CN111249265B - α-酮短链二羧酸类物质在提高动物生殖能力中的应用 - Google Patents
α-酮短链二羧酸类物质在提高动物生殖能力中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了α‑酮短链二羧酸类物质在提高动物生殖能力中的应用。本发明提供了α‑酮短链二羧酸类物质的新应用，将其作为非营养性添加剂用于制备食品、药品或保健品等产品，能够显著的降低雄性动物的精子畸形率，减少睾丸空腔面积，提高动物生殖能力。本发明中的α‑酮短链二羧酸是动物体内三羧酸循环的中间代谢产物，使用后对动物健康无负面影响，能够在保证动物健康的前提下，达到提高动物生殖能力的目的。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于保健品和药品技术领域。具体地，涉及α-酮短链二羧酸类物质在提高动物生殖能力中的应用。
背景技术
动物随着年龄的增加，出现肌肉力量衰退、性功能障碍、记忆力减退等症状，Wemer将这些症状归为男性更年期综合征，其后又被Vermeulen更正为动物部分雄激素缺乏综合征，随着科学技术的发展，Morales又将其更正为迟发性性腺功能减退，这是随着雄性动物年龄增加而普遍发生的退行性现象，其特征为，随着年龄增长，雄性动物血清睾酮水平显著下降，随着衰老，机体将会出现一系列的异常，出现疾病或者不良反应，它们将会累积并且带来不可复原的伤害。
随着现代医学、运动医学、基础医学和生命科学等不断发展，如何治疗雄性动物因生殖衰老导致的生殖障碍、肌肉流失等成为了医学界一直研究的热点和难题。在各个学科里，针对不同的学科进行着许多不同领域的减缓生殖衰老，其研究成果在动物群中的运用也各自取得了不错的效果。
目前雄性动物生殖衰老的机制主要包括以下三种：下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴功能减退、自由基损伤学说、睾丸慢性炎症等学说。主流减缓生殖衰老的方式有药物手段和运动两种方式。减缓生殖衰老的药物有很多，例如睾酮。定期的体育锻炼可以提高动物的心肌收缩功能，有效的促进血液的循环和新陈代谢功能的增强。但是动物肌肉随着年龄的增加，流失程度逐渐加大，力量也随之减小。平衡能力和活动能力也随着年龄的增加而降低。
但是这两种抗衰老方式都存在明显的弊端。长期使用药物减缓生殖衰老或许会为身体带来新的副作用，而增加体育运动在实际操作中难以坚持、难以实现。
综上所述，目前减缓生殖衰老的手段主要是药物和运动，而在不长期吃药或是长期运动的情况下减缓生殖衰老，目前还没有很好的解决办法。有关α-酮短链二羧酸及其衍生物减缓生殖衰老的研究尚属空白，无相关技术报道。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是克服现有预防或治疗动物衰老方式的缺陷和不足，提供α-酮短链二羧酸类物质的一种新应用，即作为非营养性添加剂使用可减缓生殖衰老，主要表现为降低精子畸形率、降低动物睾丸曲细精管空腔面积，达到预防或治疗动物生殖能力低下的目的。
本发明上述目的通过以下技术方案实现：
一种α-酮短链二羧酸类物质在对抗动物生殖衰老的食品、药品或保健品方面的应用。一种α-酮短链二羧酸类物质在作为或制备降低睾丸曲细精管空腔面积、降低精子畸形率、增加生殖能力的产品方面的应用。
进一步的，所述α-酮短链二羧酸类物质包括α-酮短链二羧酸，其化学分子式为C4H4O5，结构式如式1所示，
进一步的，所述α-酮短链二羧酸类物质包括α-酮短链二羧酸盐。
进一步的，所述α-酮短链二羧酸类物质包括α-酮短链二羧酸的衍生物，所述α-酮短链二羧酸的衍生物包括α-酮戊二酸、丁二酸、富马酸、α-酮丁二酸二乙酯、α-酮戊二酸二甲酯、丁二酸二乙酯、α-酮丁二酸钙盐、α-酮戊二酸钙盐、精氨酸α-酮丁二酸、精氨酸α-酮戊二酸中的任一种。所述α-酮短链二羧酸的衍生物的结构式和化学分子式如下表所示。
本发明中，所述α-酮短链二羧酸类物质为短链α-酮短链二羧酸类物质，该短链α-酮短链二羧酸为动物体内脂肪酸ω氧化的正常代谢产物，使用后对动物健康并无负面影响，从而在保证动物健康的前提下，降低精子畸形率、降低动物睾丸曲细精管空腔面积，达到预防或治疗动物生殖能力低下的目的。
进一步的，所述α-酮短链二羧酸类物质在非营养性添加剂的添加量为日饮水量的1.5-3%。
进一步的，所述α-酮短链二羧酸类物质在食品、药品或保健品的最佳添加范围为0.2%-1%。
进一步的，所述α-酮短链二羧酸类物质的最佳动物用量范围为20-2000 mg/kg体重。
进一步的，所述α-酮短链二羧酸类物质的最佳每天用量范围为1-100 g/d。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下有益效果：
本发明提供了α-酮短链二羧酸类物质的新应用，将其作为非营养性添加剂用于制备食品、药品或保健品等产品，能够显著的降低动物的精子畸形率，减少睾丸空腔面积，提高动物生殖能力。本发明中的α-酮短链二羧酸是动物体内三羧酸循环的中间代谢产物，使用后对动物健康无负面影响，能够在保证动物健康的前提下，降低精子畸形率，提高生殖能力，具有良好的应用前景。
附图说明
图1为在饮水中添加α-酮短链二羧酸类物质对小鼠生长性能及器官指数；
图2饮水中添加α-酮短链二羧酸类物质对小鼠的血清睾酮、睾丸曲细精管发育和精子畸形率的影响；
图3为在饮水中添加α-酮短链二羧酸类物质对小鼠的怀孕率和产仔数；
图4为在饮水中添加α-酮短链二羧酸类物质对小鼠的精子总量增加率、精子密度增加率、精子活力增加率、精子畸形率的影响。
具体实施方式
以下结合说明书附图和具体实施例来进一步说明本发明，但实施例并不对本发明做任何形式的限定。除非特别说明，本发明采用的试剂、方法和设备为本技术领域常规试剂、方法和设备。除非特别说明，以下实施例所用试剂和材料均为市购。
实施例1
饮水添加α-酮短链二羧酸类物质对小鼠生长性能和生殖能力的影响
一、方法
为了研究α-酮短链二羧酸类物质对动物生长性能、体组成及减缓生殖衰老的效果，试验以C57BL/6J小鼠为研究对象，选取96只健康的12周龄雄性C57BL/6J小鼠（33±1g）经过预饲后分12组，单笼饲养。一组为空白对照组，饲喂正常水；其余11组为处理组，分别饲喂含有2% α-酮丁二酸；2%α-酮戊二酸；2% 丁二酸；2% 富马酸；2% α-酮丁二酸二乙酯；2%α-酮戊二酸二甲酯；2% 丁二酸二乙酯；2% α-酮丁二酸钙盐；2% α-酮戊二酸钙盐；2% 精氨酸α-酮丁二酸；2% 精氨酸α-酮戊二酸，11组试验用水pH值均调至7。小鼠均饲喂基础日粮，饲养期间自由饮水、采食及自然光照，每周记录小鼠的体重，试验4周后，采集小鼠血清、睾丸和精子涂片用于后续的分析。4周后选择适龄胎次相近母鼠180 只，小鼠按雌雄比例2：1合笼交配，4天后分笼，公鼠采样检测各器官指数、血清睾酮水平和精液品质，母鼠继续饲喂普通日粮和正常水，15 天和25 天后分别统计各组怀孕率和产仔数。
二、结果
试验结果如图1-3所示：
如图1所示，饮水添加2%的α-酮短链二羧酸类物质对小鼠体重、采食量、性腺器官重量及体组成均无显著影响，说明饮水添加α-酮短链二羧酸类物质对小鼠生长性能无显著影响。
如图2所示，饮水添加2%的α-酮短链二羧酸类物质可不同程度增加小鼠精液品质。主要表现在显著降低睾丸空腔面积、增加精子总数、降低精子畸形率。
如图3所示，饮水添加2%的α-酮短链二羧酸类物质可显著增加配种的母鼠怀孕率和产仔数。
实施例2
日粮添加α-酮短链二羧酸类物质对种公猪生殖能力的影响
一、方法
为了研究α-酮短链二羧酸类物质对种公猪生殖能力的影响，试验以适龄种公猪为研究对象，选取96头健康的种公猪经过预饲后分为12组，一组为空白对照组，饲喂普通日粮；其余11组为处理组，分别饲喂含有α-酮丁二酸；α-酮戊二酸；丁二酸；富马酸；α-酮丁二酸二乙酯；α-酮戊二酸二甲酯；丁二酸二乙酯；α-酮丁二酸钙盐；α-酮戊二酸钙盐；精氨酸α-酮丁二酸；精氨酸α-酮戊二酸的日粮，添加量均为0.2%。
试验前记录猪精液总量、精液活力、精液畸形率、精子密度，试验开始每周记录上述数据。
二、结果
如图4所知，日粮添加α-酮短链二羧酸类物质可显著增加种公猪精子总量和活力、降低精子畸形率。
上述实施例为本发明较佳的实施方式，但本发明的实施方式并不受上述实施例的限制，其他的任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化，均应为等效的置换方式，都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (1)
1.一种α-酮短链二羧酸类物质作为唯一活性成分在制备对抗雄性动物生殖衰老药物中的应用，其特征在于，所述α-酮短链二羧酸类物质是通过降低睾丸曲细精管空腔面积、降低精子畸形率、增加生殖能力达到所述效果；
所述α-酮短链二羧酸类物质包括α-酮短链二羧酸，其化学分子式为C4H4O5，结构式如式1所示，
所述α-酮短链二羧酸类物质包括α-酮短链二羧酸盐；
所述α-酮短链二羧酸类物质在非营养性添加剂的添加量为日饮水量的1.5-3％；
所述α-酮短链二羧酸类物质的最佳动物用量范围为20-2000mg/kg体重；
所述α-酮短链二羧酸类物质的最佳每天用量范围为1-100g/d。
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