CN111246171A - Method and system for safety supervision, on-duty training and assessment of chemical plant - Google Patents
Method and system for safety supervision, on-duty training and assessment of chemical plant Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of chemical plant safety management and control, in particular to a method for safety supervision, on-duty training and assessment of a chemical plant, which comprises the following steps: A) acquiring video monitoring; B) establishing a plan table, associating the plan table with a GIS model, and establishing a cooperation table; C) comparing the monitoring data with the plan table in sequence periodically, if the grading triggering condition is met, triggering the corresponding plan table, giving out an alarm, and displaying the grading plan content to an operator on duty and a post worker; D) updating the state of the cooperation table; while performing steps C-D, performing the steps of: E) periodically simulating a trigger plan table and displaying the trigger plan table to a training target; F) and analyzing whether the training target executes the hierarchical plan content. The substantial effects of the invention are as follows: the safety monitoring and training and examination system of the chemical plant is combined, the capability of converting normal work into execution of a plan is improved, the execution capability of the plan is continuously checked, and the safety of the chemical plant is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of chemical plant safety management and control, in particular to a method for safety supervision, on-duty training and assessment of a chemical plant.
Background
In the modernized industrialization process, chemical enterprises have the promotion effect on the development of social economy and even production and life. Many industrial industries require the use of raw materials, products or energy supplied by chemical plants. However, once a safety accident occurs in a chemical plant, a great economic loss, even casualties, and a serious environmental burden are caused. With the development of computer technology and electrical technology, the automatic supervision is realized in the process parameter control of the production process of the chemical plant at present, and the production efficiency and the safety of the chemical plant are greatly improved. At present, the center for controlling the process parameters of the chemical plant is called a control system of DCS. DCS is the acronym for Distributed Control System (Distributed Control System), also known as a Distributed Control System. However, the safety management of the chemical plant still remains in the paper management stage, and the efficiency is very low. Before the new staff goes on duty, a lot of time is spent on learning, but because the new staff lacks understanding of the process environment, the safety teaching effect is very limited, and the new staff is difficult to be correctly executed by the staff when an accident really occurs. Severely restricting the safe production and further development of chemical plants, which bring heavy burdens and risks to the chemical plant enterprise. Therefore, a technical solution capable of improving the execution effect of the plan and reducing the cost and time of the plan training is urgently needed.
Chinese patent CN107168216A, published 2017, 9, 15, a safety monitoring system for chemical plants, comprising a monitoring unit and a deployment unit connected with each other; the monitoring unit comprises a network monitoring unit, a fire monitoring unit, a leakage monitoring unit, an equipment monitoring unit and an electric power monitoring unit; the allocation unit comprises a control center unit, an accident processing unit and an alarm unit. The system integrates links with possible safety problems, each link is monitored in real time, a searching unit of each link immediately informs a control center unit after finding the fault, the control center unit starts an alarm unit, and then an accident processing unit reflects the position according to data. But it cannot provide training and real-time guidance for employees, and it is difficult to ensure the safety of chemical plants.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the technical problem of low execution efficiency of the safety plan of the current chemical plant is solved. A method and system for supervising, training and checking the safety of chemical plant is disclosed.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a method for safety supervision, on-duty training and assessment of a chemical plant comprises the following steps: A) establishing a data acquisition unit, communicating with a DCS of a chemical plant, acquiring monitoring data of the chemical plant, setting a plurality of monitoring point positions in a chemical plant area, and acquiring video monitoring of a post area and a channel area of the chemical plant; B) establishing a plurality of plan tables, acquiring a GIS model of a chemical plant, associating the plan tables with the GIS model of plan table objects of the plan tables, and establishing a cooperation table for equipment and areas of unassociated plan tables in the GIS model of the chemical plant, wherein the cooperation table comprises cooperation objects, adjacent equipment, adjacent areas, states and state thresholds; C) comparing the monitoring data of the chemical plant acquired from the DCS of the chemical plant with a plan table in sequence periodically, if a grading triggering condition is met, triggering the corresponding plan table, setting the grade of the plan table as a corresponding grade, giving an alarm, displaying grading plan contents corresponding to the grade to an operator on duty and chemical plant post staff related to the grading plan contents, and if a removing condition is met, removing the alarm and stopping displaying the grading plan contents; D) updating the state of the cooperation table according to the monitoring data, and displaying the cooperation table with the state exceeding a state threshold value to an operator on duty; while performing steps C-D, performing the steps of: E) periodically simulating and triggering a plan table, and displaying the hierarchical plan content of the plan table to a training target; F) periodically reading the monitoring data of the chemical plant and video monitoring, analyzing whether the training target executes the hierarchical plan content, and prompting through an interactive terminal until the training target completes execution according to the hierarchical plan content if the training target is not executed according to the hierarchical plan content; if the training target does not trigger the interactive terminal prompt, namely the training target completes execution according to the content of the grading plan, the training target is judged to pass the examination on the corresponding grade of the plan table, otherwise, the examination is judged not to pass. The safety monitoring and training and checking system of the chemical plant is combined for execution, the personnel of the chemical plant can be trained and checked in a plan at any time in the daily production process, the capability of converting normal work into execution of the plan is trained, the plan execution capability of the personnel is continuously checked, and the personnel can be effectively guaranteed to act correctly and timely according to the contents of the plan when encountering sudden accidents, so that the execution efficiency and quality of the plan of the chemical plant are effectively improved, the safety of the chemical plant is improved, and property and personnel loss caused by the accidents is reduced.
Preferably, the plan table established in step B includes a plan object, a level, a hierarchical triggering condition, a hierarchical plan content, an associated variable, an associated triggering condition, and a release condition, where the plan object information includes an object name, an object type, and an object area, the hierarchical triggering condition is a condition that monitoring data needs to be satisfied when the plan is triggered to correspond to the level, the hierarchical plan content is an accident handling method at the corresponding level, the release condition is a condition that monitoring data needs to be satisfied when the plan is released, the associated variable includes a temperature of an area where the plan table object is located, a hazardous gas type, and a hazardous gas concentration, and the associated triggering condition is a condition that the associated variable needs to be satisfied when the plan table is triggered. The associated variables reflect the temperature of the plan object area corresponding to each plan table and the dangerous gas condition under the influence of the safety accident, and play a role in tracking the situation development of the safety accident.
Preferably, the schedule table established in step B further includes the schedule table further includes the deduction time T and the delay associated variable. After a safety accident occurs and before treatment measures are implemented, a window period T is provided, and the accident can continuously develop and change in the period. Therefore, the range and the intensity of the accident after the empty window period T are predicted from the beginning, and the handling of the accident can be more targeted.
Preferably, in the step B, before the cooperation table is established, the chemical plant and the peripheral area thereof are divided into sub-areas, and the cooperation table is established for each sub-area; the states comprise temperature, concentration of hazardous gas, type of hazardous gas, wind direction and wind power; the method for dividing the sub-area comprises the following steps: B11) removing the pipeline and the equipment with the volume smaller than a set threshold value; B12) establishing an external cuboid of the equipment; B13) fill the cuboid region between extension cuboid and chemical plant building, make the cuboid region satisfy: faces next to at least one circumscribed cuboid, and having a face overlapping with a face having the smallest area among the faces of the next-to-circumscribed cuboid; B14) taking the cuboid region filled in the step B13 as an external cuboid of the equipment, repeating the step B13 until the chemical plant is filled with the external cuboid and the cuboid region, and taking the obtained cuboid region as a divided sub-region; B15) setting a side length threshold, and dividing the sub-area with the side length larger than the side length threshold into a plurality of sub-areas to ensure that the side lengths are smaller than the side length threshold. The sub-areas divided by the optimal scheme can enable each device to have 6 adjacent sub-areas at most, namely, the device can cover a chemical plant area, so that excessive sub-areas are not generated, each sub-area corresponds to at least one complete device side face at least, the state of the device side can be completely tracked, and the comprehensive efficiency is high. The interior of the subarea is regarded as the same state everywhere, and the condition that the subarea is too large and inaccurate is avoided by setting the side length threshold.
Preferably, in step B15, the side length threshold includes a first side length threshold and a second side length threshold, where the first side length threshold is a fire accident when an accident occurring in the chemical plant area is a fire accident, and the temperature of the fire source is T under the windless condition1A conduction distance in time; when the second side length threshold value is that dangerous gas leaks in an accident occurring in a chemical plant area, the leaked gas is in T state under the windless condition1The distance of propagation in time; dividing sub-regions and respectively storing the sub-regions by respectively using the side length threshold and the second side length threshold; when the fire occurs in the area of the chemical plant, the sub-area corresponding to the side length threshold is used, when the dangerous gas leakage occurs in the area of the chemical plant, the sub-area corresponding to the second side length threshold is used, and if the fire and the dangerous gas leakage occur simultaneously, the side length threshold and the second side are selectedAnd dividing the sub-area corresponding to the smaller value in the long threshold. Setting a maximum side length threshold, and removing equipment with the volume smaller than the threshold to ensure that the side length of the sub-region is in a range equivalent to that of the equipment, and when a fire occurs and no wind exists, each period T1The inner temperature is passed over a sub-region, thereby approximating the change in the temperature field and providing tracking of the temperature change. When different accident types occur, different side length thresholds are adopted, and the accuracy of accident development simulation can be improved.
Preferably, step C further comprises: C1) if the pre-arranged plan tables with the accident types as the fires are triggered, the temperature value of the associated variable of each pre-arranged plan table is deduced and updated, and T is deduced1After the time, the temperature value of the associated variable of each plan table is updated, and the temperature value of the delayed associated variable is updated; C2) if the plan table with the accident type of dangerous gas leakage is triggered, the dangerous gas concentration of the associated variable of each plan table is deduced and updated, and T is deduced1After time, the dangerous gas concentration of the associated variable of each plan table is updated, and the dangerous gas concentration of the delay associated variable is updated, wherein the associated variable and the dangerous gas type in the delay associated variable are corresponding leakage types; C3) and displaying a plurality of plan tables with the maximum change of the associated variables and a plurality of plan tables with the maximum change of the deferred associated variables.
Preferably, in step D, the method for updating the status of the coordination table according to the monitoring data includes: D1) updating the state of the collaboration table with the adjacent equipment according to the monitoring data; D2) updating the states of the rest collaborative tables according to the states of the collaborative tables with the updated states; wherein step D1 includes: D11) if the adjacent equipment does not have an accident, maintaining the state information of the subareas; D12) if the fire accident happens to the adjacent equipment, updating the temperature of the sub-area, specifically: if no wind exists, the temperature of the sub-area is updated according to the heat conduction rule, if wind exists and the sub-area is positioned at the upper wind port of the adjacent equipment, the temperature of the sub-area is maintained, and if wind exists and the sub-area is positioned at the lower wind port of the adjacent equipment, the temperature of the sub-area is set as the temperature of the adjacent equipment in the last period T1Monitoring temperature of the process; D13) if the adjacent equipment has dangerous gas leakage accidentUpdating the concentration and the type of the dangerous gas in the subarea, specifically: if there is no wind, then ωA＝δn·ωEWherein ω isAConcentration of hazardous gas, omega, in sub-zonesEThe average value of the concentration of the dangerous gas in a region of a distance l near a leakage source is shown, n represents the period T of the updated time when the gas leakage occurs1Number, deltanRepresents the nth period T1The updated coefficient is obtained by searching a preset table, and n is less than nmaxWhen is deltanIncreases with the increase of n, and v is more than or equal to nmaxWhen is deltan1 is ═ 1; if wind exists and the subarea is positioned at the upper wind port of the adjacent equipment, the dangerous gas concentration of the subarea is maintained; if there is wind and the sub-area is located at the downwind mouth of the adjacent device, ωA＝ωE|(n-1). By adopting the scheme, the state information of the sub-region can be updated rapidly, and the influence on timeliness of event follow-up caused by too long calculation time is avoided.
Preferably, in step D2), the method for updating the states of the remaining cooperation tables according to the state of the cooperation table with the updated state includes: D21) enumerating all the adjacent regions of the updated sub-regions, regarding the enumerated sub-regions as the adjacent devices of the adjacent regions, and then executing steps D12-D13; D22) step D21 is repeatedly performed until the status of all sub-regions is updated.
Preferably, in step F, the method for analyzing whether the training target executes the hierarchical plan content through the chemical plant monitoring data and the video monitoring comprises: F1) periodically acquiring the position of a training target through video monitoring; F2) if the hierarchical plan content comprises the change of the production process parameters of the chemical plant, acquiring the monitoring data of the chemical plant through a DCS of the chemical plant, judging whether the corresponding production process parameters are correctly changed, if the corresponding production process parameters are correctly changed, judging that the training target executes the hierarchical plan content, and if the corresponding production process parameters are not correctly changed, prompting through an interactive terminal; F3) if the hierarchical plan content comprises the requirement of training target transfer, the position of the training target is periodically obtained according to video monitoring in the subsequent time t1, if the training target moves according to the hierarchical plan content in the time t1, the training target is judged to execute the hierarchical plan content, otherwise, the training target is prompted to move according to the hierarchical plan content through the interactive terminal. By the aid of the optimal scheme, whether the training target is executed according to the plan table can be accurately judged, prompt training is carried out on the training target, a training result is automatically judged, training effects are improved, and training time is saved.
Preferably, in step F1, the method for obtaining the position of the training target includes: F11) periodically obtaining images of each monitoring point location when the station area and the channel area of the chemical plant are free of personnel, and storing the images as reference images; F12) periodically acquiring a real-time monitoring image of a monitoring point position corresponding to a training target, comparing the monitoring image with a reference image, filling pixels with the difference between the pixels at the same positions being lower than or equal to a set threshold value into white, and filling pixels with the difference between the pixels at the same positions being higher than the set threshold value into black; F13) correlating positions in a chemical plant GIS model corresponding to pixels in the monitoring point positions; F14) if the black pixel obtained in step F12 does not abut on the lower boundary of the monitor image, the GIS model position corresponding to the pixel at the bottom of the black pixel is set as the position of the training target. Through the optimal scheme, the calculation amount can be reduced on the premise of accurately identifying the position of the training target, and the requirement on hardware is reduced.
Preferably, step D further comprises: calculate the (N + N) th period T1And taking the state data of all the sub-areas as delay state data, listing the sub-areas with the change not exceeding a preset safety threshold value compared with the state before the accident, taking the sub-areas as delay safety sub-areas, continuously searching the delay safety sub-areas from the post position of each employee in sequence, and sending an alarm and displaying the alarm to the operator on duty if the delay safety sub-areas can not be found to reach a safety exit. The optimal scheme provides predictive accident state prediction, can timely find the staff with evacuation danger, timely alarm and inform the staff, so that the staff can be evacuated in time, and casualties are effectively avoided.
Preferably, in step C1, the method for deriving the temperature value of the associated variable of each protocol table is as follows: if the plan object of the plan table is isolated from the airflow channel of the fire area or the airflowIf the airflow resistance of the channel is greater than a set threshold value, the temperature value of the associated variable of the plan table is kept unchanged; if the resistance of the air flow channel between the plan object of the plan table and the fire situation area is less than or equal to the set threshold, judging whether the air flow channel area is windless, if the air flow channel area is windless, obtaining the temperature value of the associated variable of the plan table according to the air heat conduction rule, if the air flow channel area is windy, judging whether the plan object of the plan table is in the air outlet, if the air flow channel area is windy, judging whether the time t between the plan object of the plan table and the fire situation is less than or equal to Ds/vwIn the interior, obtaining the temperature value of the associated variable of the plan table according to the air heat conduction rule, wherein DsIs the distance between the plan object area and the fire area, vwD is the wind speed and the time t to the occurrence of the fire is less than or equal to Ds/vwThe temperature value of the related variable of the plan table is Cm，
Cm＝βCt，β∈[0.6，1]
CtThe temperature value of the edge of the fire area is β is an adjustment coefficient, the smaller the distance between the plan object area and the fire area is, or the smaller the resistance of the airflow channel between the plan object area and the fire area is, β takes a larger value, and if the plan object of the plan table is at the air inlet, the temperature value of the associated variable of the plan table is obtained according to the air heat conduction rule.
Preferably, in step C2, the method for deriving the concentration of the hazardous gas for the associated variable of each protocol table is: if the plan object of the plan table is isolated from the airflow channel of the dangerous gas leakage area or the airflow resistance of the airflow channel is larger than a set threshold value, the dangerous gas concentration of the associated variable of the plan table is kept unchanged; if the resistance of the plan object of the plan table and the airflow channel resistance of the dangerous gas leakage area is smaller than or equal to the set threshold, the leakage source is used as the center to divide eight directions uniformly along the horizontal direction, the upper direction and the lower direction are divided along the vertical direction, and the flow proportion delta of the dangerous gas in sixteen directions is judged according to the plant layout of the chemical plant, the density of the dangerous gas, the wind direction and the wind speedr，r∈[1，16]Then the dangerous gas concentration Q of the associated variable of the plan tabley＝δuQ, wherein δuIndicating the source of leakage in the area of the plan object of the plan tableAzimuth, Q is the concentration of hazardous gas at the source of the leak. Through the optimal scheme, the temperature influence is calculated in a classified mode, and a more accurate tracking scheme is provided for tracking the accident situation development.
Preferably, the flow rate ratio δ of the hazardous gas in sixteen directions is determinedrThe method comprises the following steps: determining the flow ratio in the horizontal direction: selecting a certain airflow channel as a reference channel according to the plant layout of a chemical plant, further determining the resistance ratio of airflow channels in the rest seven horizontal directions relative to the reference channel, if no airflow channel exists in a certain direction, the resistance ratio of the airflow channels is infinite, taking the reciprocal of the resistance ratio in each direction as a weight, if a leakage area is windy, determining the flow proportion of a plurality of downward wind directions according to the weight distribution, wherein the flow proportion of the rest directions is 0, and if the leakage area is windless, determining the flow proportion of eight horizontal directions according to the weight distribution; determining the flow ratio in the vertical direction: if the hazardous gas is heavy gas, the flow rate ratio in the upper direction is 0, the flow rate ratios in the eight directions in the lower direction are equal to the flow rate ratios determined in the horizontal direction, if the hazardous gas density is equal to air, the flow rate ratios in the upper direction and the lower direction are respectively equal to half of the flow rate ratios determined in the horizontal direction, if the hazardous gas density is less than the air density, the flow rate ratio in the lower direction is 0, and the flow rate ratios in the eight directions in the upper direction are equal to the flow rate ratios determined in the horizontal direction. According to the equipment and building layout of the chemical plant, the condition of the airflow channel between the equipment corresponding to each plan table and the leakage source is judged, so that more accurate gas diffusion prediction can be provided, and more accurate reference can be provided for the treatment of dangerous gas leakage accidents.
The system comprises a data acquisition unit, a data processing unit, a memory, a video monitoring subsystem and a plurality of interactive terminals, wherein the data acquisition unit is communicated with a DCS of the chemical plant, acquires monitoring data of the chemical plant and stores the monitoring data into the memory, the interactive terminals are respectively installed at the working posts of chemical plant personnel, the video monitoring subsystem monitors the working post area of the chemical plant personnel and the channel area of the chemical plant, and the interactive terminals, the memory and the video monitoring subsystem are all connected with the data processing unit.
The substantial effects of the invention are as follows: the safety monitoring and training and checking system of the chemical plant is combined for execution, the personnel of the chemical plant can be trained and checked in a plan at any time in the daily production process, the capability of converting normal work into execution of the plan is trained, the plan execution capability of the personnel is continuously checked, and the personnel can be effectively guaranteed to act correctly and timely according to the contents of the plan when encountering sudden accidents, so that the execution efficiency and quality of the plan of the chemical plant are effectively improved, the safety of the chemical plant is improved, and property and personnel loss caused by the accidents is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of an embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a block flow diagram of a method for zoning according to an embodiment.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a method for updating a status of a collaboration table according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a method for deriving a temperature value of an associated variable according to an embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of an associated variable hazardous gas concentration derivation method according to an embodiment.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a safety supervision, on-duty training and assessment system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Wherein: 100. the system comprises a chemical plant DCS 200, a data acquisition unit 300, a data processing unit 400, a memory 500, an interactive terminal 600 and a video monitoring subsystem.
Detailed Description
The following provides a more detailed description of the present invention, with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The first embodiment is as follows:
a method for safety supervision, on-duty training and assessment of a chemical plant is shown in FIG. 1, and the method comprises the following steps: A) establishing a data acquisition unit 200, communicating with the DCS100 of the chemical plant, acquiring monitoring data of the chemical plant, setting a plurality of monitoring point positions in the area of the chemical plant, and acquiring video monitoring of the post area and the channel area of the chemical plant.
B) Establishing a plurality of pre-arranged plans, acquiring a GIS model of the chemical plant, and associating the pre-arranged plans with the GIS model of the pre-arranged plan objects, wherein the pre-arranged plans established in the step B comprise pre-arranged plan objects, grades, grading triggering conditions, grading pre-arranged plan contents, associated variables, deduction time T, delay associated variables, associated triggering conditions and removing conditions, pre-arranged plan object information comprises object names, object types and object areas, the grading triggering conditions are conditions which need to be met by monitoring data when the pre-arranged plans are triggered to correspond to the grades, the grading pre-arranged plan contents are accident handling methods under the corresponding grades, the removing conditions are conditions which need to be met by the monitoring data when the pre-arranged plans are removed, the associated variables comprise the temperature of the areas where the pre-arranged plan objects are located, the types of dangerous gases and the concentrations of the dangerous gases, and the associated triggering conditions are conditions which need to be met by the associated variables. The associated variables reflect the temperature of the plan object area corresponding to each plan table and the dangerous gas condition under the influence of the safety accident, and play a role in tracking the situation development of the safety accident. After a safety accident occurs and before treatment measures are implemented, a window period T is provided, and the accident can continuously develop and change in the period. Therefore, the range and the intensity of the accident after the empty window period T are predicted from the beginning, and the handling of the accident can be more targeted.
Dividing the chemical plant and the peripheral area thereof into sub-areas, and establishing a cooperation table for each sub-area, wherein the cooperation table comprises cooperation objects, adjacent equipment, adjacent areas, states and state thresholds. The states include temperature, hazardous gas concentration, hazardous gas type, wind direction, and wind force. As shown in fig. 2, the method for dividing the sub-regions includes: B11) removing the pipeline and the equipment with the volume smaller than a set threshold value; B12) establishing an external cuboid of the equipment; B13) fill the cuboid region between extension cuboid and chemical plant building, make the cuboid region satisfy: faces next to at least one circumscribed cuboid, and having a face overlapping with a face having the smallest area among the faces of the next-to-circumscribed cuboid; B14) taking the cuboid region filled in the step B13 as an external cuboid of the equipment, repeating the step B13 until the chemical plant is filled with the external cuboid and the cuboid region, and taking the obtained cuboid region as a divided sub-region; B15) setting a side length threshold, and dividing the sub-area with the side length larger than the side length threshold into a plurality of sub-areas to ensure that the side lengths are smaller than the side length threshold. The method can ensure that each device has 6 adjacent subregions at most, namely, the device can cover a chemical plant area, so that excessive subregions are not generated, each subregion corresponds to one complete device side at least, the state of the device side can be completely tracked, and the comprehensive efficiency is high. The interior of the subarea is regarded as the same state everywhere, and the condition that the subarea is too large and inaccurate is avoided by setting the side length threshold.
In step B15, the side length threshold comprises a first side length threshold and a second side length threshold, the first side length threshold is that when the accident occurred in the chemical plant area is a fire accident, the temperature of the fire source is at T under the windless condition1A conduction distance in time; when the second side length threshold value is that the accident occurring in the chemical plant area is dangerous gas leakage, the leaked gas is in T under the windless condition1The distance of propagation in time; dividing sub-regions and respectively storing the sub-regions by respectively using the side length threshold and the second side length threshold; when the fire occurs in the chemical plant area, the sub-area corresponding to the side length threshold is used, when the dangerous gas leakage occurs in the chemical plant area, the sub-area corresponding to the second side length threshold is used, and if the fire and the dangerous gas leakage occur simultaneously, the sub-area corresponding to the smaller value of the side length threshold and the second side length threshold is selected for division. Setting a maximum side length threshold, and removing equipment with the volume smaller than the threshold to ensure that the side length of the sub-region is in a range equivalent to that of the equipment, and when a fire occurs and no wind exists, each period T1The inner temperature is passed over a sub-region, thereby approximating the change in the temperature field and providing tracking of the temperature change. When different accident types occur, different side length thresholds are adopted, and the accuracy of accident development simulation can be improved.
C) Periodically comparing the monitoring data of the chemical plant acquired from the chemical plant DCS100 with the plan table in sequence, if the grading triggering condition is met, triggering the corresponding plan table, and predictingSetting the plan table grade as a corresponding grade, sending out an alarm, displaying the grading plan content corresponding to the grade to an operator on duty and staff of a chemical plant station related to the grading plan content, if a release condition is met, releasing the alarm and stopping the display of the grading plan content, C1) if the plan table with the accident type of fire is triggered, deducing and updating the temperature value of the associated variable of each plan table, deducing T1After the time, the temperature value of the associated variable of each plan table is updated, and the temperature value of the delayed associated variable is updated; as shown in fig. 4, the method for deriving the temperature value of the associated variable of each protocol table is as follows: if the plan object of the plan table is isolated from the airflow channel of the fire area or the airflow resistance of the airflow channel is greater than a set threshold value, the temperature value of the associated variable of the plan table is kept unchanged; if the resistance of the air flow channel between the plan object of the plan table and the fire situation area is less than or equal to the set threshold, judging whether the air flow channel area is windless, if the air flow channel area is windless, obtaining the temperature value of the associated variable of the plan table according to the air heat conduction rule, if the air flow channel area is windy, judging whether the plan object of the plan table is in the air outlet, if the air flow channel area is windy, judging whether the time t between the plan object of the plan table and the fire situation is less than or equal to Ds/vwIn the interior, obtaining the temperature value of the associated variable of the plan table according to the air heat conduction rule, wherein DsIs the distance between the plan object area and the fire area, vwThe time t is more than D from the occurrence of the fire condition according to the wind speeds/vwThe temperature value of the related variable of the plan table is Cm，
Cm＝βCt，β∈[0.6，1]
CtThe temperature value of the edge of the fire area is β is an adjustment coefficient, the smaller the distance between the plan object area and the fire area is, or the smaller the resistance of the airflow channel between the plan object area and the fire area is, β takes a larger value, and if the plan object of the plan table is at the air inlet, the temperature value of the associated variable of the plan table is obtained according to the air heat conduction rule.
As shown in fig. 5, in step C2, the method for deriving the concentration of the hazardous gas for the associated variable of each protocol table is as follows: if the plan object of the plan table is isolated from the airflow channel of the dangerous gas leakage area or the airflow is communicatedIf the airflow resistance of the channel is greater than a set threshold value, the concentration of the dangerous gas of the associated variable of the plan table is kept unchanged; if the resistance of the plan object of the plan table and the airflow channel resistance of the dangerous gas leakage area is smaller than or equal to the set threshold, the leakage source is used as the center to divide eight directions uniformly along the horizontal direction, the upper direction and the lower direction are divided along the vertical direction, and the flow proportion delta of the dangerous gas in sixteen directions is judged according to the plant layout of the chemical plant, the density of the dangerous gas, the wind direction and the wind speedr，r∈[1，16]Then the dangerous gas concentration Q of the associated variable of the plan tabley＝δuQ, wherein δuThe azimuth of the plan target area of the plan table at the leakage source is shown, and Q is the concentration of the hazardous gas at the leakage source. The temperature influence is calculated in a classified mode, and a more accurate tracking scheme is provided for tracking the accident situation development.
Determining the flow rate ratio delta of the dangerous gas in sixteen directionsrThe method comprises the following steps: determining the flow ratio in the horizontal direction: selecting a certain airflow channel as a reference channel according to the plant layout of a chemical plant, further determining the resistance ratio of airflow channels in the rest seven horizontal directions relative to the reference channel, if no airflow channel exists in a certain direction, the resistance ratio of the airflow channels is infinite, taking the reciprocal of the resistance ratio in each direction as a weight, if a leakage area is windy, determining the flow proportion of a plurality of downward wind directions according to the weight distribution, wherein the flow proportion of the rest directions is 0, and if the leakage area is windless, determining the flow proportion of eight horizontal directions according to the weight distribution; determining the flow ratio in the vertical direction: if the hazardous gas is heavy gas, the flow rate ratio in the upper direction is 0, the flow rate ratios in the eight directions in the lower direction are equal to the flow rate ratios determined in the horizontal direction, if the hazardous gas density is equal to air, the flow rate ratios in the upper direction and the lower direction are respectively equal to half of the flow rate ratios determined in the horizontal direction, if the hazardous gas density is less than the air density, the flow rate ratio in the lower direction is 0, and the flow rate ratios in the eight directions in the upper direction are equal to the flow rate ratios determined in the horizontal direction. According to the equipment and building layout of the chemical plant, the condition of the airflow channel between the equipment corresponding to each plan table and the leakage source is judged, and more accurate air can be providedAnd the body diffusion prediction provides more accurate reference for the treatment of dangerous gas leakage accidents. C2) If the plan table with the accident type of dangerous gas leakage is triggered, the dangerous gas concentration of the associated variable of each plan table is deduced and updated, and T is deduced1After time, the dangerous gas concentration of the associated variable of each plan table is updated, and the dangerous gas concentration of the delay associated variable is updated, wherein the associated variable and the dangerous gas type in the delay associated variable are corresponding leakage types; C3) and displaying a plurality of plan tables with the maximum change of the associated variables and a plurality of plan tables with the maximum change of the deferred associated variables.
D) And updating the state of the cooperation table according to the monitoring data, and displaying the cooperation table with the state exceeding the state threshold value to an operator on duty. As shown in fig. 2, the method for updating the status of the collaboration table according to the monitoring data includes: D1) updating the state of the collaboration table with the adjacent equipment according to the monitoring data; D2) updating the states of the rest collaborative tables according to the states of the collaborative tables with the updated states; wherein step D1 includes: D11) if the adjacent equipment does not have an accident, maintaining the state information of the subareas; D12) if the fire accident happens to the adjacent equipment, updating the temperature of the sub-area, specifically: if no wind exists, the temperature of the sub-area is updated according to the heat conduction rule, if wind exists and the sub-area is positioned at the upper wind port of the adjacent equipment, the temperature of the sub-area is maintained, and if wind exists and the sub-area is positioned at the lower wind port of the adjacent equipment, the temperature of the sub-area is set as the temperature of the adjacent equipment in the last period T1Monitoring temperature of the process; D13) if the adjacent equipment has dangerous gas leakage accidents, updating the dangerous gas concentration and the dangerous gas type of the sub-area, specifically: if there is no wind, then ωA＝δn·ωEWherein ω isAConcentration of hazardous gas, omega, in sub-zonesEThe average value of the concentration of the dangerous gas in a region of a distance l near a leakage source is shown, n represents the period T of the updated time when the gas leakage occurs1Number, deltanRepresents the nth period T1The updated coefficient is obtained by searching a preset table, and n is less than nmaxWhen is deltanIncreases with the increase of n, n is more than or equal to nmaxWhen is deltan1 is ═ 1; in case of wind and in the subregionThe upper air inlet of the adjacent equipment maintains the concentration of the dangerous gas in the subarea; if there is wind and the sub-area is located at the downwind mouth of the adjacent device, ωA＝ωE|(n-1). The state information of the sub-area can be updated rapidly, and the problem that the timeliness of event follow-up is influenced due to too long calculation time is avoided.
In step D2), the method for updating the states of the remaining collaboration tables according to the state of the collaboration table with the updated state includes: D21) enumerating all the adjacent regions of the updated sub-regions, regarding the enumerated sub-regions as the adjacent devices of the adjacent regions, and then executing steps D12-D13; D22) step D21 is repeatedly performed until the status of all sub-regions is updated. Calculate the (N + N) th period T1And taking the state data of all the sub-areas as delay state data, listing the sub-areas with the change not exceeding a preset safety threshold value compared with the state before the accident, taking the sub-areas as delay safety sub-areas, continuously searching the delay safety sub-areas from the post position of each employee in sequence, and sending an alarm and displaying the alarm to the operator on duty if the delay safety sub-areas can not be found to reach a safety exit. The system provides predictive accident state prediction, can timely find the staff with evacuation danger, timely alarm and inform the staff, so that the staff can be evacuated in time, and casualties are effectively avoided.
While performing steps C-D, performing the steps of: E) the periodical simulation triggers the plan table, and the grading plan content of the plan table is displayed to the training target.
F) Periodically reading the monitoring data of the chemical plant and video monitoring, analyzing whether the training target executes the hierarchical plan content, and prompting through the interactive terminal 500 if the training target is not executed according to the hierarchical plan content until the training target is executed according to the hierarchical plan content; if the training target does not trigger the prompt of the interactive terminal 500, namely the training is finished according to the graded plan content, the training target is judged to pass the examination on the corresponding grade of the plan table, otherwise, the examination is judged not to pass. The safety monitoring and training and checking system of the chemical plant is combined for execution, the personnel of the chemical plant can be trained and checked in a plan at any time in the daily production process, the capability of converting normal work into execution of the plan is trained, the plan execution capability of the personnel is continuously checked, and the personnel can be effectively guaranteed to act correctly and timely according to the contents of the plan when encountering sudden accidents, so that the execution efficiency and quality of the plan of the chemical plant are effectively improved, the safety of the chemical plant is improved, and property and personnel loss caused by the accidents is reduced.
The method for analyzing whether the training target executes the hierarchical plan content comprises the following steps: F1) periodically acquiring the position of a training target through video monitoring; the method for obtaining the position of the training target comprises the following steps: F11) periodically obtaining images of each monitoring point location when the station area and the channel area of the chemical plant are free of personnel, and storing the images as reference images; F12) periodically acquiring a real-time monitoring image of a monitoring point position corresponding to a training target, comparing the monitoring image with a reference image, filling pixels with the difference between the pixels at the same positions being lower than or equal to a set threshold value into white, and filling pixels with the difference between the pixels at the same positions being higher than the set threshold value into black; F13) correlating positions in a chemical plant GIS model corresponding to pixels in the monitoring point positions; F14) if the black pixel obtained in step F12 does not abut on the lower boundary of the monitor image, the GIS model position corresponding to the pixel at the bottom of the black pixel is set as the position of the training target. F2) If the content of the hierarchical plan includes changing the production process parameters of the chemical plant, acquiring the monitoring data of the chemical plant through the DCS100 of the chemical plant, judging whether the corresponding production process parameters are correctly changed, if the corresponding production process parameters are correctly changed, judging that the training target executes the content of the hierarchical plan, and if the corresponding production process parameters are not correctly changed, prompting through the interactive terminal 500; F3) if the hierarchical plan content includes the requirement of training target transfer, the position of the training target is periodically obtained according to video monitoring in the subsequent time t1, if the training target moves according to the hierarchical plan content in the time t1, the training target is judged to execute the hierarchical plan content, otherwise, the interactive terminal 500 prompts the training target to move according to the hierarchical plan content. Whether the training target is executed according to the plan table can be accurately judged, prompt training is carried out on the training target, a training result is automatically judged, the training effect is improved, and the training time is saved.
A safety supervision, on-duty training and assessment system of a chemical plant is used for executing the safety supervision, on-duty training and assessment method of the chemical plant, as shown in FIG. 6, the system comprises a data acquisition unit 200, a data processing unit 300, a memory 400, a video monitoring subsystem 600 and a plurality of interactive terminals 500, wherein the data acquisition unit 200 is communicated with a DCS100 of the chemical plant, monitoring data of the chemical plant are acquired and stored in the memory 400, the interactive terminals 500 are respectively installed at the working posts of personnel of the chemical plant, the video monitoring subsystem 600 monitors the working post areas of the personnel of the chemical plant and the channel areas of the chemical plant, and the interactive terminals 500, the memory 400 and the video monitoring subsystem 600 are all connected with the data processing unit 300.
The above-described embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and other variations and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention as set forth in the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for safety supervision, on-duty training and assessment of a chemical plant, which is characterized in that,
the method comprises the following steps:
A) establishing a data acquisition unit, communicating with a DCS of a chemical plant, acquiring monitoring data of the chemical plant, setting a plurality of monitoring point positions in a chemical plant area, and acquiring video monitoring of a post area and a channel area of the chemical plant;
B) establishing a plurality of plan tables, acquiring a GIS model of a chemical plant, associating the plan tables with the GIS model of plan table objects of the plan tables, and establishing a cooperation table for equipment and areas of unassociated plan tables in the GIS model of the chemical plant, wherein the cooperation table comprises cooperation objects, adjacent equipment, adjacent areas, states and state thresholds;
C) comparing the monitoring data of the chemical plant acquired from the DCS of the chemical plant with a plan table in sequence periodically, if a grading triggering condition is met, triggering the corresponding plan table, setting the grade of the plan table as a corresponding grade, giving an alarm, displaying grading plan contents corresponding to the grade to an operator on duty and chemical plant post staff related to the grading plan contents, and if a removing condition is met, removing the alarm and stopping displaying the grading plan contents;
D) updating the state of the cooperation table according to the monitoring data, and displaying the cooperation table with the state exceeding a state threshold value to an operator on duty;
while performing steps C-D, performing the steps of:
E) periodically simulating and triggering a plan table, and displaying the hierarchical plan content of the plan table to a training target;
F) periodically reading the monitoring data of the chemical plant and video monitoring, analyzing whether the training target executes the hierarchical plan content, and prompting through an interactive terminal until the training target completes execution according to the hierarchical plan content if the training target is not executed according to the hierarchical plan content; if the training target does not trigger the interactive terminal prompt, namely the training target completes execution according to the content of the grading plan, the training target is judged to pass the examination on the corresponding grade of the plan table, otherwise, the examination is judged not to pass.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method of supervising, training and examining the safety of a chemical plant,
the pre-arranged plan table established in the step B comprises a pre-arranged plan object, a grade, a grading triggering condition, a grading pre-arranged plan content, an associated variable, an associated triggering condition and a releasing condition, the pre-arranged plan object information comprises an object name, an object type and an object area, the grading triggering condition is a condition which needs to be met by monitoring data when the pre-arranged plan is triggered to correspond to the grade, the grading pre-arranged plan content is an accident handling method under the corresponding grade, the releasing condition is a condition which needs to be met by the monitoring data when the pre-arranged plan is released, the associated variable comprises the temperature of the area where the pre-arranged plan table object is located, the type of dangerous gas and the concentration of the dangerous gas, and the associated triggering condition is a condition which.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the method of supervising, training and examining the safety of a chemical plant,
the plan table established in the step B also comprises a plan table, a deduction time T and a delay correlation variable.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the method of supervising, training and examining the safety of a chemical plant,
in the step F, the method for analyzing whether the training target executes the hierarchical plan content or not through the chemical plant monitoring data and the video monitoring comprises the following steps:
F1) periodically acquiring the position of a training target through video monitoring;
F2) if the hierarchical plan content comprises the change of the production process parameters of the chemical plant, acquiring the monitoring data of the chemical plant through a DCS of the chemical plant, judging whether the corresponding production process parameters are correctly changed, if the corresponding production process parameters are correctly changed, judging that the training target executes the hierarchical plan content, and if the corresponding production process parameters are not correctly changed, prompting through an interactive terminal;
F3) if the hierarchical plan content comprises the requirement of training target transfer, the position of the training target is periodically obtained according to video monitoring in the subsequent time t1, if the training target moves according to the hierarchical plan content in the time t1, the training target is judged to execute the hierarchical plan content, otherwise, the training target is prompted to move according to the hierarchical plan content through the interactive terminal.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the method of supervising, training and examining the safety of a chemical plant,
in step F1, the method of obtaining the position of the training target includes:
F11) periodically obtaining images of each monitoring point location when the station area and the channel area of the chemical plant are free of personnel, and storing the images as reference images;
F12) periodically acquiring a real-time monitoring image of a monitoring point position corresponding to a training target, comparing the monitoring image with a reference image, filling pixels with the difference between the pixels at the same positions being lower than or equal to a set threshold value into white, and filling pixels with the difference between the pixels at the same positions being higher than the set threshold value into black;
F13) correlating positions in a chemical plant GIS model corresponding to pixels in the monitoring point positions;
F14) if the black pixel obtained in step F12 does not abut on the lower boundary of the monitor image, the GIS model position corresponding to the pixel at the bottom of the black pixel is set as the position of the training target.
6. A method for safety supervision, on-duty training and assessment of a chemical plant according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein step D further comprises: calculate the (N + N) th period T1And taking the state data of all the sub-areas as delay state data, listing the sub-areas with the change not exceeding a preset safety threshold value compared with the state before the accident, taking the sub-areas as delay safety sub-areas, continuously searching the delay safety sub-areas from the post position of each employee in sequence, and sending an alarm and displaying the alarm to the operator on duty if the delay safety sub-areas can not be found to reach a safety exit.
7. The method of claim 4, wherein the method of supervising, training and examining the safety of a chemical plant,
in step C1, the method for deriving the temperature value of the associated variable of each protocol table includes:
if the plan object of the plan table is isolated from the airflow channel of the fire area or the airflow resistance of the airflow channel is greater than a set threshold value, the temperature value of the associated variable of the plan table is kept unchanged;
if the resistance of the air flow channel between the plan object of the plan table and the fire situation area is less than or equal to the set threshold, judging whether the air flow channel area is windless, if the air flow channel area is windless, obtaining the temperature value of the associated variable of the plan table according to the air heat conduction rule, if the air flow channel area is windy, judging whether the plan object of the plan table is in the air outlet, if the air flow channel area is windy, judging whether the time t between the plan object of the plan table and the fire situation is less than or equal to Ds/vwIn the interior, obtaining the temperature value of the associated variable of the plan table according to the air heat conduction rule, wherein DsIs the distance between the plan object area and the fire area, vwThe time t is more than D from the occurrence of the fire condition according to the wind speeds/vwThe temperature value of the related variable of the plan table is Cm，
Cm＝βCt，β∈[0.6，1]
CtThe temperature value of the edge of the fire area is β is an adjustment coefficient, the smaller the distance between the plan object area and the fire area is, or the smaller the resistance of the airflow channel between the plan object area and the fire area is, β takes a larger value, and if the plan object of the plan table is at the air inlet, the temperature value of the associated variable of the plan table is obtained according to the air heat conduction rule.
8. The method of claim 4, wherein the method of supervising, training and examining the safety of a chemical plant,
in step C2, the method for deriving the concentration of the hazardous gas for the associated variable of each protocol table is:
if the plan object of the plan table is isolated from the airflow channel of the dangerous gas leakage area or the airflow resistance of the airflow channel is larger than a set threshold value, the dangerous gas concentration of the associated variable of the plan table is kept unchanged;
if the resistance of the plan object of the plan table and the airflow channel resistance of the dangerous gas leakage area is smaller than or equal to the set threshold, the leakage source is used as the center to divide eight directions uniformly along the horizontal direction, the upper direction and the lower direction are divided along the vertical direction, and the flow proportion delta of the dangerous gas in sixteen directions is judged according to the plant layout of the chemical plant, the density of the dangerous gas, the wind direction and the wind speedr，r∈[1，16]Then the dangerous gas concentration Q of the associated variable of the plan tabley＝δuQ, wherein δuThe azimuth of the plan target area of the plan table at the leakage source is shown, and Q is the concentration of the hazardous gas at the leakage source.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the method of supervising, training and assessing the safety of a chemical plant,
determining the flow rate ratio delta of the dangerous gas in sixteen directionsrThe method comprises the following steps:
determining the flow ratio in the horizontal direction: selecting a certain airflow channel as a reference channel according to the plant layout of a chemical plant, further determining the resistance ratio of airflow channels in the rest seven horizontal directions relative to the reference channel, if no airflow channel exists in a certain direction, the resistance ratio of the airflow channels is infinite, taking the reciprocal of the resistance ratio in each direction as a weight, if a leakage area is windy, determining the flow proportion of a plurality of downward wind directions according to the weight distribution, wherein the flow proportion of the rest directions is 0, and if the leakage area is windless, determining the flow proportion of eight horizontal directions according to the weight distribution;
determining the flow ratio in the vertical direction: if the hazardous gas is heavy gas, the flow rate ratio in the upper direction is 0, the flow rate ratios in the eight directions in the lower direction are equal to the flow rate ratios determined in the horizontal direction, if the hazardous gas density is equal to air, the flow rate ratios in the upper direction and the lower direction are respectively equal to half of the flow rate ratios determined in the horizontal direction, if the hazardous gas density is less than the air density, the flow rate ratio in the lower direction is 0, and the flow rate ratios in the eight directions in the upper direction are equal to the flow rate ratios determined in the horizontal direction.
10. A chemical plant safety supervision, on-duty training and assessment system for performing a chemical plant safety supervision, on-duty training and assessment method according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
including data acquisition unit, data processing unit, memory, video monitoring subsystem and a plurality of interactive terminal, the DCS communication of data acquisition unit and chemical plant acquires the monitoring data of chemical plant and saves in the memory, a plurality of interactive terminal installs respectively in chemical plant personnel's work post department, the video monitoring subsystem control chemical plant personnel's work post region and chemical plant's passageway region, a plurality of interactive terminal, memory and video monitoring subsystem all are connected with the data processing unit.
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