CN111256805A - Method and system for transversely positioning vibration source of distributed optical fiber vibration sensor - Google Patents
Method and system for transversely positioning vibration source of distributed optical fiber vibration sensor Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for transversely positioning a vibration source of a distributed optical fiber vibration sensor, which comprises the following steps: s1: acquiring space-time vibration data of optical fiber space distribution caused by a single-point vibration source; s2: calculating the position of an optical fiber axial vibration center closest to a vibration source on the sensing optical fiber according to the time-space vibration data; s3: respectively obtaining the wave width delta t of vibration data of the axial vibration center of the optical fiber and a monitoring point which is spaced from the axial vibration center by a distance d through vibration space-time data1，Δt2(ii) a S4: and obtaining the transverse distance between the vibration source and the axial vibration center of the optical fiber according to the seismic wave dispersion principle. The invention can obtain the transverse position information of the vibration source through a small amount of calculation, thereby greatly reducing the false alarm in practical application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of distributed optical fiber Rayleigh scattering vibration sensing systems, in particular to a method and a system for transversely positioning a vibration source of a distributed optical fiber vibration sensor.
Background
Distributed optical fiber vibration sensor is a device developed in recent decades for real-time measurementThe optical fiber sensing system of spatial vibration information distribution. After decades of development, the technology is mature.
The distributed optical fiber vibration sensing system utilizes Rayleigh scattering signals, and the disturbance position can be calculated according to the OTDR principle by the following formula:
wherein, Δ t is the time from sending the pulse to receiving the point light signal; c, the speed of light; n is the refractive index of the fiber core.
In recent years, the system has attracted much attention in pipeline detection, security detection, and the like. In a long-distance pipeline, the distributed optical fiber vibration sensing system senses vibration information along the pipeline by using the optical cable laid in the same ditch as an accompanying sensing medium, intelligently identifies an invasion event along the pipeline, and realizes real-time monitoring, positioning, early warning and alarming on the pipeline. At present, the mainstream distributed optical fiber vibration sensor only has an optical fiber axial positioning function, and the practical application of the distributed optical fiber vibration sensor is limited. If the transverse positioning function is available, false alarms of a plurality of non-threat events can be reduced. For example, in a place with a transverse distance of 50 meters of the optical cable, a road is provided, large vehicles pass through the road, vibration is transmitted to the optical cable, and false alarm is caused. If the system can locate the transverse position of the vibration source, the safety distance of the vibration source on the optical cable can be judged, no threat exists, no alarm is given, and similar false alarm can be reduced.
However, there are few patents relating to lateral positioning of vibration sources, and imperfections exist. Such as the patents: CN 103954349B is a lateral positioning method of a distributed optical fiber vibration sensing system. The method is the most basic positioning principle, but the accurate propagation speed of the vibration wave in the soil needs to be known, but the sensing speed of the vibration wave in different soils (soil quality, water content and the like) is different. Patent CN 103292889B is a vibration source positioning method for distributed optical fiber vibration sensor. The method has large data volume and higher real-time processing requirement.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the existing distributed optical fiber vibration sensor vibration source transverse positioning method or the improvement requirement, the invention provides a distributed optical fiber vibration sensor vibration source transverse positioning method and a distributed optical fiber vibration sensor vibration source transverse positioning system.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the method for transversely positioning the vibration source of the distributed optical fiber vibration sensor comprises the following steps:
s1: acquiring space-time vibration data of optical fiber space distribution caused by a single-point vibration source;
s2: calculating the position of an optical fiber axial vibration center closest to a vibration source on the sensing optical fiber according to the time-space vibration data;
s3: respectively obtaining the wave width delta t of vibration data of the axial vibration center of the optical fiber and a monitoring point which is spaced from the axial vibration center by a distance d through vibration space-time data1，Δt2；
S4: obtaining the transverse distance L between a vibration source and the axial vibration center of the optical fiber according to the principle of seismic wave dispersion:
according to the technical scheme, the vibration wave of the vibration source comprises waves with a plurality of frequencies, the axial vibration center of the optical fiber and the vibration wave with continuous frequency envelope are induced by the monitoring point, and the interval between the wave with the highest speed and the wave with the lowest speed reaching the axial vibration center of the optical fiber is the width delta t of the vibration wave1The interval between the wave with the highest speed and the wave with the lowest speed reaching the axial vibration center of the optical fiber is the vibration wave width delta t2。
According to the technical scheme, the distance d from the monitoring point to the axial vibration center of the optical fiber is larger than the error range of distance calculation and is within the sound transmission range of the vibration source.
The technical scheme also comprises the following steps:
and selecting a plurality of monitoring points, repeating the steps of the steps S3 and S4, respectively calculating the transverse distance L, and taking an average value.
The invention also provides a system for transversely positioning the vibration source of the distributed optical fiber vibration sensor, which comprises:
the space-time vibration data acquisition module is used for acquiring space-time vibration data of optical fiber space distribution caused by a single-point vibration source;
the optical fiber axial vibration center position calculation module is used for calculating the position of the optical fiber axial vibration center closest to the vibration source on the sensing optical fiber according to the space-time vibration data;
a vibration data wave width obtaining module for respectively obtaining the vibration data wave width delta t of the optical fiber axial vibration center and the monitoring point with the distance d from the optical fiber axial vibration center through vibration space-time data1，Δt2；
And the transverse distance calculation module is used for obtaining the transverse distance L between the vibration source and the axial vibration center of the optical fiber according to the seismic wave dispersion principle:
according to the technical scheme, the vibration wave of the vibration source comprises waves with a plurality of frequencies, the axial vibration center of the optical fiber and the vibration wave with continuous frequency envelope are induced by the monitoring point, and the interval between the wave with the highest speed and the wave with the lowest speed reaching the axial vibration center of the optical fiber is the width delta t of the vibration wave1The interval between the wave with the highest speed and the wave with the lowest speed reaching the axial vibration center of the optical fiber is the vibration wave width delta t2。
According to the technical scheme, the distance d from the monitoring point to the axial vibration center of the optical fiber is larger than the error range of distance calculation and is within the sound transmission range of the vibration source.
According to the technical scheme, the vibration data wave width acquisition module is further used for acquiring the vibration data wave widths of the multiple monitoring points, and the transverse distance calculation module is used for calculating the transverse distances of the multiple monitoring points.
The invention also provides a computer storage medium, in which a computer program executable by a computer processor is stored, the computer program executing the method for laterally positioning the vibration source of the distributed optical fiber vibration sensor according to the above technical scheme.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) according to the method for transversely positioning the vibration source of the distributed optical fiber vibration sensor, under the existing equipment indexes, vibration waves containing multiple frequencies and emitted by a single-point vibration source are dispersed in the same medium, the propagation speeds of the vibration waves are different, the widths of the vibration waves are measured at an optical fiber axial vibration center and a monitoring point respectively, and then the distance from the optical fiber axial vibration center to the vibration source is calculated.
2) Due to the adoption of the method of the reference point, the difficulty of calculating the propagation speed of the soil vibration wave (different soils, different structures and different weather can influence the propagation speed of the vibration wave) is avoided. If the positioning needs to calibrate the vibration propagation speed, the conditions are changed, and the calibration is needed again, so that the method cannot be applied in practice. )
3) The information of the transverse position of the vibration source can be obtained through a small amount of calculation, and the false alarm in practical application is greatly reduced.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for laterally positioning a vibration source of a distributed optical fiber vibration sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a principle of a lateral positioning method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a system for laterally positioning a vibration source of a distributed optical fiber vibration sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for laterally positioning a vibration source of a distributed optical fiber vibration sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
s1: acquiring space-time vibration data of optical fiber space distribution caused by a single-point vibration source;
s2: calculating the position of an optical fiber axial vibration center closest to a vibration source on the sensing optical fiber according to the time-space vibration data;
s3: respectively obtaining the wave width delta t of vibration data of the axial vibration center of the optical fiber and a monitoring point which is spaced from the axial vibration center by a distance d through vibration space-time data1，Δt2；
S4: obtaining the transverse distance L between a vibration source and the axial vibration center of the optical fiber according to the principle of seismic wave dispersion:
for the accuracy of the measurement, a plurality of monitoring points may be selected, and the steps of steps S3 and S4 may be repeated to calculate the lateral distance L, respectively, and the average value may be taken.
Fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a principle of a lateral positioning method according to an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 2(a), A is a vibration source; and C is the unit closest to the vibration source on the sensing optical fiber, namely the axial vibration center on the optical fiber. The AC is perpendicular to the fiber, and the distance L of the AC is also the vibration source lateral distance. And B is a monitoring unit which is arranged on the optical fiber and is spaced from the axial vibration center C by a distance d.
Currently, most papers and patents show detailed methods for calculating the distance from the fiber start segment to point C (for example, patents CN 102628698A, CN 106092305A, CN 104964699 a, CN 108088548A, CN 107101658A, etc.), and rarely show the size of L.
Patent CN 103954349B presents a method of calculating the vibration source distance AC. The method has the advantages that: (1) CN 103954349B adopts the fact that the intensity of the vibration wave reaches different positions of the optical fiber at different times to calculate the distance L. The method adopts the vibration wave dispersion principle, and the L is calculated by different time differences of different waves of a vibration source reaching the same position of the optical fiber. (2) CN 103954349B must use two different points on the optical fiber to sense the time difference and know the velocity of the vibration wave. If the propagation velocities of different waves are known, the distance L can be obtained by using the following formula (1). (3) It is practically impossible to obtain the propagation velocity of the vibration wave in the soil and then calculate the distance L. Because of different soils, different structures and different weather conditions, the vibration propagation speed is influenced. If the vibration propagation speed needs to be calibrated for calculating L, the vibration propagation speed needs to be calibrated again when the conditions are changed, and the method cannot be applied in practice. The method adopts a reference point method, avoids calculating the vibration wave speed, and obtains the distance L. In equations (1) and (2) below, although the speed parameter occurs, it can be eliminated by an algorithm. The practical significance is that the change of soil, structure, weather and rainwater can simultaneously affect the dispersion of the vibration wave, but the influence can be avoided by the method of reference ratio. (4) The calculation error of the method is smaller than that of CN 103954349B. The distance between a vibration source and the optical fiber is not very far, and the range is from several meters to dozens of meters (if the distance is too large, the vibration wave is basically not transmitted, and the vibration wave cannot be sensed by the distributed optical fiber vibration sensor, so the transverse positioning error is required to be small.
This patent presents a method of calculating the size of L. The principle is as follows:
the vibration wave of the vibration source comprises waves with a plurality of frequencies, dispersion exists in the same medium, and the propagation speeds are different. As shown in fig. 2 (a). Wave vibration of multiple frequencies in a vibration source is transmitted to a point C of an optical fiber, namely the point C induces vibration waves with continuous frequency envelopes, so that the v with the highest speed is inevitable1Wave sum velocity v being slowest2A wave. When the wave with the highest speed reaches the point C, the vibration starts until the wave with the lowest speed reaches the point C, the vibration ends, and the vibration wave width delta t is obtained1. As shown in fig. 2(b), the abscissa is the length of the optical fiber, the ordinate is time, and the graph is the intensity or phase of one monitoring unit in the optical fiber as a function of time.
Similarly, the position B (spaced from the vibration center by a distance d) has the same vibration wave width Δ t2。
From fig. 2(a), we can obtain the information that the AC distance L is to be calculated;
the CB distance is d and can be obtained from vibration space-time data; distance of AB
C, difference between the fastest and slowest wave transmission times, i.e. width Δ t of the oscillating wave1The vibration space-time data of the single point can be obtained; Δ t of point B in the same manner2May also be obtained.
According to the relation of distance, speed and time, the AC and AB vibration propagation relation can be obtained
In the formulas (1) and (2), the velocity v1，v2Is unknown and L is calculated.
By dividing equation (2) by equation (1), we can obtain
From equation (3), it can be calculated
From the above analysis process, it can be seen that the method does not need to know the propagation velocity of the vibration wave in the soil, and the transverse distance can be obtained by the simplest calculation method.
As shown in fig. 3, the present invention further provides a system for laterally positioning a vibration source of a distributed optical fiber vibration sensor, which is mainly used for implementing the lateral positioning method of the foregoing embodiment, and the system includes:
the space-time vibration data acquisition module is used for acquiring space-time vibration data of optical fiber space distribution caused by a single-point vibration source;
the optical fiber axial vibration center position calculation module is used for calculating the position of the optical fiber axial vibration center closest to the vibration source on the sensing optical fiber according to the space-time vibration data;
a vibration data wave width obtaining module for respectively obtaining the vibration data wave width delta t of the optical fiber axial vibration center and the monitoring point with the distance d from the optical fiber axial vibration center through vibration space-time data1，Δt2；
And the transverse distance calculation module is used for obtaining the transverse distance L between the vibration source and the axial vibration center of the optical fiber according to the seismic wave dispersion principle:
the vibration wave of vibration source includes multiple frequency waves, the fiber axial vibration center and the monitoring point induce vibration wave with continuous frequency envelope, and the interval between the wave with the highest speed and the wave with the lowest speed reaching the fiber axial vibration center is vibration wave width delta t1The interval between the wave with the highest speed and the wave with the lowest speed reaching the axial vibration center of the optical fiber is the vibration wave width delta t2。
The distance d from the monitoring point to the axial vibration center of the optical fiber is larger than the error range of distance calculation and is within the sound propagation range of the vibration source.
The vibration data wave width acquisition module is also used for acquiring the vibration data wave widths of the multiple monitoring points, and the transverse distance calculation module is used for calculating the transverse distances of the multiple monitoring points.
The computer storage medium of the embodiment of the present invention stores therein a computer program executable by a computer processor, the computer program executing the method for laterally positioning a vibration source of a distributed optical fiber vibration sensor of the above-described embodiment.
It will be understood that modifications and variations can be made by persons skilled in the art in light of the above teachings and all such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A method for transversely positioning a vibration source of a distributed optical fiber vibration sensor is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: acquiring space-time vibration data of optical fiber space distribution caused by a single-point vibration source;
s2: calculating the position of an optical fiber axial vibration center closest to a vibration source on the sensing optical fiber according to the time-space vibration data;
s3: respectively obtaining the wave width delta t of vibration data of the axial vibration center of the optical fiber and a monitoring point which is spaced from the axial vibration center by a distance d through vibration space-time data1，Δt2；
S4: obtaining the transverse distance L between a vibration source and the axial vibration center of the optical fiber according to the principle of seismic wave dispersion:
2. the method of claim 1, wherein the vibration wave of the vibration source comprises a plurality of frequency waves, the fiber axial vibration center and the monitoring point sense the vibration wave with continuous frequency envelope, and the interval between the wave with the highest speed and the wave with the lowest speed reaching the fiber axial vibration center is the vibration wave width Δ t1The interval between the wave with the highest speed and the wave with the lowest speed reaching the axial vibration center of the optical fiber is the vibration wave width delta t2。
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the distance d from the monitoring point to the axial vibration center of the optical fiber is greater than the error range of the distance calculation and is within the sound propagation range of the vibration source.
4. A method for laterally positioning a vibration source of a distributed optical fiber vibration sensor according to claim 1, further comprising the steps of:
and selecting a plurality of monitoring points, repeating the steps of the steps S3 and S4, respectively calculating the transverse distance L, and taking an average value.
5. A distributed optical fiber vibration sensor vibration source transverse positioning system is characterized by comprising:
the space-time vibration data acquisition module is used for acquiring space-time vibration data of optical fiber space distribution caused by a single-point vibration source;
the optical fiber axial vibration center position calculation module is used for calculating the position of the optical fiber axial vibration center closest to the vibration source on the sensing optical fiber according to the space-time vibration data;
a vibration data wave width obtaining module for respectively obtaining the vibration data wave width delta t of the optical fiber axial vibration center and the monitoring point with the distance d from the optical fiber axial vibration center through vibration space-time data1，Δt2；
And the transverse distance calculation module is used for obtaining the transverse distance L between the vibration source and the axial vibration center of the optical fiber according to the seismic wave dispersion principle:
6. the system of claim 5, wherein the vibration source comprises a plurality of frequency waves, the fiber axial vibration center and the monitoring point sense the continuous frequency envelope vibration waves, and the interval between the fastest vibration wave and the slowest wave reaching the fiber axial vibration center is the vibration wave width Δ t1The interval between the wave with the highest speed and the wave with the lowest speed reaching the axial vibration center of the optical fiber is the vibration wave width delta t2。
7. The system of claim 5, wherein the distance d from the monitoring point to the center of axial vibration of the fiber is greater than the error range of the distance calculation and is within the sound propagation range of the vibration source.
8. The system for laterally positioning the vibration source of the distributed optical fiber vibration sensor according to claim 5, wherein the vibration data wave width acquisition module is further configured to acquire the vibration data wave widths of a plurality of monitoring points, and the lateral distance calculation module is configured to calculate the lateral distances of the plurality of monitoring points.
9. A computer storage medium having stored therein a computer program executable by a computer processor, the computer program performing the method of lateral localization of a vibration source of a distributed fiber optic vibration sensor according to any of claims 1-4.
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| CN113569441A (en) * | 2021-06-15 | 2021-10-29 | 上海核工程研究设计院有限公司 | Method for screening pipeline vibration and selecting monitoring points |
| CN114046867A (en) * | 2021-11-04 | 2022-02-15 | 国家石油天然气管网集团有限公司 | Vibration source transverse distance estimation method based on distributed optical fiber vibration sensing system |
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| CN112484837A (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2021-03-12 | 电子科技大学 | Optical fiber space positioning system and implementation method thereof |
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| CN113569441A (en) * | 2021-06-15 | 2021-10-29 | 上海核工程研究设计院有限公司 | Method for screening pipeline vibration and selecting monitoring points |
| CN113569441B (en) * | 2021-06-15 | 2024-04-09 | 上海核工程研究设计院股份有限公司 | Pipeline vibration screening and monitoring point selecting method |
| CN114046867A (en) * | 2021-11-04 | 2022-02-15 | 国家石油天然气管网集团有限公司 | Vibration source transverse distance estimation method based on distributed optical fiber vibration sensing system |
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