CN111249854A - High-humidity industrial waste gas purification device and method - Google Patents
High-humidity industrial waste gas purification device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111249854A CN111249854A CN202010104353.1A CN202010104353A CN111249854A CN 111249854 A CN111249854 A CN 111249854A CN 202010104353 A CN202010104353 A CN 202010104353A CN 111249854 A CN111249854 A CN 111249854A
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/26—Drying gases or vapours
- B01D53/261—Drying gases or vapours by adsorption
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
- B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
- B01D2253/106—Silica or silicates
- B01D2253/108—Zeolites
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
- B01D2257/708—Volatile organic compounds V.O.C.'s
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
- B01D2259/40—Further details for adsorption processes and devices
- B01D2259/40083—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption
- B01D2259/40088—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption by heating
- B01D2259/4009—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption by heating using hot gas
Abstract
The invention provides a high-humidity industrial waste gas purification device and a method, wherein the device comprises a dehydration adsorption unit, a waste gas adsorption unit and an adsorbent regeneration unit, wherein an outlet of the dehydration adsorption unit is connected with an inlet of the waste gas adsorption unit, the dehydration adsorption unit at least comprises three dehydration adsorption towers connected in parallel, and the waste gas adsorption unit at least comprises two waste gas adsorption towers connected in parallel; the adsorbent regeneration unit comprises a temperature regulator, a regeneration pipeline and a cooling pipeline, the cooling pipeline is connected with the temperature regulator through the dehydration adsorption unit, and an outlet pipeline of the temperature regulator comprises two regeneration pipelines which are respectively connected with the dehydration adsorption unit and the waste gas adsorption unit. According to the invention, through the arrangement of the two-stage adsorption units of moisture and waste gas, moisture and waste gas components are respectively removed, so that the influence of moisture on waste gas adsorption is avoided, and meanwhile, the operating conditions of the adsorption tower can be respectively regulated and controlled, so that high-frequency regeneration of water vapor adsorption and long-time concentration and enrichment of waste gas are realized, and the subsequent treatment is facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of gas purification, and relates to a high-humidity industrial waste gas purification device and method.
Background
With the stricter purification standard of industrial waste gas, the single waste gas treatmentThe technology is difficult to meet the expected requirements, and a combined process of multiple technologies is required to be applied in actual treatment so as to meet the requirement of ultralow emission, and particularly higher requirements are provided for the exhaust emission of systems with large air volume, low concentration and high moisture content, such as blast furnace gas, coking wastewater VOCs and the like. In order to reduce the processing cost and improve the processing efficiency, it is necessary to use the H in blast furnace gas2And concentrating and enriching the waste gases such as S and coking wastewater VOCs, and then performing subsequent link treatment after desorption.
For a high-moisture-content discharge system, water molecules and waste gas molecules are competitively adsorbed on an adsorbent, so that the enrichment of low-concentration waste gas is greatly influenced, and therefore, a certain dehydration technology is required to be adopted for preprocessing the waste gas, and partial research is carried out at present. CN 108654326A discloses a molecular sieve adsorption equipment for high humidity organic waste gas, including the exhaust purification barrel, the top surface of exhaust purification barrel is equipped with sealed lid, be equipped with the dehydration chamber in proper order according to from the bottom up, the dehumidification room, the clean room, be equipped with the desicator in the dehydration chamber, temperature sensor and electric heater, be equipped with silica gel on the desicator medial surface, be equipped with humidity transducer and glass fiber filter pulp in the dehumidification chamber, be equipped with molecular sieve filter screen and bamboo charcoal fiber filter screen in the clean room, this adsorption equipment is overall structure, each part is difficult to dismantle alone and carries out the regeneration of adsorbent, just the device structure is constituteed complicacy, and the cost is higher.
CN 105233626A discloses a dual-functional adsorption rotating wheel for dehumidifying and removing VOCs, which is composed of a rotating wheel I and a rotating wheel II, wherein the rotating wheel I and the rotating wheel II have the same diameter and are coaxially butted without intervals, an adsorbent is uniformly attached to the rotating wheel I, a dehumidifying agent is uniformly attached to the rotating wheel II, the rotating wheel II is positioned at the inlet side of the VOCs, and the rotating wheel is used for circularly absorbing and desorbing to realize the dual functions of dehumidifying and removing VOCs; however, for large air volume, low concentration and high humidity waste gas, when the device is applied, on one hand, the influence of water on waste gas components is difficult to avoid, so that the using amount of an adsorbent is increased, on the other hand, the low concentration waste gas needs to be adsorbed for a long time, the rotating wheel system is difficult to adjust proper adsorption and regeneration time for different atmospheres, and meanwhile, the rotating wheel with large air volume needs to be large in size, so that the design and operation cost is increased.
In summary, for the concentration and enrichment treatment of industrial waste gas with large air volume, low concentration and high moisture content, the problem of influence of water in a waste gas system on waste gas adsorption, the problem of continuous and stable operation of devices under different industrial waste gas systems, the problem of cost reduction and the problem of no secondary pollution need to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the adsorption treatment process of high-humidity industrial waste gas in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a high-humidity industrial waste gas purification device and a high-humidity industrial waste gas purification method.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in one aspect, the invention provides a high-humidity industrial waste gas purification device, which comprises a dehydration adsorption unit, a waste gas adsorption unit and an adsorbent regeneration unit, wherein an outlet of the dehydration adsorption unit is connected with an inlet of the waste gas adsorption unit, the dehydration adsorption unit comprises at least three dehydration adsorption towers connected in parallel, and the waste gas adsorption unit comprises at least two waste gas adsorption towers connected in parallel;
the adsorbent regeneration unit includes temperature regulator, regeneration pipeline and cooling line, the cooling line is through dehydration adsorption unit and temperature regulator's entry linkage, temperature regulator's outlet pipeline includes two regeneration pipelines, and one links to each other with dehydration adsorption unit, and another links to each other with waste gas adsorption unit.
According to the device, the dehydration adsorption unit and the waste gas adsorption unit are independently arranged, so that moisture and organic components in the industrial waste gas are respectively removed, and the problems that the waste gas removal rate is reduced and the service life of the adsorbent is short due to competitive adsorption of water molecules on the adsorbent and waste gas molecules during common adsorption are solved; the adsorption towers are arranged in parallel, so that different adsorption towers can be respectively in adsorption, regeneration and cooling processes, continuous treatment of industrial waste gas is ensured, and the treatment efficiency of the waste gas is improved; the regeneration unit can rapidly realize the regeneration of the adsorbent, and the appropriate regeneration conditions can be selected according to the different compositions of the waste gas, so that the application range is wide.
The following technical solutions are preferred technical solutions of the present invention, but not limited to the technical solutions provided by the present invention, and technical objects and advantageous effects of the present invention can be better achieved and achieved by the following technical solutions.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the dehydration adsorption tower in the dehydration adsorption unit comprises at least one tower for adsorption, one tower for regeneration and one tower for cooling.
Preferably, the number of the waste gas adsorption towers in the waste gas adsorption unit is 2-4, such as 2, 3 or 4, and the selection of the specific number is related to the treatment capacity of the waste gas, the size of the waste gas adsorption tower and the packing rate of the adsorbent.
Preferably, the off-gas adsorption columns are regenerated sequentially.
Generally speaking, for industrial waste gas with large air volume and low concentration, the time required for the saturation of the adsorbent in the waste gas adsorption tower is longer, so that in a cycle process, the adsorption tower is in an adsorption process for most of time, when regeneration is needed, different adsorption towers are respectively carried out, the adsorption tower is in an adsorption state at any moment, and the continuous treatment of the waste gas is ensured.
Preferably, the dehydration adsorption tower and the off-gas adsorption tower are filled with adsorbents.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the high humidity industrial waste gas is connected to an inlet of a dehydration adsorption tower.
Preferably, an outlet of the waste gas adsorption unit is connected with an adsorption fan.
Preferably, an adsorption fan is arranged at the outlet of each waste gas adsorption tower.
According to the invention, the flow velocity of the industrial waste gas can be effectively regulated by arranging the adsorption fan, so that the treatment rate of the industrial waste gas can be regulated, and the industrial waste gas can be timely regulated according to the concentration of the waste gas.
Preferably, the outlet and the inlet of the dehydration adsorption tower and the outlet and the inlet of the waste gas adsorption tower are respectively provided with a valve.
As the preferable technical scheme of the invention, cooling gas is introduced into the cooling pipeline, and the cooling gas sequentially passes through the dehydration adsorption tower and the temperature regulator to be used as regeneration gas.
In the invention, in order to improve the utilization efficiency of gas and heat, the temperature of the gas passing through the cooling pipeline is increased, and the gas is adjusted to be suitable for the regeneration of the adsorbent.
Preferably, a three-way valve is arranged at the branch of the regeneration pipeline.
Preferably, a desorption fan is arranged at an outlet of the regeneration pipeline.
Preferably, a first desorption fan is arranged on the regeneration pipeline passing through the dehydration adsorption tower, and a second desorption fan is arranged on the regeneration pipeline passing through the waste gas adsorption tower.
In the invention, because the adsorption towers of the dehydration adsorption unit and the waste gas adsorption unit need to be regenerated, a three-way valve is arranged on a regeneration pipeline passing through the temperature regulator, and the regeneration pipeline is divided into two branches and is respectively used for regenerating adsorbents in the dehydration adsorption tower and the waste gas adsorption tower.
Preferably, the outlet of the second desorption fan is further connected with a subsequent treatment device.
In the invention, after the exhaust gas molecules are adsorbed, the exhaust gas molecules are desorbed in the regeneration process to obtain concentrated exhaust gas, and then the concentrated exhaust gas is subjected to subsequent exhaust gas treatment, such as combustion, catalytic oxidation and the like.
Preferably, valves are arranged at the positions of the cooling pipeline and the regeneration pipeline for entering and exiting the dehydration adsorption tower and the waste gas adsorption tower.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for purifying high humidity industrial waste gas using the above apparatus, the method comprising the steps of:
(1) the high-humidity industrial waste gas enters a dehydration adsorption tower for dehydration adsorption, then enters a waste gas adsorption tower for waste gas adsorption, and the obtained purified gas is discharged;
(2) after the dehydration adsorption tower in the step (1) is saturated in adsorption, regenerating adsorbent by using regenerated gas passing through a cooling pipeline and a temperature regulator, cooling the dehydration adsorption tower by using cooling gas after regeneration is finished, and discharging the cooling gas to enter the temperature regulator;
(3) and (2) after the waste gas adsorption tower in the step (1) is saturated in adsorption, regenerating the adsorbent by using regenerated gas passing through a cooling pipeline and a temperature regulator, and carrying desorbed enriched waste gas with the regenerated gas for subsequent treatment.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the component of the high-humidity industrial waste gas in the step (1) comprises H2O and off-gas components.
Preferably, the volume fraction of water vapor in the high humidity industrial waste gas is 3% to 5%, for example 3%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.5%, or 5%, etc., but is not limited to the recited values, and other values not recited in the range of values are also applicable.
Preferably, the waste gas components in the high-humidity industrial waste gas comprise VOCs and H2S or HCN, or a combination of at least two of S or HCN, said combination comprising VOCs and H2Combination of S, H2Combination of S and HCN, VOCs, H2S and HCN, and the like.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the adsorbent filled in the dehydration adsorption tower in the step (1) comprises a 3A type molecular sieve and/or a 4A type molecular sieve, and effective desorption of water vapor can be realized.
Preferably, at least three dehydration adsorption towers in step (1) are arranged in parallel, for example, three, four, five or six dehydration adsorption towers are arranged in parallel.
Preferably, the temperature of the dehydration adsorption in step (1) is 20 to 50 ℃, for example, 20 ℃, 25 ℃, 30 ℃, 35 ℃, 40 ℃, 45 ℃ or 50 ℃, but is not limited to the recited values, and other values not recited in the range of the values are also applicable.
Preferably, the adsorption time of each dehydration adsorption column in step (1) is 2 to 6 hours, such as 2 hours, 3 hours, 3.5 hours, 4 hours, 4.5 hours, 5 hours or 6 hours, but not limited to the recited values, and other values not recited in the range of the values are also applicable.
Preferably, the adsorbent packed in the off-gas adsorption column of step (1) comprises any one of or a combination of at least two of an X-type molecular sieve, a Y-type molecular sieve, an a-type molecular sieve or a ZSM-type molecular sieve, and typical but non-limiting examples of the combination include: the combination of the X-type molecular sieve and the Y-type molecular sieve, the combination of the A-type molecular sieve and the ZSM-type molecular sieve, the combination of the X-type molecular sieve, the Y-type molecular sieve and the A-type molecular sieve, the combination of the X-type molecular sieve, the Y-type molecular sieve, the A-type molecular sieve and the ZSM-type molecular sieve and the like.
In the invention, the A-type molecular sieve comprises a 3A-type molecular sieve, a 4A-type molecular sieve and the like, and when industrial waste gas contains H2S, HCN, etc., molecular sieves of this type can be packed for adsorption.
Preferably, at least two, for example two, three or four, etc., waste gas adsorption columns are arranged in parallel in the step (1).
Preferably, the temperature for adsorbing the exhaust gas in the step (1) is 20 to 50 ℃, for example, 20 ℃, 25 ℃, 30 ℃, 35 ℃, 40 ℃, 45 ℃ or 50 ℃, but is not limited to the recited values, and other values not recited in the range of the values are also applicable.
Preferably, the adsorption time of each off-gas adsorption column in step (1) is 5 to 30 days, for example, 5 days, 10 days, 15 days, 20 days, 25 days, or 30 days, etc., but is not limited to the recited values, and other values not recited in the range of the values are also applicable.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the regeneration gas in the step (2) comprises nitrogen and/or air.
In the invention, the regeneration gas can be selected according to the difference between the adsorption tower and the treatment atmosphere, the dehydration adsorption tower can select air as the regeneration gas, and the waste gas adsorption tower treats H2S, HCN, nitrogen can be used as the regeneration gas, and air can be used as the regeneration gas for treating the VOCs atmosphere.
Preferably, the temperature for regenerating the adsorbent in step (2) is 100 to 150 ℃, for example, 100 ℃, 110 ℃, 120 ℃, 130 ℃, 140 ℃ or 150 ℃, but not limited to the recited values, and other values not recited in the range of the values are also applicable.
Preferably, the adsorbent in step (2) is regenerated for 2-6 h, such as 2h, 3h, 3.5h, 4h, 4.5h, 5h or 6h, but not limited to the recited values, and other values not recited in the range of the recited values are also applicable.
Preferably, the cooling gas of step (2) is the same as the regeneration gas.
In the invention, the dehydration adsorption tower is cooled by gas purging and then used as the regeneration gas, so that the residual heat of the adsorption tower is fully utilized, and the consumption of the heat required by the temperature rise of the regeneration gas is reduced.
Preferably, the cooling time in step (2) is 2-6 h, such as 2h, 3h, 3.5h, 4h, 4.5h, 5h or 6h, but not limited to the recited values, and other values not recited in the range of the values are also applicable.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the regeneration gas in the step (3) comprises nitrogen and/or air.
Preferably, the temperature for regenerating the adsorbent in step (3) is 150 to 200 ℃, for example 150 ℃, 160 ℃, 170 ℃, 180 ℃, 190 ℃ or 200 ℃, but not limited to the recited values, and other values not recited in the range of the values are also applicable.
Preferably, the adsorbent in step (3) is regenerated for 8-24 h, such as 8h, 10h, 12h, 15h, 18h, 20h or 24h, but not limited to the recited values, and other values in the range are also applicable.
Preferably, after the adsorbent in the step (3) is regenerated, the off-gas adsorption tower is cooled.
In the invention, because the adsorption time in the waste gas adsorption tower is much longer than the regeneration time, when one waste gas adsorption tower is used for adsorption, the other waste gas adsorption tower can finish the regeneration and cooling processes in turn, and the regenerated gas carries the enriched and concentrated waste gas for subsequent treatment to realize the purification of waste gas components.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) the method comprises the steps that high-humidity industrial waste gas firstly enters a dehydration adsorption tower for dehydration adsorption, the volume fraction of water vapor in the high-humidity industrial waste gas is 3% -5%, the dehydration adsorption temperature is 20-50 ℃, the adsorption time of each dehydration adsorption tower is 2-6 hours, then the high-humidity industrial waste gas enters a waste gas adsorption tower for waste gas adsorption, the waste gas adsorption temperature is 20-50 ℃, the adsorption time of each waste gas adsorption tower is 5-30 days, and the obtained purified gas is discharged;
(2) after the dehydration adsorption tower in the step (1) is saturated in adsorption, regenerating the adsorbent by using regenerated gas passing through a cooling pipeline and a temperature regulator, wherein the regeneration temperature is 100-150 ℃, the regeneration time is 2-6 h, cooling the dehydration adsorption tower by using cooling gas after the regeneration is finished, the cooling time is 2-6 h, and the cooling gas is discharged and enters the temperature regulator;
(3) and (2) after the waste gas adsorption tower is saturated in adsorption, regenerating the adsorbent by using regenerated gas passing through a cooling pipeline and a temperature regulator, wherein the regeneration temperature of the adsorbent is 150-200 ℃, the regeneration time is 8-24 h, the waste gas adsorption tower is cooled after the adsorbent is regenerated, and the regenerated gas carries the desorbed enriched waste gas for subsequent treatment.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the invention, through the arrangement of two stages of adsorption units of dehydration adsorption and waste gas adsorption, moisture and waste gas components in the industrial waste gas can be respectively adsorbed and removed, so that the influence of moisture on the adsorption performance of the waste gas components is avoided, and meanwhile, the operation conditions of the adsorption tower can be respectively regulated and controlled, so that high-frequency adsorption regeneration of high-humidity water vapor and long-time concentration and enrichment of low-concentration waste gas are realized;
(2) the waste gas adsorption unit is independent of the dehydration adsorption unit, can flexibly adjust adsorption and regeneration conditions and the types of adsorbents according to waste gas components, realizes long-time stable adsorption of industrial waste gas, is simple to operate, saves the using amount of the adsorbents, and reduces the operation cost;
(3) the regeneration gas in the adsorbent regeneration unit is derived from the cooling gas of the dehydration adsorption tower, so that the heat in the regenerated adsorption tower is fully utilized, the energy consumption is reduced, and the economic benefit is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the construction of a high-humidity industrial waste gas purification apparatus according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
the method comprises the following steps of 1-dehydrating adsorption tower, 2-waste gas adsorption tower, 3-temperature regulator, 4-regeneration pipeline, 5-cooling pipeline, 6-adsorption fan, 7-three-way valve, 8-first desorption fan, 9-second desorption fan and 10-subsequent treatment device.
Detailed Description
In order to better illustrate the present invention and facilitate the understanding of the technical solutions of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below. However, the following examples are only simple examples of the present invention and do not represent or limit the scope of the present invention, which is defined by the claims.
The invention provides a high-humidity industrial waste gas purification device and a method, wherein the device comprises a dehydration adsorption unit, a waste gas adsorption unit and an adsorbent regeneration unit, wherein the outlet of the dehydration adsorption unit is connected with the inlet of the waste gas adsorption unit, the dehydration adsorption unit comprises at least three dehydration adsorption towers 1 connected in parallel, and the waste gas adsorption unit comprises at least two waste gas adsorption towers 2 connected in parallel;
adsorbent regeneration unit includes temperature regulator 3, regeneration pipeline 4 and cooling line 5, cooling line 5 is through dehydration adsorption unit and temperature regulator 3's entry linkage, temperature regulator 3's outlet pipeline includes two regeneration pipelines 4, and one links to each other with dehydration adsorption unit, and another links to each other with waste gas adsorption unit.
The following are typical but non-limiting examples of the invention:
example 1:
the embodiment provides a high-humidity industrial waste gas purification device, the structural schematic diagram of the device is shown in fig. 1, and the device comprises a dehydration adsorption unit, a waste gas adsorption unit and an adsorbent regeneration unit, wherein an outlet of the dehydration adsorption unit is connected with an inlet of the waste gas adsorption unit, the dehydration adsorption unit comprises three dehydration adsorption towers 1 connected in parallel, and the waste gas adsorption unit comprises two waste gas adsorption towers 2 connected in parallel;
adsorbent regeneration unit includes temperature regulator 3, regeneration pipeline 4 and cooling line 5, cooling line 5 is through dehydration adsorption unit and temperature regulator 3's entry linkage, temperature regulator 3's outlet pipeline includes two regeneration pipelines 4, and one links to each other with dehydration adsorption unit, and another links to each other with waste gas adsorption unit.
Maintaining one-column adsorption, one-column regeneration and one-column cooling in a dehydration adsorption column 1 of the dehydration adsorption unit, and filling a 3A type molecular sieve adsorbent in the dehydration adsorption column 1; the waste gas adsorption tower 2 is regenerated in sequence, and an X-type molecular sieve and a Y-type molecular sieve adsorbent are filled in the waste gas adsorption tower 2.
The high-humidity industrial waste gas is connected with an inlet of the dehydration adsorption tower 1; an adsorption fan 6 is arranged at the outlet of each waste gas adsorption tower 2.
And electric valves are respectively arranged at the outlet and the inlet of the dehydration adsorption tower 1 and the outlet and the inlet of the waste gas adsorption tower 2.
And cooling gas is introduced into the cooling pipeline 5 and sequentially passes through the dehydration adsorption tower 1 and the temperature regulator 3 to be used as regeneration gas.
A three-way valve 7 is arranged at the branch of the regeneration pipeline 4; a first desorption fan 8 is arranged on the regeneration pipeline 4 passing through the dehydration adsorption tower 1, and a second desorption fan 9 is arranged on the regeneration pipeline 4 passing through the waste gas adsorption tower 2; and the outlet of the second desorption fan 9 is also connected with a subsequent treatment device 10.
Electric valves are arranged at the positions of the cooling pipeline 5 and the regeneration pipeline 4 for the dehydration adsorption tower 1 and the waste gas adsorption tower 2.
Example 2:
the embodiment provides a high-humidity industrial waste gas purification device, which comprises a dehydration adsorption unit, a waste gas adsorption unit and an adsorbent regeneration unit, wherein an outlet of the dehydration adsorption unit is connected with an inlet of the waste gas adsorption unit, the dehydration adsorption unit comprises four dehydration adsorption towers 1 connected in parallel, and the waste gas adsorption unit comprises three waste gas adsorption towers 2 connected in parallel;
adsorbent regeneration unit includes temperature regulator 3, regeneration pipeline 4 and cooling line 5, and cooling line 5 divide into two, and one is through dehydration adsorption unit and temperature regulator 3's entry linkage, and another is through the entry linkage of waste gas adsorption unit and temperature regulator 3, temperature regulator 3's export pipeline includes two regeneration pipelines 4, and one links to each other with dehydration adsorption unit, and another links to each other with waste gas adsorption unit.
Maintaining two-tower adsorption, one-tower regeneration and one-tower cooling in a dehydration adsorption tower 1 of the dehydration adsorption unit, and filling a 4A type molecular sieve adsorbent in the dehydration adsorption tower 1; the waste gas adsorption tower 2 is regenerated in sequence, and the waste gas adsorption tower 2 is filled with a 3A type molecular sieve and a ZSM type molecular sieve adsorbent.
The high-humidity industrial waste gas is connected with an inlet of the dehydration adsorption tower 1; an adsorption fan 6 is arranged at the outlet of each waste gas adsorption tower 2.
And electric valves are respectively arranged at the outlet and the inlet of the dehydration adsorption tower 1 and the outlet and the inlet of the waste gas adsorption tower 2.
And cooling gas is introduced into the cooling pipeline 5, passes through the dehydration adsorption tower 1 or the waste gas adsorption tower 2, and then passes through the temperature regulator 3 to be used as regeneration gas.
A three-way valve 7 is arranged at the branch of the regeneration pipeline 4; a first desorption fan 8 is arranged on the regeneration pipeline 4 passing through the dehydration adsorption tower 1, and a second desorption fan 9 is arranged on the regeneration pipeline 4 passing through the waste gas adsorption tower 2; and the outlet of the second desorption fan 9 is also connected with a subsequent treatment device 10.
Electric valves are arranged at the positions of the cooling pipeline 5 and the regeneration pipeline 4 for the dehydration adsorption tower 1 and the waste gas adsorption tower 2.
Example 3:
the embodiment provides a high-humidity industrial waste gas purification method, which is carried out by adopting the device in the embodiment 1 and comprises the following steps:
(1) introducing high-humidity industrial waste gas with the water vapor volume fraction of 3% into a dehydration adsorption tower 1 for dehydration adsorption, wherein the waste gas components of the industrial waste gas comprise VOCs, the dehydration adsorption temperature is 30 ℃, the adsorption time of each dehydration adsorption tower 1 is 4 hours, then the waste gas enters a waste gas adsorption tower 2 for waste gas adsorption, the waste gas adsorption temperature is 30 ℃, the adsorption time of each waste gas adsorption tower 2 is 15 days, and the obtained purified gas is discharged;
(2) after the dehydration adsorption tower 1 in the step (1) is saturated in adsorption, regenerating the adsorbent by using the regenerated gas passing through a cooling pipeline 5 and a temperature regulator 3, wherein the regenerated gas is air, the regeneration temperature is 130 ℃, the regeneration time is 4 hours, after the regeneration is finished, cooling the dehydration adsorption tower 1 by using the cooling gas, the cooling time is 4 hours, and the cooling gas is discharged and enters the temperature regulator 3;
(3) after the waste gas adsorption tower 2 is saturated in adsorption, regenerating gas passing through a cooling pipeline 5 and a temperature regulator 3 is adopted for adsorbent regeneration, the regenerating gas is air, the temperature of adsorbent regeneration is 200 ℃, the regeneration time is 8 hours, the waste gas adsorption tower 2 is cooled after the adsorbent regeneration, and the regenerating gas carries the desorbed enriched waste gas for subsequent treatment.
Example 4:
the embodiment provides a high-humidity industrial waste gas purification method, which is carried out by adopting the device in the embodiment 1 and comprises the following steps:
(1) introducing high-humidity industrial waste gas with the water vapor volume fraction of 4.5% into a dehydration adsorption tower 1 for dehydration adsorption, wherein the waste gas components of the industrial waste gas comprise VOCs, the temperature of the dehydration adsorption is 50 ℃, the adsorption time of each dehydration adsorption tower 1 is 3 hours, then the waste gas enters a waste gas adsorption tower 2 for waste gas adsorption, the temperature of the waste gas adsorption is 50 ℃, the adsorption time of each waste gas adsorption tower 2 is 5 days, and the obtained purified gas is discharged;
(2) after the dehydration adsorption tower 1 in the step (1) is saturated in adsorption, regenerating the adsorbent by using regenerated gas which passes through a cooling pipeline 5 and a temperature regulator 3, wherein the regenerated gas is air, the regeneration temperature is 150 ℃, the regeneration time is 2 hours, cooling gas is used for cooling the dehydration adsorption tower 1 after the regeneration is finished, the cooling time is 3 hours, and the cooled gas enters the temperature regulator 3 after being discharged;
(3) and (2) after the waste gas adsorption tower 2 is saturated in adsorption, regenerating the adsorbent by using the regenerated gas passing through the cooling pipeline 5 and the temperature regulator 3, wherein the regenerated gas is air, the regeneration temperature of the adsorbent is 150 ℃, the regeneration time is 24 hours, the waste gas adsorption tower 2 is cooled after the adsorbent is regenerated, and the regenerated gas carries the desorbed enriched waste gas for subsequent treatment.
Example 5:
the embodiment provides a high-humidity industrial waste gas purification method, which is carried out by adopting the device in the embodiment 2 and comprises the following steps:
(1) introducing high-humidity industrial waste gas with the water vapor volume fraction of 5% into a dehydration adsorption tower 1 for dehydration adsorption, wherein the waste gas component of the industrial waste gas comprises H2S and VOCs, the temperature of dehydration adsorption is 20 ℃, the adsorption time of each dehydration adsorption tower 1 is 6 hours, then the obtained purified gas enters a waste gas adsorption tower 2 for waste gas adsorption, the temperature of waste gas adsorption is 20 ℃, the adsorption time of each waste gas adsorption tower 2 is 25 days, and the obtained purified gas is discharged;
(2) after the dehydration adsorption tower 1 in the step (1) is saturated in adsorption, regenerating the adsorbent by using regenerated gas which passes through a cooling pipeline 5 and a temperature regulator 3, wherein the regenerated gas is nitrogen, the regeneration temperature is 100 ℃, the regeneration time is 3 hours, cooling gas is used for cooling the dehydration adsorption tower 1 after the regeneration is finished, the cooling time is 3 hours, and the cooling gas is discharged and enters the temperature regulator 3;
(3) after the waste gas adsorption tower 2 is saturated in adsorption, regenerating gas passing through a cooling pipeline 5 and a temperature regulator 3 is adopted for adsorbent regeneration, the regenerating gas is nitrogen, the adsorbent regeneration temperature is 180 ℃, the regeneration time is 16h, after the adsorbent regeneration, the waste gas adsorption tower 2 is cooled by adopting cooling gas nitrogen, and the regenerating gas carries the desorbed enriched waste gas for subsequent treatment.
In examples 3 to 5, the apparatus was used to perform adsorption purification treatment of high-humidity industrial waste gas, and suitable adsorbents were selected according to the components and water content of industrial waste gas, to adsorb and remove water and waste gas components, respectively, to avoid the influence of water vapor on waste gas adsorption, and suitable regeneration conditions were selected according to the difference in water and waste gas components, to improve the concentration efficiency of waste gas, and to concentrate waste gas having a concentration of several tens ppm to thousands to ten thousands ppm.
Comparative example 1:
this comparative example provides a high-humidity industrial waste gas purification apparatus whose structure is different with reference to the apparatus structure in example 1 only in that: the dehydration adsorption unit and the waste gas adsorption unit are combined into one adsorption unit, and a single adsorbent is filled in the dehydration adsorption unit and the waste gas adsorption unit.
In this comparative example, adopt the device carries out high wet industrial waste gas's adsorption and purification, and steam and waste gas component desorption simultaneously in same adsorption tower, and steam and waste gas component have the competition on the adsorbent and adsorb, and steam leads to the fact great influence to waste gas adsorption, and waste gas concentration efficiency is extremely low, and is lower not adsorbed even to VOCs's adsorption efficiency, can't realize concentrated effect.
Comparative example 2:
this comparative example provides a high-humidity industrial waste gas purification apparatus whose structure is different with reference to the apparatus structure in example 1 only in that: the dehydration adsorption unit and the waste gas adsorption unit are combined into one adsorption unit, but the dehydration adsorbent and the waste gas adsorbent are filled in layers.
In this comparative example, adopt the device carries out high wet industrial waste gas's absorption purification, though can alleviate steam to waste gas absorbent influence to a certain extent, but the integral type adsorption equipment that the device adopted can not adjust the adsorption condition to steam and waste gas absorbent different characteristics, and system regeneration frequency is high when steam content is higher, and waste gas enrichment effect is relatively poor, can have the crowded condition of occupying waste gas adsorption site and making concentrated waste gas extrude the adsorption tower of steam when serious for waste gas component adsorbs incompletely, causes the pollution.
It can be seen from the above embodiments and comparative examples that the invention can absorb and remove the moisture and waste gas components in the industrial waste gas respectively through the arrangement of two stages of absorption units of dehydration absorption and waste gas absorption, thereby avoiding the influence of moisture on the absorption performance of the waste gas components, and simultaneously, the operation conditions of the absorption tower can be regulated and controlled respectively, so as to realize the high-frequency absorption regeneration of high-humidity water vapor and the long-time concentration enrichment and stable absorption of low-concentration waste gas, the operation is simple, the consumption of the absorbent is saved, and the operation cost is reduced; the regenerated gas in the adsorbent regeneration unit is derived from the cooling gas of the dehydration adsorption tower, so that the heat in the regenerated adsorption tower is fully utilized, the energy consumption is reduced, and the economic benefit is improved.
The applicant states that the present invention is described in detail by the above embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above detailed apparatus and method, i.e. it is not meant to imply that the present invention must be implemented by the above detailed apparatus and method. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that any modifications to the present invention, equivalents of the means for substitution and addition of means for carrying out the invention, selection of specific means, etc., are within the scope and disclosure of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The high-humidity industrial waste gas purification device is characterized by comprising a dehydration adsorption unit, a waste gas adsorption unit and an adsorbent regeneration unit, wherein an outlet of the dehydration adsorption unit is connected with an inlet of the waste gas adsorption unit, the dehydration adsorption unit comprises at least three dehydration adsorption towers connected in parallel, and the waste gas adsorption unit comprises at least two waste gas adsorption towers connected in parallel;
the adsorbent regeneration unit includes temperature regulator, regeneration pipeline and cooling line, the cooling line is through dehydration adsorption unit and temperature regulator's entry linkage, temperature regulator's outlet pipeline includes two regeneration pipelines, and one links to each other with dehydration adsorption unit, and another links to each other with waste gas adsorption unit.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the dehydration adsorption column in the dehydration adsorption unit has at least one of column adsorption, column regeneration, and column cooling;
preferably, the number of the waste gas adsorption towers in the waste gas adsorption unit is 2-4;
preferably, the waste gas adsorption columns are regenerated in sequence;
preferably, the dehydration adsorption tower and the off-gas adsorption tower are filled with adsorbents.
3. The apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the high humidity industrial waste gas is connected to an inlet of a dehydration adsorption tower;
preferably, an outlet of the waste gas adsorption unit is connected with an adsorption fan;
preferably, an adsorption fan is arranged at the outlet of each waste gas adsorption tower;
preferably, the outlet and the inlet of the dehydration adsorption tower and the outlet and the inlet of the waste gas adsorption tower are respectively provided with a valve.
4. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein cooling gas is introduced into the cooling pipeline, and the cooling gas passes through the dehydration adsorption tower and the temperature regulator in sequence to be used as regeneration gas;
preferably, a branch of the regeneration pipeline is provided with a three-way valve;
preferably, a desorption fan is arranged at an outlet of the regeneration pipeline;
preferably, a first desorption fan is arranged on the regeneration pipeline passing through the dehydration adsorption tower, and a second desorption fan is arranged on the regeneration pipeline passing through the waste gas adsorption tower;
preferably, the outlet of the second desorption fan is further connected with a subsequent treatment device;
preferably, valves are arranged at the positions of the cooling pipeline and the regeneration pipeline for entering and exiting the dehydration adsorption tower and the waste gas adsorption tower.
5. A method for purifying high humidity industrial waste gas using the apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the method comprises the steps of:
(1) the high-humidity industrial waste gas enters a dehydration adsorption tower for dehydration adsorption, then enters a waste gas adsorption tower for waste gas adsorption, and the obtained purified gas is discharged;
(2) after the dehydration adsorption tower in the step (1) is saturated in adsorption, regenerating adsorbent by using regenerated gas passing through a cooling pipeline and a temperature regulator, cooling the dehydration adsorption tower by using cooling gas after regeneration is finished, and discharging the cooling gas to enter the temperature regulator;
(3) and (2) after the waste gas adsorption tower in the step (1) is saturated in adsorption, regenerating the adsorbent by using regenerated gas passing through a cooling pipeline and a temperature regulator, and carrying desorbed enriched waste gas with the regenerated gas for subsequent treatment.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the component of the high humidity industrial waste gas of step (1) comprises H2O and off-gas components;
preferably, the volume fraction of the water vapor in the high-humidity industrial waste gas is 3-5%;
preferably, the waste gas components in the high-humidity industrial waste gas comprise VOCs and H2S or HCN, or a combination of at least two of S and HCN.
7. The method according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the adsorbent filled in the dehydration adsorption tower in the step (1) comprises a 3A type molecular sieve and/or a 4A type molecular sieve;
preferably, at least three dehydration adsorption towers in the step (1) are arranged in parallel;
preferably, the temperature of the dehydration adsorption in the step (1) is 20-50 ℃;
preferably, the adsorption time of each dehydration adsorption tower in the step (1) is 2-6 h;
preferably, the adsorbent filled in the waste gas adsorption tower in the step (1) comprises any one of or a combination of at least two of an X-type molecular sieve, a Y-type molecular sieve, an A-type molecular sieve or a ZSM-type molecular sieve;
preferably, at least two waste gas adsorption towers in the step (1) are arranged in parallel;
preferably, the temperature for adsorbing the waste gas in the step (1) is 20-50 ℃;
preferably, the adsorption time of each waste gas adsorption tower in the step (1) is 5-30 days.
8. The process of any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the regeneration gas of step (2) comprises nitrogen and/or air;
preferably, the regeneration temperature of the adsorbent in the step (2) is 100-150 ℃;
preferably, the regeneration time of the adsorbent in the step (2) is 2-6 h;
preferably, the cooling gas of step (2) is the same as the regeneration gas;
preferably, the cooling time in the step (2) is 2-6 h.
9. The process of any one of claims 5-8, wherein the regeneration gas of step (3) comprises nitrogen and/or air;
preferably, the temperature for regenerating the adsorbent in the step (3) is 150-200 ℃;
preferably, the regeneration time of the adsorbent in the step (3) is 8-24 h;
preferably, after the adsorbent in the step (3) is regenerated, the off-gas adsorption tower is cooled.
10. Method according to any of claims 5-9, characterized in that the method comprises the steps of:
(1) the method comprises the steps that high-humidity industrial waste gas firstly enters a dehydration adsorption tower for dehydration adsorption, the volume fraction of water vapor in the high-humidity industrial waste gas is 3% -5%, the dehydration adsorption temperature is 20-50 ℃, the adsorption time of each dehydration adsorption tower is 2-6 hours, then the high-humidity industrial waste gas enters a waste gas adsorption tower for waste gas adsorption, the waste gas adsorption temperature is 20-50 ℃, the adsorption time of each waste gas adsorption tower is 5-30 days, and the obtained purified gas is discharged;
(2) after the dehydration adsorption tower in the step (1) is saturated in adsorption, regenerating the adsorbent by using regenerated gas passing through a cooling pipeline and a temperature regulator, wherein the regeneration temperature is 100-150 ℃, the regeneration time is 2-6 h, cooling the dehydration adsorption tower by using cooling gas after the regeneration is finished, the cooling time is 2-6 h, and the cooling gas is discharged and enters the temperature regulator;
(3) and (2) after the waste gas adsorption tower is saturated in adsorption, regenerating the adsorbent by using regenerated gas passing through a cooling pipeline and a temperature regulator, wherein the regeneration temperature of the adsorbent is 150-200 ℃, the regeneration time is 8-24 h, the waste gas adsorption tower is cooled after the adsorbent is regenerated, and the regenerated gas carries the desorbed enriched waste gas for subsequent treatment.
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