CN111244958A - Closed-loop global synchronous pulse width modulation method based on cyclic disturbance observation - Google Patents

Closed-loop global synchronous pulse width modulation method based on cyclic disturbance observation Download PDF

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CN111244958A
CN111244958A CN202010170113.1A CN202010170113A CN111244958A CN 111244958 A CN111244958 A CN 111244958A CN 202010170113 A CN202010170113 A CN 202010170113A CN 111244958 A CN111244958 A CN 111244958A
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pulse width
inverter
width modulation
phase angle
disturbance observation
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许涛
高峰
蒿天衢
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Shandong University
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    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
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Abstract

The utility model provides a closed loop global synchronous pulse width modulation method based on cyclic disturbance observation, which relates to the technical field of electrical control.A sampling module obtains an effective value of high-frequency harmonic current through high-speed sampling and sends the obtained effective value to each inverter; the inverter sequentially perturbs the phase of the pulse width modulation wave under the control of the controller by a cyclic perturbation observation method, and judges the adjustment direction of the phase angle of the pulse width modulation wave according to the received effective value, when the mth inverter finishes one perturbation observation, the (m + 1) th inverter carries out perturbation observation to adjust the phase angle of the pulse width modulation wave, and when all the inverters adjust the phase angle of the pulse width modulation wave by the perturbation observation, the perturbation observation process is repeated from the first inverter; the method and the device solve the problem that the real optimal phase angle cannot be obtained in the prior art, and can still ensure the minimum total harmonic distortion of the output total current when the operation parameters of the inverter are uncertain.

Description

Closed-loop global synchronous pulse width modulation method based on cyclic disturbance observation
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the technical field of electrical control, in particular to a closed-loop global synchronous pulse width modulation method based on cyclic disturbance observation.
Background
The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
In recent years, with the environmental deterioration, attention has been paid to renewable energy power generation technology and distributed power generation technology. The grid-connected inverter can access the distributed power source to an alternating current power grid, and is key equipment for accessing the distributed power source to the alternating current power grid. Due to the existence of power electronic devices, the output current of the grid-connected inverter contains a large amount of higher harmonics. Various methods for reducing higher harmonics are proposed in the prior patents and documents, including increasing the switching frequency, the filter parameters, the filter order, adopting an interleaved parallel structure, a multilevel structure, etc., but these methods all increase the difficulty of controlling the inverter and the cost of the inverter, and most of these methods are directed to a single inverter.
In a power grid, a plurality of distributed grid-connected inverters are generally connected to the power grid in parallel. A plurality of grid-connected inverters are connected into a common grid-connected Point (PCC), the total number of the inverters is defined as N, the inverter number is defined as m (m is 1, …, N), and the output current of the inverter m is represented as imThe total harmonic distortion of which is expressed as THDmThe total grid-connected current is denoted as isumTotal harmonic distortion is expressed as THDsum. In general, imContains a large number of higher harmonics which are randomly superposed on PCC, and finally i is causedsumVaries between a minimum and a maximum.
Scientific researchers have proposed a global synchronous pulse width modulation system of a distributed grid-connected inverter system, and the basic structure of the global pulse width modulation system is determined, the system comprises a main control unit (global synchronous unit) and a plurality of grid-connected inverters located at different geographic positions, each grid-connected inverter is connected with a distributed power supply, each grid-connected inverter is connected with a power grid through a public grid-connected point, and the main control unit is communicated with all the grid-connected inverters. The main control unit receives information of each grid-connected inverter, after a global synchronization strategy is determined, global synchronization signals containing the global synchronization strategy are respectively sent to each grid-connected inverter, each grid-connected inverter utilizes the global synchronization signals to adjust the phase of pulse width modulation waves of the grid-connected inverter, and therefore harmonic cancellation can be achieved among the pulse width modulation waves of each grid-connected inverterSo as to cancel the harmonic current injected into the grid by each grid-connected inverter. The method can effectively reduce isumThe harmonic content of (a). However, the main drawback of this method is that the phase angle of the pwm wave needs to calculate the optimal phase according to the parameters of the inverter, and in practical applications, the actual parameters of the inverter are difficult to obtain.
Scientific researchers provide a method for carrying out pulse width modulation wave synchronization by using a phase-locked result of a phase-locked loop, and the method can enable an inverter to realize pulse width modulation wave synchronization under the condition of no communication, thereby improving the applicability of a global synchronous pulse width modulation method. However, this method still cannot calculate the optimal phase angle of the pwm wave without knowing the inverter parameters.
The inventor of the present disclosure finds that the existing global synchronous pulse width modulation methods calculate the optimal phase angle on the basis of the known inverter operating parameters, and when the inverter parameters are unknown or change during operation, the existing methods cannot obtain the true optimal phase angle, which further results in THDsumCannot be controlled to a minimum value.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the disclosure provides a closed-loop global synchronous pulse width modulation method based on cyclic disturbance observation, which is not influenced by the change of operating parameters, can adjust the phase of a pulse width modulation wave according to the closed loop of the parameters, and can still ensure the minimum total harmonic distortion of output total current when the operating parameters of an inverter are uncertain, particularly when the output inductance value is uncertain.
In order to achieve the purpose, the following technical scheme is adopted in the disclosure:
the disclosure provides a closed-loop global synchronous pulse width modulation method based on cyclic disturbance observation.
A closed-loop global synchronous pulse width modulation method based on cyclic disturbance observation comprises a sampling module, a first controller and a plurality of inverters, and comprises the following steps:
the sampling module is used for sampling to obtain an effective value of the high-frequency harmonic current and sending the effective value to each inverter;
each inverter sequentially perturbs the phase of the pulse width modulation wave under the control of the first controller, and judges the adjustment direction of the phase angle of the pulse width modulation wave according to the effective value of the received high-frequency harmonic current;
and after the m & ltth & gt inverter finishes one disturbance observation, the m & lt +1 & gt inverter performs the disturbance observation to adjust the phase angle of the PWM wave, and after all the inverters adjust the phase angle of the PWM wave through the disturbance observation, the disturbance observation is started from the first inverter.
A second aspect of the present disclosure provides a closed-loop globally synchronized pulse width modulation system based on cyclic perturbation observation.
A closed-loop global synchronous pulse width modulation system based on cyclic disturbance observation comprises a sampling module, a first controller and a plurality of inverters, wherein the sampling module is used for sampling to obtain an effective value of high-frequency harmonic current and sending the effective value to each inverter;
each inverter sequentially perturbs the phase of the pulse width modulation wave under the control of the first controller, and judges the adjustment direction of the phase angle of the pulse width modulation wave according to the effective value of the received high-frequency harmonic current;
and after the m & ltth & gt inverter finishes one disturbance observation, the m & lt +1 & gt inverter performs the disturbance observation to adjust the phase angle of the PWM wave, and after all the inverters adjust the phase angle of the PWM wave through the disturbance observation, the disturbance observation is started from the first inverter.
A third aspect of the present disclosure provides an inverter.
An inverter perturbs a phase of a pulse width modulated wave in accordance with a received command and determines an adjustment direction of the phase angle of the pulse width modulated wave in accordance with an effective value of a received high frequency harmonic current.
A fourth aspect of the present disclosure provides a photovoltaic system.
A photovoltaic system includes a plurality of inverters, each inverter receiving an effective value of a high frequency harmonic current in real time;
each inverter sequentially perturbs the phase of the pulse width modulation wave according to the received instruction, and judges the adjustment direction of the phase angle of the pulse width modulation wave according to the effective value of the received high-frequency harmonic current;
and after the m & ltth & gt inverter finishes one disturbance observation, the m & lt +1 & gt inverter performs the disturbance observation to adjust the phase angle of the PWM wave, and after all the inverters adjust the phase angle of the PWM wave through the disturbance observation, the disturbance observation is started from the first inverter.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of this disclosure is:
1. the pulse width modulation method, the pulse width modulation system, the inverter and the photovoltaic system can still ensure the THD of the total output current when the inverter operation parameters are uncertain, particularly the output inductance value is uncertainsumAnd minimum.
2. The pulse width modulation method, the pulse width modulation system, the inverter and the photovoltaic system are not influenced by the change of the operation parameters, and the phase of the pulse width modulation wave can be adjusted in a closed loop mode according to the parameters.
3. According to the pulse width modulation method, the pulse width modulation system, the inverter and the photovoltaic system, the adjustment direction of the phase angle of the pulse width modulation wave can be judged according to the effective value of the received high-frequency harmonic current, and the accuracy of the phase angle of the pulse width modulation wave is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a closed-loop global synchronous pulse width modulation method based on cyclic disturbance observation according to embodiment 1 of the present disclosure.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a closed-loop globally synchronized pulse width modulation system based on cyclic disturbance observation according to embodiment 2 of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present disclosure. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
The embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, an embodiment 1 of the present disclosure provides a closed-loop global synchronous pulse width modulation method based on cyclic disturbance observation, where there are a total current measurement module, a plurality of inverters, and a cyclic disturbance observation method controller, and a pulse width wave phase disturbance observation module is arranged in a single inverter;
the total current measurement module obtains an effective value I of the high-frequency harmonic current through high-speed samplingsum,hAnd I to be obtainedsum,hTo each inverter.
The inverter sequentially perturbs the phase of the pulse width modulation wave under the control of the controller by the cyclic perturbation observation method and receives the phase Isum,hAnd judging the adjustment direction of the phase angle of the pulse width modulation wave.
After the inverter m completes one disturbance observation, the inverter m +1 performs the disturbance observation to adjust the phase angle of the pulse width modulation wave. After all inverters adjust the pwm wave phase angle through disturbance observation, the above process is repeated from inverter 2.
The cyclic perturbation-observation controller is configured to perform the following actions:
sending an enabling signal to the mth inverter;
receiving a completion signal sent by the mth inverter and sending an enabling signal to the (m + 1) th inverter;
and if the m +1 is larger than the preset threshold value, setting the mth inverter as the first inverter, and repeating the steps.
Each inverter is based on the received Isum,hDetermining phase angle of pulse width modulated waveThe direction is adjusted by the following specific method:
(1-1) phase Angle of inverter
Figure BDA0002408888310000061
From the calculated optimum phase angle
Figure BDA0002408888310000062
And correcting the phase angle
Figure BDA0002408888310000063
Consists of the following components:
Figure BDA0002408888310000064
(1-2) judging whether an enabling signal is received by a pulse width wave phase disturbance observation module positioned in a single inverter, if the enabling signal is received, carrying out disturbance observation, and if the enabling signal is not received, keeping a phase angle of a pulse width modulation wave unchanged;
(1-3) after receiving the enable signal, currently recording the currently received Isum,hAnd is represented as
Figure BDA0002408888310000065
(1-4): the pulse width modulation wave corrected phase angle becomes:
Figure BDA0002408888310000066
and records the currently received Isum,hAnd is represented as
Figure BDA0002408888310000067
(1-5): the pulse width modulation wave corrected phase angle becomes:
Figure BDA0002408888310000068
and records the currently received Isum,hAnd is represented as
Figure BDA0002408888310000069
(1-6) comparison
Figure BDA00024088883100000610
Figure BDA00024088883100000611
And find the minimum value:
if it is
Figure BDA00024088883100000612
And if the minimum, keeping the corrected phase angle of the initial pulse width modulation wave observed in the next disturbance unchanged:
Figure BDA0002408888310000071
if it is
Figure BDA0002408888310000072
And if the minimum value is reached, the corrected phase angle of the initial pulse width modulation wave observed in the next perturbation becomes:
Figure BDA0002408888310000073
if it is
Figure BDA0002408888310000074
And if the minimum value is reached, the corrected phase angle of the initial pulse width modulation wave observed in the next perturbation becomes:
Figure BDA0002408888310000075
(2-7) after finishing the disturbance observation method for one time, the inverter m sends a signal for finishing disturbance to the circulating disturbance observation control module, and finishes the disturbance observation process. And (4) repeating the steps (1-2) to (1-6) if the enabling signal is received again.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 2, an embodiment 2 of the present disclosure provides a closed-loop global synchronous pulse width modulation system based on cyclic disturbance observation, including a total current measurement module, a plurality of inverters, and a cyclic disturbance observation controller;
the total current measuring module is used for sampling to obtain an effective value of the high-frequency harmonic current and sending the effective value to each inverter;
each inverter sequentially perturbs the phase of the pulse width modulation wave under the control of the controller of the cyclic perturbation observation method, and judges the adjustment direction of the phase angle of the pulse width modulation wave according to the effective value of the received high-frequency harmonic current;
and after the m & ltth & gt inverter finishes one disturbance observation, the m & lt +1 & gt inverter performs the disturbance observation to adjust the phase angle of the PWM wave, and after all the inverters adjust the phase angle of the PWM wave through the disturbance observation, the disturbance observation is started from the first inverter.
The working method of the pulse width modulation system is the same as the pulse width modulation method in embodiment 1, and is not described herein again.
Example 3:
the embodiment 3 of the present disclosure provides an inverter that perturbs a phase of a pulse width modulated wave according to a received instruction and determines an adjustment direction of the phase angle of the pulse width modulated wave according to a received effective value of a high-frequency harmonic current.
A pulse width wave phase disturbance observation module is arranged in each inverter and is used for receiving an enabling signal sent by the cyclic disturbance observation control module and I sent by the harmonic effective value measurement modulesum,h。
When the enable signal is received, perturbing the pulse width modulated wave phase angle and observing Isum,hAccording to the closed-loop trend, the change direction of the phase angle of the pulse width modulation wave is adjusted, and the specific adjusting method is as follows:
(2-1) phase Angle of inverter
Figure BDA0002408888310000081
From the calculated optimum phase angle
Figure BDA0002408888310000082
And correctionPhase angle
Figure BDA0002408888310000083
Consists of the following components:
Figure BDA0002408888310000084
(2-2) judging whether an enabling signal is received by a pulse width wave phase disturbance observation module positioned in a single inverter, if the enabling signal is received, carrying out disturbance observation, and if the enabling signal is not received, keeping a phase angle of a pulse width modulation wave unchanged;
(2-3) after receiving the enable signal, currently recording the currently received Isum,hAnd is represented as
Figure BDA0002408888310000085
(2-4): the pulse width modulation wave corrected phase angle becomes:
Figure BDA0002408888310000086
and records the currently received Isum,hAnd is represented as
Figure BDA0002408888310000087
(2-5): the pulse width modulation wave corrected phase angle becomes:
Figure BDA0002408888310000088
and records the currently received Isum,hAnd is represented as
Figure BDA0002408888310000091
(2-6) comparison
Figure BDA0002408888310000092
Figure BDA0002408888310000093
And find the minimum value:
if it is
Figure BDA0002408888310000094
And if the minimum, keeping the corrected phase angle of the initial pulse width modulation wave observed in the next disturbance unchanged:
Figure BDA0002408888310000095
if it is
Figure BDA0002408888310000096
And if the minimum value is reached, the corrected phase angle of the initial pulse width modulation wave observed in the next perturbation becomes:
Figure BDA0002408888310000097
if it is
Figure BDA0002408888310000098
And if the minimum value is reached, the corrected phase angle of the initial pulse width modulation wave observed in the next perturbation becomes:
Figure BDA0002408888310000099
(2-7) after finishing the disturbance observation method for one time, the inverter m sends a signal for finishing disturbance to the circulating disturbance observation control module, and finishes the disturbance observation process. And (3) repeating the steps (2-2) to (2-6) if the enabling signal is received again.
Example 4:
the embodiment 4 of the present disclosure provides a photovoltaic system, including a plurality of inverters, each of which receives an effective value of a high-frequency harmonic current in real time;
each inverter sequentially perturbs the phase of the pulse width modulation wave according to the received instruction, and judges the adjustment direction of the phase angle of the pulse width modulation wave according to the effective value of the received high-frequency harmonic current;
and after the m & ltth & gt inverter finishes one disturbance observation, the m & lt +1 & gt inverter performs the disturbance observation to adjust the phase angle of the PWM wave, and after all the inverters adjust the phase angle of the PWM wave through the disturbance observation, the disturbance observation is started from the first inverter.
Further comprising a controller configured to perform the acts of:
sending an enabling signal to the mth inverter;
receiving a completion signal sent by the mth inverter and sending an enabling signal to the (m + 1) th inverter;
and if the m +1 is larger than the preset threshold value, setting the mth inverter as the first inverter, and repeating the steps.
Judging the adjustment direction of the phase angle of the pulse width modulation wave according to the effective value of the received high-frequency harmonic current, which specifically comprises the following steps:
the specific method for determining the adjustment direction of the phase angle of the pwm wave according to the effective value of the received high-frequency harmonic current is the same as that in embodiment 3, and is not described here again.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure and is not intended to limit the present disclosure, and various modifications and changes may be made to the present disclosure by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present disclosure should be included in the protection scope of the present disclosure.

Claims (10)

1. A closed-loop global synchronous pulse width modulation method based on cyclic disturbance observation comprises a sampling module, a first controller and a plurality of inverters, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the sampling module is used for sampling to obtain an effective value of the high-frequency harmonic current and sending the effective value to each inverter;
each inverter sequentially perturbs the phase of the pulse width modulation wave under the control of the first controller, and judges the adjustment direction of the phase angle of the pulse width modulation wave according to the effective value of the received high-frequency harmonic current;
and after one inverter finishes one disturbance observation, the next inverter performs disturbance observation to adjust the phase angle of the PWM wave, and after all the inverters adjust the phase angle of the PWM wave through the disturbance observation, the first inverter starts the disturbance observation.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein each inverter includes a pwm wave phase perturbation observation module for determining whether an enable signal from the first controller is received, and if the enable signal is received, performing perturbation observation, and if the enable signal is not received, keeping the pwm wave phase angle unchanged.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein when an enable signal is received, currently recording the effective value of the currently received high frequency harmonic current;
respectively increasing and decreasing the current pulse width modulation wave corrected phase angle by preset values to obtain a first pulse width modulation wave corrected phase angle and a second pulse width modulation wave corrected phase angle, and respectively recording effective values of the received high-frequency harmonic current under the first pulse width modulation wave corrected phase angle and the second pulse width modulation wave corrected phase angle;
and comparing the obtained effective values of the three high-frequency harmonic currents, and taking the pulse width modulation wave corrected phase angle corresponding to the minimum effective value of the high-frequency harmonic current as the initial pulse width modulation wave corrected phase angle observed by the next disturbance of the inverter.
4. A closed-loop globally synchronous pulse width modulation method based on cyclic disturbance observation according to claim 3, characterized in that the phase angle of the inverter
Figure FDA0002408888300000021
Including the optimum phase angle
Figure FDA0002408888300000022
And correcting the phase angle
Figure FDA0002408888300000023
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
Figure FDA0002408888300000024
5. the closed-loop global synchronous pulse width modulation method based on the cyclic disturbance observation as claimed in claim 1, wherein after each inverter finishes one disturbance observation method, a signal for completing the disturbance is sent to the cyclic disturbance observation control module, the current disturbance observation process is finished, and the disturbance observation step is repeated if an enable signal is received again.
6. A closed-loop global synchronous pulse width modulation system based on cyclic disturbance observation is characterized by comprising a sampling module, a first controller and a plurality of inverters, wherein the sampling module is used for sampling and obtaining an effective value of high-frequency harmonic current and sending the effective value to each inverter;
each inverter sequentially perturbs the phase of the pulse width modulation wave under the control of the first controller, and judges the adjustment direction of the phase angle of the pulse width modulation wave according to the effective value of the received high-frequency harmonic current;
and after one inverter finishes one disturbance observation, the next inverter performs disturbance observation to adjust the phase angle of the PWM wave, and after all the inverters adjust the phase angle of the PWM wave through the disturbance observation, the first inverter starts the disturbance observation.
7. The closed-loop global synchronous pulse width modulation system based on cyclic disturbance observation as claimed in claim 6, wherein the sampling module is a total current measuring module for obtaining effective value of high frequency harmonic current by sampling at a preset speed;
alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
each inverter comprises a pulse width modulation wave phase disturbance observation module which is used for judging whether an enabling signal sent by the first controller is received or not, if the enabling signal is received, disturbance observation is carried out, and if the enabling signal is not received, the phase angle of the pulse width modulation wave is kept unchanged;
when an enabling signal is received, currently recording the effective value of the currently received high-frequency harmonic current;
respectively increasing and decreasing the current pulse width modulation wave corrected phase angle by preset values to obtain a first pulse width modulation wave corrected phase angle and a second pulse width modulation wave corrected phase angle, and respectively recording effective values of the received high-frequency harmonic current under the first pulse width modulation wave corrected phase angle and the second pulse width modulation wave corrected phase angle;
and comparing the obtained effective values of the three high-frequency harmonic currents, and taking the pulse width modulation wave corrected phase angle corresponding to the minimum effective value of the high-frequency harmonic current as the initial pulse width modulation wave corrected phase angle observed by the next disturbance of the inverter.
8. An inverter, characterized in that the inverter perturbs the phase of a pulse width modulated wave in accordance with a received command and determines the adjustment direction of the phase angle of the pulse width modulated wave in accordance with the effective value of the received high frequency harmonic current.
9. A photovoltaic system comprising a plurality of inverters, each inverter receiving in real time an effective value of a high frequency harmonic current;
each inverter sequentially perturbs the phase of the pulse width modulation wave according to the received instruction, and judges the adjustment direction of the phase angle of the pulse width modulation wave according to the effective value of the received high-frequency harmonic current;
and after one inverter finishes one disturbance observation, the next inverter performs disturbance observation to adjust the phase angle of the PWM wave, and after all the inverters adjust the phase angle of the PWM wave through the disturbance observation, the first inverter starts the disturbance observation.
10. The photovoltaic system of claim 9, further comprising a controller configured to perform the actions of:
sending an enabling signal to the mth inverter;
receiving a completion signal sent by the mth inverter and sending an enabling signal to the (m + 1) th inverter;
and if the m +1 is larger than the preset threshold value, setting the mth inverter as the first inverter, and repeating the steps.
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