CN111253126A - Environment-friendly high-strength concrete and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Environment-friendly high-strength concrete and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/22—Carbonation resistance
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
- C04B2201/52—High compression strength concretes, i.e. with a compression strength higher than about 55 N/mm2, e.g. reactive powder concrete [RPC]
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Abstract
The invention discloses environment-friendly high-strength concrete and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of concrete. The environment-friendly high-strength concrete is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 265 parts of cement 235-containing material, 1130 parts of gravel 1080-containing material, 765 parts of river sand 723-containing material, 18.5-20.5 parts of silica fume, 15-17 parts of steel fiber, 1.5-2.5 parts of thickening agent, 10.5-12.5 parts of expanding agent, 5-6.5 parts of water reducing agent and 178 parts of water 175-containing material. The environment-friendly high-strength concrete is beneficial to waste utilization and environment protection, reduces the using amount of cement, reduces the production cost of the concrete, and ensures that the concrete has very high compressive strength while using a small amount of steel fibers.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of concrete, in particular to environment-friendly high-strength concrete and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The concrete is prepared by mixing cement as a cementing material, sand and stone as aggregates with water according to a certain proportion and stirring and mixing, and has the advantages of high strength, convenient construction, rich raw materials and wide application range. With the continuous development of concrete materials, people have higher and higher requirements on the performance of concrete, for example, the concrete is required to have higher compressive strength in many application fields. With the gradual expansion of the application range of steel fiber in the construction industry, steel fiber concrete is increasingly put into practical construction. The steel fiber concrete is composite concrete formed by doping fibers made of steel materials into cement-based concrete in a disorderly distribution manner, and has high tensile strength and shear strength.
The Chinese patent with application publication number CN104058652A discloses a high-strength concrete, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8-12 parts of active silicon oxide, 5-7 parts of active aluminum oxide, 35-40 parts of aluminum silicate ceramic fiber, 30-40 parts of fly ash, 60-70 parts of shell powder, 2-3 parts of carbon nano tube, 5-7 parts of nano silicon dioxide, 1-2 parts of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, 220 parts of cement-containing material, 570 parts of stone 550-containing material, 20-30 parts of ferroferric oxide, a proper amount of water, 20-30 parts of an auxiliary agent and 380 parts of sand 350-containing material. The auxiliary agent comprises steel fiber, methacrylate and the like. The high-strength concrete adopts more cement, shell powder, active silica, active alumina, nano silica and the like, and improves the compressive strength and the flexural strength of the concrete. However, the concrete has various materials, and the cost of the gel material is high, so that the mass popularization and production are not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects of the prior art, the first object of the invention is to provide an environment-friendly high-strength concrete which is low in cost and has higher compressive strength.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a preparation method of the environment-friendly high-strength concrete, which is simple to operate and convenient for large-scale production.
In order to achieve the first object, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the environment-friendly high-strength concrete is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 260 parts of cement 235-containing material, 1130 parts of gravel 1080-containing material, 765 parts of river sand 723-containing material, 18.5-20.5 parts of silica fume, 15-17 parts of steel fiber, 1.5-2.5 parts of thickening agent, 10.5-12.5 parts of expanding agent, 5-6.5 parts of water reducing agent and 178 parts of water 175-containing material.
By adopting the technical scheme, the silica fume is added as a preparation raw material of the concrete, and the silica fume is used as industrial and mining waste residues, so that the waste can be changed into valuable, the environment is protected, and the production cost of the concrete is reduced. The silica fume contains rich silica, and in the hydration process of cement, hydrated calcium silicate gel is generated after the silica fume is combined with calcium hydroxide, so that the strength of concrete is improved. In addition, the addition of the silica fume can also reduce the porosity of the concrete, improve the compactness of the concrete, improve the strength, reduce the permeability of the concrete, improve the durability of the concrete and prolong the service life of the concrete, and the performance of the concrete can not be greatly reduced after the concrete is used for a long time. The steel fiber is added into the raw materials, so that the stress concentration at the tip of a crack in the concrete can be effectively relieved, the growth of the crack is prevented, and the service life of the concrete is further prolonged. In concrete using reinforcing steel, the adhesion between the reinforcing steel and the concrete can also be increased.
The invention is further configured to: the environment-friendly high-strength concrete is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 260 parts of cement, 1100 parts of gravel, 765 parts of river sand 731, 19.5-20.5 parts of silica fume, 15-17 parts of steel fiber, 1.5-2.5 parts of thickening agent, 11.5-12.5 parts of expanding agent, 5.5-6.2 parts of water reducing agent and 178 parts of water 175.
By adopting the technical scheme, the proportion of the silica fume and the cement is optimized, the acting fullness of the silica fume is improved, the water-cement ratio is also reduced, and the strength of the concrete is further improved.
The invention is further configured to: the raw materials also comprise 7-8.5 parts by weight of reinforcing fibers, and the reinforcing fibers comprise polypropylene fibers and carbon fibers.
By adopting the technical scheme, the addition of the polypropylene fiber and the carbon fiber in the reinforced fiber can improve the brittleness, the toughness and the comprehensive performance of the concrete. Moreover, the polypropylene fibers and the carbon fibers can further inhibit the occurrence of cracks or prevent the growth of cracks.
The invention is further configured to: the raw material also comprises 5.5 to 8 weight portions of water retention agent.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, add the action time that the inside water of water-retaining agent can prolong the concrete, when the hydration reaction takes place for the concrete, inside relative humidity descends, and the moisture in the water-retaining agent can slowly release moisture and supply this moment, makes the inside higher humidity level that keeps for a long time of concrete, impels the hydration reaction fully to go on. The water-retaining agent can also avoid or reduce the self-shrinkage phenomenon caused by hydration reaction, and avoid the cracking of concrete. The water-retaining agent can form fine holes in the concrete after dehydration, so that the durability of the concrete is improved, the frost resistance of the concrete at low temperature can be improved, and meanwhile, the fine holes have certain influence on the strength of the concrete.
The invention is further configured to: the water-retaining agent is any one of acrylic acid-acrylamide copolymer and acrylic acid-bentonite polymer.
By adopting the technical scheme, the water-retaining agent adopts one of acrylic acid-acrylamide copolymer and acrylic acid-bentonite polymer, the acrylic acid copolymer has very good water absorption and water retention, a large amount of water can be stored by a small amount of water-retaining agent, the using amount of the water-retaining agent is reduced on the basis of ensuring the full water supplement, and the influence of the water-retaining agent on the concrete strength is further avoided.
The invention is further configured to: the particle size of the silica fume is 0.15-0.3 μm.
By adopting the technical scheme, the used silica fume has very small particle size, can quickly react with calcium hydroxide during hydration reaction to generate high-strength gel, and improves the strength of concrete, especially early strength. Because the particle size of silica fume is very little, can permeate in almost all clearances of concrete granule, increase the contact position between the solid particle, improve the cohesion of concrete granule, in addition, can also fully block up the hole in the concrete, reduce the bleeding nature of concrete, reduce the permeability of concrete, and then improve the corrosion resistance of concrete, improve life.
The invention is further configured to: the raw material also comprises 10-15 parts by weight of mineral powder.
By adopting the technical scheme, the mineral powder contains a certain content of calcium oxide, so that more calcium hydroxide can be quickly provided when cement is hydrated, components such as silica fume and the like are promoted to quickly react with the calcium hydroxide, the hydration reaction efficiency is improved, the setting time of concrete is favorably shortened, and the early strength of the concrete is favorably improved.
The invention is further configured to: the swelling agent is a magnesium oxide swelling agent.
By adopting the technical scheme, the magnesium oxide expanding agent can provide a shrinkage compensation effect in the concrete, so that cracks are prevented from occurring in the concrete, and the durability of the concrete is improved. In addition, the magnesium oxide expanding agent contains more magnesium oxide, the expansion degree is controllable, and the over expansion is avoided.
In order to achieve the second object, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the preparation method of the environment-friendly high-strength concrete comprises the following steps:
1) uniformly mixing cement, silica fume, broken stone, river sand and water to prepare first slurry;
uniformly mixing the steel fibers, the thickening agent, the expanding agent, the water reducing agent and water to prepare second slurry;
2) and uniformly mixing the first slurry and the second slurry to obtain the composite material.
By adopting the technical scheme, the cement, the silica fume, the broken stone, the river sand and the water are uniformly mixed to prepare the first slurry, the steel fiber, the thickening agent, the expanding agent, the water reducing agent and the like are uniformly mixed with the water to prepare the second slurry, and then the two slurries are uniformly mixed, so that the cement, the broken stone, the river sand and other raw materials with larger using amount can be uniformly mixed firstly, and then the raw materials with smaller using amount are mixed to prepare the slurry, and the uniform mixing degree of the raw materials of the concrete is integrally improved. In addition, the steel fibers, the thickening agent, the expanding agent and the water reducing agent are mixed with water, so that the thickening agent and the water reducing agent can be fully combined to the surfaces of the steel fibers under the action of water, and the steel fibers can be uniformly dispersed in the cement paste.
The invention is further configured to: the step 1) of uniformly mixing the cement, the silica fume, the broken stone, the river sand and the water is to uniformly mix the cement, the silica fume and the water, add the broken stone and the river sand and uniformly mix the mixture.
By adopting the technical scheme, the cement and the silica fume are mixed with water firstly, the hydration reaction is fully carried out, and then the cement and the silica fume are mixed with aggregates such as broken stones and river sand, a layer of slurry can be coated on the surfaces of aggregate particles, the contact and the adhesion with steel fibers are convenient for the subsequent operation, and the improvement of the strength of concrete is facilitated.
In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
firstly, the silica fume is added into the raw materials for preparing the environment-friendly high-strength concrete, so that the waste utilization and the environment protection are facilitated, the use amount of cement is reduced, and the production cost of the concrete is reduced. The addition of the silica fume improves the strength of the concrete, and ensures that the concrete has very high compressive strength while using a small amount of steel fibers.
Secondly, because the concrete is exposed to the atmospheric environment most of the time in the use process and is easy to corrode, the corrosion of the concrete is generally carbonization corrosion, the alkalinity of the concrete can be reduced, cracks can be caused, and under severe conditions, the protection effect of the concrete on the reinforcing steel bars can be weakened. The water-retaining agent is added, so that the self-shrinkage of the concrete is fully reduced, the occurrence of cracks is avoided, and the use durability of the concrete is improved. In addition, the steel fiber and the reinforcing fiber such as polypropylene fiber are added, so that the uniformity of the steel fiber dispersed in the concrete is improved, the steel fiber is protected, and the corrosion caused by the steel fiber is avoided.
Thirdly, the particle size of the silica fume used by the environment-friendly high-strength concrete is very small, so that the hydration reaction speed can be improved, and the strength of the concrete is further improved. The silica fume particles with very small particle size can permeate into gaps of concrete particles, so that the cohesive force of the concrete particles is improved, the strength of the concrete is further improved, pores in the concrete can be fully plugged, and the corrosion resistance of the concrete is further improved.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
The cement used in the examples below was p.052.5 portland cement. The crushed stone is 9.5mm-19.0mm continuous graded crushed stone. The mud content (mass fraction) of the broken stone is 4.1 percent, and the mud block content (mass fraction) is 0.13 percent. The apparent density of the powder is 2650kg/m3Bulk density of 1570kg/m3. The river sand is continuous graded river sand with the grain size of 0.15mm-2.36 mm. The content of chloride ions (mass fraction) in the river sand is 0.012%, the content of mud (mass fraction) is 0.18%, and the content of mud blocks is0, fineness modulus 2.6. The apparent density is 2598kg/m3The bulk density is 1580kg/m3。
The median particle diameter of the silica fume is preferably 0.15. mu.m. Specific surface area of 21m2(ii) in terms of/g. Specifically, the silica fume is GM-94D type micro silica fume produced by Gansu Sanyuan silicon materials Co. The thickener is preferably sodium carboxymethylcellulose. The length of the steel fiber is 32-35mm, and preferably, the length of the steel fiber is 32 +/-2 mm.
The water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent. Preferably, the polycarboxylic acid water reducer is XMPS-JS type polycarboxylic acid water reducer produced by Hangzhou flocculation chemical company Limited.
The magnesium oxide expanding agent is MAG-I type magnesium oxide expanding agent of Wuhan source brocade building materials science and technology Limited company, preferably, the magnesium oxide expanding agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 86% of MgO and 1.8% of f-CaOl. The loss on ignition is not more than 4 percent, and the water content is not more than 1 percent. Fineness (80 μm sieve residue) is not more than 5%, and activity is 50-200 s.
The mineral powder is commercial mineral powder, preferably, the mineral powder comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 48.32% CaO, 14.28% SiO22.88% of Al2O38.99% of Fe2O38.79% of MgO and 0.56% of P2O50.87 percent of f-CaO. The loss on ignition is 2.1 percent, the water content is 0.2 percent, and the specific surface area is 432m2In terms of/kg. Or the following ore powder is adopted: the mineral powder comprises the following main components in percentage by mass: SiO 2237.62 percent of CaO, 43.55 percent of CaO, Al2O39.27% of Fe2O32.57 percent to improve the mass percent of silicon dioxide in the mineral powder and enhance the later strength of the concrete.
The water retention agent can adopt acrylic acid-acrylamide copolymer and also can adopt acrylic acid-bentonite polymer. Preferably, the acrylic acid-acrylamide copolymer has a ratio of the number of acrylic acid units to the number of acrylamide units of 3: 7. Preferably, the acrylic-bentonite polymer is prepared by the following method: adding bentonite and acrylic acid into a sodium hydroxide solution for neutralization, then adding an initiator (potassium persulfate or ammonium persulfate) and a cross-linking agent (N, N-methylene-bisacrylamide), reacting for 3 hours at 50 ℃, irradiating for 2 minutes by using microwaves, drying and crushing to obtain the product.
The preparation method of the environment-friendly high-strength concrete comprises the following steps: 1) uniformly mixing cement, silica fume and water, and then adding broken stone and river sand and uniformly mixing to prepare a first slurry; uniformly mixing the steel fibers, the thickening agent, the expanding agent, the water reducing agent and water to prepare second slurry; 2) and uniformly mixing the first slurry and the second slurry to obtain the composite material.
Uniformly mixing cement, silica fume and water, stirring for 10-15s at the rotating speed of 15-20rpm to prepare a mixed material, then adding water, and stirring for 15-20s at the rotating speed of 35-50 rpm; then adding broken stone and river sand, stirring at 15-20rpm for 20-30s to prepare first slurry. Uniformly mixing the steel fiber, the thickening agent, the expanding agent and the water reducing agent with water, namely adding the thickening agent, the expanding agent and the water reducing agent into water, stirring for 20-30s at the rotating speed of 80-100rpm, then adding the steel fiber, and stirring for 15-20s at the rotating speed of 15-20rpm to prepare second slurry. The first slurry and the second slurry are mixed evenly and stirred for 20 to 30 seconds at the rotating speed of 50 to 80 rpm. The sum of the weight of the water mixed with the cement and the silica fume and the weight of the water mixed with the thickening agent, the expanding agent and the water reducing agent is 175-178 parts by weight.
Further, a water-retaining agent is added when the steel fiber, the thickening agent, the expanding agent, the water reducing agent and the water are uniformly mixed.
The thickener is any one of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose.
Example 1
The environment-friendly high-strength concrete is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 235kg of cement, 1080kg of broken stone, 725kg of river sand, 18.7kg of silica fume, 5.0kg of water reducing agent, 15.0kg of steel fiber, 2.0kg of thickening agent, 10.8kg of expanding agent and 175kg of water.
Wherein the crushed stone is 9.5mm-19.0mm continuous graded crushed stone. The river sand is continuous graded river sand with the grain size of 0.15mm-2.36 mm. The median particle size of the silica fume was 0.15. mu.m. The water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent. The length of the steel fiber is 32 +/-2 mm. The thickener is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose. The expanding agent is a magnesium oxide expanding agent.
The preparation method of the environment-friendly high-strength concrete comprises the following steps:
1) stirring and mixing cement and silica fume for 15s at the rotating speed of 15rpm to obtain a mixed material, then adding 150kg of water, and stirring and mixing for 20s at the rotating speed of 35 rpm; then adding broken stone and river sand, stirring and mixing for 30s at the rotating speed of 15rpm to prepare first slurry;
2) adding a thickening agent, a water reducing agent and an expanding agent into 25kg of water, stirring and mixing for 30s at the rotating speed of 80rpm, then adding steel fibers, and stirring for 20s at the rotating speed of 15rpm to prepare second slurry;
3) and mixing the first slurry and the second slurry, and stirring at the rotating speed of 80rpm for 20s to obtain the composite material.
Example 2
The environment-friendly high-strength concrete is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 250kg of cement, 1100kg of broken stone, 750kg of river sand, 19.5kg of silica fume, 5.5kg of water reducing agent, 16.5kg of steel fiber, 7.2kg of water retaining agent, 2.5kg of thickening agent, 11.5kg of expanding agent and 175kg of water.
Wherein the crushed stone is 9.5mm-19.0mm continuous graded crushed stone. The river sand is continuous graded river sand with the grain size of 0.15mm-2.36 mm. The median particle size of the silica fume was 0.15. mu.m. The water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent. The length of the steel fiber is 32 +/-2 mm. The water retention agent is acrylic acid-acrylamide copolymer, wherein the number ratio of acrylic acid units to acrylamide units is 3: 7. The thickener is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose. The expanding agent is a magnesium oxide expanding agent.
The preparation method of the environment-friendly high-strength concrete comprises the following steps:
1) stirring and mixing cement and silica fume for 10s at the rotating speed of 20rpm to obtain a mixed material, then adding 150kg of water, and stirring and mixing for 15s at the rotating speed of 50 rpm; then adding broken stone and river sand, stirring and mixing for 20s at the rotating speed of 20rpm to prepare first slurry;
2) adding a thickening agent, a water-retaining agent, a water reducing agent and an expanding agent into 25kg of water, stirring and mixing for 25s at the rotating speed of 90rpm, then adding steel fibers, and stirring for 15s at the rotating speed of 17rpm to prepare second slurry;
3) and mixing the first slurry and the second slurry, and stirring at the rotating speed of 72rpm for 25s to obtain the composite material.
Example 3
The environment-friendly high-strength concrete is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 265kg of cement, 1120kg of broken stone, 765kg of river sand, 20.8kg of silica fume, 5.8kg of water reducing agent, 15.2kg of steel fiber, 4.7kg of polypropylene fiber, 2.9kg of carbon fiber, 7.8kg of water retaining agent, 1.8kg of thickening agent, 12.2kg of expanding agent, 12.5kg of mineral powder and 178kg of water.
Wherein the crushed stone is 9.5mm-19.0mm continuous graded crushed stone. The river sand is continuous graded river sand with the grain size of 0.15mm-2.36 mm. The median particle size of the silica fume was 0.15. mu.m. The water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent. The length of the steel fiber is 32 +/-2 mm. The length of the polypropylene fiber is 6mm, and the length of the carbon fiber is 10 mm. The water retention agent is acrylic acid-acrylamide copolymer, wherein the number ratio of acrylic acid units to acrylamide units is 3: 7. The thickener is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose. The expanding agent is a magnesium oxide expanding agent.
The preparation method of the environment-friendly high-strength concrete comprises the following steps:
1) stirring and mixing cement, silica fume and mineral powder for 15s at the rotating speed of 18rpm to obtain a mixed material, then adding 150kg of water, and stirring and mixing for 15s at the rotating speed of 45 rpm; then adding broken stone and river sand, stirring and mixing for 25s at the rotating speed of 15rpm to prepare first slurry;
2) adding a thickening agent, a water-retaining agent, a water reducing agent and an expanding agent into 28kg of water, stirring and mixing for 20s at the rotating speed of 100rpm, then adding steel fibers, polypropylene fibers and carbon fibers, stirring for 15s at the rotating speed of 20rpm, and preparing second slurry;
3) and mixing the first slurry and the second slurry, and stirring at the rotating speed of 50rpm for 30s to obtain the composite material.
Example 4
The environment-friendly high-strength concrete is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 255kg of cement, 1130kg of broken stone, 738kg of river sand, 20.5kg of silica fume, 6.0kg of water reducing agent, 16.7kg of steel fiber, 5.3kg of polypropylene fiber, 3.1kg of carbon fiber, 6.4kg of water retaining agent, 2.2kg of thickening agent, 12.2kg of expanding agent, 15kg of mineral powder and 178kg of water.
Wherein the crushed stone is 9.5mm-19.0mm continuous graded crushed stone. The river sand is continuous graded river sand with the grain size of 0.15mm-2.36 mm. The median particle size of the silica fume was 0.15. mu.m. The water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent. The length of the steel fiber is 32 +/-2 mm. The length of the polypropylene fiber is 6mm, and the length of the carbon fiber is 10 mm. The water retention agent is acrylic acid-acrylamide copolymer, wherein the number ratio of acrylic acid units to acrylamide units is 3: 7. The thickener is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose. The expanding agent is a magnesium oxide expanding agent.
The preparation method of the environment-friendly high-strength concrete comprises the following steps:
1) stirring and mixing cement, silica fume and mineral powder for 15s at the rotating speed of 18rpm to obtain a mixed material, then adding 150kg of water, and stirring and mixing for 18s at the rotating speed of 40 rpm; then adding broken stone and river sand, stirring and mixing for 25s at the rotating speed of 15rpm to prepare first slurry;
2) adding a thickening agent, a water-retaining agent, a water reducing agent and an expanding agent into 28kg of water, stirring and mixing for 20s at the rotating speed of 95rpm, then adding steel fibers, polypropylene fibers and carbon fibers, stirring for 20s at the rotating speed of 15rpm, and preparing second slurry;
3) and mixing the first slurry and the second slurry, and stirring at the rotating speed of 55rpm for 30s to obtain the composite material.
Example 5
The environment-friendly high-strength concrete is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 260kg of cement, 1125kg of broken stone, 733kg of river sand, 20.8kg of silica fume, 6.2kg of water reducing agent, 15.8kg of steel fiber, 4.8kg of polypropylene fiber, 3.5kg of carbon fiber, 6.6kg of water retaining agent, 2.0kg of thickening agent, 11.7kg of expanding agent, 13.8kg of mineral powder and 175kg of water.
Wherein the crushed stone is 9.5mm-19.0mm continuous graded crushed stone. The river sand is continuous graded river sand with the grain size of 0.15mm-2.36 mm. The median particle size of the silica fume was 0.15. mu.m. The water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent. The length of the steel fiber is 32 +/-2 mm. The length of the polypropylene fiber is 6mm, and the length of the carbon fiber is 10 mm. The thickener is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose. The expanding agent is a magnesium oxide expanding agent. The water-retaining agent is an acrylic acid-bentonite polymer, and the acrylic acid-bentonite polymer is prepared by adopting the following method: adding bentonite and acrylic acid into a sodium hydroxide solution according to a mass ratio of 15:85 for neutralization, then adding an initiator (potassium persulfate) and a cross-linking agent (N, N-methylene bisacrylamide, the mass ratio of which to the bentonite is 1:80), reacting for 3 hours at 50 ℃, irradiating for 2 minutes by using microwaves, drying and crushing to obtain the bentonite.
The preparation method of the environment-friendly high-strength concrete of the embodiment is the same as that of the embodiment 4.
Example 6
The environment-friendly high-strength concrete is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 255kg of cement, 1120kg of broken stone, 731kg of river sand, 20.5kg of silica fume, 5.8kg of water reducing agent, 16.1kg of steel fiber, 4.8kg of polypropylene fiber, 3.1kg of carbon fiber, 6.4kg of water retaining agent, 1.8kg of thickening agent, 11.7kg of expanding agent, 13.8kg of mineral powder and 175kg of water.
Wherein the crushed stone is 9.5mm-19.0mm continuous graded crushed stone. The river sand is continuous graded river sand with the grain size of 0.15mm-2.36 mm. The median particle size of the silica fume was 0.15. mu.m. The water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent. The length of the steel fiber is 32 +/-2 mm. The length of the polypropylene fiber is 6mm, and the length of the carbon fiber is 10 mm. The thickening agent is hydroxypropyl cellulose. The expanding agent is a magnesium oxide expanding agent. The water-retaining agent is an acrylic acid-bentonite polymer, and the acrylic acid-bentonite polymer is prepared by adopting the following method: adding bentonite and acrylic acid into a sodium hydroxide solution according to a mass ratio of 15:85 for neutralization, then adding an initiator (ammonium persulfate) and a cross-linking agent (N, N-methylene bisacrylamide, the mass ratio of which to the bentonite is 1:80), reacting for 3 hours at 50 ℃, irradiating for 2 minutes by using microwaves, drying and crushing to obtain the bentonite-based organic silicon dioxide.
The preparation method of the environment-friendly high-strength concrete of the embodiment is the same as that of the embodiment 4.
Example 7
The environment-friendly high-strength concrete is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 255kg of cement, 1120kg of broken stone, 731kg of river sand, 20.5kg of silica fume, 5.8kg of water reducing agent, 15.8kg of steel fiber, 4.5kg of polypropylene fiber, 2.6kg of carbon fiber, 5.5kg of water retaining agent, 1.8kg of thickening agent, 11.5kg of expanding agent, 14.5kg of mineral powder and 175kg of water.
Wherein the crushed stone is 9.5mm-19.0mm continuous graded crushed stone. The river sand is continuous graded river sand with the grain size of 0.15mm-2.36 mm. The median particle size of the silica fume was 0.15. mu.m. The water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent. The length of the steel fiber is 32 +/-2 mm. The thickening agent is hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose. The expanding agent is a magnesium oxide expanding agent. The water-retaining agent is an acrylic acid-bentonite polymer, and the acrylic acid-bentonite polymer is prepared by adopting the following method: adding bentonite and acrylic acid into a sodium hydroxide solution according to a mass ratio of 15:85 for neutralization, then adding an initiator (ammonium persulfate) and a cross-linking agent (N, N-methylene bisacrylamide, the mass ratio of which to the bentonite is 1:80), reacting for 3 hours at 50 ℃, irradiating for 2 minutes by using microwaves, drying and crushing to obtain the bentonite-based organic silicon dioxide.
The preparation method of the environment-friendly high-strength concrete of the embodiment is the same as that of the embodiment 4.
Comparative example 1
The concrete of this comparative example differs from example 1 in that the raw material does not include silica fume.
The concrete of this comparative example was prepared by the method described in example 1.
Comparative example 2
The concrete of this comparative example was made from the following raw materials by weight: 260kg of cement, 935kg of broken stone, 680kg of river sand, 12kg of silica fume, 5.5kg of water reducing agent, 16.8kg of steel fiber, 2.7kg of thickening agent, 9.7kg of expanding agent and 162kg of water.
The concrete of this comparative example was prepared by the method described in example 1.
Test examples
(1) Strength test
The concrete in examples 1 to 7 and comparative examples 1 to 2 was tested for compressive strength according to the test method in GB/T50081-2002 Standard test method for mechanical Properties of ordinary concrete. The results are shown in the following table.
TABLE 1 comparison of concrete mechanical Property test results in examples 1 to 7 and comparative examples 1 to 2
| Compressive strength/MPa, 7d | Compressive strength/MPa, 28d | Compressive strength/MPa, 90d | |
| Example 1 | 68.7 | 86.5 | 101.2 |
| Example 2 | 69.5 | 91.2 | 107.6 |
| Example 3 | 76.2 | 98.3 | 115.1 |
| Example 4 | 79.8 | 102.7 | 123.2 |
| Example 5 | 83.4 | 108.5 | 128.4 |
| Example 6 | 83.6 | 107.9 | 129.8 |
| Example 7 | 88.1 | 110.5 | 130.4 |
| Comparative example 1 | 52.7 | 68.4 | 82.7 |
| Comparative example 2 | 61.5 | 78.3 | 93.9 |
As can be seen from the above table, the concrete prepared by the invention not only can utilize industrial waste residues and is beneficial to environmental protection, but also has very high compressive strength, wherein the compressive strength of 7d can reach 68.1-88.7MPa, the compressive strength of 28d can reach 86.5-110.5MPa, and the compressive strength of 90d can reach 101.2-130.4 MPa.
(2) Carbonization depth test
The test piece after the strength test is used for carrying out carbonization depth test according to the following method:
holes with the diameter of about 15mm are formed on the surface to be measured (the depth of the holes is larger than the carbonization depth of concrete, generally 10mm or 15mm), 1.0% phenolphthalein alcohol solution is sprayed on the surface, and the depth of the test piece body without discoloration is measured, as shown in the following table.
TABLE 2 comparison of concrete carbonation depth test results in examples 1-7 and comparative examples 1-2
| Carbonization depth/mm, 7d | Carbonization depth/mm, 28d | Carbonization depth/mm, 90d | |
| Example 1 | 0.6 | 2.2 | 5.7 |
| Example 2 | 0.6 | 2.1 | 5.7 |
| Example 3 | 0.5 | 1.9 | 5.2 |
| Example 4 | 0.4 | 1.8 | 5.0 |
| Example 5 | 0.4 | 1.8 | 4.8 |
| Example 6 | 0.4 | 1.8 | 4.8 |
| Example 7 | 0.3 | 1.5 | 4.3 |
| Comparative example 1 | 0.4 | 1.9 | 5.6 |
| Comparative example 2 | 0.6 | 2.3 | 5.9 |
From the above table, it can be seen that the concrete of the present invention can reduce the carbonization depth of the concrete and improve the corrosion resistance and durability of the concrete, and particularly, the corrosion resistance of the concrete of the present invention is superior after long-term use.
Claims (10)
1. The environment-friendly high-strength concrete is characterized in that: the material is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 265 parts of cement 235-containing material, 1130 parts of gravel 1080-containing material, 765 parts of river sand 723-containing material, 18.5-20.5 parts of silica fume, 15-17 parts of steel fiber, 1.5-2.5 parts of thickening agent, 10.5-12.5 parts of expanding agent, 5-6.5 parts of water reducing agent and 178 parts of water 175-containing material.
2. The environmentally friendly high strength concrete according to claim 1, wherein: the environment-friendly high-strength concrete is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 265 parts of cement 250-sand, 1130 parts of gravel 1100-sand, 765 parts of river sand 731-sand, 19.5-20.5 parts of silica fume, 15-17 parts of steel fiber, 1.5-2.5 parts of thickening agent, 11.5-12.5 parts of expanding agent, 5.5-6.2 parts of water reducing agent and 178 parts of water 175-sand.
3. The environmentally friendly high strength concrete according to claim 1, wherein: the raw materials also comprise 7-8.5 parts by weight of reinforcing fibers, and the reinforcing fibers comprise polypropylene fibers and carbon fibers.
4. The environmentally friendly high strength concrete according to claim 1, wherein: the raw material also comprises 5.5 to 8 weight portions of water retention agent.
5. The environmentally friendly high strength concrete according to claim 4, wherein: the water-retaining agent is any one of acrylic acid-acrylamide copolymer and acrylic acid-bentonite polymer.
6. The environmentally friendly high strength concrete according to claim 1, wherein: the particle size of the silica fume is 0.15-0.3 μm.
7. The environmentally friendly high strength concrete of claim 6, wherein: the raw material also comprises 10-15 parts by weight of mineral powder.
8. The environmentally friendly high strength concrete according to claim 1, wherein: the swelling agent is a magnesium oxide swelling agent.
9. A method for preparing the environmentally friendly high strength concrete according to claim 1, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
1) uniformly mixing cement, silica fume, broken stone, river sand and water to prepare first slurry;
uniformly mixing the steel fibers, the thickening agent, the expanding agent, the water reducing agent and water to prepare second slurry;
2) and uniformly mixing the first slurry and the second slurry to obtain the composite material.
10. The method for preparing environment-friendly high-strength concrete according to claim 9, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the step 1) of uniformly mixing the cement, the silica fume, the broken stone, the river sand and the water is to uniformly mix the cement, the silica fume and the water, add the broken stone and the river sand and uniformly mix the mixture.
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