CN111250638B - Bolt thread and groove forming method and equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a bolt thread and groove forming method and equipment thereof, and relates to the technical field of bolt processing. According to the invention, the groove washboard and the thread washboard on the bolt thread groove forming equipment are utilized, the groove is firstly formed on the screw on the bolt raw material, and then the thread is formed on the screw, so that the station does not need to be replaced, and the forming efficiency of the bolt is improved.

Description

Bolt thread and groove forming method and equipment

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of bolt processing, in particular to a method and equipment for forming threads and grooves of a bolt.

Background

At present, bolt connection is widely applied to mechanical equipment, automobile manufacturing, household appliances and daily life of people, and threaded connection is indispensable as fastening and connection between mechanical parts.

At present, there is a bolt in the market, including nut and pole portion, the shaping is fluted between the nut of this bolt and the screw thread to the screw hole accessory that the cooperation corresponds uses, in-service use, passes through threaded connection with the screw hole accessory on the bolt, and be provided with the boss corresponding with the recess in this screw hole accessory, in order to play locking effect to this bolt.

In the prior art, generally, a cold header is used for extruding a bolt and forming a groove in the machining process of threads and grooves on the bolt, then a worker transfers the bolt to another station, and the thread is rubbed on a rod part on the bolt raw material by using a rubbing cutter, so that more steps are needed, the station needs to be transferred, the forming efficiency of the bolt is reduced, and the part to be improved exists.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above technical problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a bolt thread and groove forming apparatus, wherein a groove washboard and a thread washboard on the bolt thread and groove forming apparatus are used to firstly washboard the groove on a screw on a bolt raw material and then washboard the thread on the screw, so that a station does not need to be replaced, which is helpful to improve the bolt forming efficiency.

The technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a bolt screw thread, recess former, includes the workstation, be fixed with the accessory plate on the workstation, horizontal reciprocal sliding on the workstation is provided with the frame that slides, be provided with the drive assembly who is used for driving the horizontal reciprocating motion of frame that slides on the workstation, it is provided with the mounting panel to go up and down to slide on the frame, the lower surface of mounting panel is provided with recess washboard and screw thread washboard, just be provided with the shifter that is used for converting recess washboard and screw thread washboard on the workstation.

By adopting the technical scheme, in actual use, when the groove needs to be molded and processed, the groove washboard is replaced by the conversion mechanism, then a worker places the raw material to be processed on the auxiliary plate and makes the mounting plate descend until the groove washboard is abutted against a screw in the bolt raw material, and at the moment, under the driving action of the driving assembly, the raw material between the auxiliary plate and the groove washboard is rubbed and processed; after the groove is machined, the mounting plate is lifted to a certain height, the groove washboard is converted into the thread washboard through the conversion mechanism, the mounting plate is lowered to the position where the thread washboard abuts against one end, far away from the nut, of the screw in the length direction, the raw materials between the auxiliary plate and the thread washboard are subjected to milling machining under the driving action of the driving assembly, the station does not need to be replaced, and therefore the forming efficiency of the bolt is improved.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the drive assembly comprises a reciprocating cylinder and a guide rod, the reciprocating cylinder is fixedly arranged on the workbench, a piston rod of the reciprocating cylinder is horizontally arranged, the guide rod is erected on the workbench, the length direction of the guide rod is parallel to the telescopic direction of the piston rod of the reciprocating cylinder, the sliding frame is sleeved on the guide rod, and the sliding frame is fixedly arranged on the piston rod of the reciprocating cylinder.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, in the in-service use, utilize reciprocating cylinder drive to slide the frame and carry out reciprocating motion along the length direction of guide bar, and then drive the mounting panel on the frame that slides and carry out reciprocating motion, degree of automation is high, and utilizes the guide bar can improve the stability of the frame that slides and move under the reciprocating cylinder drive.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: reciprocating cylinder's flexible scope includes the interval and reciprocal interval of going up and down, the vertical dead lever that is fixed with in below of sliding frame, the pot head that sliding frame was kept away from to fixed pole length direction is equipped with the installation pole, the mounting panel is fixed to be set up at installation pole lower extreme, just taut between installation pole and the sliding frame is provided with the extension spring, the workstation is put on the shelf and is equipped with the guide rail, the guide rail is including the lift portion that is the slope and upwards sets up and the worker portion of rubbing with the hands that is the level setting, the lift portion is along the lower extreme of its incline direction and the one end intercommunication of the worker portion of rubbing with the hands, just lift portion in the guide rail corresponds the interval of going up and down, rub the worker portion with the hands in the guide rail and correspond reciprocal interval, just the both sides that the mounting panel is relative imbed respectively in the guide rail and form the cooperation of sliding with it, rub the worker position in the top of accessory plate with the hands.

By adopting the technical scheme, in actual use, when the reciprocating cylinder starts to drive the sliding frame to move horizontally, two opposite sides of the mounting plate on the mounting rod are embedded into the lifting part which is obliquely arranged on the guide rail, namely, in the process of horizontal movement of the sliding frame, the mounting rod which is vertically matched with the fixed rod in a sliding manner moves vertically downwards relative to the fixed rod, and then the mounting plate on the mounting rod is driven to move vertically downwards relative to the sliding frame, so that the distance between the groove washboard and the thread washboard on the mounting plate is reduced; then, along with the continuous extension of the reciprocating cylinder, the piston rod of the reciprocating cylinder is convenient to enter a reciprocating interval, so that the mounting plate can reciprocate at the horizontally arranged twisting part, and then the bolt raw material between the auxiliary plate and the groove twisting plate or the thread twisting plate can be twisted and cut, and further the groove and the thread can be formed on the bolt raw material without replacing stations.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the two opposite side walls of the mounting plate are provided with guide wheels, and the two guide wheels are respectively embedded into the guide rails and form rolling sliding with the guide rails.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, in the in-service use, utilize the roll cooperation between two leading wheels and the guide rail, help reducing the frictional force between mounting panel and the guide rail, and then reduce the resistance that the mounting panel received at reciprocating motion's in-process, help improving and rub worker efficiency with the hands.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: and a guiding flaring is arranged at the port of the guide rail lifting part.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, utilize the guide flaring that sets up in the port department of guide rail lift portion, help guaranteeing during the leading wheel embedding guide rail of the relative both sides of mounting panel.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the telescopic range of the reciprocating cylinder further comprises a conversion interval, the telescopic range of the reciprocating cylinder sequentially comprises a conversion interval, a lifting interval and a reciprocating interval, the conversion mechanism comprises a blocking rod, a butt convex block and a rotating block, the blocking rod is fixedly arranged on the workbench, the butt convex blocks are four, the four butt convex blocks are respectively positioned on four side walls of the mounting plate, any butt convex block is elastically arranged on the side edge of the mounting plate, the sliding direction of any butt convex block is perpendicular to the corresponding side wall of the mounting plate, the groove washboard and the thread washboard are positioned at two adjacent side edges of the lower side surface of the mounting plate, when the mounting plate enters the working part, the length direction of the groove washboard or the thread washboard is parallel to the length direction of the auxiliary plate, the rotating block is fixedly arranged at the lower side of the mounting rod, and a rotating groove for rotating the rotating block to rotate around the axis of the mounting rod is formed in the mounting plate, the rotating block is elastically and slidably provided with an embedding block, and the inner wall of the rotating groove is provided with a clamping groove which is matched with the embedding block in a clamping manner.

By adopting the technical scheme, in actual use, when the washboard needs to be converted, the reciprocating cylinder drives the piston rod to be positioned in the conversion interval, so that the abutting convex block on the mounting plate is driven to abut against the blocking rod, the mounting plate is driven to rotate relative to the mounting rod, when the washboard rotates to 900 degrees, the embedded block on the rotating block is embedded into the clamping groove on the inner wall of the rotating groove, and the mounting plate is fixed, so that the effect of converting the groove washboard and the thread washboard is achieved; then, the reciprocating cylinder drives the piston rod to move oppositely, so that the blocking rod is abutted against the adjacent abutting convex blocks, and the abutting convex blocks can be contracted into the mounting plate under the action of the guide inclined plane, so that the mounting plate is ensured not to be blocked by the blocking rod, and the angle of the mounting plate is kept unchanged; and then, the reciprocating cylinder can continue to drive the sliding frame to enter a lifting interval and a reciprocating interval to rub the screw rod, namely, other power sources are not needed, the conversion between the groove washboard and the thread washboard can be completed, and the cost is saved to a certain extent.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the fixed bed frame that is provided with on the workstation, it is provided with the expansion bracket to go up and down to slide on the fixed bed frame, just wear to be equipped with fastening bolt on the expansion bracket, fastening bolt's screw thread end butt is on fixed bed frame, the guide rail passes through the bolt fastening on the expansion bracket.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, in the in-service use, the staff can adjust the expansion bracket and go up and down to slide on fixed bed frame according to the diameter of different screws to utilize the bolt to fix the expansion bracket on fixed bed frame, then change the guide rail of corresponding inclination, and then adjust the recess washboard on the mounting panel or the distance between screw thread washboard and the accessory plate, with the diameter that adapts to different screws, improved this bolt screw thread groove former's suitability promptly.

The invention also provides a bolt thread and groove forming method, which is realized according to the following steps:

firstly, placing a bolt raw material on an auxiliary plate, converting a groove washboard by utilizing bolt thread groove forming equipment, driving the groove washboard to be positioned in a reciprocating interval by utilizing a reciprocating cylinder, and twisting a groove on a screw rod under the action of the reciprocating cylinder;

secondly, converting a thread washboard by using bolt thread groove forming equipment, driving the thread washboard to be positioned in a reciprocating interval by using a reciprocating cylinder, and rubbing out threads on one side, away from a nut, of a screw rod in the bolt raw material under the action of the reciprocating cylinder;

and step three, after the groove and the thread are formed, putting the bolt into an electroplating tank for electroplating treatment so as to improve the surface quality of the groove and the thread, and forming.

By adopting the technical scheme, the groove washboard and the thread washboard on the bolt thread groove forming equipment are utilized, the groove is firstly washboard on the screw on the bolt raw material, and then the thread is washboard on the screw, so that the station does not need to be replaced, and the forming efficiency of the bolt is improved.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the groove washboard and the thread washboard on the bolt thread groove forming equipment are utilized to firstly rub the groove on the screw on the bolt raw material and then rub the thread on the screw, so that the station does not need to be replaced, and the forming efficiency of the bolt is improved;

the invention can finish the forming operation of the groove and the thread by using one reciprocating cylinder, thereby greatly reducing the cost of the apparatus.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic axial view mainly showing the overall structure of the bolt thread groove forming apparatus according to the present embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a front view of a bolt thread groove forming apparatus according to an embodiment;

FIG. 3 is an exploded view of a first embodiment of the present invention, which mainly shows the structure of the mounting plate and the conversion mechanism;

FIG. 4 is an exploded view of the second embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic view of a guide rail structure according to the present embodiment.

Reference numerals: 1. a work table; 11. a mounting frame; 12. fixing the base frame; 121. a slipping pipe; 13. a telescopic frame; 131. sliding the column; 14. fastening a bolt; 2. an auxiliary plate; 3. a sliding frame; 4. a drive assembly; 41. a reciprocating cylinder; 42. a guide bar; 43. converting the interval; 44. a lifting interval; 45. a reciprocating section; 5. mounting a plate; 51. a rotating groove; 511. a clamping groove; 52. a second sliding groove; 53. a second compression spring; 54. a guide wheel; 6. a groove washboard; 7. a thread washboard; 8. a switching mechanism; 81. a blocking lever; 82. abutting the bump; 821. an abutting surface; 822. a guide ramp; 83. rotating the block; 831. a first sliding groove; 832. a first compression spring; 833. embedding a block; 9. fixing the rod; 10. mounting a rod; 20. a tension spring; 30. a guide rail; 301. a lifting part; 3011. guiding flaring; 302. a working part.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The first embodiment is as follows:

as shown in fig. 1, a bolt thread and groove forming device comprises a workbench 1, wherein an auxiliary plate 2 is fixed on the workbench 1 along the length direction of the table surface of the workbench 1, a sliding frame 3 is horizontally and reciprocally arranged on the workbench 1, a driving assembly 4 for driving the sliding frame 3 to horizontally and reciprocally move is arranged on the workbench 1, a mounting plate 5 with a square cross section is arranged on the sliding frame 3 in a descending manner, a groove washboard 6 and a thread washboard 7 are arranged on the lower surface of the mounting plate 5, and a conversion mechanism 8 for converting the groove washboard 6 and the thread washboard 7 is arranged on the workbench 1.

In practical use, when the groove needs to be formed and processed, the groove washboard 6 is replaced by the conversion mechanism 8, then a worker places a raw material to be processed on the auxiliary plate 2 and lowers the mounting plate 5 until the groove washboard 6 is abutted against a screw in a bolt raw material, and at the moment, the raw material between the auxiliary plate 2 and the groove washboard 6 is rubbed and processed under the driving action of the driving assembly 4; after the groove is machined, the mounting plate 5 is firstly lifted to a certain height, then the groove washboard 6 is converted into the thread washboard 7 through the conversion mechanism 8, the mounting plate 5 is then lowered to the position where the thread washboard 7 abuts against one end, far away from the screw cap, of the screw in the length direction, and under the driving action of the driving assembly 4, the raw materials between the auxiliary plate 2 and the thread washboard 7 are subjected to twisting machining, the station does not need to be replaced, and the forming efficiency of the bolt is improved.

Drive assembly 4 includes reciprocating cylinder 41 and guide bar 42, be fixed with mounting bracket 11 on workstation 1, reciprocating cylinder 41 is fixed to be set up on mounting bracket 11, and reciprocating cylinder 41's piston rod is the level setting, guide bar 42 is provided with two, guide bar 42 length direction's both ends of two are fixed on mounting bracket 11, and two guide bar 42's length direction all is parallel with the flexible direction of reciprocating cylinder 41 piston rod, 3 covers of slide frame are established at guide bar 42 and are formed the cooperation of sliding with guide bar 42, slide frame 3 is fixed at the tip of reciprocating cylinder 41 piston rod, under reciprocating cylinder 41's drive promptly, slide frame 3 slides along guide bar 42's length direction.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the expansion range of the reciprocating cylinder 41 sequentially includes a transition section 43, a lifting section 44 and a reciprocating section 45 along the expansion direction of the piston rod of the reciprocating cylinder, the transition mechanism 8 includes a blocking rod 81 (see fig. 4) disposed below the transition section 43, an abutting projection 82 and a rotating block 83, the blocking rod 81 is disposed vertically and fixed on the working platform 1, a fixing rod 9 is vertically fixed at the center position of the sliding frame 3, an installation rod 10 is sleeved on one end of the fixing rod 9 away from the sliding frame 3 in the length direction, the rotating block 83 is fixed at one end of the installation rod 10 away from the fixing rod 9, the rotating block 83 is disposed in a cross shape, the rotating block 83 is provided with first sliding grooves 831 along four directions thereof, an embedded block 833 is embedded in the first sliding groove 831, a first compression spring 832 is disposed between the embedded block 833 and the bottom wall of the first sliding groove 831, both ends of the first compression spring in the length direction are respectively fixed on the bottom walls of the embedded block 833 and the first sliding groove 831, a rotating groove 51 is formed in the center of the mounting plate 5, the rotating block 83 is embedded into the rotating groove 51 and forms rotating fit with the rotating groove, and a clamping groove 511 which forms clamping fit with the embedded block 833 is formed in the inner wall of the rotating groove 51; tension springs 20 are arranged between the mounting rod 10 and the sliding frame 3, abutting plates are integrally formed on the mounting rod 10, four tension springs 20 are arranged, the four tension springs 20 are respectively positioned at four included angles of the abutting plates, and two ends of the four tension springs 20 in the length direction are respectively hooked on the sliding frame 3 and the abutting plates; facilitating automatic resetting of the mounting bar 10. The four abutting convex blocks 82 are provided, two sides of the four abutting convex blocks 82 in the thickness direction are respectively provided with an abutting surface 821 and a guide inclined surface 822, four side walls of the mounting plate 5 are respectively provided with a second sliding groove 52, the length directions of the second sliding grooves 52 on the adjacent side walls are mutually vertical, the length directions of the second sliding grooves 52 on the opposite side walls are mutually parallel, the four abutting convex blocks 82 are respectively arranged in the four second sliding grooves 52 of the mounting plate 5 in a sliding manner to form a sliding fit, a second compression spring 53 is arranged between the four abutting convex blocks 82 and the bottom wall of the second sliding groove 52, and two ends of the second compression spring 53 in the length direction are respectively fixed on the bottom walls of the abutting convex blocks 82 and the first sliding groove 831; in addition, two groove washboards 6 and two thread washboards 7 are respectively arranged, the two groove washboards 6 are fixed on two opposite sides of the lower surface of the mounting plate 5 through bolts, the two thread washboards 7 are fixed on two opposite sides of the lower surface of the mounting plate 5 through bolts, the angle between the adjacent groove washboards 6 and the adjacent thread washboards 7 is 900, and the side lengths of the mounting plates 5 in the length direction of any one groove washboard 6 or thread washboard 7 are parallel.

In practical use, when the washboard needs to be converted, the reciprocating cylinder 41 drives the piston rod to be positioned in the conversion section 43, so as to drive the abutting surface 821 of the abutting convex block 82 on the mounting plate 5 to abut against the blocking rod 81, so as to drive the mounting plate 5 to rotate relative to the mounting rod 10, when the rotating block 900 is rotated, the embedded block 833 on the rotating block 83 is embedded into the clamping groove 511 on the inner wall of the rotating groove 51, so as to fix the mounting plate 5, and thus the functions of the conversion groove washboard 6 and the thread washboard 7 are completed; then, the reciprocating cylinder 41 drives the piston rod to move reversely, so that the blocking rod 81 abuts against the guiding inclined surface 822 on the adjacent abutting convex block 82, and under the action of the guiding inclined surface 822, the abutting convex block 82 is pushed into the second sliding groove 52, thereby ensuring that the mounting plate 5 is not blocked by the blocking rod 81 and keeping the angle of the mounting plate 5 unchanged; when the abutment projection 82 is completely disengaged from the blocking lever 81, the abutment projection 82 is restored to the original position by the elastic force of the second compression spring 53.

As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 5, a fixed pedestal 12 and an expansion bracket 13 are arranged on a workbench 1, the fixed pedestal 12 is fixed on the workbench 1 through bolts, a sliding tube 121 is integrally formed on the upper side of the fixed pedestal 12, the sliding tube 121 is vertically arranged, a sliding column 131 is integrally formed on the expansion bracket 13, the sliding column 131 is inserted into the sliding tube 121 and forms sliding fit with the sliding tube 121, a fastening bolt 14 penetrates through the sliding tube 121, a threaded end of the fastening bolt 14 abuts against the outer wall of the sliding column 131, a guide rail 30 is fixed on the expansion bracket 13 through bolts, the guide rail 30 comprises an inclined lifting part 301 and a horizontally arranged working part 302, a guide rail groove is arranged on the guide rail 30 along the track, the lifting section 44 corresponds to the lifting part 301 in the guide rail 30, the reciprocating section 45 corresponds to the working part 302 in the guide rail 30, guide wheels 54 are rotatably connected on two opposite side walls of the mounting plate 5, the guide wheel 54 is fitted into the guide groove to be in rolling engagement therewith, and a guide flare 3011 is provided at a port of the guide groove of the lifting portion 301 of the guide rail 30.

In practical use, when the reciprocating cylinder 41 starts to drive the sliding frame 3 to enter the lifting section 44, the guide wheels 54 on the two opposite sides of the mounting plate 5 on the mounting rod 10 are embedded into the lifting part 301 with the guide rails arranged obliquely along the guide flared opening 3011, that is, in the process of horizontal movement of the sliding frame 3, the mounting rod 10 vertically slidably matched with the fixed rod 9 moves vertically downwards relative to the fixed rod 9, so as to drive the mounting plate 5 on the mounting rod 10 to move vertically downwards relative to the sliding frame 3, so as to reduce the distance between the groove washboard 6 and the thread washboard 7 on the mounting plate 5; at the moment, the tension spring 20 between the mounting plate 5 and the sliding frame 3 is in a stretching state; then, as the reciprocating cylinder 41 continues to extend, the piston rod of the reciprocating cylinder 41 is convenient to enter the reciprocating section 45, and in the reciprocating section 45, the reciprocating cylinder 41 drives the sliding frame 3 to reciprocate, so that the mounting plate 5 reciprocates at the horizontally arranged twisting part 302, and further the bolt raw material between the auxiliary plate 2 and the groove washboard 6 or the thread washboard 7 is twisted.

The implementation principle of the embodiment is as follows:

in practical use, when the groove needs to be formed and machined, the reciprocating cylinder 41 drives the piston rod to be positioned in the conversion section 43, further drives the abutting surface 821 of the abutting convex block 82 on the mounting plate 5 to abut against the blocking rod 81, drives the mounting plate 5 to rotate relative to the mounting rod 10, and when the mounting plate rotates to 900 degrees, the embedded block 833 on the rotating block 83 is embedded into the clamping groove 511 on the inner wall of the rotating groove 51, so that the operation of replacing and fixing the groove washboard 6 is completed;

then, a worker places a raw material to be processed on the auxiliary plate 2, the reciprocating cylinder 41 starts to drive the sliding frame 3 to enter the lifting section 44, the guide wheels 54 on the two opposite sides of the mounting plate 5 on the mounting rod 10 are embedded into the lifting part 301 with the guide rail 30 obliquely arranged along the guide expanding opening 3011, namely, in the horizontal movement process of the sliding frame 3, the mounting rod 10 vertically sliding matched with the fixed rod 9 moves vertically downwards relative to the fixed rod 9, the mounting plate 5 on the mounting rod 10 is driven to move vertically downwards relative to the sliding frame 3, so that the distance between the groove washboard 6 and the thread washboard 7 on the mounting plate 5 is reduced, and the groove washboard 6 is lowered to be tightly abutted to a screw rod in a bolt raw material;

with the continuous extension of the reciprocating cylinder 41, the piston rod of the reciprocating cylinder 41 is convenient to enter the reciprocating section 45, and in the reciprocating section 45, the reciprocating cylinder 41 drives the sliding frame 3 to reciprocate, so that the mounting plate 5 reciprocates in the horizontally arranged twisting part 302, and further the bolt raw material between the auxiliary plate 2 and the groove washboard 6 or the thread washboard 7 is twisted and cut;

after the groove is machined, the driving cylinder drives the sliding frame 3 to return to the conversion section 43, the groove washboard 6 on the mounting plate 5 is converted into the thread washboard 7, the driving sliding frame 3 sequentially enters the lifting section 44 and the reciprocating section 45, threads are machined on the screw, the position does not need to be changed, and the forming efficiency of the bolt is improved.

Example two:

a method for forming threads and grooves of a bolt is realized according to the following steps:

firstly, placing a bolt raw material on an auxiliary plate 2, converting a groove washboard 6 by using bolt thread groove forming equipment, driving the groove washboard 6 to be positioned in a reciprocating interval 45 by using a reciprocating cylinder 41, and twisting a groove on a screw rod in the bolt raw material under the action of the reciprocating cylinder 41;

secondly, converting the thread washboard 7 by using bolt thread groove forming equipment, driving the thread washboard 7 to be positioned in a reciprocating interval 45 by using a reciprocating cylinder 41, and rubbing out threads on one side, away from a nut, of a screw in the bolt raw material under the action of the reciprocating cylinder 41;

and step three, after the groove and the thread are formed, putting the bolt into an electroplating tank for electroplating treatment so as to improve the surface quality of the groove and the thread, and forming.

The embodiments of the present invention are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the invention are covered by the protection scope of the invention.

Claims (2)

1. A bolt thread and groove forming device comprises a workbench (1), and is characterized in that an auxiliary plate (2) is fixed on the workbench (1), a sliding frame (3) is horizontally and reciprocally arranged on the workbench (1), a driving assembly (4) for driving the sliding frame (3) to horizontally reciprocate is arranged on the workbench (1), a mounting plate (5) is arranged on the sliding frame (3) in a lifting manner, a groove washboard (6) and a thread washboard (7) are arranged on the lower surface of the mounting plate (5), and a conversion mechanism (8) for converting the groove washboard (6) and the thread washboard (7) is arranged on the workbench (1); the driving assembly (4) comprises a reciprocating cylinder (41) and a guide rod (42), the reciprocating cylinder (41) is fixedly arranged on the workbench (1), a piston rod of the reciprocating cylinder (41) is horizontally arranged, the guide rod (42) is erected on the workbench (1), the length direction of the guide rod (42) is parallel to the telescopic direction of the piston rod of the reciprocating cylinder (41), the sliding frame (3) is sleeved on the guide rod (42), and the sliding frame (3) is fixedly arranged on the piston rod of the reciprocating cylinder (41); the telescopic range of the reciprocating cylinder (41) comprises a lifting interval (44) and a reciprocating interval (45), a fixing rod (9) is vertically fixed below the sliding frame (3), one end of the fixing rod (9) which is far away from the sliding frame (3) in the length direction is sleeved with an installation rod (10), the installation plate (5) is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the installation rod (10), a tension spring (20) is arranged between the installation rod (10) and the sliding frame (3) in a tensioning mode, a guide rail (30) is erected on the workbench (1), the guide rail (30) comprises a lifting part (301) which is obliquely and upwards arranged and a twisting part (302) which is horizontally arranged, the lifting part (301) is communicated with one end of the twisting part (302) along the lower end of the oblique direction of the lifting part (301), the lifting part (301) in the guide rail (30) corresponds to the lifting interval (44), and the twisting part (302) in the guide rail (30) corresponds to the reciprocating interval (45), the two opposite sides of the mounting plate (5) are respectively embedded into the guide rails (30) and form sliding fit with the guide rails, and the working twisting part (302) is positioned above the auxiliary plate (2); two opposite side walls of the mounting plate (5) are respectively provided with a guide wheel (54), and the two guide wheels (54) are respectively embedded into the guide rail (30) and form rolling sliding with the guide rail; a guiding flaring (3011) is arranged at the port of the lifting part (301) of the guide rail (30); the flexible scope of reciprocating cylinder (41) still includes the conversion interval (43), the flexible scope of reciprocating cylinder (41) is conversion interval (43), goes up and down interval (44) and reciprocal interval (45) in proper order, shifter (8) are including blocking pole (81), butt lug (82) and turning block (83), it sets up on workstation (1) to block pole (81) fixed, butt lug (82) are provided with four, four butt lug (82) are located four lateral walls of mounting panel (5) respectively, and arbitrary equal elasticity of butt lug (82) sets up on the side of mounting panel (5), and arbitrary the slip direction of butt lug (82) is perpendicular with the corresponding lateral wall of mounting panel (5), recess washboard (6) and screw thread washboard (7) are located the adjacent both sides edge of mounting panel (5) downside, when the mounting plate (5) enters the twisting part (302), the length direction of the groove twisting plate (6) or the thread twisting plate (7) is parallel to the length direction of the auxiliary plate (2), the rotating block (83) is fixedly arranged at the lower side of the mounting rod (10), a rotating groove (51) for the rotating block (83) to rotate around the axis of the mounting rod (10) is formed in the mounting plate (5), the rotating block (83) is elastically provided with an embedded block (833) in a sliding manner, and a clamping groove (511) which is in clamping fit with the embedded block (833) is formed in the inner wall of the rotating groove (51); the fixed bed frame (12) is fixedly arranged on the workbench (1), the telescopic frame (13) is arranged on the fixed bed frame (12) in a lifting sliding mode, fastening bolts (14) penetrate through the telescopic frame (13), threaded ends of the fastening bolts (14) are abutted to the fixed bed frame (12), and the guide rail (30) is fixed on the telescopic frame (13) through bolts.

2. A method for forming a bolt thread and a bolt groove by using the bolt thread and groove forming device of claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

firstly, placing a bolt raw material on an auxiliary plate (2), converting a groove washboard (6) by using bolt thread groove forming equipment, driving the groove washboard (6) to be positioned in a reciprocating interval (45) by using a reciprocating cylinder (41), and twisting a groove on a screw rod under the action of the reciprocating cylinder (41);

secondly, converting the thread washboard (7) by using bolt thread groove forming equipment, driving the thread washboard (7) to be positioned in a reciprocating interval (45) by using a reciprocating cylinder (41), and rubbing out threads on one side, away from a nut, of a screw rod in the bolt raw material under the action of the reciprocating cylinder (41);

and step three, after the groove and the thread are formed, putting the bolt into an electroplating tank for electroplating treatment so as to improve the surface quality of the groove and the thread, and forming.

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