CN111250798A - Translational mechanism capable of synchronously and steplessly adjusting gyration radius and gear machining device - Google Patents
Translational mechanism capable of synchronously and steplessly adjusting gyration radius and gear machining device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111250798A CN111250798A CN202010233749.6A CN202010233749A CN111250798A CN 111250798 A CN111250798 A CN 111250798A CN 202010233749 A CN202010233749 A CN 202010233749A CN 111250798 A CN111250798 A CN 111250798A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
- B23F23/00—Accessories or equipment combined with or arranged in, or specially designed to form part of, gear-cutting machines
- B23F23/003—Generating mechanisms
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
- B23F23/00—Accessories or equipment combined with or arranged in, or specially designed to form part of, gear-cutting machines
- B23F23/12—Other devices, e.g. tool holders; Checking devices for controlling workpieces in machines for manufacturing gear teeth
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Abstract
The invention is suitable for the technical field of gear machining, and provides a translation mechanism capable of steplessly adjusting the gyration radius and a gear machining device, which comprise a supporting seat, wherein a plurality of rollers are arranged on the supporting seat; the auxiliary cutter disc is positioned between the rollers; the main cutter head is positioned above the auxiliary cutter head, and the main cutter head and the auxiliary cutter head are not coaxial; the two ends of the connecting rod are fixedly connected with a first connecting rod shaft and a second connecting rod shaft respectively, the first connecting rod shaft is connected with the auxiliary cutter head in a sliding mode, and the second connecting rod shaft is connected with the main cutter head in a sliding mode; an input shaft connected with the main cutter head; and the radius adjusting device is used for adjusting the distance between the second connecting rod shaft and the center of the main cutter head. Therefore, the gear with different tooth trace radiuses can be processed, the rotary motion radiuses of the gear processing mechanisms can be synchronously adjusted at the same time, and the adjusting efficiency is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of gear machining, and particularly relates to a translation mechanism capable of synchronously and steplessly adjusting a turning radius and a gear machining device.
Background
The existing circular arc tooth trace cylindrical gear mainly comprises a variable hyperbolic circular arc tooth trace cylindrical gear and a circular arc tooth trace cylindrical gear with equal tooth thickness in the circumferential direction, but the processing method of the circular arc tooth trace cylindrical gear has some defects, such as:
the circular arc tooth trace cylindrical gear processing device disclosed in patent CN100335821C adopts a parallel connecting rod type structure, when processing gears, the blade fixed on the tool rest makes a rotary motion in a plane parallel to the axis of the cylindrical gear, the normal direction of the blade working base surface is kept unchanged, but the method can only process circular arc tooth trace cylindrical gears with equal tooth thickness in the circumferential direction of the circular arc tooth trace, and the device only cuts the gears once in one period, and the processing efficiency is low.
The circular arc toothed cylindrical gear translation processing device disclosed in patent CN103203647B adopts a planetary gear train and an idler wheel structure, can realize multi-cutter-holder multi-blade cutting, has high processing efficiency, but can only process circular arc toothed cylindrical gears with equal tooth thickness in the circumferential direction.
The circular arc tooth trace cylindrical gear and the processing method thereof disclosed in patent CN1047137A, when the gear is processed, the circular arc tooth trace cylindrical gear is milled by the blade fixed on the rotary cutter disc, the working base of the blade constantly changes with the rotary cutter disc, the tooth thickness of the circular arc tooth trace cylindrical gear processed by the method is equal in the normal direction of the circular arc tooth trace, i.e. the tooth groove width is equal, and the circumferential tooth groove width is unequal, i.e. the circumferential tooth thickness is unequal. The method can only continuously cut the same tooth groove in one period, and has low processing efficiency.
The variable hyperbolic arc tooth trace cylindrical gear disclosed in patent CN106438920A provides a large cutter head machining process, wherein a cutter rotates around the center of a cutter head, the working base surface of the cutter constantly changes along with the rotation of the cutter head, the process can only continuously cut the same tooth groove when machining the gear, the machining efficiency is low, the machining period is long, and the machining cost is high.
Therefore, the current circular arc tooth trace cylindrical gear machining device is complex in structure, can only adapt to one type of circular arc tooth trace cylindrical gear, can only cut the same tooth groove frequently, and is low in machining efficiency; meanwhile, the current circular arc tooth trace cylindrical gear machining device can only machine a gear with one tooth trace radius, when the gear with different tooth trace radii needs to be machined, equipment needs to be replaced, and equipment cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a translation mechanism capable of synchronously and steplessly adjusting the gyration radius and a gear processing device, and aims to solve the technical problems that the gear processing device in the prior art is complex in structure, low in processing adaptability and low in processing efficiency, and cannot be particularly suitable for processing gears with different circular arc tooth trace radiuses.
The invention is realized in this way, a translational mechanism capable of synchronously and steplessly adjusting the gyration radius comprises:
the supporting seat is provided with a plurality of rollers;
the auxiliary cutter disc is positioned between the rollers;
the main cutter head is positioned above the auxiliary cutter head, and the main cutter head and the auxiliary cutter head are not coaxial;
the two ends of the connecting rod are fixedly connected with a first connecting rod shaft and a second connecting rod shaft respectively, the first connecting rod shaft is connected with the auxiliary cutter head in a sliding mode, and the second connecting rod shaft is connected with the main cutter head in a sliding mode;
an input shaft connected with the main cutter head;
and the radius adjusting device is used for adjusting the distance between the second connecting rod shaft and the center of the main cutter disc, and comprises a rotary disc coaxial with the main cutter disc, and a third sliding groove for accommodating the second connecting rod shaft is formed in the rotary disc.
Further, the third sliding groove does not extend in the radial direction of the turntable.
Further, the number of the third sliding grooves is the same as the number of the second link shafts.
Further, the carousel is the worm wheel, just the diameter of carousel with the diameter of main blade disc equals.
Further, a connecting lug is arranged on the main cutter disc, a worm is installed on the connecting lug, and the worm wheel is meshed with the worm.
Furthermore, the support seat is also provided with a first input shaft mounting hole, and the first input shaft mounting hole is coaxial with the main cutter head.
Furthermore, the auxiliary cutter head comprises an auxiliary inner ring body and an auxiliary outer ring body, and the auxiliary inner ring body and the auxiliary outer ring body are connected through an auxiliary wheel spoke plate; and a first sliding groove is formed in the auxiliary wheel spoke plate and used for mounting the first connecting rod shaft.
Further, the main cutter disc comprises a main inner ring body and a main outer ring body, and the main inner ring body and the main outer ring body are connected through a main spoke plate; and a second sliding groove is formed in the main wheel spoke plate, and the second connecting rod shaft penetrates through the second sliding groove, so that the second connecting rod shaft is positioned on two sides of the main cutter head.
Furthermore, the first sliding grooves are distributed along the radial direction of the auxiliary cutter head, and the second sliding grooves are distributed along the radial direction of the main cutter head.
The invention also provides a gear processing device which comprises a gear processing mechanism and the translation mechanism capable of synchronously and steplessly adjusting the gyration radius, wherein the gear processing mechanism is arranged on the second connecting rod shaft.
Compared with the prior art, the gear machining device has the advantages of compact structure, small vibration, stable rotation, high component rigidity, high machining precision and high machining efficiency, and increases the application of gear machining, and at least has the following technical effects:
1. in the translational mechanism capable of synchronously and steplessly adjusting the gyration radius, the main cutter disc, the auxiliary cutter disc and the connecting rod form a parallel motion mechanism, the connecting rod realizes translational motion under the rotation of the main cutter disc, and the translational mechanism capable of synchronously and steplessly adjusting the gyration radius has a compact and simple structure.
2. The distance between the second connecting rod shaft and the center of the main cutter head can be adjusted through the radius adjusting device, and after the gear machining mechanism is installed on the translation mechanism capable of synchronously and steplessly adjusting the gyration radius, the gyration motion radius of the gear machining mechanism can be adjusted as well and belongs to a stepless adjusting mode.
3. When each second connecting rod shaft is provided with a gear processing mechanism, the radius adjusting device can synchronously adjust the distances between the plurality of second connecting rod shafts and the center of the main cutter head, so that the rotary motion radii of the plurality of gear processing mechanisms can be synchronously adjusted at the same time, and the adjusting efficiency is high.
4. The corresponding gear processing mechanism can be arranged on the translation mechanism capable of synchronously and steplessly adjusting the gyration radius as required to realize the translation motion of the gear processing mechanism, so that the translation mechanism capable of synchronously and steplessly adjusting the gyration radius can be suitable for processing variable hyperbolic circular-arc tooth-trace cylindrical gears and circular-arc tooth-trace cylindrical gears with equal tooth thickness, and has stronger processing adaptability;
5. in the gear processing device for processing the cylindrical gear with the variable hyperbolic arc tooth trace, the blades can be ensured to do rotary motion relative to the axis of the main cutter disc, namely the revolution motion of the blades, and meanwhile, the blades do rotary motion relative to the axes of the blades, namely the rotation motion of the blades, so that the tangential direction of the working base surface of the blades always points to the axes of the input shaft, and the final resultant motion of the blades is as follows: the cutter head rotates around the axis of the main cutter head, and the tangential direction of the working base surface of the blade always points to the axis of the input shaft, so that the variable hyperbolic arc tooth trace cylindrical gear with the tooth trace radius equal to the rotation motion radius can be processed.
6. In the invention, a plurality of blades can be linearly arranged at intervals of pi m, wherein m is the modulus of the gear to be processed, so that when the gear is cut, the plurality of blades can continuously process the cylindrical gear with the variable hyperbolic arc tooth trace or the cylindrical gear with the arc tooth trace with the equal tooth thickness in the circumferential direction, and the processing efficiency is high.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present invention or in the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a translational mechanism capable of synchronously and steplessly adjusting a gyration radius, provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the construction of a sub cutter head of the present invention equipped with a second link shaft and an automatic radius adjusting device;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the support base of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the construction of the secondary cutterhead of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the main cutter head of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the gear processing apparatus of the present invention with a gear processing mechanism installed;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of the gear processing mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the construction of the tool holder of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a blade assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is another schematic structural view of the blade assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of yet another construction of the blade assembly of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed" or "disposed" to another element, it can be directly on the other element or be indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be indirectly connected to the other element.
It will be understood that the terms "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like, as used herein, refer to an orientation or positional relationship indicated in the drawings that is solely for the purpose of facilitating the description and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and is therefore not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a translation mechanism capable of synchronously and steplessly adjusting a gyration radius, which comprises a support seat 10, an auxiliary cutter head 20, a main cutter head 30 and a connecting rod 40;
a plurality of rollers 11 are arranged on the supporting seat 10, the rollers 11 are uniformly distributed on the supporting seat 10, the rollers 11 can rotate relative to the supporting seat 10, and the supporting seat 10 has a first axis A1; preferably, the number of the rollers 11 is plural.
The auxiliary cutter disc 20 is arranged among the rollers 11, the auxiliary cutter disc 20 and the supporting seat 10 are coaxial, namely, the axis of the auxiliary cutter disc 20 is also a first axis A1;
the main cutter disc 30 is positioned above the secondary cutter disc 20, the main cutter disc 30 has a second axis a2, the first axis a1 and the second axis a2 are not coaxial, that is, the main cutter disc 30 and the secondary cutter disc 20 are not coaxial;
a connecting rod 40, both ends of the connecting rod 40 are respectively fixedly connected with the first connecting rod shaft 21 and the second connecting rod shaft 31, that is, the connecting rod 40, the first connecting rod shaft 21 and the second connecting rod shaft 31 are relatively fixed, the first connecting rod shaft 21 is slidably connected with the auxiliary cutter disc 20, and the second connecting rod shaft 31 is slidably connected with the main cutter disc 30;
and the input shaft 50 is connected with the main cutter disc 30.
As shown in fig. 2, the translational mechanism capable of synchronously and steplessly adjusting the gyration radius further includes a radius adjusting device 60 for adjusting the distance between the second connecting rod shaft 31 and the center of the main cutter head 30, the radius adjusting device 60 includes a rotary disc 72 coaxial with the main cutter head 30, and the rotary disc 72 has a third sliding groove 711 for accommodating the second connecting rod shaft 31.
Preferably, the number of the connecting rods 40, the first connecting rod shafts 21 and the second connecting rod shafts 31 is plural.
When the distance between the second link shaft 31 and the center of the main cutter head 30 needs to be adjusted, the rotating disc 72 is rotated to drive the second link shaft 31 to move in the third sliding groove 711, so that the distance between the second link shaft 31 and the center of the main cutter head 30 is adjusted.
Preferably, the third sliding groove 711 does not extend in the radial direction of the dial 72.
Preferably, the number of the third sliding grooves 711 is the same as the number of the second link shafts 31, and thus, the radius adjusting device 60 of the present invention can simultaneously and simultaneously adjust the distances between the plurality of second link shafts 31 and the center of the main cutter head 30.
Preferably, the rotating disc 72 is a worm gear, and the diameter of the rotating disc 72 is equal to that of the main cutter disc 30.
Preferably, the main cutter head 30 is provided with a connecting lug 38, a worm 71 is mounted on the connecting lug 38, and the worm wheel is meshed with the worm 71.
Since the worm gear mechanism is excellent in self-locking performance, the second link shaft 31 can be locked at a fixed position better.
As shown in fig. 3, the supporting seat 10 further has a first input shaft mounting hole 12, the first input shaft mounting hole 12 is located at an eccentric position of the supporting seat 10, and the first input shaft mounting hole 12 is coaxial with the main cutter head 30, that is, the axis of the first input shaft mounting hole 12 is also the second axis a 2;
the input shaft 50 passes through the input shaft first mounting hole 12 and is connected with the main cutter head 30 for driving the main cutter head 30 to rotate.
As shown in fig. 4, which is a structural schematic diagram of the secondary cutter head, the secondary cutter head 20 comprises a secondary inner ring body 22 and a secondary outer ring body 23, the secondary inner ring body 22 and the secondary outer ring body 23 are connected through a secondary wheel spoke plate 24, and therefore, a secondary lightening hole 26 is formed between the secondary wheel spoke plates 24; preferably, the secondary spider webs 24 are evenly distributed over the secondary cutter discs 20; the described construction of the secondary cutterhead 20 allows the secondary cutterhead 20 to be lightweight while maintaining the smoothness of the secondary cutterhead 20 during movement.
The auxiliary wheel disk 24 is provided with a first sliding groove 25 for mounting the first connecting rod shaft 21. Preferably, the number of the first sliding grooves 25 is plural; preferably, the first sliding groove 25 is located in the radial direction of the sub-cutter disc 20.
As shown in fig. 5, which is a schematic structural diagram of the main cutter head, the main cutter head 30 comprises a main inner ring 32 and a main outer ring 33, and the main inner ring 32 and the main outer ring 33 are connected by main spoke plates 34, so that main lightening holes 36 are formed between the main spoke plates 34; preferably, the main spoke plates 34 are evenly distributed over the main cutter head 30; the described configuration of the main cutter head 30 allows for a lighter weight main cutter head 30 while maintaining the smoothness of the main cutter head 30 during movement.
A second sliding groove 35 is formed in the main wheel spoke 34, and the second connecting rod shaft 31 penetrates through the second sliding groove 35, so that the second connecting rod shaft 31 is located on two sides of the main cutter head 30.
Preferably, the number of the second sliding grooves 35 is plural; preferably, the second sliding groove 35 is located in the radial direction of the main cutter disc 30.
The main inner ring 32 has an input shaft second mounting hole 37, and the input shaft 50 is mounted on the main cutter head 30 through the input shaft second mounting hole 37 for driving the main cutter head 30 to rotate.
When a gear is machined, the input shaft 50 drives the main cutter disc 30 to rotate, the main cutter disc 30 drives the auxiliary cutter disc 20 to rotate through the second connecting rod shaft 31, the connecting rod 40 and the first connecting rod shaft 21, and the main cutter disc 30 and the auxiliary cutter disc 20 are not coaxial, so that the main cutter disc 30, the auxiliary cutter disc 20 and the connecting rod 40 form a parallel movement mechanism, and the connecting rod 40 makes translational movement under the rotation of the main cutter disc 30 driven by the input shaft 50.
When the distance between the second link shaft 31 and the center of the main cutter 30 needs to be adjusted, the worm gear is driven to rotate by the rotation of the worm 71, and further the second link shaft 31 is driven to move in the third sliding groove 711 and the second sliding groove 35, the first link shaft 21 is driven to move in the first sliding groove 25 by the second link shaft 31 through the link 40, and when the second link shaft 31 moves to a proper position, the rotation of the worm 71 is suspended, so that the distance between the second link shaft 31 and the center of the main cutter 30 is adjusted. Since the worm gear mechanism is excellent in self-locking performance, the second link shaft 31 can be locked at a fixed position.
As shown in fig. 6, which is a schematic view of a gear processing apparatus equipped with a gear processing mechanism, when the gear processing mechanism 100 is mounted on the second link shaft 31, the second link shaft 31 and the link 40 are fixedly connected, so that the translation of the gear processing mechanism 100 can be realized. Meanwhile, since the distance between the second link shaft 31 and the center of the main cutter head 30 can be adjusted by the radius adjusting device 60, the radius of the revolving motion of the gear processing mechanism 100 can also be adjusted. Since the turntable 72 can rotate continuously, the distance between the second connecting rod shaft 31 and the center of the main cutter head 30 can also be adjusted continuously, and therefore, the radius of the rotary motion of the gear processing mechanism 100 is in a stepless adjustment mode.
Further, the gear machining mechanism 100 can be mounted on each second connecting rod shaft 31, so that multiple times of cutting can be performed on the gear blank workpiece in one period, and the machining efficiency is further improved. Meanwhile, the radius adjusting device 60 of the present invention can simultaneously and simultaneously adjust the distances between the plurality of second link shafts 31 and the center of the main cutter head 30, and thus, can simultaneously and simultaneously adjust the radius of the revolving motion of the plurality of gear processing mechanisms 100.
Generally speaking, the radius of the circular arc tooth trace of the gear to be machined is equal to the radius of the rotary motion of the gear machining mechanism.
As shown in fig. 7, a schematic structural diagram of a gear processing mechanism for processing a cylinder gear with a hyperbolic-arc-shaped tooth trace is shown, specifically, a first sun gear 102 is further fixed on the main cutter 30, the gear processing mechanism 100 includes a cutter holder 101 fixedly mounted on the second connecting rod shaft 31, and a second sun gear 103, a first planet gear 104 and a second planet gear 105 are mounted on the cutter holder 101, and the first planet gear 104 and the second planet gear 105 surround the first sun gear 102 and the second sun gear 103 and are meshed with the first sun gear 102 and the second sun gear 103.
The first sun gear 102 and the second sun gear 103 have the same number of teeth.
As shown in fig. 8, which is a schematic structural diagram of the tool post, the tool post 101 includes a tool post disk 1011, the tool post disk 1011 has a blade receiving groove 1012 for receiving the blade assembly 106, the tool post disk 1011 has a first column 1013 for mounting the first planetary gear 104, the tool post disk 1011 has a second column 1014 for mounting the second planetary gear 105, the tool post 101 further includes a tool post mounting block 1015, the tool post mounting block 1015 has a gap with the tool post disk 1011, the tool post mounting block 1015 has a tool post mounting hole 1016, when the tool post 101 is mounted, the second connecting rod shaft 31 passes through the tool post mounting hole 1016, the second connecting rod shaft 31 is fixedly connected with the tool post 101, the first sun gear 102 is positioned between the tool post mounting block 1015 and the main tool disk 30, the second sun gear 103 is sleeved on the second connecting rod shaft 31, and the second sun gear 103 is positioned between the tool post mounting block 1015 and the tool post disk 1011; the tool holder mounting block 1015 is connected to the tool holder disk 1011 via connecting posts 1017 on both sides.
As shown in fig. 9, which is a schematic structural diagram of the blade assembly, the blade assembly 106 includes a blade 1064, a blade seat 1063, and a crank 1062, the number of the blade 1064, the blade seat 1063, and the crank 1062 is single, the blade 1064 is fixed on the crank 1062 after passing through the blade seat 1063, the blade 1064 and the blade seat 1063 are connected in rotation, and the blade seat 1063 is installed in the blade receiving groove 1012 of the blade holder; a first mounting rod 1061 is fixed to the crank 1062, and the first mounting rod 1061 is provided at an eccentric position of the second sun gear 103.
The blade assembly of fig. 9 has one blade 1064, so that only one tooth slot can be machined during machining, and in order to improve machining efficiency, fig. 10 shows a blade assembly with a plurality of blades 1064, wherein the plurality of blades 1064, a plurality of blade holders 1063, and a plurality of cranks 1062 are arranged, the plurality of blades 1064 are fixed on the plurality of cranks 1062 after passing through the plurality of blade holders 1063, the plurality of blades 1064 are rotatably connected with the plurality of blade holders 1063, and the plurality of blade holders 1063 are mounted in the blade receiving groove 1012 of the blade holder; a plurality of short pins 1066 are fixed to the plurality of cranks 1062, the plurality of short pins 1066 are rotatably coupled to a connecting rod 1065, a first mounting rod 1061 is fixed to the connecting rod 1065, and the first mounting rod 1061 is disposed at an eccentric position of the second sun gear 103.
The blades 1064 are linearly arranged at intervals of pi m (m is the modulus of the gear to be processed), when the gear is cut, each blade processes one tooth groove, and the blades can continuously process the cylindrical gear with the variable hyperbolic arc tooth trace and are equivalent to a rack cutter with the variable hyperbolic arc tooth trace to cut a gear tooth blank, so that the processing efficiency is improved.
Preferably, the cutting faces formed by the two cutting edges of the insert 1064 during machining are a forward tapered face and a reverse tapered face, respectively.
In order to obtain the cylindrical gear with the hyperbolic-arc tooth trace, taking the gear blank workpiece 1000 as an example, the gear processing device of the invention has the following action principle:
translational motion:
the input shaft 50 drives the main cutter head 30 to rotate, the main cutter head 30 drives the auxiliary cutter head 20 to rotate through the second connecting rod shaft 31, the connecting rod 40 and the first connecting rod shaft 21, and the main cutter head 30 and the auxiliary cutter head 20 are not coaxial, so that the main cutter head 30, the auxiliary cutter head 20 and the connecting rod 40 form a parallel movement mechanism, and the connecting rod 40 makes translational movement under the rotation of the main cutter head 30 driven by the input shaft 50;
because the second connecting rod shaft 31 is fixedly connected with the tool rest 101 and the connecting rod 40, the tool rest 101 also translates;
and (3) autorotation movement:
as the tool rest 101 translates, the tool rest 101 rotates relative to the main tool disc 30, the second sun gear 103 is stationary relative to the main tool disc 30, the second sun gear 103 rotates relative to the tool rest 101, and the second sun gear 103 enables the blade 1064 to rotate relative to the tool rest 101 through a crank 1062 and other components;
revolution movement:
the tool rest 101 revolves around the axis a2 following the main cutter head 30, and therefore, the blade 1064 also revolves around the axis a2 following the main cutter head 30, which is the radius of the revolving motion of the gear processing mechanism 100.
Final resultant motion of the blade:
the final resultant motion of the blade 1064 is a rotary motion around the axis a2 of the main cutter head 30, and the tangential direction of the working base of the blade 1064 always points to the axis of the input shaft 50, so that a cylindrical gear with a hyperbolic arc-shaped tooth trace having a tooth trace radius equal to the radius of the rotary motion can be machined.
The gear processing device can ensure that the blades do rotary motion relative to the axis of the main cutter disc, namely the revolution motion of the blades, and meanwhile, the blades do rotary motion relative to the axes of the blades, namely the rotation motion of the blades, so that the tangential direction of the working base surfaces of the blades always points to the axes of the input shaft.
When the cylindrical gear with the hyperbolic arc tooth trace is specifically processed, the gear processing mechanism with only a single blade shown in fig. 9 is adopted, and the gear processing mechanism with multiple blades shown in fig. 10 is adopted, the process is slightly different, and specifically: when the gear processing mechanism only having a single blade shown in fig. 9 is adopted, and the gear blank workpiece 1000 performs rotary motion, the entire gear processing device or the gear blank workpiece 1000 performs uniform linear feed motion, so that generating processing motion can be realized, after each tooth socket is processed, the gear blank workpiece 1000 needs to be rotated by 360 °/Z (Z is the number of gear teeth) along the axis thereof, and then the next tooth socket is processed until the cylindrical gear with the whole hyperbolic arc tooth trace is cut out. When the gear machining mechanism with multiple blades shown in fig. 10 is adopted, the gear machining mechanism with multiple blades does not need to rotate the gear blank by 360 degrees/Z after machining one tooth slot, the gear machining mechanism with multiple blades can simultaneously cut the tooth slots with the same number as the blades, the gear blank workpiece 1000 can realize continuous generating movement only by rolling without sliding, and after one group of tooth slots with the same number as the blades are machined, the gear blank workpiece 1000 is rotated by a corresponding angle along the axis to machine the next group of tooth slots.
As shown in fig. 11, a schematic structural diagram of another gear machining mechanism for machining a circular arc gear with a circumferential equal tooth thickness is shown, specifically, the gear machining mechanism includes a tool holder 101 fixedly mounted on the second connecting rod shaft 31, the blade assembly includes a blade 1064 and a blade seat 1063, the blade seat 1063 is fixed on the tool holder 101, and the number of the blades 1064 may be single or multiple.
In order to obtain a cylindrical gear with a circumferential arc tooth trace and equal tooth thickness, taking a gear blank workpiece 1000 as an example, the gear processing device disclosed by the invention has the following action principle:
the input shaft 50 drives the main cutter disc 30 to rotate, the main cutter disc 30 drives the auxiliary cutter disc 20 to rotate through the second connecting rod shaft 31, the connecting rod 40 and the first connecting rod shaft 21, and the main cutter disc 30 and the auxiliary cutter disc 20 are not coaxial, so that the main cutter disc 30, the auxiliary cutter disc 20 and the connecting rod 40 form a parallel motion mechanism, the connecting rod 40 makes translational motion under the rotation of the main cutter disc 30 driven by the input shaft 50, and the cutter frame 101 also makes translational motion because the second connecting rod shaft 31 is fixedly connected with the cutter frame 101 and the connecting rod 40 is fixedly connected, so that the cutter frame 101 also makes translational motion, and the blade 1064 also makes translational motion;
the tool rest 101 revolves around the axis a2 following the main cutter head 30, and therefore, the blade 1064 also revolves around the axis a2 following the main cutter head 30, which is the radius of the revolving motion of the gear processing mechanism 100.
When the cylindrical gear with the circumferential equal-tooth-thickness circular arc tooth trace is machined, the tooth blank workpiece 1000 makes rotary motion, the whole gear machining device or the tooth blank workpiece 1000 makes uniform-speed linear feeding motion, and the blade 1064 and the rotary tooth blank workpiece 1000 form generating motion, so that the cylindrical gear with the circumferential equal-tooth-thickness circular arc tooth trace, the tooth trace radius of which is equal to the radius of rotary motion, can be machined.
Preferably, the blades 1064 are linearly arranged at intervals of pi m (m is the module of the gear to be machined), and when the gear is machined, the plurality of blades 1064 can continuously machine the circular arc gear with the circumferential equal tooth thickness, which is equivalent to the cutting of the circular arc gear rack cutter with the circumferential equal tooth thickness, so that the machining efficiency is improved.
Because the rotary motion radius of the gear processing mechanism 100 of the invention is adjustable and belongs to a stepless adjusting mode, gears with different tooth trace radii can be processed, the continuous stepless adjustment of the process parameter of the arc tooth trace radius is realized, and the application of gear processing is increased.
Meanwhile, when the gear processing mechanism 100 is mounted on each second connecting rod shaft 31, the radius adjusting device 60 of the present invention can simultaneously and synchronously adjust the distances between the plurality of second connecting rod shafts 31 and the center of the main cutter head 30, and therefore, the turning motion radii of the plurality of gear processing mechanisms 100 can be simultaneously and synchronously adjusted, and the adjustment efficiency is high.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A translation mechanism capable of synchronously and steplessly adjusting the gyration radius is characterized by comprising:
the supporting seat (10), a plurality of rollers (11) are arranged on the supporting seat (10);
the auxiliary cutter head (20), the auxiliary cutter head (20) is positioned between the rollers (11);
the main cutter head (30) is positioned above the auxiliary cutter head (20), and the main cutter head (30) and the auxiliary cutter head (20) are not coaxial;
the two ends of the connecting rod (40) are respectively fixedly connected with a first connecting rod shaft (21) and a second connecting rod shaft (31), the first connecting rod shaft (21) is connected with the auxiliary cutter head (20) in a sliding mode, and the second connecting rod shaft (31) is connected with the main cutter head (30) in a sliding mode;
the input shaft (50), the said input shaft (50) is connected with said main cutter head (30);
radius adjusting device (60), be used for adjusting second connecting rod axle (31) with distance between the center of main blade disc (30), radius adjusting device (60) include with main blade disc (30) coaxial carousel (72), have on carousel (72) and hold third sliding tray (711) of second connecting rod axle (31).
2. A synchronously stepless radius-of-gyration adjustable translation mechanism as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that said third sliding grooves (711) do not extend in the radial direction of the turntable (72).
3. The translational mechanism capable of synchronously and steplessly adjusting the gyration radius as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the number of the third sliding grooves (711) is the same as the number of the second link shafts (31).
4. The translational mechanism capable of synchronously and steplessly adjusting the gyration radius as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that said turntable (72) is a worm gear, and the diameter of said turntable (72) is equal to the diameter of said main cutter (30).
5. The translational mechanism capable of synchronously and steplessly adjusting the gyration radius as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that said main cutter (30) is provided with a connecting lug (38), said connecting lug (38) is provided with a worm (71), and said worm wheel is meshed with said worm (71).
6. The translational mechanism capable of synchronously and steplessly adjusting the gyration radius as claimed in claim 1, wherein said supporting seat (10) further has a first input shaft mounting hole (12), and said first input shaft mounting hole (12) is coaxial with said main cutter head (30).
7. The translational mechanism capable of synchronously and steplessly adjusting the gyration radius as claimed in claim 1, wherein said secondary cutter head (20) comprises a secondary inner ring body (22) and a secondary outer ring body (23), said secondary inner ring body (22) and said secondary outer ring body (23) are connected through a secondary spoke plate (24); the auxiliary wheel spoke plate (24) is provided with a first sliding groove (25), and the first sliding groove (25) is used for mounting the first connecting rod shaft (21).
8. The translational mechanism capable of synchronously and steplessly adjusting the gyration radius as claimed in claim 7, wherein said main cutter head (30) comprises a main inner ring body (32) and a main outer ring body (33), said main inner ring body (32) and said main outer ring body (33) being connected by a main spoke plate (34); be provided with second sliding tray (35) on main wheel radials (34), second connecting rod axle (31) pass second sliding tray (35) for second connecting rod axle (31) are located the both sides of main blade disc (30).
9. The translatory mechanism of claim 8, wherein said first sliding grooves (25) are radially distributed along the auxiliary cutter disc (20), and said second sliding grooves (35) are radially distributed along the main cutter disc (30).
10. A gear processing device, characterized by comprising a gear processing mechanism (100) and a translation mechanism capable of synchronously and steplessly adjusting the gyration radius according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the gear processing mechanism (100) is mounted on the second connecting rod shaft (31).
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| CN202010233749.6A CN111250798B (en) | 2020-03-29 | 2020-03-29 | Translational mechanism capable of synchronously and steplessly adjusting gyration radius and gear machining device |
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| CN202010233749.6A CN111250798B (en) | 2020-03-29 | 2020-03-29 | Translational mechanism capable of synchronously and steplessly adjusting gyration radius and gear machining device |
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| CN112077391A (en) * | 2020-09-20 | 2020-12-15 | 江苏张驰轮毂制造有限公司 | Automatic cutting equipment for aluminum alloy wheel hub |
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| CN111250798B (en) | 2021-09-07 |
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