CN111247024B - Modular charging system and method for automatically charging an electric vehicle - Google Patents

Modular charging system and method for automatically charging an electric vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111247024B
CN111247024B CN201780096090.0A CN201780096090A CN111247024B CN 111247024 B CN111247024 B CN 111247024B CN 201780096090 A CN201780096090 A CN 201780096090A CN 111247024 B CN111247024 B CN 111247024B
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charging
charge
automated
unit
storage device
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CN111247024A (en
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S·卡拉布鲁恩
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Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
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Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/68—Off-site monitoring or control, e.g. remote control
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/65—Monitoring or controlling charging stations involving identification of vehicles or their battery types
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/66—Data transfer between charging stations and vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/67—Controlling two or more charging stations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/167—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S30/00—Systems supporting specific end-user applications in the sector of transportation
    • Y04S30/10—Systems supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles
    • Y04S30/12—Remote or cooperative charging
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S30/00—Systems supporting specific end-user applications in the sector of transportation
    • Y04S30/10—Systems supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles
    • Y04S30/14—Details associated with the interoperability, e.g. vehicle recognition, authentication, identification or billing

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

A modular charging system for automatically charging an electrical energy storage device of an electric vehicle in a parking facility, comprising: at least one automated charging unit comprising a first power storage; a plurality of automated energy units, each comprising a second power reservoir, the first and second power reservoirs for storing electrical current. The charging system comprises a back-end server designed for: receiving a charge request for an electric vehicle, including location data and charge data; requesting an automated charging unit to move to an electric vehicle according to the location data, the automated charging unit to connect the first power storage with the electrical energy storage device and to charge the electrical energy storage device; determining the number of required automated energy units from the charge data; and requesting the determined number of automated energy units to move to an automated charging unit, the automated energy units to be coupled to the automated charging unit to cause charging of the electrical energy storage device.

Description

Modular charging system and method for automatically charging an electric vehicle
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to a modular charging system and method for automatically charging an electric vehicle in a parking facility.
Background
Electric vehicles are known, such as electrically operated two-wheelers, scooters and motor vehicles, but also partially electrically operated motor vehicles. A partially electrically operated vehicle is a vehicle with a hybrid drive, which in addition to an electric machine comprises a further energy converter, typically a conventional internal combustion engine. Hybrid drive concepts may be categorized according to their system architecture (serial, parallel, or power split hybrid), but also according to the ratio of electrical power (micro hybrid, mid hybrid, full hybrid, or range extender). Plug-in hybrid vehicles (plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, PHEVs) are an extension of this hybrid technology. In particular, they enable further reductions in fuel consumption because their electrical energy storage devices can no longer be charged (only) through existing internal combustion engines and/or energy recovery, but rather via the power supply system.
Disclosure of Invention
It is an object of the present disclosure to provide a solution enabling a flexible, efficient and automatic implementation of the charging process of an electric vehicle in a parking facility.
According to the present disclosure, this object is achieved by the features according to the invention. The preferred embodiment is according to the technical scheme of the invention.
The above object is achieved by a modular charging system for automatically charging an electrical energy storage device in a parking facility, the modular charging system comprising:
at least one automated charging unit having a power storage;
a plurality of automated energy units, each automated energy unit having a power storage, wherein the power storage is configured to store a predeterminable amount of current;
at least one backend server designed for
-receiving a charge request for the electric vehicle, wherein the charge request comprises location data and charge data;
-requesting the automated charging unit to move to the electric vehicle according to the received position data, wherein the automated charging unit is designed for connecting the power storage with the electrical energy storage device and charging the electrical energy storage device;
-determining the number of automated energy units required according to the charge data in order to charge the electrical energy storage device; and is also provided with
-requesting the determined number of automated energy units to be moved to the automated charging unit, wherein the automated energy units are designed for coupling to the automated charging unit or to another automated energy unit so that the power storage can charge the electrical energy storage device.
The term "electric vehicle" refers in particular to cars, trucks, buses, recreational vehicles, motorcycles, etc., which have a purely electric drive or are plug-in hybrid.
The back-end server is a central data pool and may include computing devices and storage devices, such as databases, in which data may be centrally or centrally controlled and stored, managed and processed outside the vehicle. It may be desirable for the user of each electric vehicle to first perform a one-time registration of the electric vehicle on the back-end server (e.g., establish an appropriate account). The one-time registration may include storage of an appropriate vehicle identification number (ID).
The parking facility may be, for example, a parking garage, a parking space or a facility providing other parking lots or parking possibilities, or any combination thereof.
The electric vehicle may include a communication unit. The communication unit is capable of establishing a communication link with other communication participants (e.g., other vehicles, backend servers, etc.). The communication unit may comprise a participant identity module or a subscriber identity module or a SIM card for establishing a communication link via the mobile radio system. The participant identity module uniquely identifies a communication unit in the mobile radio network. The communication link may be a data link (e.g., packet switched) and/or a wired communication link (e.g., circuit switched). In addition, wireless communication links (e.g., wireless fidelity (WiFi), wireless LAN, etc.) via other conventional and future technologies (e.g., local Area Network (LAN)) may be established with other communication participants via the communication unit. Any communication between the electric vehicle and the other communication participants may take place via the communication unit.
The automated charging unit and the automated energy unit may be self-driven or autonomously driven robotic units designed for automatic movement in a parking facility. The charging unit and the energy unit may each include a communication unit corresponding to the above-described communication unit of the electric vehicle. Each automated charging unit and each automated energy unit may include a power storage. The power storage is designed to store a predefinable or predefinable quantity of electrical energy and then to output said electrical energy. The charging unit and the energy unit are thus mobile charging stations or mobile charging robots.
In a first step, a backend server may receive a charge request for the electric vehicle. The charge request may include location data and charge data of the vehicle.
The location data may include data for a geographic location that may be collected through the use of a navigation satellite system. The navigation satellite system may be any conventional or future global navigation satellite system or GNSS for position determination and navigation by receiving signals from navigation satellites and/or pseudolites. For example, it may be the Global Positioning System (GPS), the global navigation satellite system (GLONASS), the galileo system, the positioning system and/or the beidou navigation satellite system. In the case of GPS, for example, an electric vehicle or mobile terminal may include a GPS module designed and/or configured to determine actual GPS location data of the electric vehicle or mobile terminal.
Additionally or alternatively thereto, the location data may comprise a location of a digital map of the parking facility, wherein the location data may be identified and/or detected by the electric vehicle. The back-end server and/or the electric vehicle may have the digital parking facility stored in the storage unit. This is particularly advantageous in parking yards and garages where wireless communication is not available or cannot cover all areas. In another example, the parking request may include a unique identification number of the parking space occupied by the electric vehicle. The unique identification may be readable or posted on each parking space in a readable manner in the form of a QR code, for example.
The charging data may comprise technical charging data of the electric vehicle, such as a type of charging possibility of the energy storage device (e.g. required type of charging cable according to IEC 62196 or DIN standard DIN EN 62196, inductive charging, etc.). In addition, the technical charge data may include a charge capacity of the energy storage device and/or an actual state of charge of the energy storage device.
The charging request may be in the form of a request or query in the sense of a client-server paradigm, for example, transmitted to the back-end server.
In a next step, the backend server may request an automated charging unit to move to the vehicle according to the received location data. For example, the backend server may send or transmit a message or request to autonomously move to the vehicle via the communication unit. The message may include location data and/or technical data received from the vehicle.
The coupling or connection of the power storage and the electrical energy storage device may be of a type that differs from each other, in particular depending on the charging possibilities of the electrical energy storage device. The coupling unit of the charging unit may be designed and/or configured to electromagnetically connect the power storage with the electrical energy storage device. This can be achieved if the technical parameters of the charge data include that the electrical energy storage device can be inductively charged. Additionally or alternatively thereto, the actuator unit of the charging unit may be designed and/or configured to connect the power reservoir with the power supply by means of a suitable charging cable. In this case, the actuator unit may comprise an articulated arm and may thus be an articulated arm robot. In this case, the articulated arm robot may comprise a sensor unit which allows the articulated arm robot to connect the power reservoir with the electrical energy storage device via the plug unit of the charging cable. The sensor unit may comprise, for example, one or more force sensors and/or one or more torque sensors. The sensor may be mounted on the actuator unit such that it can connect the power storage with the electrical energy storage device in a manner known in the art. The selection of the plug type may be based on charging data, in which case the charging data comprises the desired type of charging cable. The automated charging unit may be designed to establish a connection of the power storage device to all conventional electrical energy storage devices depending on their charging possibilities or charge capacities. In another example, the charging system may comprise a plurality of different automated charging units, wherein at least one charging unit has the type of connection required to charge each conventional or future electrical energy storage device.
The automated charging unit may connect the power storage with the electrical energy storage device and charge the electrical energy storage device.
In a next step, the backend server may determine the number of automated energy units needed according to the charge data to charge the electrical energy storage device. As described above, each power reservoir may store a predeterminable or predetermined amount of energy. The predetermined amount may be stored in a storage unit of the back-end server. As described above, the charge data of the charge request may include a charge capacity of the energy storage device and an actual state of charge of the energy storage device. From these data, the back-end server may determine the number of automated energy units needed to fully charge the energy storage device or to charge the energy storage device based on the received charge data. For example, the technical charge data may include a charge amount desired by a user of the electric vehicle and/or a planned departure time and/or a next destination. These parameters can be correspondingly taken into account when determining the number of automation energy units. The amount of current stored in the automated charging unit or its power storage is also considered.
In a next step, the backend server requests the determined number of automated energy units to move to an automated charging unit. For example, the backend server may send or transmit a message or request to autonomously move to the vehicle via the communication unit. The message may also include location data received from the vehicle. The request may also include coupling with the automated charging unit in such a way that the power storage of each energy unit may charge the electrical energy storage device.
Advantageously, a modular and mobile charging system is thus provided, wherein a mobile charging robot of the charging type suitable for electric vehicles is applied in a parking facility. Because for the modularization of each electric vehicle only a predetermined amount of the stored electrical energy required for the respective charging process is provided to the electric vehicle to be charged.
Preferably, the charge request is automatically transmitted from the electric vehicle to the back-end server when the state of charge of the electrical energy storage device falls below a predefinable or predefinable charge amount.
For example, in a suitable memory unit may be stored: the predefined state of charge reaches 50% of the charge capacity of the electrical energy storage device (or any other suitable state of charge). The computing unit of the electric vehicle may ascertain that the electric vehicle is located on or enters the parking facility, for example, based on the actual geographical location or in any other suitable manner. The calculation unit can now check whether the actual state of charge of the energy storage device falls below a predefined state of charge. If this is the case, the electric vehicle may automatically transmit a charge request to the backend server. The predefined state of charge may be modified at any time by a user of the vehicle via an input and output unit in the vehicle and/or via the mobile terminal.
Advantageously, unintentional forgetting of the charging process is thus avoided.
Preferably, the charging request may be transmitted to the backend server via the mobile terminal.
A mobile terminal is a device that is capable of wireless communication in a mobile network via a Local Area Network (LAN), such as wireless fidelity (WiFi), or via a Wide Area Network (WAN), such as global system for mobile communications (GSM), general Packet Radio Service (GPRS), enhanced data rates for global evolution (EDGE), universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), high speed downlink/uplink packet access (HSDPA, HSUPA), long Term Evolution (LTE), or Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WIMAX). Communication via other conventional or future communication technologies is possible. The term mobile terminal includes in particular smart phones, but also other mobile or cellular phones, personal Digital Assistants (PDAs), tablet PCs, and all conventional and future electronic devices equipped with technology for running internet browsers and/or loading and running applications.
The mobile terminal may be linked with the electric vehicle or a user of the electric vehicle via a server, e.g. a backend server, by means of a suitable authentication method determined previously. As authentication methods, all conventional and future authentication methods are considered, such as any combination of knowledge (e.g. user name and password, PIN, security issues, etc.), personal items (e.g. SIM card, certificate, smart card), biometrics (e.g. fingerprint, facial recognition), and individual authentication methods. Advantageously, the charging request may thus be transmitted by the user of the electric vehicle to the backend server independently of his geographical location. This improves the operability and flexibility of the charging system.
Preferably, each automation energy unit is configured for: when the power storage is discharged, it is decoupled during charging of the electrical energy storage device and moved to the power source for recharging the power storage.
The power source may be a commercial home outlet or safety plug outlet, a wall charging station or wall box, or a single charging peg or charging peg of a charging station.
As already explained above, the automation energy unit may be coupled to the automation charging unit or to another automation energy unit, so that all power storages may charge the electrical energy storage device. After coupling, the power storage of the last coupled automation energy unit may be discharged first. When the power reservoir is discharged, the automated energy unit may automatically move to the energy source or current source and the next power reservoir for charging the energy storage device is used, as described in more detail below with reference to fig. 3A-3E. Advantageously, the second power reservoir 148 of the automation energy unit 140 can thus be charged and can be used more quickly for the next charging process.
According to a second aspect, the object is achieved by a method for modularly and automatically charging an electrical energy storage device of an electric vehicle in a parking facility, the method comprising:
Receiving a charge request for charging the electric vehicle, wherein the charge request includes location data and charge data;
requesting an automated charging unit to move to the electric vehicle according to the location data, the automated charging unit comprising a power storage configured for storing a predefinable amount of current;
determining a number of automation energy units needed to charge the electrical energy storage device corresponding to the charge data, wherein each automation energy unit comprises a power storage configured to store a predefinable amount of current;
requesting the determined number of automated energy units to be moved to the electric vehicle in accordance with the position data, wherein the automated energy units are designed for coupling to an automated charging unit or to another automated energy unit, such that the power storage can charge the electrical energy storage device; and is also provided with
And charging the electric energy storage device according to the charge data.
Preferably, the charge request is automatically transmitted from the electric vehicle to the back-end server when the state of charge of the electrical energy storage device falls below a predefinable or predefinable charge amount.
Preferably, the charging request is transmitted to the backend server via the mobile terminal.
Preferably, each automation energy unit is designed for: when the power storage is discharged, it is decoupled during charging of the electrical energy storage device and moved to the power source in order to recharge the power storage.
These and other objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure are exemplified by the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments and the study of the drawings. It is to be understood that although the embodiments are described separately, individual features thereof may be combined to form additional embodiments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary modular charging system for automatically charging an electrical energy storage device of an electric vehicle in a parking facility;
FIG. 2 schematically illustrates three exemplary modular automated charging scenarios;
3A-3E illustrate a schematic sequence of a modular automated charging scenario;
fig. 4 shows a flow chart illustrating a method for modularly and automatically charging an electrical energy storage device of an electric vehicle in a parking facility.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 shows an exemplary modular charging system 100 for automatically charging an electrical energy storage device 118 of an electric vehicle 110 in a parking facility. Charging system 100 is designed and/or configured to implement a method 300 for modularly, automatically charging an electrical energy storage 118 of an electric vehicle 110. An exemplary implementation of the charging process performed by the charging system 100 is described in more detail with reference to fig. 2 and 3A-3E. The method 300 is illustrated in more detail by way of example with reference to fig. 4.
The term electric vehicle 110 includes in particular a passenger car (PKW), a truck (LKW), a bus, a recreational vehicle, a motorcycle, etc., with a purely electric drive or as a plug-in hybrid vehicle. Electric vehicle 110 may include a communication unit 112 capable of establishing a communication link with other communication participants (e.g., backend server 120). Each communication with the vehicle 110 may be performed via the communication unit 112.
The parking facility (not shown) may be, for example, a parking garage, a parking lot or a facility providing any other parking space or parking possibility or any combination thereof.
The charging system 100 includes at least one backend server 120. The back-end server 120 is a central data pool and may include computing devices (not shown) and memory devices 125 (e.g., databases). By means of the memory device 125, the data can be centrally or centrally controlled and stored, managed and processed outside the vehicle. It may be desirable for the user 152 of each electric vehicle 110 to first perform a one-time registration (e.g., setting up an appropriate account) of the electric vehicle 110 on the back-end server 120. The one-time registration may include storage of a suitable vehicle identification number (ID) and other parameters described below.
The charging system 100 includes at least one automated charging unit 130. The automated charging unit 130 may be a self-driven or autonomous robotic unit 130 configured for automatically moving in a parking facility. The charging unit 130 may include a communication unit 132 corresponding to the communication unit 112 of the electric vehicle 110. The automated charging unit 130 comprises a first power storage 138 configured for storing a predefinable or predefinable quantity of electrical energy and outputting said electrical energy again. The charging unit 130 is thus a mobile charging station or mobile charging robot 130. Each automation unit 130 may be required to be registered once at the backend server 120 first. At the same time, at least one suitable unique identification number may be stored in the memory unit 125 of the back-end server 120. In addition, the charge capacity of the first power reservoir 138 and, if present, the type of actuator unit 136 (e.g., an articulated arm, see below) and/or the presence of the coupling unit 135 may be stored. As described in more detail below, the automated charging unit 130 may include a coupling unit 135 and/or an actuator unit 136 configured to connect and charge the first power reservoir 138 with the electrical energy storage device 118 of the vehicle 110.
The charging system 100 includes a plurality of automated energy units 140. Each energy unit 140 includes a communication unit 142 that corresponds to communication unit 112 of vehicle 110. Each energy unit 140 comprises a second power reservoir 148, which second power reservoir 148 is designed for storing a predefinable or predefinable quantity of electrical energy and for outputting said electrical energy again. The energy unit 140 is a mobile charging station or mobile charging robot 140 configured for coupling to the automated charging unit 130 or another automated energy unit 140 by means of a coupling unit 145, such that the electrical energy in the second power storage 148 can be used for charging the electrical energy storage 118 of the electric vehicle 110. It may be desirable for each automation energy unit 140 to be registered once at the backend server 120 first. At the same time, at least one suitable unique identification number may be stored in the memory unit 125 of the back-end server 120. In addition, the charge capacity of the first power storage 138 may be stored in the memory unit 125. The automated charging unit 140 may be designed and/or configured to notify the backend server 120 via the communication unit 142 when charging the second power store 148.
Back-end server 120 may receive a charge request for electric vehicle 110 in a first step 310. When the state of charge of electrical energy storage device 118 falls below a predefinable or predetermined charge amount, a charge request may be automatically transmitted from electric vehicle 110 to back-end server 120. For example, the predefined state of charge may be stored in a suitable memory unit in the vehicle (not shown) in such a way that the predefined state of charge reaches 50% of the charge capacity of the electrical energy storage device 118. The computing unit (e.g., control unit 114 of electric vehicle 110) may ascertain that the vehicle is located on or in or entering the parking facility, for example, based on the current geographic location (see below) or in any other suitable manner. The computing unit 114 may then estimate whether the current state of charge of the energy storage device 118 falls below a predefined state of charge. The actual state of charge of the energy storage device 118 is stored in a suitable memory unit in the conventional electric vehicle 110 and displayed to the user 145. If it falls below a predefined state of charge, electric vehicle 110 may automatically generate a charge request and transmit the charge request to back-end server 120 via communication unit 112. Advantageously, unintentional forgetting of the charging process is thereby avoided.
Additionally or alternatively thereto, a user 152 of the vehicle 110 (e.g., an owner, an authorized driver, etc.) may manually communicate the charge request to the back-end server 120 via a suitable input and output unit 116, such as an infotainment system of the electric vehicle 110.
Further, additionally or alternatively thereto, the user 152 of the vehicle may transmit the charging request to the backend server 120 via the mobile terminal 150. The mobile terminal 150 may be linked to the electric vehicle 110 or a user 152 of the electric vehicle 110 by means of a server, such as the back-end server 120, by means of a suitable authentication method as previously determined. Advantageously, the charge request may thus be transmitted by the user 152 of the electric vehicle 110 to the backend server 120 independent of his geographic location. This improves the operability and flexibility of the charging system 110.
The charge request includes location data and charge data. The location data may include data about geographic locations that may be acquired with the aid of a navigation satellite system. In the case of GPS, for example, the electric vehicle 10 and/or the mobile terminal 150 may include a GPS module configured and/or designed to determine current GPS location data of the electric vehicle 110 or the mobile terminal 150 and to communicate the location data to the control unit 114 of the electric vehicle if desired.
Additionally or alternatively thereto, the location data may include data regarding the location of a digital map of the parking facility, which may be identified and/or detected by the electric vehicle 110 (e.g., read in via a camera). The back-end server 120 and/or the electric vehicle 110 may have stored a digital map of the parking facility in the storage unit 125. This is particularly advantageous in parking yards and garages where wireless communication is not available or cannot cover all areas. In a further example, the parking request may include a unique identification number of the parking space occupied by electric vehicle 110. The unique identification may be posted at each parking space of the parking facility, for example, in a readable manner or in the form of a QR code.
The charge data may include technical charge data of the electric vehicle 110, for example, one type of charge possibility of the electric energy storage device 118 (e.g., a desired type of charging cable according to IEC 62196 or DIN standard DIN EN 62196, inductive charging, etc.). Additionally or alternatively thereto, the technical charge data may include a charge capacity of the energy storage device 118 and/or a current state of charge of the energy storage device 118.
The charge request may be transmitted to the back-end server 120, for example in the form of a request or query in the sense of a client-server paradigm.
After receiving the charge request, the backend server 120 may estimate the charge request by means of the computing unit and, in a next step 320, request the automated charging unit 140 to enter or move to the electric vehicle 110 corresponding to the received location data. The automated charging unit 130 may comprise a control unit 133 configured for autonomously moving the charging unit 130 to a position corresponding to the position data in a manner known in the art. As already explained above, the automated charging unit 130 is designed for connecting the first power reservoir 138 with the electrical energy storage device 118 of the electric vehicle 110 and recharging the power reservoir. The automated charging unit 130 comprises a coupling unit 135 and/or an actuator unit 136 in order to connect the first power reservoir 138 with the electrical energy reservoir 118.
The coupling or connection of the first power storage 138 and the electrical energy storage device 118 may be different from each other, in particular depending on the type of charging possibility of the electrical energy storage device 118. The coupling unit 135 of the charging unit 135 may be configured and/or designed to electromagnetically connect the first power storage 138 with the electrical energy storage device 118. This may be accomplished if the technical parameters of the charge data include that the electrical energy storage device 118 may be inductively charged. Additionally or alternatively thereto, the actuator unit 136 of the charging unit 130 may be configured and/or designed to connect the power reservoir 118 with a power or current source 220 by means of a suitable charging cable (not shown). In this case, the actuator unit 136 may comprise an articulated arm, and thus be an articulated arm robot. The articulated arm robot may include a sensor unit 134 that enables the articulated arm robot 136 to connect the first power reservoir 138 with the electrical energy storage device 118 via a plug unit of a charging cable. The sensor unit 134 may include, for example, one or more force sensors and/or one or more torque sensors. The aforementioned sensor may be attached to the actuator unit 136 such that it can connect the first power reservoir 138 with the electrical energy storage device 118 in a manner known in the art. The selection of the plug type may be based on the charging data, in which case the charging data includes the desired type of charging cable. The automatic charging unit 130 may be configured for connecting the first power storage 138 with all conventional electrical energy storage devices 118 according to the charging possibilities or charging capacities of these electrical energy storage devices 118. In another example, the charging system 100 may include a plurality of different automated charging units 130, wherein at least one charging unit 130 has the type of connection required to charge each conventional or future electrical energy storage device 118.
During charging, the electrical energy storage device 118 is charged with electrical energy in the first power storage 138.
Because the system 100 is a modular system 100 in which the availability of the charging robots plays a key role, the first power store 138 may store only a predetermined amount of electrical energy, which may be less than the storage capacity of the conventional energy storage device 118. For example, the predetermined amount includes 10% of the average storage capacity of the conventional electrical energy storage device 118. Accordingly, back-end server 120 is designed to determine the number of automated energy units 140 needed to charge electrical energy storage device 118 based on the charge data in a next step 330. As described above, the second power storage 148 of each automated energy unit 140 may store a predeterminable or predetermined amount of energy. The predetermined amount may be stored in a storage unit of the back-end server 120. In another example, each energy unit may be 10% of the average storage capacity of a conventional electrical energy storage device 118, which may be determined based on the modularity of the charging system 100. Furthermore, any other suitable storage capacity may be predetermined. In this case, the storage capacity for each second power store 148, 138 may be stored globally in the memory unit 125 of the back-end server 120. As described above, the charge data of the charge request may include the charge capacity of the energy storage device 118 and the conventional state of charge of the energy storage device 118. From this data, the back-end server 120 may determine the number of automated energy units 140 needed to charge the energy storage device 118 according to a charging requirement (full charge, desired amount of charge, charge to a desired departure time, or until a desired next destination is reached, etc.). In particular, the amount of current stored in the automated charging unit 130 or its first power storage 138 may also be considered.
In a next step 340, the backend server 120 requests the determined number of automated energy units 140 to move to the automated charging unit 130. For example, the backend server 120 may send or transmit a message or request to the control unit 143 to autonomously move to the automated charging unit 130 according to the location data received with the charging request via the communication unit 142. As described above, the automated energy unit is configured for coupling or connecting with the automated charging unit 130 or another automated energy unit 140 such that the electrical energy storage device 118 may be charged via the second power storage 148 of the respective energy unit 140. In particular, the automation energy unit 140 comprises a coupling unit 145 and a sensor unit 144 comprising suitable sensors for coupling.
The coupling of the automated energy unit 140 and the charging unit 130 will be further illustrated in more detail below with reference to fig. 2 and 3A-3E.
The electrical energy storage device 118 may now be charged. Advantageously, a modular and mobile charging system 100 is thus provided, in which mobile charging robots 130, 140 (i.e. an automated charging unit 130 and an automated energy unit 140) are applied modularly in a parking facility. In particular, with the aid of the modularity of each vehicle 10, only a predetermined amount of stored electrical energy is provided to the electric vehicle 110 to be charged, since the amount of energy to be charged is used to determine the amount of energy units 140 required and for the charging process.
Each automated energy unit 140 may be designed to move to a power source or current source 220 during a charging process of electrical energy storage device 118 when second power storage device 148 is discharged, in order to recharge second power storage device 148.
The power source 220 may be a commercial home outlet or safety plug outlet, a wall charging station or wall box, or a single charging peg, or a charging peg of a charging station.
As already described above, the automated energy unit 140 may be coupled to the automated charging unit 130 or another automated energy unit 140 such that all of the first and second power storages 138, 148 may charge the electrical energy storage device 118. After coupling, the second power reservoir 148 of the last coupled automation energy cell 140 may be discharged first. When the second power reservoir 148 is discharged, the last coupled automation energy unit 140 may automatically move to the power source 220 to charge the empty second power reservoir 148. As described in more detail below with reference to fig. 3A-3E, the second power store 148 of the automated energy unit 140 or the automated charging unit 130 coupled in the previous step may now be used to charge the energy storage device 118. When the charging process is complete, i.e., when the first power reservoir 138 of the automated charging unit 130 is at least partially discharged, the charging unit 130 may also be moved to the power source 220 to recharge the first power reservoir 138. If the first and second power storages 138, 148 are charged, the charging unit 130 or the energy unit 140 may transmit a corresponding standby message to the back-end server 120. Advantageously, the second power storage 148 of the automation energy unit 140 can thus be charged more quickly for the next charging process and can thus be used more quickly for the next charging process.
Fig. 2 schematically illustrates three exemplary modular automated charging scenarios in a parking facility. These exemplary embodiments may be implemented as described above with reference to fig. 1.
Specifically, fig. 2 illustrates a first parking space or zone 210A in a parking facility where a first electric vehicle 110_a is parked. For electric vehicle 110_a, a corresponding charge request is received at back-end server 120. In this example, the charging request is from: a charge amount of three charging units (e.g., charge amount=1 kW/h) is necessary or desirable for the electrical energy storage device 118_a. In this example, each of the first and second power storages 138, 148 of the automated charging unit 130 and the automated energy unit 140 may store an amount of current of the charged amount. Back-end server 140 has requested that automated charging unit 130 move to electric vehicle 110_a and charge electrical energy storage device 118_a. The backend server has also determined that two automated energy units 140 are necessary to provide the required number of three charging units. These automated energy units have been moved to parking space 210A in order to charge energy storage device 118_a.
In the second parking space 210B or the second parking area 210B of the parking facility, the second electric car 110_b is parked, and a charge request for the second electric car has been received at the back-end server 120. In this example, the amount of charge from the charge request to five charge units is necessary or desirable to charge the electrical energy storage device 118_b. Thus, in addition to the automated charging unit 130, four energy units 140 are coupled to the electrical energy storage device 118_b or the previous energy unit 140, respectively, in order to charge the electrical energy storage device 118_b.
In the third parking space 210C or the third parking area 210C of the parking facility, the third electric car 110_c is parked, and for the third electric car 110_c, a charge request has been received at the back-end server 120. In this example, the amount of charge that results from the charge request in nine charge units is necessary or desirable to charge the electrical energy storage device 118_c. Thus, in addition to the automated charging unit 130, eight energy units 140 are coupled to the electrical energy storage device 118_c or the respective previous energy unit 140, respectively, in order to charge the electrical energy storage device 118_c.
Fig. 2 thus shows that the automated charging unit 130 couples or connects the first power reservoir 138 to the electrical energy storage devices 118_a, 118_b, 118_c by means of the coupling unit 135 and/or the actuator unit 136. The first automated energy unit 140 is coupled to the automated charging unit 130, the second automated energy unit 140, the first energy unit 140, and so on.
Due to the modularity, the stored electrical energy may be efficiently adapted to the individual electric vehicles 110_a, 110_b, and 110_c.
Fig. 3A-3E schematically illustrate a flow of an exemplary modular automated charging scenario.
Specifically, fig. 3A shows a first parking area 210A as described above with reference to fig. 2 for a better illustration. In the first parking area 210A, an electric vehicle 110_a for which a charge request has been received at the backend server 120 is parked. The automated charging unit 130 has moved to the electric vehicle 110 in accordance with the received position data and has connected the first power storage 138 of the automated charging unit with the electrical energy storage device 118A in order to charge the electrical energy storage device 118A. As can be seen from fig. 3B, the charge amount of three charging units is necessary or desirable for the electrical energy storage device 118_a. The backend server 120 has thus determined that two automated energy units 140A and 140B are necessary for possibly providing the required number of three charging units. The automated energy unit 140A has been coupled to the automated charging unit 130 such that its second power storage 148 may charge the electrical energy storage device 118_a. The automation energy unit 140B has been coupled to the automation energy unit 140A such that the second power storage 148 of the automation energy unit may also charge the electrical energy storage device 118_a. Now, the electrical energy stored in the automated energy unit 140B (or its second power storage 148) is released in order to charge the energy storage device 118_a.
Fig. 3C shows the next step. When the second power reservoir 148 of the automation energy unit 140B is fully discharged, the automation energy unit 140B is decoupled from the automation energy unit 140A. Now, the energy storage device of the automated energy unit 140A is discharging. Fig. 3D shows that the decoupled automation energy unit 140B has moved to the power source 220 to recharge the second power storage 148. Advantageously, the second power reservoir 148 of the module (or the automated energy unit 140B) has been charged before the charging process of the electrical energy storage device 118_a has ended. Thus, the automated energy unit 140B may be more quickly and efficiently applied to or prepared for the next charging process. Fig. 3E shows the state after the second power reservoir 148 of the automated energy unit 140A has been discharged. The energy unit 140A is decoupled from the charging unit 130 and autonomously moves to the power supply 220 in order to charge its second power storage 148. The remaining energy of the charging unit 130 is then used to charge the energy storage device 118_a. When the second power reservoir 148 of the charging unit 130 is fully discharged, the charging unit 130 may also autonomously move to the power source 220 in order to recharge the first power reservoir 138 of the charging unit (not shown).
Fig. 4 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 300 for modularly, automatically charging the electrical energy storage device 118 of the electric vehicle 110 in a parking facility as described above with reference to fig. 1, 2 and 3A-3E. The steps of the method may be implemented as described with reference to fig. 1, 2 and 3A-3E.
Method 300 includes receiving 310 a charge request to charge electric vehicle 110, wherein the charge request includes location data and charge data. If the state of charge of electrical energy storage device 118 falls below a predefinable charge amount, a charge request may be automatically transmitted from electric vehicle 110 to back-end server 120. Additionally or alternatively thereto, the charge request may be transmitted to the backend server 120 via the mobile terminal 150 and/or via a suitable vehicle-side input and output unit 116.
The method 300 includes requesting 320 an automated charging unit 130 to move to the electric vehicle 110 according to the location data, the automated charging unit including a first power storage 138 configured for storing a predefinable amount of current.
The method 300 includes determining 330 a number of automated energy units 140 required to charge the electrical energy storage device 118 according to the charge data, wherein each automated energy unit includes a second power storage 148 configured to store a predefinable amount of current.
The method 300 comprises requesting 340 a determined number of automated energy units 140 to be moved to the electric vehicle 110 according to the position data, wherein the automated energy units 140 are designed for coupling to the automated charging unit 130 or to another energy unit 140 such that the first energy storage 138, the second power storage 148 can charge the electric energy storage 118.
Additionally, method 300 includes charging 350 electrical energy storage device 118 based on the charge data. Each automation energy unit 140 may be configured to: when the second power reservoir 148 of the automated energy unit is discharged, it is decoupled during charging 350 of the electrical energy storage device 118 and moved to the power source or current source 220 in order to recharge the second power reservoir 148.

Claims (8)

1. A modular charging system for automatically charging an electrical energy storage device (118) of an electric vehicle (110) in a parking facility, the system comprising:
at least one automated charging unit (130) having a first power storage (138);
a plurality of automated energy units (140), each automated energy unit having a second power store (148), wherein the first power store (138) and the second power store (148) are configured to store a predeterminable amount of current;
At least one backend server (120) designed for
-receiving a charge request for the electric vehicle (110), wherein the charge request comprises location data and charge data;
-requesting the automated charging unit (130) to move to the electric vehicle (110) according to the received position data, wherein the automated charging unit (130) is designed for connecting the first power reservoir (138) with the electrical energy storage device (118) and charging the electrical energy storage device;
-determining the number of automated energy units required according to the charge data in order to charge the electrical energy storage device (118); and is also provided with
Requesting a movement of the determined number of automation energy units (140) to the automation charging unit (130), wherein the automation energy units (140) are designed for coupling to the automation charging unit (130) or to another automation energy unit,
so that the first power reservoir (138) and the second power reservoir (148) can charge the electrical energy storage device (118).
2. The modular charging system of claim 1, wherein the charging request is automatically transmitted from the electric vehicle (110) to the back-end server (120) when a state of charge of the electrical energy storage device (118) falls below a predefinable amount of charge.
3. The modular charging system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the charging request is transmittable to the backend server (120) via a mobile terminal (150).
4. The modular charging system of claim 1 or 2, wherein each automated energy unit (140) is configured for: when the second power reservoir (148) of the automated energy unit is discharged, it is moved to a power source during charging of the electrical energy storage device (118) in order to recharge the second power reservoir (148).
5. A method (300) for automatically charging an electrical energy storage device (118) of an electric vehicle (110) in a parking facility, the method comprising:
-receiving (310) a charge request to charge the electric vehicle (110), wherein the charge request comprises location data and charge data;
requesting (320) an automated charging unit (130) to move to the electric vehicle (110) according to the location data, the automated charging unit comprising a first power storage (138) configured for storing a predefinable amount of current;
determining (330) a number of automation energy units (140) needed to charge the electrical energy storage device (118) according to the charge data, wherein each automation energy unit comprises a second power storage (148) configured for storing a predefinable amount of current;
Requesting (340) the determined number of automated energy units (140) to move to the electric vehicle (110) according to the position data, wherein the automated energy units (140) are designed for coupling to the automated charging unit (130) or to another automated energy unit to enable the first power storage (138) and the second power storage (148) to charge the electric energy storage device (118); and is also provided with
-charging (350) the electrical energy storage device (118) according to the charge data.
6. The method (300) of claim 5, wherein the charge request is automatically transmitted from the electric vehicle (110) to the backend server (120) when a state of charge of the electrical energy storage device (118) falls below a predefinable amount of charge.
7. The method (300) of claim 5 or 6, wherein the charge request is transmittable to the backend server (120) via a mobile terminal (150).
8. The method (300) of claim 5 or 6, wherein each automation energy unit (140) is designed for being decoupled during charging (350) of the electrical energy storage device (118) when the second power storage (148) is discharged, in order to recharge the second power storage (148).
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