepage-proofing membrane seepage experimental device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a liquid inlet connected with the liquid inlet hole is arranged at the bottom of the collecting bottle, a water outlet connected with the bottom of the collecting pipe is arranged at the middle part of the collecting bottle, and water is contained in the collecting bottle.
7. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the fluid transfer mechanism further comprises a vacuum pump connected to the water-oil separator via an evacuation tube, and the reservoir is connected to the evacuation tube.
8. The seepage control membrane seepage flow experimental apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the fluid conveying mechanism is further provided with a constant-flow and constant-pressure pump, and the constant-flow and constant-pressure pump is connected to the vacuum pumping pipe.
9. The impermeable membrane seepage testing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the impermeable membrane seepage testing apparatus is rotatably mounted on a membrane test chamber support, the membrane test chamber support has two hinge ends which are oppositely arranged, and two ends of the impermeable membrane seepage testing apparatus are respectively connected to the two hinge ends.
10. The impermeable membrane seepage flow experimental apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of membrane test chambers and a plurality of fluid collecting mechanisms are arranged in the incubator, and each membrane test chamber is connected with each fluid collecting mechanism.
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