CN111250269A - Novel collector for flotation of low-grade spodumene ores and spodumene ore dressing method - Google Patents
Novel collector for flotation of low-grade spodumene ores and spodumene ore dressing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111250269A CN111250269A CN202010101593.6A CN202010101593A CN111250269A CN 111250269 A CN111250269 A CN 111250269A CN 202010101593 A CN202010101593 A CN 202010101593A CN 111250269 A CN111250269 A CN 111250269A
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- spodumene
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- 229910052642 spodumene Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 155
- CNLWCVNCHLKFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;lithium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Li+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O CNLWCVNCHLKFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 151
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000002000 scavenging effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- STCOOQWBFONSKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyl phosphate Chemical compound CCCCOP(=O)(OCCCC)OCCCC STCOOQWBFONSKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 34
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005456 ore beneficiation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 150000002889 oleic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 4
- -1 low grade spodumene Chemical compound 0.000 description 4
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021532 Calcite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052586 apatite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002642 lithium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- VSIIXMUUUJUKCM-UHFFFAOYSA-D pentacalcium;fluoride;triphosphate Chemical compound [F-].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O VSIIXMUUUJUKCM-UHFFFAOYSA-D 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052613 tourmaline Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229940070527 tourmaline Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000011032 tourmaline Substances 0.000 description 2
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033558 biomineral tissue development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002641 lithium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000006148 magnetic separator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021281 monounsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009965 odorless effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005061 synthetic rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/001—Flotation agents
- B03D1/018—Mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B7/00—Combinations of wet processes or apparatus with other processes or apparatus, e.g. for dressing ores or garbage
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2201/00—Specified effects produced by the flotation agents
- B03D2201/02—Collectors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2203/00—Specified materials treated by the flotation agents; Specified applications
- B03D2203/02—Ores
- B03D2203/04—Non-sulfide ores
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a novel collector for flotation of low-grade spodumene ores and a spodumene ore dressing method, wherein the collector comprises the following components in parts by mass: 30-40 parts of oleic acid, 5-15 parts of tributyl phosphate, 15-25 parts of imidazole, 10-20 parts of tartaric acid and 10-20 parts of caustic soda. The ore dressing method comprises the steps of carrying out magnetic separation on raw ore pulp, removing magnetic gangue minerals, then carrying out flotation on magnetic concentrate by adopting an amine medicament and petroleum sodium sulfonate as collecting agents to remove non-magnetic impurity minerals, and carrying out primary rough dressing, tertiary fine dressing and primary scavenging on the pulp without the non-magnetic impurity minerals by adopting the collecting agents so as to obtain spodumene concentrate. The collecting agent disclosed by the invention is low-temperature resistant, easy to disperse and good in selectivity, has a good enrichment effect on low-grade spodumene ores, and obviously improves the recovery rate and grade of spodumene concentrate products, and the beneficiation method disclosed by the invention effectively improves the spodumene concentrate grade.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of spodumene ore dressing, in particular to low-grade spodumene ore (the low-grade spodumene ore refers to Li)2Spodumene ore with O content not more than 1.5%) flotation.
Background
Lithium and lithium compounds have unique and excellent physical properties and chemical properties, and are widely applied to the fields of high-energy batteries, synthetic rubbers, alloys, air conditioners, medicines, welding and the like, so that the lithium and lithium compounds become new strategic resources gradually. The sorting and recovery of spodumene, particularly low grade spodumene, is becoming increasingly desirable as an important mineral feedstock for the extraction of lithium.
For lithium-containing ores, the great difference of ore properties and the difference of lithium content are caused by the diversity of lithium-containing minerals, and simultaneously, the complex reaction and the product diversity of the lithium-containing ores in the forming process become important reasons of the complex sorting process of the lithium ores. With the continuous increase of the demand of lithium resources, the treatment of low-grade spodumene ore becomes an urgent problem to be solved. Low grade spodumene (also known as spodumene) is often a product of spodumene alteration, Li2The content of O is low, the argillization is easy, the traditional collecting agent has the disadvantages of insufficient collecting capability and poor selectivity, and the factors cause the difficulty in enrichment and recoveryThe lithium element is more unfavorable in the sorting and recovery condition.
In order to solve the above problems, the development of an efficient and stable collector becomes a key for spodumene recovery. The traditional spodumene ore flotation collecting agent is divided into an anion collecting agent and a cation collecting agent, wherein the anion collecting agent is mainly fatty acid, soap thereof and the like, and the cation collecting agent is mainly amines with different molecular weights and the like. The selectivity of the anion collecting agent is poor, the recovery rate of the concentrate is insufficient when the consumption is low, the grade of the concentrate is low when the consumption is high, and the anion collecting agent also has the problems of poor low temperature resistance, crisp foam and the like. The cation collector has the defects of too strong foamability, poor selectivity and the like, and easily causes the problems of difficult control of production, unstable indexes and the like. Therefore, the development of a novel collector for flotation of low-grade spodumene ores, which is low-temperature resistant, easy to disperse and good in selectivity, is particularly important.
Some spodumene ore sample, the raw ore containing Li2O0.97%, wherein the spodumene mineral contains Li2O5.68%, far lower than the theoretical Li of spodumene mineral2The O content is 8.03 percent, and the method belongs to low-grade spodumene ore. The low-grade spodumene ore is sorted and recovered by adopting a spodumene ore dressing method in the prior art, and the specific procedures are as follows: adding 800g/t of sodium hydroxide and 400g/t of sodium carbonate into a mill, grinding the low-grade spodumene ore until mineral monomers are dissociated, adding 1000g/t of sodium carbonate, adjusting the pH value of ore pulp to 10.5, stirring for 20-30 min, then adding 200g/t of calcium chloride as an activating agent, adding 800g/t of modified oleic acid as a collecting agent for roughing, adding 200g/t of modified oleic acid for scavenging, adding 500g/t of sodium carbonate for first-time roughing, 200g/t of modified oleic acid, adding 300g/t of sodium carbonate for second-time roughing, 100g/t of modified oleic acid, adding 200g/t of sodium carbonate for third-time roughing and 50g/t of modified oleic acid; after the conditions of one-time rough concentration, three-time fine concentration and one-time scavenging are carried out and middlings are returned in sequence by adopting the above reagents, Li is obtained2① from the foaming phenomenon, because the low-grade spodumene is argillized seriously, easily causes the problems of foam vacuity, poor fluidity and the like, further leads useful minerals to be easy to fall off and not easy to be enrichedThe modified oleic acid ② belongs to a collector with strong collecting property, the selectivity is poor, the problem of foam vacuity is solved, the foam layer is vacuous and thick, more gangue minerals can be carried into the concentrate, and the spodumene concentrate grade is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a novel collector for flotation of low-grade spodumene ores and a spodumene ore dressing method. The novel collector for flotation of the low-grade spodumene ore can realize high-efficiency recycling of the spodumene ore under the condition of reducing the using amount of a medicament, has the advantages of low temperature resistance, easiness in dispersion and good selectivity, has a good enrichment effect on the low-grade spodumene ore, and obviously improves the recovery rate and the grade of a concentrate product. The spodumene ore dressing method removes magnetic gangue minerals and nonmagnetic impurity minerals in advance, and effectively improves the grade of subsequent spodumene concentrate.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a novel collector for flotation of low-grade spodumene ores comprises the following components in parts by mass:
preferably, sodium fatty acid is used instead of the oleic acid.
A preparation method of a novel collector for flotation of low-grade spodumene ores comprises the following steps: according to the mass parts, 10-20 parts of caustic soda are dissolved in an aqueous solution, the aqueous solution is heated to 50-60 ℃, 30-40 parts of oleic acid is added and uniformly stirred in a constant temperature environment, after the temperature of the solution reaches a stable temperature value and the reaction is complete, 15-25 parts of imidazole and 10-20 parts of tartaric acid are added, the stirring is continued for 20-30 min, 5-15 parts of tributyl phosphate is added, the solution is fully and uniformly mixed and stands for 1h, and no layering phenomenon occurs, so that the novel collector for the flotation of the low-grade spodumene ore is prepared.
A spodumene ore beneficiation method comprises the following steps:
step one, grinding crude spodumene ore by using a ball mill, adding 2000-4000 g/t of sodium carbonate into the ball mill, wherein the grinding fineness is-0.074 mm, and the content of the grinding ore accounts for 65-75%, so as to obtain crude ore pulp;
step two, carrying out magnetic separation on the raw ore pulp to remove magnetic gangue minerals, thereby obtaining magnetic concentrate;
step three, concentrating the magnetic concentrate, adding an amine reagent and sodium petroleum sulfonate for flotation, and removing non-magnetic impurity minerals to obtain ore pulp with the non-magnetic impurity minerals removed;
step four, concentrating the ore pulp from which the non-magnetic impurity minerals are removed, adding 1000-2000 g/t of sodium carbonate and 800-1000 g/t of sodium hydroxide, stirring for 20-30 min, adding a slime dispersant, an activating agent and the novel collecting agent for low-grade spodumene ore flotation, and performing rough concentration after stirring to obtain rough concentrate;
and fifthly, carrying out concentration on the rough concentration concentrate for 3 times, replenishing the novel collector for flotation of the low-grade spodumene ore in each concentration, and obtaining a foam product, namely the spodumene concentrate, in the third concentration.
Preferably, the field intensity of the magnetic separation in the second step is 1.0-1.3T.
Preferably, in the third step, the magnetic separation concentrate is concentrated into ore pulp with the mass fraction of 20% -30%, and then 100-150 g/t of amine medicament and 150-250 g/t of petroleum sodium sulfonate are added for flotation.
Preferably, in the fourth step, the ore pulp from which the non-magnetic impurity minerals are removed is concentrated into the ore pulp with the mass fraction of 40% -50%, then the ore pulp is stirred at the rotating speed of 2300r/min, 1000-2000 g/t of sodium carbonate and 800-1000 g/t of sodium hydroxide are added in the stirring process, the stirring is continued for 20-30 min, 300-400 g/t of pulp dispersant lignin, 200-400 g/t of activator calcium chloride and 600g/t of the novel collector for low-grade spodumene ore flotation are added, and the rough concentration is carried out after the stirring, so that rough concentrate and rough tailings are obtained; adding 50g/t of the novel collector for flotation of the low-grade spodumene ores into the roughed tailings, and performing scavenging to obtain scavenged middlings and scavenged tailings; and returning the scavenging middlings to the roughing.
Preferably, in the fifth step, 100-120 g/t of the novel collector for flotation of low-grade spodumene ores in any one of the claims 1-2 is added into the roughed concentrate, and first concentration is carried out, so that first-concentration middlings and first-concentration concentrates are obtained; adding 60-80 g/t of the novel collector for flotation of low-grade spodumene ores as claimed in any one of claims 1-2 to the first concentrated concentrate, and performing second concentration to obtain second concentrated middlings and second concentrated concentrate; adding 40-50 g/t of the novel collector for flotation of low-grade spodumene ores, which is disclosed by any one of claims 1-2, into the second concentrated concentrate, and carrying out third concentration to obtain third concentrated middlings and spodumene concentrates; and sequentially returning the first-time concentration middlings, the second-time concentration middlings and the third-time concentration middlings to the previous flotation process.
Preferably, the roughing in step four and the 3-time refining in step five are performed at 10 ℃.
According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the novel collector for flotation of the low-grade spodumene ore not only can realize high-efficiency recycling of the spodumene ore under the condition of reducing the dosage of the medicament, but also has the advantages of low temperature resistance, easiness in dispersion and good selectivity, has a good enrichment effect on the low-grade spodumene ore, and obviously improves the recovery rate and the grade of a concentrate product. The spodumene ore dressing method provided by the invention removes magnetic gangue minerals through magnetic separation, removes nonmagnetic impurity minerals through reverse flotation by adopting amine medicaments and petroleum sodium sulfonate as collecting agents, then carries out primary rough flotation, tertiary fine flotation and primary scavenging by adopting the collecting agents provided by the invention, and returns middlings in sequence. The pressure of the lithium flotation process is reduced, the sorting effect of the lithium flotation process is improved, and the spodumene concentrate grade is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a low-grade spodumene ore dressing method provided by an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The novel collector for flotation of low-grade spodumene ores and the spodumene ore dressing method provided by the invention are described in detail below. Details not described in the present invention are well known to those skilled in the art.
Novel collector for flotation of low-grade spodumene ore
The novel collector for flotation of the low-grade spodumene ore comprises the following components in parts by mass: 30-40 parts of oleic acid, 5-15 parts of tributyl phosphate, 15-25 parts of imidazole, 10-20 parts of tartaric acid and 10-20 parts of caustic soda.
Specifically, the novel collector for flotation of low-grade spodumene ore can include the following embodiments:
(1) the oleic acid is conventional oleic acid sold in the market, is light yellow semitransparent oily liquid prepared by using animals and plants as main raw materials through a series of physical and chemical process, and comprises the main components of monounsaturated fatty acid, dienoic acid, polyenoic acid and the like.
(2) The tributyl phosphate is colorless odorless transparent liquid, and the melting point is lower than-70 ℃.
(3) The imidazole is a colorless prismatic crystalline solid, and the aqueous solution is weakly alkaline.
(4) The tartaric acid is a white granular solid.
(5) The caustic soda is a conventional agent, a white powdery solid.
(6) According to the invention, the oleic acid can be replaced by the fatty acid sodium, namely, the novel collector for the flotation of the low-grade spodumene ore can comprise the following components in parts by mass: 30-40 parts of sodium fatty acid, 5-15 parts of tributyl phosphate, 15-25 parts of imidazole, 10-20 parts of tartaric acid and 10-20 parts of caustic soda; however, the mixing effect of the sodium fatty acid, tributyl phosphate, imidazole, tartaric acid and caustic soda is not as good as that of oleic acid.
Further, the preparation method of the novel collector for flotation of the low-grade spodumene ore can comprise the following steps: according to the mass parts, 10-20 parts of caustic soda are dissolved in water to prepare a caustic soda aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 2%, the caustic soda aqueous solution is heated to 50-60 ℃, 30-40 parts of oleic acid is added and uniformly stirred in a constant temperature environment, 15-25 parts of imidazole and 10-20 parts of tartaric acid are added after the solution temperature reaches a stable temperature value and the reaction is complete, the stirring is continued for 20-30 min, 5-15 parts of tributyl phosphate is added and fully mixed, the mixture is kept stand for 1h, and the layering phenomenon does not occur, so that the novel collector for the flotation of the low-grade spodumene ore is prepared. The novel collector for flotation of the low-grade spodumene ore is light yellow semitransparent oily liquid.
(II) spodumene ore dressing method
As shown in fig. 1, a spodumene ore beneficiation method may include the steps of:
step one, grinding the spodumene ore raw ore by adopting a ball mill, adding 2000-4000 g/t of sodium carbonate into the ball mill, wherein the grinding fineness is-0.074 mm, and the content of the grinding ore accounts for 65-75%, so that raw ore pulp is obtained.
And step two, carrying out magnetic separation on the raw ore pulp, wherein the field intensity of the magnetic separation is 1.0-1.3T, and removing magnetic gangue minerals, thereby obtaining magnetic separation concentrate.
And step three, concentrating the magnetic concentrate into ore pulp with the mass fraction of 20-30%, adding 100-150 g/t of amine medicament and 150-250 g/t of petroleum sodium sulfonate for flotation, and removing nonmagnetic impurity minerals (the nonmagnetic impurity minerals are calcite, apatite, tourmaline, dolomite and the like), thereby obtaining the ore pulp with the nonmagnetic impurity minerals removed.
Concentrating the ore pulp from which the non-magnetic impurity minerals are removed into ore pulp with the mass fraction of 40% -50% (high concentration), then carrying out strong stirring at the rotating speed of 2300r/min, adding 1000-2000 g/t of sodium carbonate and 800-1000 g/t of sodium hydroxide in the stirring process, continuing stirring for 20-30 min, adding 300-400 g/t of a slime dispersing agent, stirring for 2min, adding 200-400 g/t of an activating agent, stirring for 2min, adding 600g/t of the novel low-grade spodumene ore flotation collecting agent, stirring for 5min, and carrying out rough separation after stirring, thereby obtaining rough separation concentrate and rough separation tailings. Adding 50g/t of the novel collector for flotation of the low-grade spodumene ores into the roughed tailings, and performing scavenging to obtain scavenged middlings and scavenged tailings; and returning the scavenging middlings to the roughing.
Step five, adding 100g/t of the novel collector for the flotation of the low-grade spodumene ores into the rough concentration concentrate, and carrying out first concentration to obtain first concentrated middlings and first concentrated concentrate; adding 60g/t of the novel collector for flotation of the low-grade spodumene ores into the first concentrated concentrate, and carrying out second concentration to obtain second concentrated middlings and second concentrated concentrate; adding 40g/t of the novel collector for flotation of the low-grade spodumene ore into the concentrate obtained by the second concentration, and carrying out third concentration to obtain middlings and spodumene concentrates obtained by the third concentration (the spodumene concentrates are foam products obtained by the third concentration); and sequentially returning the first-time concentration middlings, the second-time concentration middlings and the third-time concentration middlings to the previous flotation process.
Specifically, the spodumene ore beneficiation process may include the following embodiments:
(1) in the first step, the ball mill may be an XMQ conical ball mill (specification phi 240 x 90) of the prior art, and the ore feeding amount is 1kg and the ore grinding concentration is 50% (mass fraction).
(2) In the fourth step, the slime dispersant can adopt lignin, and can be prepared into an aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 1% for addition; the activating agent can adopt calcium chloride and can be prepared into an aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 2% for adding; the novel collector for flotation of the low-grade spodumene ore can be added into stock solution, and the dosage can be 5g/(t x d).
(3) The 1-time roughing and the 1-time scavenging in the fourth step and the 3-time concentrating in the fifth step can be carried out not only in the normal-temperature (about 25 ℃) ore pulp environment, but also in the low-temperature (about 10 ℃) ore pulp environment, and still has a good separating effect in the low-temperature ore pulp environment of 10 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the novel collector for flotation of the low-grade spodumene ore and the spodumene ore dressing method provided by the invention have the following advantages:
(1) the novel collector for flotation of low-grade spodumene ore provided by the invention is low-temperature resistant and easy to disperse, and still has a good separation effect in a low-temperature ore pulp environment of 10 ℃.
(2) The novel collector for flotation of low-grade spodumene ores provided by the invention has a good enrichment effect on low-grade spodumene ores (particularly products with severe weathering effect such as spodumene), and the recovery rate of concentrate products is remarkably improved.
(3) The novel collector for flotation of the low-grade spodumene ore improves the foam state, reduces the entrainment of gangue minerals and the cover of slime on useful minerals, simultaneously strengthens the collection of various lithium-containing minerals and improves the spodumene ore concentrate grade.
(4) The spodumene ore dressing method provided by the invention adopts the process of removing the magnetic gangue minerals and the non-magnetic impurity minerals, so that the pressure of the subsequent lithium dressing process is reduced, and the dressing effect of the lithium dressing process is improved.
(5) The spodumene ore dressing method provided by the invention improves the structure of a lithium dressing process, and improves the spodumene concentrate grade by applying the concept of 'quality-based and flow-divided velocity'.
In conclusion, the embodiment of the invention can realize the high-efficiency recycling of spodumene ore under the condition of reducing the dosage of the medicament, has low temperature resistance, easy dispersion and good selectivity, has good enrichment effect on low-grade spodumene ore, and obviously improves the recovery rate and grade of the concentrate product. The beneficiation method removes magnetic gangue minerals and non-magnetic impurity minerals in advance, and effectively improves the spodumene concentrate grade.
In order to show the technical scheme and the technical effects provided by the invention more clearly, the novel collector for flotation of low-grade spodumene ore and the spodumene ore dressing method provided by the embodiment of the invention are described in detail by specific examples.
Example 1
The novel collector for flotation of the low-grade spodumene ore and the spodumene ore dressing method provided by the invention are adopted to treat the low-grade spodumene ore (namely the spodumene ore sample, the raw ore contains Li)2O0.97%, wherein the spodumene mineral contains Li2O5.68%, far lower than the theoretical Li of spodumene mineral2O content 8.03%), which may include the following steps:
step 1A, grinding the spodumene ore raw ore by adopting a ball mill, adding 2000-4000 g/t of sodium carbonate into the ball mill, wherein the grinding fineness is-0.074 mm, and the content of the grinding fineness accounts for 65-75%, so that raw ore pulp is obtained.
And 2A, carrying out magnetic separation on the raw ore pulp, wherein the field intensity of the magnetic separation is 1.0-1.3T, and removing magnetic gangue minerals to obtain magnetic separation concentrate.
And step 3A, concentrating the magnetic separation concentrate into ore pulp with the mass fraction of 20-30%, adding 100-150 g/t of amine medicament and 150-250 g/t of petroleum sodium sulfonate for flotation, and removing nonmagnetic impurity minerals to obtain the ore pulp with the nonmagnetic impurity minerals removed.
And step 4A, concentrating the ore pulp from which the non-magnetic impurity minerals are removed into ore pulp with the mass fraction of 40% -50% (high concentration), then carrying out strong stirring at the rotating speed of 2300r/min, adding 1000-2000 g/t of sodium carbonate and 800-1000 g/t of sodium hydroxide in the stirring process, continuing stirring for 20-30 min, adding 300-400 g/t of lignin, stirring for 2min, adding 200-400 g/t of calcium chloride, stirring for 2min, adding 600g/t of the novel low-grade spodumene ore flotation collector, stirring for 5min, and carrying out rough separation after stirring, thereby obtaining rough separation concentrate and rough separation tailings. Adding 50g/t of the novel collector for flotation of the low-grade spodumene ores into the roughed tailings, and performing scavenging to obtain scavenged middlings and scavenged tailings; and returning the scavenging middlings to the roughing.
Step 5A, adding 100g/t of the novel collector for the flotation of the low-grade spodumene ores into the rough concentration concentrate, and carrying out first concentration to obtain first concentrated middlings and first concentrated concentrate; adding 60g/t of the novel collector for flotation of the low-grade spodumene ores into the first concentrated concentrate, and carrying out second concentration to obtain second concentrated middlings and second concentrated concentrate; adding 40g/t of the novel collector for flotation of the low-grade spodumene ore into the concentrate obtained by the second concentration, and carrying out third concentration to obtain middlings and spodumene concentrates obtained by the third concentration (the spodumene concentrates are foam products obtained by the third concentration); and sequentially returning the first-time concentration middlings, the second-time concentration middlings and the third-time concentration middlings to the previous flotation process.
Specifically, the low-grade spodumene ore mentioned in the background art is subjected to the closed-loop process of "magnetic separation removal of magnetic gangue minerals-concentration-removal of anions and cations of non-magnetic impurity minerals-high concentration, strong stirring-one rough concentration, three times of fine concentration and one time of scavenging, and sequential return of middlings" in the above-mentioned embodiment 1 of the present invention, to obtain Li2Spodumene concentrate with 5.16% O grade and 80.40% recovery rate. In contrast to the prior art described in the background of the invention, spodumene concentrate Li obtained in example 1 of the invention2The grade and recovery rate of O are improved to a great extent. Meanwhile, from the phenomenon, the foam layer has good mineralization and fluidity and moderate bubble viscosity, thereby enriching the lithium-containing minerals and reducing the entrainment of gangue minerals. The collector has the advantage of easy dispersionGood selectivity and strong collecting property.
Example 2
Li content in Sichuan certain low-grade spodumene ore2O1.03 percent. The research result of the process mineralogy of the ore shows that Li of spodumene mineral2O content is 5.14%, far lower than Li of spodumene2The theoretical content of O is 8.03 percent.
A spodumene ore dressing method is used for processing the low-grade spodumene ore, and specifically comprises the following steps:
and step 1B, grinding the spodumene ore raw ore by adopting a ball mill under the normal temperature condition, adding 2500g/t of sodium carbonate into the ball mill, and obtaining raw ore pulp with the grinding fineness of-0.074 mm and the content of 65-75%.
And 2B, carrying out magnetic separation on the raw ore pulp by adopting a Slon series strong magnetic separator, wherein the field intensity of the magnetic separation is 1.1T, and removing magnetic gangue minerals to obtain magnetic concentrate.
And 3B, concentrating the magnetic separation concentrate into ore pulp with the mass fraction of 20-30%, adding 150g/t of amine medicament and 200g/t of petroleum sodium sulfonate for flotation, and removing nonmagnetic impurity minerals (the nonmagnetic impurity minerals are calcite, apatite, tourmaline, dolomite and the like), thereby obtaining the ore pulp with the nonmagnetic impurity minerals removed.
And 4B, concentrating the ore pulp from which the non-magnetic impurity minerals are removed into ore pulp with the mass fraction of 40% -50% (high concentration), then carrying out strong stirring at the rotating speed of 2300r/min, adding 2000g/t of sodium carbonate and 800g/t of sodium hydroxide in the stirring process, continuing stirring for 20-30 min, adding 300g/t of lignin (serving as a slime dispersant), stirring for 2min, adding 300g/t of calcium chloride (serving as an activating agent), stirring for 2min, adding 600g/t of the novel low-grade spodumene ore flotation collecting agent, stirring for 5min, and carrying out rough separation after stirring, thereby obtaining rough separation concentrate and rough separation tailings. Adding 50g/t of the novel collector for flotation of the low-grade spodumene ores into the roughed tailings, and performing scavenging to obtain scavenged middlings and scavenged tailings; and returning the scavenging middlings to the roughing.
Step 5B, adding 120g/t of the novel collector for the low-grade spodumene ore flotation into the rough concentration concentrate, and carrying out first concentration to obtain first concentrated middlings and first concentrated concentrate; adding 80g/t of the novel collector for flotation of the low-grade spodumene ores into the first concentrated concentrate, and carrying out second concentration to obtain second concentrated middlings and second concentrated concentrate; adding 50g/t of the novel collector for flotation of the low-grade spodumene ore into the concentrate obtained by the second concentration, and carrying out third concentration to obtain middlings and spodumene concentrates obtained by the third concentration (the spodumene concentrates are foam products obtained by the third concentration); and sequentially returning the first-time concentration middlings, the second-time concentration middlings and the third-time concentration middlings to the previous flotation process.
Specifically, the low-grade spodumene ore is treated by the method of the invention in the embodiment 2 to obtain Li2Spodumene concentrate with an O grade of 4.83% and a recovery rate of 83.15%. In addition, in order to research the application effect of the novel collector for flotation of low-grade spodumene ore provided by the invention under low temperature condition, the ore dressing test is carried out in the ore pulp environment with the temperature of about 10 ℃ in a mode of adding ice blocks around the flotation tank, and finally, Li is obtained through the test2Spodumene concentrate with an O grade of 4.05% and a recovery rate of 78.19%. The test result is closer to the test result under the normal temperature condition, which shows that the novel collector for the flotation of the low-grade spodumene ore provided by the invention has the advantage of low temperature resistance.
The result shows that the novel collector for flotation of the low-grade spodumene ore can effectively and efficiently recover lithium-containing minerals such as spodumene under certain conditions.
In conclusion, the embodiment of the invention can realize the high-efficiency recycling of spodumene ore under the condition of reducing the dosage of the medicament, has low temperature resistance, easy dispersion and good selectivity, has good enrichment effect on low-grade spodumene ore, and obviously improves the recovery rate and grade of the concentrate product. The beneficiation method removes magnetic gangue minerals and non-magnetic impurity minerals in advance, and improves the spodumene concentrate grade.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (9)
1. The novel collector for flotation of low-grade spodumene ores is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by mass:
2. the novel collector for flotation of low-grade spodumene ore according to claim 1, characterized in that fatty acid sodium is used instead of oleic acid.
3. A preparation method of a novel collector for flotation of low-grade spodumene ores is characterized by comprising the following steps:
according to the mass parts, 10-20 parts of caustic soda are dissolved in an aqueous solution, the aqueous solution is heated to 50-60 ℃, 30-40 parts of oleic acid is added and uniformly stirred in a constant temperature environment, after the temperature of the solution reaches a stable temperature value and the reaction is complete, 15-25 parts of imidazole and 10-20 parts of tartaric acid are added, the stirring is continued for 20-30 min, 5-15 parts of tributyl phosphate is added, the solution is fully and uniformly mixed and stands for 1h, and no layering phenomenon occurs, so that the novel collector for the flotation of the low-grade spodumene ore is prepared.
4. A spodumene ore beneficiation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, grinding crude spodumene ore by using a ball mill, adding 2000-4000 g/t of sodium carbonate into the ball mill, wherein the grinding fineness is-0.074 mm, and the content of the grinding ore accounts for 65-75%, so as to obtain crude ore pulp;
step two, carrying out magnetic separation on the raw ore pulp to remove magnetic gangue minerals, thereby obtaining magnetic concentrate;
step three, concentrating the magnetic concentrate, adding an amine reagent and sodium petroleum sulfonate for flotation, and removing non-magnetic impurity minerals to obtain ore pulp with the non-magnetic impurity minerals removed;
step four, concentrating the ore pulp from which the non-magnetic impurity minerals are removed, adding 1000-2000 g/t of sodium carbonate and 800-1000 g/t of sodium hydroxide, stirring for 20-30 min, adding a slime dispersant, an activating agent and the novel collector for low-grade spodumene ore flotation as claimed in any one of claims 1-2, and performing rough concentration after stirring to obtain rough concentrate;
and fifthly, carrying out concentration on the rough concentration concentrate for 3 times, adding the novel collector for flotation of the low-grade spodumene ore in any one of claims 1 to 2 in each concentration, and obtaining a foam product, namely the spodumene concentrate, in the third concentration.
5. The spodumene ore dressing method according to claim 4, wherein the field strength of the magnetic separation in the second step is 1.0-1.3T.
6. The spodumene ore dressing method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that in the third step, the magnetic concentrate is concentrated into ore pulp with the mass fraction of 20% -30%, and then 100-150 g/t of amine chemicals and 150-250 g/t of petroleum sodium sulfonate are added for flotation.
7. The low-grade spodumene ore beneficiation method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that in the fourth step, the ore pulp from which the non-magnetic impurity minerals are removed is concentrated into the ore pulp with the mass fraction of 40% -50%, then the ore pulp is stirred at the rotation speed of 2300r/min, 1000-2000 g/t of sodium carbonate and 800-1000 g/t of sodium hydroxide are added in the stirring process, the stirring is continued for 20-30 min, 300-400 g/t of pulp dispersant lignin, 200-400 g/t of activator calcium chloride and 600g/t of the novel low-grade spodumene ore flotation collector according to any one of claims 1-2 are added, and the rough concentration and the rough tailings are obtained after the stirring;
adding 50g/t of the novel collector for flotation of low-grade spodumene ores according to any one of claims 1 to 2 into the rougher tailings, and carrying out scavenging to obtain scavenged middlings and scavenged tailings; and returning the scavenging middlings to the roughing.
8. The low-grade spodumene ore beneficiation method according to claim 4 or 5, wherein in the fifth step, 100-120 g/t of the novel low-grade spodumene ore flotation collector according to any one of claims 1 to 2 is added to the rougher concentrate, and first beneficiation is performed, so that first beneficiated middlings and first beneficiated concentrates are obtained; adding 60-80 g/t of the novel collector for flotation of low-grade spodumene ores as claimed in any one of claims 1-2 to the first concentrated concentrate, and performing second concentration to obtain second concentrated middlings and second concentrated concentrate; adding 40-50 g/t of the novel collector for flotation of low-grade spodumene ores, which is disclosed by any one of claims 1-2, into the second concentrated concentrate, and carrying out third concentration to obtain third concentrated middlings and spodumene concentrates; and sequentially returning the first-time concentration middlings, the second-time concentration middlings and the third-time concentration middlings to the previous flotation process.
9. The method for beneficiating low-grade spodumene ore according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the roughing in step four and the 3 beneficiating in step five are performed at 10 ℃.
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