CN111252774A - Method for producing silica sol by using desulfurized gypsum and fly ash through treating waste with waste - Google Patents
Method for producing silica sol by using desulfurized gypsum and fly ash through treating waste with waste Download PDFInfo
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- CN111252774A CN111252774A CN202010061977.XA CN202010061977A CN111252774A CN 111252774 A CN111252774 A CN 111252774A CN 202010061977 A CN202010061977 A CN 202010061977A CN 111252774 A CN111252774 A CN 111252774A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- silica sol
- fly ash
- gypsum
- sulfuric acid
- desulfurized gypsum
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- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 149
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229960004887 ferric hydroxide Drugs 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- IEECXTSVVFWGSE-UHFFFAOYSA-M iron(3+);oxygen(2-);hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[O-2].[Fe+3] IEECXTSVVFWGSE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910021654 trace metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- -1 gypsum precipitate Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycine betaine Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CC([O-])=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001994 activation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007738 vacuum evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960003237 betaine Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010446 mirabilite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010893 paper waste Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- OYXVDHZABMXCMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-decyltetradecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC(C(O)=O)CCCCCCCCCC OYXVDHZABMXCMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- BERDEBHAJNAUOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(I) oxide Inorganic materials [Cu]O[Cu] BERDEBHAJNAUOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- KRFJLUBVMFXRPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cuprous oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Cu+].[Cu+] KRFJLUBVMFXRPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940112669 cuprous oxide Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- PPNAOCWZXJOHFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mn+2] PPNAOCWZXJOHFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VASIZKWUTCETSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese(II) oxide Inorganic materials [Mn]=O VASIZKWUTCETSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- LQKHZXYWZMTTLC-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium dihydrogen phosphate dodecanoic acid Chemical compound P(=O)([O-])(O)O.C(CCCCCCCCCCC)(=O)O.[K+] LQKHZXYWZMTTLC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H sodium hexametaphosphate Chemical compound [Na]OP1(=O)OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])O1 GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019982 sodium hexametaphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001577 tetrasodium phosphonato phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000011132 calcium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 6
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe3+ Chemical compound [Fe+3] VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 2
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 2
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dodecane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011001 backwashing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001175 calcium sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
- C01B33/113—Silicon oxides; Hydrates thereof
- C01B33/12—Silica; Hydrates thereof, e.g. lepidoic silicic acid
- C01B33/14—Colloidal silica, e.g. dispersions, gels, sols
- C01B33/141—Preparation of hydrosols or aqueous dispersions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
- C01B33/113—Silicon oxides; Hydrates thereof
- C01B33/12—Silica; Hydrates thereof, e.g. lepidoic silicic acid
- C01B33/14—Colloidal silica, e.g. dispersions, gels, sols
- C01B33/146—After-treatment of sols
- C01B33/148—Concentration; Drying; Dehydration; Stabilisation; Purification
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
- C01F7/00—Compounds of aluminium
- C01F7/02—Aluminium oxide; Aluminium hydroxide; Aluminates
- C01F7/34—Preparation of aluminium hydroxide by precipitation from solutions containing aluminium salts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G49/00—Compounds of iron
- C01G49/02—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C01G49/06—Ferric oxide [Fe2O3]
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
- C05D1/02—Manufacture from potassium chloride or sulfate or double or mixed salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for producing silica sol by using desulfurized gypsum and fly ash and treating wastes with wastes, which comprises the steps of firstly using desulfurized gypsum to produce sulfuric acid and calcium oxide, using sulfuric acid to treat fly ash, firstly dissolving non-silicon dioxide components out, centrifugally separating centrifugal solid-phase silicon dioxide and centrifugal liquid-phase sulfate containing potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium, iron and aluminum and trace manganese, copper, zinc and titanium, and then using sulfuric acid and a catalyst to react with silicon dioxide to prepare silica sol. A small amount of calcium oxide is used as a neutralizer to produce a series of secondary element and trace element compound fertilizer products containing potassium and sodium in ferric oxide and aluminum hydroxide, and a large amount of calcium oxide can also be used as a desulfurizer, so that the benefit maximization of circular economy is realized, and the method is much superior to the method for preparing sulfuric acid and co-producing cement by using gypsum in the traditional method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of comprehensive utilization of solid waste resource treatment, in particular to a method for producing silica sol by using desulfurized gypsum and fly ash to treat wastes with processes of wastes against one another.
Background
The traditional method for preparing sulfuric acid and calcium oxide by desulfurized gypsum and co-producing cement (Lutianbao Liufei: technology for preparing sulfuric acid and cement by gypsum, southeast university Press 2014.10) needs to find an additional purpose. The cement is produced by adding iron powder and coke, only a small part of fly ash, and clay (alumina) according to the formula of cement, except calcium oxide and gypsum produced by itself. The cost of preparing sulfuric acid and cement by using desulfurized gypsum is high, and the low added value is achieved. Although the technology is mature, the popularization is difficult.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a method for producing silica sol by using desulfurized gypsum and fly ash to treat wastes with processes of wastes against one another, aiming at the existing defects. The invention can completely treat the coal-fired desulfurization gypsum and the fly ash of the thermal power plant, and can also use coal gangue and peat as fuels to produce the desulfurization gypsum and the fly ash. The desulfurized gypsum is used for preparing sulfuric acid and calcium oxide, and the sulfuric acid is used for removing and treating the fly ash to produce series products such as silica sol and the like. A small part of calcium oxide is used as a neutralizer, and the large part of calcium oxide is recycled to a power plant to be used as a flue gas desulfurizer, so that the calcium oxide is better in desulfurization effect than limestone powder, can be recycled, and only needs to be periodically supplemented with a small part of calcium oxide. The desulfurization cost of the thermal power plant is reduced. In addition, gypsum generated by treating the fly ash with sulfuric acid can be recycled to prepare sulfuric acid. The fly ash is treated by sulfuric acid to generate silica sol, ferric oxide, aluminum hydroxide, and secondary and trace element compound water-soluble fertilizers which meet the industrial and national standards, all of which are utilized, and no new waste gas or waste residue is generated. In the process of preparing the silica sol, the sulfuric acid and the silica sol are dissolved into a whole, no new waste is generated, and the production cost for producing the silica sol is much lower than that of the traditional method which uses sodium silicate and metallic silicon as raw materials. The innovative method of the invention completely conforms to the high-valued principle of circular economy.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for producing silica sol by using desulfurized gypsum and fly ash to treat wastes with processes of wastes against one another is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the first step is as follows: producing sulfuric acid and calcium oxide by using desulfurized gypsum;
a second step of treating the fly ash with sulfuric acid to generate sulfate of various elements dissolved in the sulfuric acid and sulfuric acid insoluble silica;
the third step: centrifugally separating to separate out silicon dioxide and sulfate solution of various elements dissolved in sulfuric acid, and treating the silicon dioxide by using sulfuric acid and a catalyst to produce silica sol;
and a fourth step of treating the sulfate solution of the multiple elements dissolved in the sulfuric acid in the third step by using calcium oxide as a neutralizing agent to adjust different pH values for precipitation, wherein:
firstly, forming calcium sulfate, namely gypsum precipitate, centrifugally separating the calcium sulfate, namely the gypsum precipitate, drying the calcium sulfate, namely the gypsum precipitate to remove attached water and free water, and then preparing sulfuric acid and calcium oxide;
then forming ferric hydroxide precipitate, centrifugally separating the ferric hydroxide precipitate, and dehydrating to obtain ferric oxide;
finally, aluminum hydroxide precipitate is formed, and the aluminum hydroxide precipitate after centrifugal separation is dehydrated and dried to obtain finished aluminum hydroxide;
the fifth step: and (3) carrying out vacuum evaporation and concentration on the sulfate solution left after the calcium sulfate, the ferric hydroxide and the aluminum hydroxide are precipitated in the fourth step to obtain a sulfate solution with the mass percentage concentration of 5-10%, supplementing calcium and magnesium secondary elements and trace elements to the obtained sulfate solution with the mass percentage concentration of 5-10%, and adjusting the pH value to 2-4 to obtain the qualified water-soluble compound fertilizer containing the secondary elements and the trace elements of the potassium sulfate and the sodium sulfate.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the second step comprises in particular: the fly ash is used as a raw material, and the purified fly ash is obtained by removing impurity components after screening pretreatment.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the purified fly ash after being pretreated by screening the fly ash and removing impurity components is subjected to high-speed shear activation treatment, and then is heated and pressurized by adding sulfuric acid to dissolve iron, aluminum, calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium and other trace metal components to obtain insoluble silicon dioxide.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the high shear activation process involves a number of revolutions of the high shear activator of 3000 rpm to 10000 rpm.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the sulfuric acid is added for heating and pressurizing to dissolve out iron, aluminum, calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium and other trace metal impurity components, so that the mass percentage concentration of the sulfuric acid in the silicon dioxide is 10% -50%, and the addition amount of the sulfuric acid is 1-5 times of the mass of the activated fly ash.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the sulfuric acid is added for heating and pressurizing to dissolve iron, aluminum, calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium and other trace metal components to obtain the silicon dioxide, and the heating and pressurizing are carried out at the temperature of 120-200 ℃ and the pressure of 0.2-1.6 MPa.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the sulfuric acid is added for heating and pressurizing to dissolve iron, aluminum, calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium and other trace metal components to obtain the silicon dioxide, and the dissolving time is 1 h-6 h.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the third step, the production of silica sol by treating silica with sulfuric acid and a catalyst is specifically: firstly, carrying out silica sol reaction on silicon dioxide, sulfuric acid and a catalyst together to obtain a crude silica sol solution, filtering the crude silica sol solution after the reaction is finished, and carrying out additional treatment on filter residue impurities; the filtrate is diluted silica sol solution; removing excessive water from the diluted silica sol solution by a vacuum evaporation concentration method, and cooling to recover water; and (4) metering and filling the concentrated finished product after the concentration of the sodium-free silica sol reaches 20-60% of the finished product, and warehousing the finished product.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the reaction temperature in the silica sol reaction process is 200-400 ℃, the pressure is 1.6 Mpa-4 Mp, and the reaction time is 2-4 hours.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the catalyst is a low valence sub-state metal oxide and is added in an amount of 1-5 per mill of the silica dry basis in the activated fly ash.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the low valence sub-state metal oxide is one or a mixture of any two or more of ferrous oxide, manganous oxide and cuprous oxide.
In the present inventionIn a preferred embodiment of the invention, the filter medium for filtering the crude silica sol solution is one of polyvinylidene fluoride fiber and polystyrene fiber, the filtering speed is 2 m/h-10 m/h, the filtering period is 12 h-96 h, and the backwashing water amount is 0.5m3/m3·min－3m3/m3·min。
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the fourth step, the sulfate solution of the plurality of elements dissolved in sulfuric acid in the third step is treated with calcium oxide as a neutralizing agent to adjust different pH values for precipitation, wherein: when the pH value is adjusted to 4, calcium sulfate, namely gypsum precipitate, is formed; when the pH value is adjusted to 4.5, ferric hydroxide precipitate is formed; when the pH was adjusted to 6, aluminum hydroxide precipitate was formed.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the drying temperature for the production of sulphuric acid after drying the calcium sulphate, i.e. gypsum precipitate to remove adhering water and free water, is 150 ℃.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the drying temperature of the aluminum hydroxide precipitate after centrifugal separation for desorption, water adsorption and drying to obtain the finished aluminum hydroxide is 95 ℃.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the anti-crystallization agent is added into the medium element and trace element water-soluble compound fertilizer product containing potassium sulfate and sodium sulfate in the fifth step, wherein the addition amount is 0.5-0.4 per mill of the total amount of the medium element and trace element water-soluble compound fertilizer product containing potassium sulfate and sodium sulfate.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the crystallization inhibitor is one or a mixture of any two or more of sodium hexametaphosphate, potassium laurate phosphate, and dodecyl lauric betaine.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a stabilizer is added into the medium-element and trace-element water-soluble compound fertilizer containing potassium sulfate and sodium sulfate in the fifth step, wherein the adding amount of the stabilizer is 1% -5% of that of the medium-element and trace-element water-soluble compound fertilizer.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the stabilizer is one of water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyacrylic acid, and polyacrylamide with a concentration of 10% by mass.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the silica sol meets the industrial silica sol standard of HG/T2521-2008, the ferric oxide meets the industrial standard of iron ore powder in the product classification of YB/T4267-2011 iron ore, the aluminum hydroxide meets the national standard of GB/T4294-2010 aluminum hydroxide, and the water-soluble compound fertilizer product containing potassium sulfate and sodium sulfate containing secondary elements and trace elements meets the industrial standard of NY 2266-2012 water-soluble fertilizer and the industrial standard of NY 1428-2010 water-soluble fertilizer containing trace elements.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the first step, the desulfurized gypsum can also be replaced with other industry by-product gypsum.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the other industry byproduct gypsum is one or a mixture of any two or more of phosphogypsum, titanium gypsum, ceramic waste mold gypsum, mirabilite gypsum, salt gypsum, fluorgypsum, waste paper surface gypsum board, citric acid gypsum, boron gypsum and sewage treatment gypsum.
Compared with the traditional technology for preparing sulfuric acid and cement from gypsum, the method for producing silica sol by using desulfurized gypsum and fly ash by treating waste with waste has the following advantages:
1. the invention fully utilizes all the desulfurized gypsum and all the fly ash of two wastes, and treats the wastes with the wastes.
2. The invention relates to a method for producing a silica sol series product by using gypsum to prepare sulfuric acid and calcium oxide and using sulfuric acid to treat fly ash, which belongs to the 'dry-eating and squeezing-out' with high added value and has no remainder and secondary waste.
3. Part of the calcium oxide is used as raw material for producing series products by using a neutralizer, and most of the calcium oxide is circularly used for flue gas desulfurization of a power plant, so that the calcium oxide has better desulfurization effect than limestone powder and obviously reduces the cost. And (3) a circulation economic principle is attached.
4. The sodium-free silica sol is produced by treating the silicon dioxide with sulfuric acid, and the sulfuric acid, the catalyst and the silicon dioxide are reacted and dissolved into a whole, so that the yield and the quality of the product are increased. Compared with the traditional method, the method has the advantages that the sodium silicate and the metal silicon are used as raw materials, the cost is obviously reduced, the application range is widened, and the large scale is easy to realize.
The present invention belongs to the high-valued technology of circular economy.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow chart of the present invention for producing sulfuric acid and calcium oxide by using gypsum, dissolving non-silicon components by using sulfuric acid to treat fly ash, and producing medium and trace amount of compound water soluble fertilizer.
FIG. 2 is a process flow chart of the present invention for producing silica sol by using sulfuric acid to treat fly ash after impurity removal, purification and activation, and sulfate of various elements dissolved in sulfuric acid and sulfuric acid insoluble silica generated by sulfuric acid treatment.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the figures and examples.
The invention belongs to the prior art of 'preparing sulfuric acid and calcium oxide by gypsum' and the invention patent applied by the applicant 'a method for producing sodium-free silica sol by resource treatment of incineration of siliceous and siliceous slag' and the innovative integration of three technologies of preparing medium-amount and trace-amount compound water-soluble fertilizer by using sulfate which is dissolved out of non-silicon dioxide and contains iron, aluminum, calcium, magnesium, copper, zinc, manganese and the like. The method comprises the following steps:
a method for producing silica sol by using desulfurized gypsum and fly ash to treat wastes with processes of wastes against one another comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: producing sulfuric acid and calcium oxide by using desulfurized gypsum; the technical scheme can be seen in the traditional technology of preparing sulfuric acid and calcium oxide by desulfurized gypsum and co-producing cement (Lu Tian Bao Liufei: technology of preparing sulfuric acid and cement by gypsum-southeast university Press 2014.10), and is not described herein again. The desulfurized gypsum can also be replaced by gypsum which is a byproduct in other industries, for example, the gypsum which is a byproduct in other industries is one or the mixture of more than two of phosphogypsum, titanium gypsum, ceramic waste mold gypsum, mirabilite gypsum, salt gypsum, fluorgypsum, waste paper surface gypsum board, citric acid gypsum, boron gypsum and sewage treatment gypsum.
A second step of treating the fly ash with sulfuric acid to generate sulfate of various elements dissolved in the sulfuric acid and sulfuric acid insoluble silica;
the third step: centrifugally separating to separate out silicon dioxide and sulfate solution of various elements dissolved in sulfuric acid, and treating the silicon dioxide by using sulfuric acid and a catalyst to produce silica sol;
the above second step and third step can be seen in the attached drawings, and specifically:
the fly ash is firstly screened, purified and then subjected to high-speed shearing and activating treatment, and the revolution of a high-speed shearing machine is 5000 r/min. Then adding sulfuric acid, heating and pressurizing to dissolve out iron, aluminum, calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium and other trace metal impurity components, and then carrying out centrifugal separation. The centrifuged liquid phase is a sulfate solution of various elements dissolved in sulfuric acid. The centrifugal solid phase is silicon dioxide. The concentration of sulfuric acid for dissolution under heating and pressurizing is 20%, the solid-to-liquid ratio is 1:3, the pressure is controlled at 0.5Mpa, and the dissolution time is 3 h.
The adding amount of the catalyst in the production of silica sol by treating the silicon dioxide with sulfuric acid and the catalyst is 2 per mill of the dry basis weight of the silicon dioxide, the adding amount of the sulfuric acid with the concentration of 30 percent is 3 times of the dry basis weight of the silicon dioxide to carry out silica sol reaction, the temperature of cyclic heating by a salt bath and indirect heating is controlled at 350 ℃, the reaction temperature of the silica sol is controlled at 250 ℃, the pressure is controlled at 2.5Mpa, and the dissolving-out time is 2 hours. And after the reaction is finished, filtering, wherein the filter medium is polyvinylidene fluoride fiber, and the filtering temperature is 5 m/h. The filtration period is 15h, and the quantity of backwash water is 1m3/m3Min. After filtration, the impurities in the filter residue are treated separately. The filtrate, namely the silica sol solution, is evaporated and concentrated in vacuum, the concentration of the concentrated silica sol is 30 percent, and the concentrated silica sol completely meets the standard of chemical industry Standard HG/T2521-2008 for acidic Industrial silica sol with other indexes. An angle of attack
Step four, treating the sulfate solution of a plurality of elements dissolved in sulfuric acid in the step three by using calcium oxide as a neutralizing agent to adjust different pH values for precipitation, which comprises the following steps:
lime (calcium oxide) is used as neutralizing agent for separation, and further dehydration is carried out to produce gypsum, ferric oxide and aluminum oxide. Neutralizing the pH value of the calcium sulfate and gypsum by lime for 4 hours to precipitate, performing centrifugal separation, drying the free water at 150 ℃, and removing the attached water and the free water to prepare sulfuric acid;
when the pH value is 4.5 by continuing to neutralize with lime, precipitating ferric hydroxide (ferric iron), centrifugally separating to obtain ferric hydroxide (ferric iron), and dehydrating the ferric hydroxide (ferric iron) to obtain ferric oxide; the iron oxide accords with the iron ore powder industry standard in the YB/T4267-2011 iron ore product grade division.
And (3) continuously neutralizing the pH value of the aluminum hydroxide with lime to 6, precipitating the aluminum hydroxide, performing centrifugal separation, and heating the centrifugally separated aluminum hydroxide to 95 ℃ to remove attached water to obtain the aluminum hydroxide finished product meeting the standard. The produced aluminum hydroxide is in accordance with GB/T4294-2010 aluminum hydroxide national standard
When the medium and trace concentrations of the remaining sulfate solution containing magnesium sulfate, sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, trace elements of manganese, copper, zinc and the like are respectively 8% after vacuum evaporation and concentration, the sum of the medium elements of calcium and magnesium is 10% after insufficient supplement, and when the total amount of the trace elements of manganese, copper and zinc reaches 10% after insufficient supplement, the qualified water-soluble compound fertilizer containing the medium elements and the trace elements of potassium sulfate and sodium sulfate is a qualified water-soluble compound fertilizer containing the medium elements and the trace elements of potassium sulfate and sodium sulfate and meets the standard. Qualified medium-element and trace-element water-soluble compound fertilizer containing potassium sulfate and sodium sulfate meets the industrial standards of NY 2266-2012 medium-element water-soluble fertilizers and the industrial standards of NY 1428-2010 trace-element water-soluble fertilizers.
In order to prevent recrystallization and precipitation, an anti-crystallization agent dodecyl lauric acid betaine is added, and the addition amount is two thousandth of that of the qualified water-soluble compound fertilizer containing medium elements and trace elements of potassium sulfate and sodium sulfate. And a stabilizer is also added, wherein the stabilizer is a solution of 10% of water-soluble polyacrylic acid, and the addition amount of the stabilizer is three percent of that of the qualified water-soluble compound fertilizer containing medium elements and trace elements of potassium sulfate and sodium sulfate. Finally, the pH value of the water-soluble fertilizer is adjusted to 3, and the qualified water-soluble compound fertilizer containing the medium elements and the trace elements of the potassium sulfate and the sodium sulfate is obtained.
The above examples are intended to further illustrate the present invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The conditions in the embodiments can be further adjusted according to specific conditions, and simple modifications of the method of the present invention on the premise of the concept of the present invention are within the scope of the claimed invention.
Claims (22)
1. A method for producing silica sol by using desulfurized gypsum and fly ash to treat wastes with processes of wastes against one another is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the first step is as follows: producing sulfuric acid and calcium oxide by using desulfurized gypsum;
a second step of treating the fly ash with sulfuric acid to generate sulfate of various elements dissolved in the sulfuric acid and sulfuric acid insoluble silica;
the third step: centrifugally separating to separate out silicon dioxide and sulfate solution of various elements dissolved in sulfuric acid, and treating the silicon dioxide by using sulfuric acid and a catalyst to produce silica sol;
and a fourth step of treating the sulfate solution of the multiple elements dissolved in the sulfuric acid in the third step by using calcium oxide as a neutralizing agent to adjust different pH values for precipitation, wherein:
firstly, forming calcium sulfate, namely gypsum precipitate, centrifugally separating the calcium sulfate, namely the gypsum precipitate, drying the calcium sulfate, namely the gypsum precipitate to remove attached water and free water, and then preparing sulfuric acid and calcium oxide;
then forming ferric hydroxide precipitate, centrifugally separating the ferric hydroxide precipitate, and dehydrating to obtain ferric oxide;
finally, aluminum hydroxide precipitate is formed, and the aluminum hydroxide precipitate after centrifugal separation is dehydrated and dried to obtain finished aluminum hydroxide;
the fifth step: and (3) carrying out vacuum evaporation and concentration on the sulfate solution left after the calcium sulfate, the ferric hydroxide and the aluminum hydroxide are precipitated in the fourth step to obtain a sulfate solution with the mass percentage concentration of 5-10%, supplementing calcium and magnesium secondary elements and trace elements to the obtained sulfate solution with the mass percentage concentration of 5-10%, and adjusting the pH value to 2-4 to obtain the qualified water-soluble compound fertilizer containing the secondary elements and the trace elements of the potassium sulfate and the sodium sulfate.
2. The method for producing silica sol by using desulfurized gypsum and fly ash as claimed in claim 1, wherein the second step comprises: the fly ash is used as a raw material, and the purified fly ash is obtained by removing impurity components after screening pretreatment.
3. The method for producing silica sol using desulfurized gypsum and fly ash according to claim 2, wherein said purified fly ash after being pretreated by screening fly ash and removing impurities is subjected to high-speed shear activation treatment, then heated and pressurized with sulfuric acid to dissolve out iron, aluminum, calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium and other trace metal components, thereby obtaining insoluble silica.
4. The method for producing silica sol using desulfurized gypsum and fly ash according to claim 3, wherein said high-speed shear activation treatment involves a number of revolutions of the high-speed shear activator of 3000 rpm to 10000 rpm.
5. The method for producing silica sol by using desulfurized gypsum and fly ash as claimed in claim 3, wherein said sulfuric acid is added to dissolve out iron, aluminum, calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium and other trace metal impurity components by heating and pressurizing, the mass percent concentration of sulfuric acid in the silica is 10% -50%, and the addition amount is 1-5 times of the mass of the activated fly ash.
6. The method for producing silica sol by using desulfurized gypsum and fly ash as claimed in claim 3, wherein said sulfuric acid is added to dissolve iron, aluminum, calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium and other trace metal components by heating and pressurizing to obtain silica, wherein the heating and pressurizing are carried out at a temperature of 120 ℃ to 200 ℃ and a pressure of 0.2MPa to 1.6 MPa.
7. The method for producing silica sol by using desulfurized gypsum and fly ash with waste as claimed in claim 3, wherein said sulfuric acid is added for heating and pressurizing to dissolve iron, aluminum, calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium and other trace metal components to obtain silica, and the dissolution time is 1 h-6 h.
8. The method for producing silica sol by using desulfurized gypsum and fly ash according to claim 1, wherein in the third step, the production of silica sol by using sulfuric acid and catalyst to treat silica is specifically: firstly, carrying out silica sol reaction on silicon dioxide, sulfuric acid and a catalyst together to obtain a crude silica sol solution, filtering the crude silica sol solution after the reaction is finished, and carrying out additional treatment on filter residue impurities; the filtrate is diluted silica sol solution; removing excessive water from the diluted silica sol solution by a vacuum evaporation concentration method, and cooling to recover water; and (4) metering and filling the concentrated finished product after the concentration of the sodium-free silica sol reaches 20-60% of the finished product, and warehousing the finished product.
9. The method for producing silica sol by using desulfurized gypsum and fly ash as claimed in claim 8, wherein the reaction temperature of said silica sol is 200-400 ℃, the pressure is 1.6 Mpa-4 Mp, and the reaction time is 2-4 hours.
10. The method for producing silica sol by using desulfurized gypsum and fly ash as claimed in claim 8, wherein said catalyst is a low valence subsite metal oxide added in an amount of 1-5% per mill of the silica dry basis in the activated fly ash.
11. The method for producing silica sol by using desulfurized gypsum and fly ash as claimed in claim 8, wherein said metallic oxide in lower valence state is one or a mixture of two or more of ferrous oxide, manganous oxide and cuprous oxide.
12. The method for producing silica sol by using desulfurized gypsum and fly ash according to claim 8, wherein said filtering is performed on the crude silica sol solutionThe filter medium is one of polyvinylidene fluoride fiber and polystyrene fiber, the filtering speed is 2 m/h-10 m/h, the filtering period is 12 h-96 h, and the back flushing water amount is 0.5m3/m3·min－3m3/m3·min。
13. The method for producing silica sol using desulfurized gypsum and fly ash by treating wastes with wastes according to claim 1, wherein in the fourth step, the sulfate solution of the plurality of elements dissolved in sulfuric acid of the third step is treated with calcium oxide as a neutralizing agent to adjust different pH values for precipitation, wherein: when the pH value is adjusted to 4, calcium sulfate, namely gypsum precipitate, is formed; when the pH value is adjusted to 4.5, ferric hydroxide precipitate is formed; when the pH was adjusted to 6, aluminum hydroxide precipitate was formed.
14. The method for producing silica sol by using desulfurized gypsum and fly ash according to claim 1, wherein the drying temperature of the sulfuric acid produced by drying the calcium sulfate (gypsum) precipitate to remove the attached water and the free water is 150 ℃.
15. The method for producing silica sol by using desulfurized gypsum and fly ash as claimed in claim 1, wherein the drying temperature of the aluminum hydroxide precipitate after centrifugal separation for desorption, water adsorption and drying to obtain the finished product of aluminum hydroxide is 95 ℃.
16. The method for producing silica sol by using desulfurized gypsum and fly ash as claimed in claim 1, wherein an anti-crystallizing agent is added to the water-soluble compound fertilizer containing medium elements and trace elements of potassium sulfate and sodium sulfate in the fifth step, the addition being 0.5-0.4% of the total amount of the water-soluble compound fertilizer containing medium elements and trace elements of potassium sulfate and sodium sulfate.
17. The method for producing silica sol by using desulfurized gypsum and fly ash with waste control as claimed in claim 16, wherein said crystallization inhibitor is one or a mixture of any two or more of sodium hexametaphosphate, potassium laurate phosphate, and dodecyl lauric acid betaine.
18. The method for producing silica sol by using desulfurized gypsum and fly ash with waste control as claimed in claim 1 or 16, wherein stabilizer is added into the water-soluble compound fertilizer containing potassium sulfate, sodium sulfate and trace elements in the fifth step, and the amount of the stabilizer is 1% -5% of the amount of the water-soluble compound fertilizer containing medium and trace elements.
19. The method for producing silica sol by using desulfurized gypsum and fly ash according to claim 18, wherein said stabilizer is one of water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyacrylic acid, and polyacrylamide with a mass percentage concentration of 10%.
20. The method for producing the silica sol by using the desulfurized gypsum and the fly ash and treating wastes with wastes according to claim 1, wherein the silica sol meets the "HG/T2521-2008 industrial silica sol standard", the ferric oxide meets the "industrial standard for iron ore powder in the classification of YB/T4267-2011 iron ore products", the aluminum hydroxide meets the "national standard for GB/T4294-2010 aluminum hydroxide", and the medium-element and trace-element water-soluble compound fertilizer product containing potassium sulfate and sodium sulfate meets the "industrial standard for medium-element water-soluble fertilizers in NY 2266-2012" and the "industrial standard for NY 1428-2010 trace-element water-soluble fertilizers".
21. The method for producing silica sol by using desulfurized gypsum and fly ash according to claim 1, wherein in the first step, said desulfurized gypsum can be replaced by gypsum which is a by-product of other industries.
22. The method for producing silica sol by using desulfurized gypsum and fly ash according to claim 21, wherein said gypsum as by-product in other industries is one or a mixture of any two or more of phosphogypsum, titanium gypsum, ceramic waste mold gypsum, mirabilite gypsum, salt gypsum, fluorgypsum, waste paper gypsum board, citric acid gypsum, boron gypsum and sewage treatment gypsum.
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