CN111255435A - Method for calculating shale content of complex reservoir - Google Patents
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Abstract
A method for calculating the mud content of a complex reservoir includes the first step of calculating the mud content of a whole well section by using a natural gamma empirical formula, the second step of calculating △ SP value, the third step of identifying a conventional reservoir and a high-gamma reservoir, the fourth step of establishing an explanation model of natural gamma GR and the mud content SH of the conventional reservoir, and the fifth step of establishing an explanation model based on e△spGR well logging reconstruction of the dynamic correction factor; sixthly, carrying out shale content calculation on the complex reservoir, wherein example calculation results show that shale content calculation is carried out on the complex reservoir; the method can accurately evaluate the content of the shale of the complex reservoir, is easy to popularize, lays an important foundation for the explanation of reservoir parameters, and has important application prospect and economic value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of oil and gas field exploration, in particular to a shale content calculation method for a complex reservoir stratum.
Background
The method mainly comprises the following steps of calculating the shale content by using a natural gamma curve (SIMAR, 2013), mainly adopting a natural energy spectrum curve to calculate the shale content, mainly adopting a uranium-depleted natural gamma curve and a time difference AC, a compensation density DEN and a compensation neutron CNL to carry out linear regression, finally adopting an empirical formula to calculate the shale content, adopting a GR, SP, CNL-DEN and a logging resistivity RT combined method to obtain a minimum value, calculating the shale content of the high-low-interaction reservoir (which is common to the reservoirs, a patent authorization publication No. CN103809217B) ③, a natural potential compact GR, a method for calculating the shale content by using GR and SP combined with the radioactive substance (application No. 2018111384501), calculating the shale content of the high-permeability stratum by using a gamma curve containing high-earth pore space C, a GR-GR, a GR-GR combined with the natural potential compact GR, a pore space GR combined with the radioactive substance, a GR and a GR combined with the smallest gamma curve, a pore space curve, a resistivity GR combined with a pore space curve, a porosity curve.
Therefore, because the existing method for calculating the shale content of the reservoir with high gamma content has the common defect that the AC or CNL is not subjected to permeability or porosity correction, the problem that the shale content of the pore or permeability reservoir is explained to a higher degree is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a shale content calculation method for a complex reservoir, which is characterized in that on the basis of high-gamma reservoir identification, logging parameters of a conventional reservoir are adopted, and on the basis of porosity or permeability correction of acoustic wave time difference AC and compensated neutron CNL, a shale content calculation model which is not influenced by reservoir radioactivity is constructed.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a complicated reservoir shale content calculation method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: calculating the mud content of the whole well section by using a natural gamma empirical formula
Wherein GR is a natural gamma value of a certain depth logging, SHV is a argillaceous index, GMIN is a natural gamma GR value of sandstone, GMAX is a natural gamma GR value of most of mudstones, SH is a argillaceous content, and CC is an empirical index of the argillaceous content;
step two, calculating △ SP value
△ SP is logging SP abnormal amplitude difference, the larger the amplitude difference is, the lower the reservoir shale content is, otherwise, the higher the reservoir shale content is, the SPminLogging SP values, SP, for sandstonemaxThe SP value of the mudstone is the logging natural potential value of a certain depth;
step three: identifying conventional and high gamma reservoirs
Utilizing natural gamma GR and acoustic wave time difference AC logging to identify a high gamma reservoir, wherein logging response characteristics show that the GR of the high gamma reservoir is more than 100API, and the AC is less than 240 us/m; the GR of the conventional reservoir is less than 100, and the AC is generally less than 240 us/m;
step four: establishing general reservoir GR and SH explanation model
According to the correlation analysis, establishing a natural gamma GR <100API layer shale content power function explanation model:
SH＝b0*GRb1(4)
in the formula: b0 and b1 are constants;
step five: establishment based on e△SPDynamic correction factor corrected GR log reconstruction
Introducing correction e△SPDynamic as a correction factor for permeability or porosity of reservoir AC and CNL, establishing GR and PIVI E in conventional reservoir section△SP、PE、CNL/e△SPEstablishing a regression model:
GR＝a+b*PIVI*e△SP+c*PE+d*CNL/e△SP(5)
in the formula: GR is the natural gamma value of logging, PIVI is 3.048 105/AC，e△spThe correction factor is a dynamic correction factor, the lithologic photoelectric cross section of PE is provided, CNL is a compensation neutron, and a, b, c and d are equation coefficients which are constants;
step six: shale content calculation of complex reservoir
And (3) calculating the shale content in the conventional reservoir (GR <90API) and the interval AC >240us/m by adopting the formula (1) and the formula (2), reconstructing a GR curve by utilizing the formula (5) in the fifth step in the high-gamma reservoir interval, and then calculating the shale content of the high-gamma reservoir by utilizing the formula (4) in the fourth step.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention is a method for calculating the shale content of a complex reservoir, and introduces e△spAnd the pores or permeability of the AC and the CNL are dynamically corrected, so that the problem of high calculated content of the argillaceous substances caused by the development of the pores of the reservoir in the prior art is effectively solved. In addition, the prior art needs a large amount of sample test analysis data as a basis for calculating the argillaceous content, and the reliability of an interpretation model is greatly influenced by the amount and the representativeness of the sample data. The model established by the invention is mainly based on the logging data of the conventional reservoir stratum to directly establish an explanation model, the experimental data of the test sample does not influence the reliability of the established model, and certainly, the test data of a small amount of samples can be adopted for verification. Therefore, it is easy to popularizeParticularly in areas where the sample test data is relatively deficient. Therefore, the method has the advantage of accurately evaluating the shale content of the complex reservoir, lays an important foundation for the interpretation of reservoir parameters, and has important application prospect and economic value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of shale content calculation for a complex reservoir.
FIG. 2 is a model of calculation of the shale content in the example.
FIG. 3 is a graph of the calculation results of the shale content of the complex reservoir in the example.
Detailed Description
The following examples are given to illustrate specific applications of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a method for shale content of a complex reservoir comprises the following steps:
a complicated reservoir shale content calculation method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: calculating the mud content of the whole well section by using a natural gamma empirical formula
Calculating the shale content by using the two empirical formulas, wherein GR is a natural gamma value of a certain depth logging, SHV is a shale index, GMIN is a natural gamma GR value of sandstone, GMAX is a natural gamma GR value of most of mudstones, SH is the shale content, CC is a shale content empirical index, and CC is 2.0 for an old stratum;
step two, calculating △ SP value
In the formula: in order to log the abnormal amplitude difference of the SP, the larger the amplitude difference is, the lower the shale content of the reservoir is, otherwise, the higher the shale content of the reservoir is, the SPminLogging SP values, SP, for sandstonemaxAnd (3) obtaining the SP value of the mudstone, wherein the SP value is the logging natural potential value of a certain depth.
Step three: identifying conventional and high gamma reservoirs
And identifying a high-gamma reservoir by using GR and AC logging, wherein the logging response characteristics show that the GR of the high-gamma reservoir is generally larger than 100API, the AC is generally smaller than 240us/m, the GR of the conventional reservoir is smaller than 100, and the AC is generally smaller than 240 us/m.
Step four: establishing general reservoir GR and SH explanation model
According to the correlation analysis, a natural gamma GR <100API layer shale content power function interpretation model is established, b0 is 0.027, b1 is 1.606 (table 1 and figure 2), and the correlation R is 0.89, so that the correlation is high.
SH＝0.027*GR1.606(4)
TABLE 1 model totalization and parameter evaluation
Dependent variable sh
The argument is GR.
Step five: establishment based on e△SPDynamic correction factor corrected GR log reconstruction
At present, GR reconstruction mainly utilizes direct linear regression of parameters such as AC, CNL and DEN, and the principle is that the larger the parameter values are, the larger GR is, just as the AC or CNL is in the reservoir development interval, the larger the GR is, as described in the technical background of the invention, the larger the AC or CNL is. To this end, the invention introduces a correction e△SPAs a dynamic correction factor for permeability or porosity of reservoir AC and CNL, the better the reservoir pores are, the more obvious the AC or CNL is corrected, and the corrected AC or CNL becomes smaller, so that the GR value constructed is also smaller, the natural color of the reservoir is reduced, and systematic errors caused by pore development can not be brought to the shale content explanation. Mudstone AC is generally larger than sandstone AC values, but the data is not very different. To amplify the speed difference of two lithologies, a PIVI parameter (PIVI-3.048-10) is specifically introduced5/AC, where AC units us/ft), the difference in mudstone and sandstone wave velocities is large, so the PIVI difference will be relatively large. In the conventional reservoir section, G is establishedR and PIVI, DEN, PE, CNL/e△SP、AC、SH、PIVI*e△spCorrelation analysis (table 2).
TABLE 2 correlation analysis of Natural Gamma GR with other parameters
From Table 1, e is not performed△SPCalibration, poor correlation of AC and CNL with GR, poor correlation of AC with GR-0.124, AC passing e△SPAfter correction, the correlation is increased to 0.843, the correlation is increased by 0.721, and the effect is obvious. AC through PIVI (3.048 x 10)5AC) calculation conversion, the wave velocity difference between mudstone and sandstone is amplified, the correlation with GR is improved, and R is 0.137, but is poor, which is mainly caused by reservoir development pores. Through e△SPAfter correction of the correction factor, PIVI e△SPThe correlation with GR is improved from 0.134 to 0.865, the correlation is improved by 0.731, the correction effect is good, and CNL/e△SPThe GR correlation is improved from 0.741 to 0.863, the correlation is increased by 0.122, the correlation is increased by one order of magnitude, and the correction effect is good. Therefore, GR and PIVI are preferred△SP、PE、CNL/e△SPRegression model was established (table 3):
TABLE 3 regression model parameters
GR＝76.757-0.008*PIVI*e△SP+11.008*PE+1.4166*CNL/e△SP(5)
In the formula: GR is the natural gamma value of logging, PIVI is 3.048 105/AC，e△spFor dynamic correction factor, the lithologic photoelectric section of PE, CNL is a compensation neutron, and a, b, c and d are equation coefficients, where a is 76.757, b is-0.008, c is 11.008, and d is 1.4166;
TABLE 4 model correlation Table
| Model (model) | R | Square of R | Adjusted R square |
| 1 | .912 | .831 | 0.831 |
The correlation of the model is up to 0.912 based on e△SPThe correction factor corrected GR log reconstruction model was reliable (table 4).
Step six: shale content calculation of complex reservoir
And calculating the shale content in the conventional reservoir (GR <100API) or the interval AC >240us/m by adopting the formula 1 and the formula 2, reconstructing a GR curve by utilizing the formula 5 in the fifth step in the high-gamma reservoir interval, and then calculating the shale content of the high-gamma reservoir by utilizing the formula 4 in the fourth step.
Taking a149 well as an example, through analysis of the shale content SH in core analysis by a comparative analysis (shown in figure 3 and table 5), the conventional method has the defects that the error of the shale content of a high-gamma reservoir is larger, the average absolute error is 30.19 percent, the relative error is 87.7 percent, the average absolute error of the invention is 0.99 percent, the relative error is 3.83 percent, the absolute error is reduced by 29.2 percent compared with the conventional method, and the relative error is reduced by 83.87 percent. The method has obviously higher precision for calculating the shale content of the complex reservoir compared with the traditional method and has good calculation effect.
TABLE 5 shale content SH calculation error analysis (A149 well)
Claims (1)
1. A complicated reservoir shale content calculation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: calculating the mud content of the whole well section by using a natural gamma empirical formula
Wherein GR is a natural gamma value of a certain depth logging, SHV is a argillaceous index, GMIN is a natural gamma GR value of sandstone, GMAX is a natural gamma GR value of most of mudstones, SH is a argillaceous content, and CC is an empirical index of the argillaceous content;
step two, calculating △ SP value
△ SP is logging SP abnormal amplitude difference, the larger the amplitude difference is, the lower the reservoir shale content is, otherwise, the higher the reservoir shale content is, the SPminLogging SP values, SP, for sandstonemaxThe SP value of the mudstone is the logging natural potential value of a certain depth;
step three: identifying conventional and high gamma reservoirs
Utilizing natural gamma GR and acoustic wave time difference AC logging to identify a high gamma reservoir, wherein logging response characteristics show that the GR of the high gamma reservoir is more than 100API, and the AC is less than 240 us/m; the GR of the conventional reservoir is less than 100, and the AC is generally less than 240 us/m;
step four: establishing general reservoir GR and SH explanation model
According to the correlation analysis, establishing a natural gamma GR <100API layer shale content power function explanation model:
SH＝b0*GRb1(4)
in the formula: b0 and b1 are constants;
step five: establishment based on e△SPDynamic correction factor corrected GR log reconstruction
Introducing correction e△SPDynamic as a correction factor for permeability or porosity of reservoir AC and CNL, establishing GR and PIVI E in conventional reservoir section△SP、PE、CNL/e△SPEstablishing a regression model:
GR＝a+b*PIVI*e△SP+c*PE+d*CNL/e△SP(5)
in the formula: GR is the natural gamma value of logging, PIVI is 3.048 105/AC，e△spThe correction factor is a dynamic correction factor, the lithologic photoelectric cross section of PE is provided, CNL is a compensation neutron, and a, b, c and d are equation coefficients which are constants;
step six: shale content calculation of complex reservoir
And (3) calculating the shale content in the conventional reservoir (GR <90API) and the interval AC >240us/m by adopting the formula (1) and the formula (2), reconstructing a GR curve by utilizing the formula (5) in the fifth step in the high-gamma reservoir interval, and then calculating the shale content of the high-gamma reservoir by utilizing the formula (4) in the fourth step.
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| CN113189658A (en) * | 2021-05-11 | 2021-07-30 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Method and device for calculating content and porosity of reservoir interstitial |
| CN114482995A (en) * | 2022-03-10 | 2022-05-13 | 西南石油大学 | Fine determination method for argillaceous content of fine-grain sediment |
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