CN111248259A - Fluid food sterilization device and method based on pulse electric field - Google Patents
Fluid food sterilization device and method based on pulse electric field Download PDFInfo
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- CN111248259A CN111248259A CN202010122230.0A CN202010122230A CN111248259A CN 111248259 A CN111248259 A CN 111248259A CN 202010122230 A CN202010122230 A CN 202010122230A CN 111248259 A CN111248259 A CN 111248259A
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- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
- A23C3/00—Preservation of milk or milk preparations
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Their preparation
- A23L2/42—Preservation of non-alcoholic beverages
- A23L2/50—Preservation of non-alcoholic beverages by irradiation or electric treatment without heating
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
Abstract
The device comprises a high-voltage end, a connector lug arranged on the top of the high-voltage end, and a plurality of steel pins vertically extending from the outer surface of the high-voltage end, wherein the high-voltage end is coaxially superposed with the central axis of the fluid food sterilization device, an outer wall is arranged around the high-voltage end as the axis and is connected with a ground electrode, an annular gap is formed between the outer wall and the high-voltage end, a first buffer tank is used for controllably introducing the fluid food into the annular gap at a flow rate, the first buffer tank is vertically and hermetically connected to a first side, close to the top, of the high-voltage end, a second buffer tank is used for controllably leading the fluid food out of the annular gap at a flow rate, the second buffer tank is vertically and hermetically connected to a second side opposite to the first side, and the first buffer tank and the second buffer tank seal the annular gap.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of non-thermal sterilization and preservation of fluid food, in particular to a fluid food sterilization device and method based on a pulse electric field.
Background
As the first major food industry country in the world, the food industry has become the most active 'new growth point' of national economy in China and 'new space' for developing modern agriculture. The beverage accounts for half a day of the food industry, and the quality, nutrition and quality safety of each person of every family are related, and the beverage is also a support industry for pulling internal demand, ensuring the livelihood, promoting the economic growth, greatly transforming agricultural products and increasing the income of farmers. The food safety and the nutritional quality are critical, and the analysis in the report of national food poisoning in 2017 shows that the bacterial poisoning accounts for more than 50%, so that the sterilization is the primary process in the food processing and production process, and the food safety is ensured through the sterilization. In the early development stage of laggard technical level, firstly, the safe drinking is ensured, and the loss of part of nutrition can be tolerated; with the gradual improvement of science and technology and living standard, on the premise of ensuring food safety, nowadays, more and more consumers are more favored to foods with convenience, high quality, natural flavor, mellow taste and fresh appearance, and higher requirements are also provided for obtaining the minimum processing of the foods.
At present, the sterilization process mainly takes thermal sterilization as a main process and is supplemented with chemical agent sterilization and ultraviolet sterilization. However, the original color, flavor, taste and shape of the food are easily damaged by heat treatment, and the loss of heat-sensitive substances and the loss of nutritional ingredients are caused. The latter two types belong to traditional non-heat treatment technologies, and chemical agent sterilization is mainly suitable for large-batch sterilization, but has the defects of more process parameters, difficult control and chemical substance residue, and most chemical substances contain carcinogenic substances and can threaten human health. Ultraviolet rays can kill various microorganisms without residual substances, but ultraviolet rays have low irradiation energy and weak penetrating power and can only kill microorganisms directly irradiated.
The pulsed electric field sterilization is one of the more frontier effective methods in non-thermal sterilization. It has the advantages of short sterilization time, low energy consumption, small medium temperature rise and the like. When the intensity of the pulse electric field is increased to a critical value, the permeability of the cell membrane is increased sharply, so that a perforation effect occurs and the membrane intensity is reduced. Meanwhile, the voltage of the pulse electric field fluctuates sharply in a very short time, and a vibration effect is generated on the membrane. The combined effect of the enlargement of the pores and the concussion effect causes the cells to collapse.
In recent years, patents and documents relating to sterilization and preservation of fluid food by using a pulsed electric field have been increasing year by year, but have various characteristics. For example, Zhou Jian gao et al provides a high-voltage pulse electric field sterilization system applied to sterilization of fluid food, which comprises a stainless steel pump, a filter and a metering valve, wherein the stainless steel pump is used for conveying materials, the filter is used for filtering the materials, and the metering valve is used for metering the materials, and the high-voltage pulse electric field sterilization system is used for sterilizing the beverages, thereby improving the shelf life of the traditional beverages. However, this apparatus has the disadvantage that the reaction structure is relatively complex and there is a high risk of failure if large-scale industrialization is carried out. Penghua, Kuang Pengpeng and the like design a household high-voltage pulse electric field sterilization device, which comprises a flip cover, a box body, an upper electrode plate, a lower electrode plate, a pulse electric field generation circuit, a power supply and other equipment, and aims to kill microorganisms in food, prolong the storage time of the food in the refrigerator, maintain the taste and flavor of the food, have small energy consumption, short time consumption, simple and convenient operation, easy maintenance and controllable cost, and belong to the technical field of food processing electric appliances for family kitchens. However, the device has the disadvantages that the actual conditions of the household use are not considered, the design has high requirements on household equipment, and other electric appliances can be affected, so that the safety problem is caused. Zhang Chang Li, Yangfang etc. people utilize high voltage pulse electric field sterilization processing apparatus, have solved the high cost of current high voltage pulse sterilization apparatus and the unreasonable problem of retort room structure to be applied to the fluid field of disinfecting. However, this apparatus has a disadvantage that the treatment chamber is a sealed rectangular parallelepiped space, and continuous flow treatment cannot be performed, which prevents large-scale industrialization.
The above information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background of the invention and therefore it may contain information that does not form the prior art that is well known to those of ordinary skill in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention aims to overcome the above drawbacks of the prior art and provide a device and a method for sterilizing fluid food based on a pulsed electric field, wherein the device can stably and continuously apply the pulsed electric field, and can continuously sterilize in cooperation with devices such as front and rear buffer tanks, thereby achieving good sterilization effect and high efficiency, and having great industrialization prospects.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
A fluid food sterilization device based on a pulse electric field comprises,
the axis of the high-pressure end coincides with the central axis of the fluid food sterilization device, the high-pressure end comprises a connector lug arranged at the top of the high-pressure end and a plurality of steel needles vertically extending from the outer surface of the high-pressure end,
a high-frequency pulse power supply which is electrically connected with the connector lug,
an outer wall which is arranged around the high-voltage end as an axis and is connected with the ground electrode, an annular gap is formed between the outer wall and the high-voltage end,
a first buffer tank for controllably introducing fluid food into the annular gap at a flow rate, the first buffer tank being vertically and hermetically connected to a first side of the high-pressure end near the top,
a second buffer tank controllably fluidly directing the comestible fluid out of the annular gap, the second buffer tank being vertically hermetically attached to a second side opposite the first side, the first and second buffer tanks sealing the annular gap.
In the fluid food sterilization device based on the pulse electric field, the connector lug is detachably connected with the high-voltage end.
In the fluid food sterilization device based on the pulse electric field, the steel needles are uniformly distributed on the side surface of the high-voltage end, the distance between the two steel needles is larger than the radius of the high-voltage end, and the length of the steel needle is smaller than the radius of the high-voltage end.
In the fluid food sterilization device based on the pulse electric field, the radius of a high-voltage end shaft is 2.5mm, and the outer diameter of the outer wall is 5 mm.
In the fluid food sterilization device based on the pulse electric field, the soft electrode is attached to the outer wall and grounded.
In the fluid food sterilization device based on the pulse electric field, the high-voltage end and the outer wall of the reactor are both made of stainless steel materials.
In the fluid food sterilization device based on the pulse electric field, the rising edge and the pulse width of the high-frequency pulse power supply are adjustable, and the voltage amplitude is 5kV-15 kV.
In the fluid food sterilization device based on the pulsed electric field, the high-voltage end is in threaded connection with the first buffer tank and the second buffer tank through the gasket.
In the fluid food sterilization device based on the pulsed electric field, the flow rate of the first buffer tank is not greater than that of the second buffer tank.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a sterilization method of the fluid food sterilization device based on the pulsed electric field comprises the following steps,
a first buffer tank flow rate controllably introduces comestible fluid into the annular gap,
the high-voltage end and the outer wall form a pulse electric field between the annular gaps, the pulse electric field acts on the fluid food in the annular gaps,
a second buffer tank flow rate controllably directs comestible fluid out of the annular gap.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention has better treatment effect, faster speed, more thorough sterilization, cleaner product and much lower nutrition loss and energy consumption than the prior art; compared with the conventional PEF treatment generator, the treatment cavity has larger volume and higher treatment efficiency; the two ends can be opened for pressurization, so that the device has the capability of treating flowing fluid and supports continuous sterilization at different flow rates; and the sterilization pipeline can be extended or arranged according to industrial requirements by adopting a coaxial structure. The treatment process is carried out at normal temperature and normal pressure, high-temperature cooking equipment is not needed, the treatment time is short, the speed is high, the sterilization effect is good, the laying and the length of the pipeline can be determined according to the production demand, and the large-area industrialization is facilitated. The whole body of the invention is made of stainless steel and is connected by threads, and the treatment system is corrosion-resistant, has good sealing performance and is convenient to install and disassemble. When in use, the pipeline is filled with fluid food such as fruit juice, milk and the like, and the pressure of the buffer tank can be controlled according to industrial requirements so as to control the flow rate.
The above description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to make the technical means of the present invention more clearly apparent, and to make the implementation of the content of the description possible for those skilled in the art, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious, the following description is given by way of example of the specific embodiments of the present invention.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits of the present invention will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. It is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort. Also, like parts are designated by like reference numerals throughout the drawings.
In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a pulsed electric field-based sterilization device for fluid food according to the present invention.
The invention is further explained below with reference to the figures and examples.
Detailed Description
A specific embodiment of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to fig. 1. While specific embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
It should be noted that certain terms are used throughout the description and claims to refer to particular components. As one skilled in the art will appreciate, various names may be used to refer to a component. This specification and claims do not intend to distinguish between components that differ in name but not function. In the following description and in the claims, the terms "include" and "comprise" are used in an open-ended fashion, and thus should be interpreted to mean "include, but not limited to. The description which follows is a preferred embodiment of the invention, but is made for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the invention and not for the purpose of limiting the scope of the invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.
For the purpose of facilitating understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, the following description will be made by taking specific embodiments as examples with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the drawings are not to be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention.
For better understanding, as shown in fig. 1, a fluid food sterilization device based on a pulsed electric field includes,
the high-pressure end 1, the axis of which coincides with the central axis of the fluid food sterilization device, comprises a connector lug 6 arranged at the top of the high-pressure end 1 and a plurality of steel pins 5 vertically extending from the outer surface of the high-pressure end 1,
a high-frequency pulse power supply which is electrically connected with the connector lug 6,
an outer wall 2 which is arranged around the high-voltage end 1 as an axis, the outer wall 2 is connected with a ground electrode, an annular gap is formed between the outer wall 2 and the high-voltage end 1,
a first buffer tank 4, the flow rate of which can controllably lead the fluid food into the annular gap, wherein the first buffer tank 4 is vertically connected with a first side of the high-pressure end 1 close to the top in a sealing way,
a second buffer tank 3 with a flow rate controllable to guide the liquid food out of the annular gap, the second buffer tank 3 being vertically and hermetically connected to a second side opposite to the first side, the first buffer tank 4 and the second buffer tank 3 sealing the annular gap.
In the preferred embodiment of the fluid food sterilization device based on the pulsed electric field, the connector lug 6 is detachably connected with the high-voltage terminal 1.
In the preferred embodiment of the fluid food sterilization device based on the pulsed electric field, the steel needles 5 are uniformly distributed on the side surface of the high-voltage end 1, the distance between the two steel needles 5 is larger than the radius of the high-voltage end 1, and the length of the steel needle 5 is smaller than the radius of the high-voltage end 1.
In the preferred embodiment of the fluid food sterilization device based on the pulsed electric field, the radius of the high-voltage end shaft can be 1.5-3mm, and the outer diameter of the outer wall is 4.5-5.5 mm.
In the preferred embodiment of the fluid food sterilization device based on the pulsed electric field, the outer wall 2 is attached with a soft electrode and grounded.
In the preferred embodiment of the fluid food sterilization device based on the pulsed electric field, the high-voltage end 1 and the reactor outer wall 2 are both made of stainless steel materials.
In the preferred embodiment of the fluid food sterilization device based on the pulsed electric field, the rising edge and the pulse width of the high-frequency pulse power supply are adjustable, and the voltage amplitude is 5kV-15 kV.
In the preferred embodiment of the device for sterilizing liquid food based on pulsed electric field, the high-voltage end 1 is connected with the first buffer tank 4 and the second buffer tank 3 through a gasket in a threaded manner.
In the preferred embodiment of the device for sterilizing fluid food based on pulsed electric field, the flow rate of the first buffer tank 4 is not greater than that of the second buffer tank 3.
To further understand the invention, in one embodiment the device comprises a central shaft high voltage end 1 running through the entire disposer, the high voltage end 1 extending a height above the top for external connection to a high voltage power supply. The wall of the stainless steel tube is pasted with a soft electrode for grounding.
The invention is further improved in that the fluid food is sterilized by adopting a pulse electric field. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages of better sterilization effect, higher efficiency, less nutrient loss and lower cost.
The invention has the further improvement that a coaxial structure is adopted, the high-voltage end 1 is arranged at the axis position, and can extend for a long distance, thus being suitable for large-scale industrial application.
The invention has the further improvement that a plurality of steel needles 5 extend out of the high-voltage end 1, so that the electric field distribution can be greatly distorted, and the treatment effect is improved.
The invention is further improved in that the radius of the shaft of the high-pressure end 1 is 2.5mm, and the extending part is convenient to detach.
The invention has the further improvement that the outer diameter of the pulse electric field generator is 5mm, the difference between the inner diameter and the outer diameter is 2.5mm, the volume of the filled fluid is increased, and the treatment efficiency is higher.
The invention is further improved in that the coaxial structure is matched with the buffer tanks connected at two sides, so that the fluid food can flow rapidly in the inner part, and the treatment efficiency is improved extremely.
The invention is further improved in that the high-pressure end 1 and the outer wall 2 of the reactor are made of stainless steel materials, so that the high-pressure end has excellent corrosion resistance and is convenient to apply in large-scale industrial occasions for a long time.
The invention is further improved in that all the connections of the structure are fixed by threads and sealed by a fluororubber sealing ring. The loading and unloading are convenient, and the sealing effect is good.
The invention has the further improvement that the high-voltage power supply is a high-frequency pulse power supply, and the adjustable parameters of the rising edge and the pulse width are wider.
The invention is further improved in that the voltage amplitude of the high-voltage power supply is 5kV-15 kV.
In one embodiment, the liquid food such as bacteria liquid or fruit juice to be treated, milk and the like is injected into the annular gap, after the annular gap is filled, a gasket is placed and screws are tightened, the high-voltage end 1 is connected with a pulse power supply, the outer wall 2 is connected with a ground electrode, high-frequency pulses are applied, and the treatment is started.
If continuous flow treatment is needed, two buffer tanks are connected at two sides, fluid food such as fruit juice, milk and the like are filled in the pipeline according to the buffer principle, and the pressure of the buffer tanks is controlled according to industrial requirements so as to control the flow rate.
According to the requirement of food processing, the high-voltage pulse power supply provides an external application voltage with the amplitude of 5kV-15kV, the sterilization effect can be generated according to different effects, the processing is noiseless, the effect is good, the speed is high, and the nutrition loss is far less than that of the prior art. According to the actual requirement, the length of the processing pipeline can be increased or the laying mode and the laying position of the pipeline can be changed, the discharge power of the whole device is small, and the national requirement is met.
The sterilization method of the fluid food sterilization device based on the pulsed electric field comprises the following steps,
the first buffer tank 4 controllably introduces the fluid food into said annular gap at a flow rate,
the high voltage end 1 and the outer wall 2 form a pulse electric field between the annular gap, the pulse electric field acts on the fluid food in the annular gap,
the second buffer tank 3 is flow-rate controllable to conduct the comestible fluid out of said annular gap.
Industrial applicability
The fluid food sterilization device and the method based on the pulse electric field can be manufactured and used in the field of sterilization and preservation.
The foregoing describes the general principles of the present application in conjunction with specific embodiments, however, it is noted that the advantages, effects, etc. mentioned in the present application are merely examples and are not limiting, and they should not be considered essential to the various embodiments of the present application. Furthermore, the foregoing disclosure of specific details is for the purpose of illustration and description and is not intended to be limiting, since the foregoing disclosure is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the disclosure to the precise details disclosed.
The foregoing description has been presented for purposes of illustration and description. Furthermore, the description is not intended to limit embodiments of the application to the form disclosed herein. While a number of example aspects and embodiments have been discussed above, those of skill in the art will recognize certain variations, modifications, alterations, additions and sub-combinations thereof.
Claims (10)
1. A fluid food sterilization device based on a pulse electric field comprises,
the axis of the high-pressure end is superposed with the central axis of the fluid food sterilization device, the high-pressure end comprises a connector lug arranged at the top of the high-pressure end and a plurality of steel pins vertically extending from the outer surface of the high-pressure end,
a high-frequency pulse power supply which is electrically connected with the connector lug,
an outer wall which is arranged around the high-voltage end as an axis and is connected with the ground electrode, an annular gap is formed between the outer wall and the high-voltage end,
a first buffer tank for controllably introducing fluid food into the annular gap at a flow rate, the first buffer tank being vertically and hermetically connected to a first side of the high-pressure end near the top,
a second buffer tank controllably fluidly directing the comestible fluid out of the annular gap, the second buffer tank being vertically hermetically attached to a second side opposite the first side, the first and second buffer tanks sealing the annular gap.
2. The pulsed electric field-based sterilizer of claim 1, wherein preferably, said terminal is detachably connected to said high voltage terminal.
3. The sterilization apparatus for liquid food based on pulsed electric field according to claim 1, wherein the steel needles are uniformly distributed on the side surface of the high voltage end, the distance between the two steel needles is larger than the radius of the high voltage end, and the length of the steel needle is smaller than the radius of the high voltage end.
4. The sterilizer for fluid food based on pulsed electric field according to claim 1, wherein the radius of the high voltage end axis is 1.5-3mm and the outer diameter of the outer wall is 4.5-5.5 mm.
5. The apparatus for sterilizing fluid food based on pulsed electric field according to claim 1, wherein the outer wall is grounded by a soft electrode.
6. The pulsed electric field-based sterilization device for fluid food according to claim 1, wherein the high voltage terminal and the outer wall of the reactor are made of stainless steel.
7. The sterilization apparatus for fluid food based on pulsed electric field according to claim 1, wherein the high frequency pulse power source has adjustable rising edge and pulse width, and the voltage amplitude is 5kV-15 kV.
8. The pulsed electric field-based sterilizer of claim 1, wherein the high voltage end is threadedly coupled to the first buffer tank and the second buffer tank via a gasket.
9. The apparatus for sterilizing fluid food based on pulsed electric field of claim 1, wherein the flow rate of the first buffer tank is not greater than the flow rate of the second buffer tank.
10. A sterilization method of the fluid food sterilization device based on pulsed electric field according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the following steps,
a first buffer tank flow rate controllably introduces comestible fluid into the annular gap,
the high-voltage end and the outer wall form a pulse electric field between the annular gaps, the pulse electric field acts on the fluid food in the annular gaps,
a second buffer tank flow rate controllably directs comestible fluid out of the annular gap.
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| CN112237254A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-01-19 | 江苏大学 | Method for pretreating fried fruit and vegetable crisp chips based on high-voltage pulse electric field device |
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