CN111242420B - Comprehensive performance multidimensional evaluation method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a comprehensive performance multidimensional evaluation method, which is used for a rail transit power supply system of a bilateral power supply structure and comprises the following steps: establishing a multidimensional comprehensive evaluation index of the system power quality dimension, the system application economy dimension and the system operation stability dimension; different evaluation algorithms are adopted for different system evaluation dimensions, including evaluation is carried out by adopting a projection pursuit method based on a genetic algorithm for the comprehensive power quality of the system, evaluation is carried out by adopting an approximate ideal solution ordering method based on an application variation coefficient method for the application economy of the system, and evaluation is carried out by adopting an approximate ideal solution ordering method based on a mean square error method for the operation stability of the system; and according to the system operation scene requirement, weight is distributed to each dimension index evaluation result, and the comprehensive performance multidimensional evaluation result of the rail transit power supply system which is finally used for the bilateral power supply structure is obtained. The invention obviously improves the correctness, rationality, scientificity, effectiveness and comprehensiveness of the evaluation method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of comprehensive evaluation of system performance and power supply systems, in particular to a comprehensive performance multidimensional evaluation method which is used for a rail transit power supply system with a bilateral power supply structure.
Background
The construction of the rail transit makes a great contribution to the development of the urban rail transit. As an important component of the rail transit system, the rail transit power supply system converts and delivers the electrical energy required by the rail transit locomotive. Meanwhile, because the traction network has low electric energy loss, the rail transit locomotive has low electric energy loss in live running, the traction network can be ensured to continuously supply power when a certain traction substation breaks down, and the bilateral power supply structure is used as the most common and stable structure and has been widely applied to rail transit power supply systems. On the other hand, with the large-scale construction and application of the rail transit power supply system for the bilateral power supply structure, the comprehensive performance of the system under different demand scenes is difficult to quantitatively and comprehensively evaluate, so that global and integral evaluation on the running level of the existing rail transit power supply system is difficult to perform, and a powerful design theoretical basis is lacking when a novel rail transit power supply system is newly built, rebuilt and upgraded. Therefore, a reasonable and effective multidimensional evaluation method is necessary to be adopted for the comprehensive performance of the typical rail transit power supply system for the bilateral power supply structure, the comprehensive evaluation is carried out on the rail transit power supply system with the multi-attribute system structure, powerful theoretical basis is provided for equipment type selection, capacity design, structure planning and the like in different demand scenes,
The existing comprehensive evaluation methods of the system are more, but the evaluation methods for the comprehensive performance of the rail transit power supply system for the bilateral power supply structure are very few, so that the system is difficult to evaluate scientifically and effectively. In addition, the existing comprehensive evaluation method of the system still has the following defects: the existing comprehensive performance evaluation method only usually focuses on the performance of the equipment in the system, and ignores the overall operation condition of the system; the existing comprehensive performance evaluation method only adopts a single evaluation algorithm to evaluate system indexes with different attributes, so that the evaluation results of the dimension indexes of each system are biased, and the evaluation accuracy of the overall performance is affected; for different requirements, the rail transit power supply systems with different comprehensive performances for the bilateral power supply structure are often evaluated qualitatively by the existing comprehensive performance evaluation method under a single requirement, so that the evaluation result is lack of comprehensiveness.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the foregoing, it is necessary to provide a multi-dimensional evaluation method for the comprehensive performance of a rail transit power supply system with a bilateral power supply structure, so as to solve the defects of few evaluation index dimensions, single evaluation method, fixed evaluation scene, excessively high subjective evaluation factor ratio and the like in the conventional comprehensive evaluation in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a comprehensive performance multidimensional assessment method is used for a rail transit power supply system of a bilateral power supply structure, and comprises the following steps:
establishing a multidimensional comprehensive evaluation index of the system power quality dimension, the system application economy dimension and the system operation stability dimension;
different evaluation algorithms are adopted for different system evaluation dimensions, including evaluation is carried out by adopting a projection pursuit method based on a genetic algorithm for the comprehensive power quality of the system, evaluation is carried out by adopting an approximate ideal solution ordering method based on an application variation coefficient method for the application economy of the system, and evaluation is carried out by adopting an approximate ideal solution ordering method based on a mean square error method for the operation stability of the system;
and according to the system operation scene requirement, weight is distributed to each dimension index evaluation result, and the comprehensive performance multidimensional evaluation result of the rail transit power supply system which is finally used for the bilateral power supply structure is obtained.
Further, different comprehensive power quality evaluation weights, system application economy evaluation weights and system operation stability evaluation weights of the system are distributed according to different operation scene demands of the system.
Further, the power supply of the rail transit power supply system of the bilateral power supply structure is from two different external urban power grids, and the electric energy is converted and transmitted to the uplink contact net and the downlink contact net through the traction power conversion system so as to meet the power consumption requirement of rail transit locomotives; for a station with a traction power supply system, the power supply system comprises a traction transformer substation and an auxiliary power supply and distribution system for electric power illumination mainly comprising a step-down transformer substation; for a station of the low-voltage power distribution system, the power supply system is an auxiliary power supply and distribution system for power illumination mainly of a step-down transformer substation;
the rail transit power supply system of the bilateral power supply structure comprises 2 stations with traction power supply systems and 3-5 stations with low-voltage power distribution systems, and the rail transit stations of the low-voltage power distribution systems are positioned between the 2 stations with traction power supply systems; 2 station electric energy with traction power supply system is supplied by different external urban power grids, and the converted direct current electric energy is supplied to the same uplink contact net and the same downlink contact net; the traction power supply system comprises a traction transformer substation, a rectifier, power monitoring, a wired network and protection equipment; the low-voltage distribution system comprises a step-down transformer station, a low-voltage bus, distribution equipment, cables and electrical equipment;
The bus voltage level of the external urban power grid is 110kV alternating current, the bus voltage level of the rail transit station network side is 35kV alternating current, and the voltage level of the uplink and downlink contact networks is 1500V direct current.
Further, the system power quality dimension evaluation indexes comprise a traction substation I power quality index and a traction substation II power quality index, namely a 110kV alternating current bus I power quality index, a 110kV alternating current bus II power quality index, a 35kV alternating current bus I power quality index, a 35kV alternating current bus II power quality index and a 1500V direct current bus power quality index; the 110kV alternating current bus I power quality index and the 110kV alternating current bus II power quality index comprise power supply three-phase voltage deviation, power supply frequency deviation, three-phase voltage total harmonic distortion, three-phase current total harmonic distortion, three-phase voltage unbalance and three-phase current unbalance; the 35kV alternating current bus I power quality index and the 35kV alternating current bus II power quality index comprise power supply three-phase voltage deviation, power supply frequency deviation, three-phase voltage total harmonic distortion, three-phase current total harmonic distortion, three-phase voltage unbalance and three-phase current unbalance; the 1500V direct current bus power quality index comprises power supply voltage deviation and maximum voltage deviation rate.
Further, the system application economy evaluation index comprises system initial investment cost, system occupied area, system running loss, system maintenance cost and system equipment life cycle.
Further, the system operation stability evaluation index comprises a system average power shortage index (ANES), a user average power outage duration index (CAIDI), a user average power outage frequency index (CAIFI), an expected electric energy deficiency value (EENS), a system average power outage duration index (SAIDI) and a system average power outage frequency index (SAIFI).
Further, a projection pursuit method based on a genetic algorithm is adopted for the comprehensive power quality of the system, and the calculation steps are as follows:
110kV alternating current bus I power quality index, 110kV alternating current bus II power quality index, 35kV alternating current bus I power quality index and 35kV alternating current bus II power quality indexClassifying and grading the bus II power quality index and the 1500V direct current bus power quality index, and selecting a 95% probability value of a 110kV alternating current bus I power quality index sample, a 95% probability value of a 110kV alternating current bus II power quality index sample, a 95% probability value of a 35kV alternating current bus I power quality index sample, a 95% probability value of a 35kV alternating current bus II power quality index sample and a 95% probability value of a 1500V direct current bus power quality index sample as power quality evaluation samples And performing normalization treatment;
wherein x is ij As normalized index, x maxj N and m are the number of initial random projection indexes and evaluation indexes for the maximum value in the voltage class sample; suppose d j (j=1, 2 … m) andfor the corresponding projection direction and rating, then the one-dimensional projection value z i The calculation is as follows:
calculating z i Standard deviation S of (2) z Z i And (3) withCorrelation coefficient R between zω ：
Wherein E is z Is the sequence [ z ] i ]Average value E ω Is a sequence ofAverage value of (2); a projection objective function f (d) is calculated,
f(d)＝S z |R zω | (4)
according to equation (4), the projection objective function f (d) will be according to the projection direction d j And thus the optimal projection direction d is calculated by solving the maximum value of the projection objective function f (d) * ：
Calculating the projection direction d by adopting a global optimization method based on genetic algorithm j And to obtain the optimal projection direction d * Carrying out the piecewise linear interpolation approximation on the curve to obtain a piecewise continuous function; according to the obtained piecewise continuous function, 110kV alternating current bus I power quality rating, 110kV alternating current bus II power quality rating, 35kV alternating current bus I power quality rating, 35kV alternating current bus II power quality rating and 1500V direct current bus power quality rating can be obtained; according to the grading of each voltage grade, the system power quality of the rail transit power supply system for the bilateral power supply structure can be evaluated by adopting a characteristic value weighting method, and corresponding quantitative calculation results and grading are obtained.
Further, aiming at the system application economy, an approximate ideal solution ordering method based on an application coefficient of variation method is adopted, and the calculation steps are as follows:
firstly, determining an evaluation matrix according to the dimension index of the system application economy, and assuming the number of the evaluation indexes to be w and each evaluation index to be y w Then the evaluation matrix Y is expressed as:
Y＝[y 1 ,y 2 ,y 3 ,L,y p L,y w ],p＝1,2,L w (6)
similarly, the evaluation weight matrix corresponding to the indexExpressed as:
different from the system power quality index, part of the system application economy index has negative directionality, namely, the smaller the index is, the better the application economy is; therefore, it is necessary to locate the negative index and convert it into the positive index for evaluation, and the forward formula of the index is:
wherein y' p (p=1, 2, …, w) is an economic evaluation index for the converted system application, γ is a conversion coefficient, and the value is usually 0.1; in addition, because the economic index units of the systems are different, in order to ensure the evaluation accuracy and correctness, the converted indexes are further normalized, and the dimensions of the indexes are removed by calculation to normalize the indexes; the normalized calculation formula is:
wherein y' p (p=1, 2, …, w) is an economic evaluation index applied to the system after dimensionality removal, and the corresponding standard matrix after dimensionality removal is Y'; thus, the average value thereof can be calculated And standard deviation S P ：
Combining the formula (9) and the formula (10), the computing system applies the economic evaluation index variation coefficient V p Evaluation rightsHeavy weight
After determining that the system applies the weight of the economic evaluation index, the weighted system applies the economic evaluation index matrix y″ to be expressed as:
the economic evaluation index matrix Y' of the weighting system is obtained, and the comprehensive evaluation can be carried out by adopting an approximate ideal solution ordering method; if the index is regarded as a variable in a coordinate system, a high-dimensional space is geometrically formed, each object to be evaluated is a point determined in the space by reflecting a plurality of index values thereof from the geometric perspective, and the comprehensive evaluation problem becomes the sorting and evaluation of the space points; firstly, determining reference points in space, including optimal and worst points, and then calculating the distance between each evaluation object and the reference point, wherein the closer to the optimal point or the farther from the worst point, the better the comprehensive characteristics of the evaluated object are described; since all the system application economy evaluation indexes are forward and dimensionalized, the maximum value in the indexes forms a positive ideal indexThe minimum value of each index constitutes the negative ideal index +.>Then apply the economic evaluation index from the system to the positive ideal index +. >And negative ideal index->Is expressed as the distance of (2)
Computing relative proximity
Wherein the method comprises the steps ofTo evaluate the index to the positive ideal index +.>Distance of->To evaluate the index to the positive ideal index +.>Is a distance of (2); according to the calculation result obtained by the formula (14), the application economy of the system is effectively and quantitatively evaluated; wherein the relative proximity +.>The larger the relative distance between the evaluation object and the ideal index is, the better the corresponding evaluation result is.
Further, aiming at the running stability of the system, an approximation ideal solution ordering method based on a mean square error method is adopted, and the calculation steps are as follows:
modeling the Power factor software according to the topological structure and system parameters of the rail transit Power supply system for the bilateral Power supply structure, performing simulation modeling on all-line Power transformation equipment, performing software simulation on all-line various protocols and control algorithms, and comprehensively and truly simulating all-line Power transformation stations of rail transit and the operation working conditions responsible for the lower end; through simulating the running condition, simulating and recording various faults or abnormal running states of the rail transit power supply system, and obtaining a system running stability evaluation index, wherein the system running stability evaluation index comprises a system average power shortage index (ANES), a user average power outage duration index (CAIDI), a user average power outage frequency index (CAIFI), an electric energy deficiency expected value (EENS), a system average power outage duration index (SAIDI) and a system average power outage frequency index (SAIFI);
According to the system operation stability evaluation index, assuming the number of evaluation indexes is s, establishing an evaluation matrix R,
R＝[R 1 ,R 2 ,R 3 ,L,R q L,R s ],q＝1,2,L s (15)
similarly, the evaluation weight matrix corresponding to the indexExpressed as:
considering that the evaluation index of the running stability of part of the system is a negative index, each index needs to be positively normalized, and the corresponding calculation formula is as follows:
wherein R 'is' q (p=1, 2, …, s) is an evaluation index of the operation stability of the system after conversion, and γ is a conversion coefficient, and is usually 0.1; on the other hand, the system operation stability evaluation index values such as CAIDI and SAIDI are smaller, and part of the system operation stability evaluation index units are different, and the system operation stability evaluation index units need to be dimensionalized and normalized, and the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein R' is " q (q=1, 2, …, s) is a dimensionalized system operation stability evaluation index, and the corresponding dimensionalized standard matrix is R'; obtaining a standard matrix as an average value of evaluation indexes in R':
and calculating the running stability evaluation index weight of the system by a mean square error method in combination with the evaluation index average value:
after the system operation stability evaluation index weight is obtained, the application economy evaluation index matrix R' of the weighting system is expressed as:
similar system application economy evaluation method, system operation stability evaluation index is evaluated by utilizing approach ideal solution ordering method, and economy evaluation index matrix R' is applied to weighting system " In (a) The maximum and minimum of the indexes respectively form a positive ideal indexNegative ideal index->Then go from the evaluation index to the positive ideal index +.>And negative ideal index->The distance of (2) is expressed as:
wherein the method comprises the steps ofTo evaluate the index to the positive ideal index +.>Distance of->To evaluate the index to the positive ideal index +.>Is a distance of (2); computing system application of economic evaluation index relative proximity +.>
According to the calculation result obtained by the formula (23), the operation stability of the system is effectively and quantitatively evaluated; wherein the relative proximity isThe larger the relative distance between the evaluation object and the ideal index is, the better the corresponding evaluation result is.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, according to the characteristics of different system evaluation dimensions, different evaluation algorithms are adopted to evaluate different dimensions respectively, so that the comprehensive performance of the rail transit power supply system for the bilateral power supply structure can be comprehensively, objectively and quantitatively evaluated, and meanwhile, the multi-dimensional index weight distribution can be carried out under any system scene requirement, and the accurate system evaluation result can be obtained. Aiming at the characteristics of multiple system power quality dimension evaluation indexes and different voltage class bus evaluation standards, a projection pursuit method based on a genetic algorithm is adopted for evaluation; aiming at the characteristics that the system application economic indexes have no fixed evaluation standard and the order and dimension of the economic indexes are different, the system application economic indexes are evaluated by adopting an approximate ideal solution ordering method based on an application variation coefficient method; aiming at the system operation stability errors caused by using the Power factor software simulation, an approximation ideal solution ordering method based on a mean square error method is adopted to eliminate the errors and evaluate the stability indexes of each system. The invention can intelligently extract the index characteristics of each dimension of the system, does not need any artificial weighting in the evaluation process, has objective and reasonable evaluation result and high credibility, can reflect the basic attribute and the overall development degree of the rail transit power supply system for the bilateral power supply structure, provides scientific guidance for scientific planning construction of urban rail transit construction, and opens up a new way for intelligent development of the comprehensive performance evaluation work of the rail transit power supply system.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a comprehensive performance multidimensional evaluation of a rail transit power supply system for a bilateral power architecture;
FIG. 2 is a track traffic power system of a typical bilateral power architecture;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a system power quality integrated assessment in the integrated performance multi-dimensional assessment method;
FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a system application economy evaluation in a comprehensive performance multi-dimensional evaluation method;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of system operational stability assessment in a comprehensive performance multi-dimensional assessment method.
Detailed Description
In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, the following detailed description of the technical solution of the present invention refers to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and that all other embodiments obtained by persons skilled in the art without making creative efforts based on the embodiments in the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.
Examples
The invention provides a comprehensive performance multidimensional evaluation method which is used for a rail transit power supply system of a bilateral power supply structure, and a flow chart is shown in figure 1. Establishing multidimensional comprehensive evaluation indexes related to the system power quality dimension, the system application economy dimension and the system operation stability dimension, and distributing weights to the evaluation results of the dimension indexes according to the system operation scene requirement to obtain comprehensive performance multidimensional evaluation results of the rail transit power supply system finally used for the bilateral power supply structure.
Meanwhile, different evaluation algorithms are adopted for different system evaluation dimensions, including evaluation by adopting a projection pursuit method based on a genetic algorithm for the comprehensive power quality of the system, evaluation by adopting an approximate ideal solution ordering method based on an application variation coefficient method for the application economy of the system, and evaluation by adopting an approximate ideal solution ordering method based on a mean square error method for the operation stability of the system.
The system power quality dimension evaluation index comprises a traction substation I power quality index and a traction substation II power quality index, namely a 110kV alternating current bus I power quality index, a 110kV alternating current bus II power quality index, a 35kV alternating current bus I power quality index, a 35kV alternating current bus II power quality index and a 1500V direct current bus power quality index. The 110kV alternating current bus I power quality index and the 110kV alternating current bus II power quality index comprise power supply three-phase voltage deviation, power supply frequency deviation, three-phase voltage total harmonic distortion, three-phase current total harmonic distortion, three-phase voltage unbalance and three-phase current unbalance; the 35kV alternating current bus I power quality index and the 35kV alternating current bus II power quality index comprise power supply three-phase voltage deviation, power supply frequency deviation, three-phase voltage total harmonic distortion, three-phase current total harmonic distortion, three-phase voltage unbalance and three-phase current unbalance; the 1500V direct current bus power quality index comprises power supply voltage deviation and maximum voltage deviation rate.
The system application economy evaluation index comprises system initial investment cost, system occupied area, system running loss, system maintenance cost and system equipment life cycle.
The system operation stability evaluation indexes comprise a system average power shortage amount index (ANES), a user average power outage duration index (CAIDI), a user average power outage frequency index (CAIFI), an expected electric energy deficiency value (EENS), a system average power outage duration index (SAIDI) and a system average power outage frequency index (SAIFI).
Aiming at different operation scene demands of the system, the invention distributes different comprehensive power quality evaluation weights of the system, economic evaluation weights of the system application and system operation stability evaluation weights. Further, according to the comprehensive power quality evaluation result of the system, the economic evaluation result of the system application and the system operation stability evaluation result, the comprehensive performance of the rail transit power supply system for the bilateral power supply structure under the operation scene requirement of the system is calculated.
The topology structure of the rail transit power supply system of the bilateral power supply structure is shown in fig. 2, the power supply of the rail transit power supply system is usually from two different external urban power grids, and the power is converted and transmitted to an uplink contact net and a downlink contact net through a traction power conversion system so as to meet the power consumption requirement of rail transit locomotives. For a station with a traction power supply system, the power supply system mainly comprises a traction transformer substation, an auxiliary power supply and distribution system such as electric lighting mainly comprising a step-down transformer substation and the like; for a station of a low-voltage power distribution system, a power supply system is mainly an auxiliary power supply and distribution system such as power illumination mainly of a step-down transformer substation.
The rail transit power supply system topology of the bilateral power supply structure is generally composed of 2 stations with traction power supply systems and 3-5 stations with low-voltage power distribution systems, and the rail transit stations of the low-voltage power distribution systems are positioned among the 2 stations with traction power supply systems; the 2 station electric energy with traction power supply system is supplied by different external urban power grids, and the converted direct current electric energy is supplied to the same uplink contact net and the same downlink contact net. The traction power supply system mainly comprises a traction transformer substation, a rectifier, power monitoring, a wired network, protection equipment and the like; the low-voltage distribution system mainly comprises a step-down transformer station, a low-voltage bus, distribution equipment, cables, electrical equipment and the like.
The bus voltage level of the external urban power grid is 110kV alternating current, the bus voltage level of the rail transit station network side is 35kV alternating current, and the voltage level of the uplink and downlink contact networks is 1500V direct current.
The projection pursuit method based on genetic algorithm is adopted for the comprehensive power quality of the system, the flow chart of the method is shown in figure 3, and the calculation steps are as follows:
classifying and grading 110kV alternating current bus I power quality index, 110kV alternating current bus II power quality index, 35kV alternating current bus I power quality index, 35kV alternating current bus II power quality index and 1500V direct current bus power quality index, and selecting 95% probability value of 110kV alternating current bus I power quality index sample, 95% probability value of 110kV alternating current bus II power quality index sample, 95% probability value of 35kV alternating current bus I power quality index sample, 95% probability value of 35kV alternating current bus II power quality index sample and 95% probability value of 1500V direct current bus power quality index sample as power quality evaluation samples And performing normalization treatment;
wherein x is ij As normalized index, x maxj For the voltage classIn the present case, the maximum values, n and m, are the numbers of initial random projection indices and evaluation indices. Suppose d j (j=1, 2 … m) andfor the corresponding projection direction and rating, then the one-dimensional projection value z i The following formula can be calculated:
calculating z i Standard deviation S of (2) z Z i And (3) withCorrelation coefficient R between zω ：
Wherein E is z Is the sequence [ z ] i ]Average value E ω Is a sequence ofAverage value of (2). Further, a projection objective function f (d) is calculated:
f(d)＝S z |R zω | (04)
according to formula (04), the projection objective function f (d) will be according to the projection direction d j And thus the optimal projection direction d can be calculated by solving the maximum of the projection objective function f (d) * ：
Further, a global optimization method based on a genetic algorithm is adopted to calculate the projection direction d j And to obtain the optimal projection direction d * Drawing each index sample by taking into a formula (05)The scatter diagram of the set is obtained, endpoint values corresponding to all levels of the scatter diagram are obtained, and meanwhile piecewise linear interpolation approximation is carried out on the curve to obtain a piecewise continuous function. According to the obtained piecewise continuous function, 110kV alternating current bus I power quality rating, 110kV alternating current bus II power quality rating, 35kV alternating current bus I power quality rating, 35kV alternating current bus II power quality rating and 1500V direct current bus power quality rating can be obtained. According to the grading of each voltage grade, the system power quality of the rail transit power supply system for the bilateral power supply structure can be estimated by further adopting a characteristic value weighting method, and corresponding quantitative calculation results and grading are obtained.
The method adopts an approach ideal solution ordering method based on an application variation coefficient method aiming at the system application economy, a method flow chart is shown in fig. 4, and the calculation steps are as follows:
firstly, determining an evaluation matrix according to the dimension index of the system application economy, and assuming the number of the evaluation indexes to be w and each evaluation index to be y w Then the evaluation matrix Y is expressed as:
Y＝[y 1 ,y 2 ,y 3 ,L,y p L,y w ],p＝1,2,L w (06)
similarly, the evaluation weight matrix corresponding to the indexCan be expressed as:
different from the system power quality index, part of the system application economy index has negative directionality, namely, the smaller the index is, the better the application economy is. Therefore, it is necessary to locate the negative index and convert it into the positive index for evaluation, and the forward formula of the index is:
wherein y' p (p=1, 2, …, w) is an economic evaluation index for the converted system application, γ is a conversion coefficient, and the value is usually 0.1. In addition, because the economic index units of the systems are different, in order to ensure the evaluation accuracy and correctness, the converted index should be further normalized, and the dimension thereof is removed by calculation to normalize the index. The normalized calculation formula is:
wherein y' p (p=1, 2, …, w) is an economic evaluation index applied to the system after dimensionality removal, and the corresponding standard matrix after dimensionality removal is Y'. Thus, the average value thereof can be calculated And standard deviation S P ：
By combining the formula (09) and the formula (10), the system application economic evaluation index variation coefficient V can be calculated p Evaluating weights
After determining the weight of the system application economic evaluation index, the weighted system application economic evaluation index matrix Y "may be expressed as:
the economic evaluation index matrix Y' is obtained by the weighting system, namely the approach ideal solution ordering can be adoptedAnd comprehensively evaluating the product by a method. If the index is regarded as a variable in the coordinate system, a high-dimensional space is geometrically formed, each object to be evaluated is a point determined in the space by reflecting a plurality of index values thereof from the geometric point of view, and the comprehensive evaluation problem becomes the sorting and evaluation of the spatial points. Firstly, determining reference points in space, including optimal and worst points, and then calculating the distance between each evaluation object and the reference point, wherein the closer to the optimal point or the farther from the worst point is, the better the comprehensive characteristics of the evaluated object are. Since all the system application economy evaluation indexes are forward and dimensionalized, the maximum value in the indexes forms a positive ideal indexThe minimum value of each index constitutes the negative ideal index +.>Then apply the economic evaluation index from the system to the positive ideal index +. >And negative ideal index->The distance of (2) can be expressed as:
further, relative proximity can be calculated
Wherein the method comprises the steps ofTo evaluate the index to the positive ideal index +.>Distance of->To evaluate the index to the positive ideal index +.>Is a distance of (2); based on the calculation result from equation (14), the system's application economy can be effectively quantitatively assessed. Wherein the relative proximity +.>The larger the relative distance between the evaluation object and the ideal index is, the better the corresponding evaluation result is.
Aiming at the system operation stability, a method for approaching ideal solution ordering based on a mean square error method is adopted, a flow chart of the method is shown in fig. 5, and the calculation steps are as follows:
according to the topological structure and system parameters of the rail transit Power supply system for the bilateral Power supply structure, the Power factor software is utilized to model the rail transit Power supply system, the whole line Power transformation equipment is simulated and modeled, software simulation is conducted on various protocols and control algorithms of the whole line, and the operation conditions of all levels of Power transformation stations and the lower end of the rail transit are comprehensively and truly simulated. Through simulation of the running condition, various faults or abnormal running states of the rail transit power supply system are simulated and recorded, and system running stability assessment indexes are obtained, wherein the system running stability assessment indexes comprise a system average power shortage amount index (ANES), a user average power outage duration index (CAIDI), a user average power outage frequency index (CAIFI), an electric energy deficiency expected value (EENS), a system average power outage duration index (SAIDI) and a system average power outage frequency index (SAIFI).
According to the system operation stability evaluation index, assuming the number of the evaluation indexes is s, establishing an evaluation matrix R:
R＝[R 1 ,R 2 ,R 3 ,L,R q L,R s ],q＝1,2,L s (15)
similarly, the evaluation weight matrix corresponding to the indexCan be expressed as:
considering that the evaluation index of the running stability of part of the system is a negative index, each index needs to be positively normalized, and the corresponding calculation formula is as follows:
wherein R 'is' q (p=1, 2, …, s) is an evaluation index of the operation stability of the system after conversion, γ is a conversion coefficient, and the value is usually 0.1. On the other hand, the system operation stability evaluation index values such as CAIDI and SAIDI are smaller, and part of the system operation stability evaluation index units are different, and the system operation stability evaluation index units need to be dimensionalized and normalized, and the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein R' is " q (q=1, 2, …, s) is a dimensionalized system operation stability evaluation index, and the corresponding dimensionalized standard matrix is R'. Further, the standard matrix can be obtained as the average value of the evaluation indexes in R':
and calculating the running stability evaluation index weight of the system by a mean square error method in combination with the evaluation index average value:
after the system operation stability evaluation index weight is obtained, the application economic evaluation index matrix r″ of the weighting system can be expressed as:
Similar system application economy evaluation method, system operation stability evaluation index is evaluated by utilizing approach ideal solution ordering method, and economy evaluation index matrix R' is applied to weighting system " In (a) The maximum and minimum of the indexes respectively form a positive ideal indexNegative ideal index->Then go from the evaluation index to the positive ideal index +.>And negative ideal index->The distance of (2) can be expressed as:
wherein the method comprises the steps ofTo evaluate the index to the positive ideal index +.>Distance of->To evaluate the index to the positive ideal index +.>Is a distance of (3). Further, the relative proximity of the economic evaluation index can be calculated by the computing system>
According to the calculation result obtained by the formula (23), the operation stability of the system can be effectively and quantitatively evaluated. Wherein the relative proximity isThe larger the relative distance between the evaluation object and the ideal index is, the better the corresponding evaluation result is.
According to the system operation scene demand, each system dimension index weight can be distributed, and the comprehensive performance of the system in the scene can be quantitatively and accurately estimated comprehensively.
The system operation scene requirement is a system dimension index weight distribution scheme, namely a system comprehensive power quality evaluation weight, a system application economy evaluation weight and a system operation stability evaluation weight are distributed. Further, according to the comprehensive power quality evaluation result of the system, the economic evaluation result of the system application and the system operation stability evaluation result, the comprehensive performance of the rail transit power supply system for the bilateral power supply structure under the operation scene requirement of the system is calculated. Thus, by the comprehensive performance multidimensional evaluation method for the rail transit power supply system of the bilateral power supply structure, the comprehensive performance of the system can be effectively and quantitatively evaluated. On the other hand, by adjusting the comprehensive power quality evaluation weight of the system, the economic evaluation weight of the system application and the distribution proportion of the system operation stability evaluation weight, the comprehensive performance evaluation result of the rail transit power supply system for the bilateral power supply structure in multiple scenes can be obtained, and powerful theoretical references are provided for the actual operation and construction of the system.
The invention provides a comprehensive performance multidimensional evaluation method for a rail transit power supply system of a bilateral power supply structure, aiming at the system structure, equipment model selection, design parameters and the like of the rail transit power supply system of the bilateral power supply structure, wherein different evaluation algorithms are adopted for different system evaluation dimensions, the evaluation is carried out by adopting a projection pursuit method based on a genetic algorithm for the comprehensive power quality of the system, the evaluation is carried out by adopting an approximation ideal solution ordering method based on an application variation coefficient method for the application economy of the system, and the evaluation is carried out by adopting an approximation ideal solution ordering method based on a mean square error method for the operation stability of the system. Meanwhile, the dimension index weights of all the systems are distributed, comprehensive calculation is conducted again according to the evaluation results of all the dimensions of the systems, and comprehensive evaluation is conducted quantitatively and accurately on the comprehensive performance of the rail transit power supply system for the bilateral power supply structure in the scene. The method can effectively improve the defects of single evaluation method, small index dimension, excessively high subjective evaluation factor ratio and the like in the traditional evaluation method, can effectively evaluate the comprehensive performance of the rail transit power supply system of the bilateral power supply structure, remarkably improves the correctness, rationality, scientificity, effectiveness and comprehensiveness of the evaluation method, and provides a powerful theoretical reference for construction and application of the rail transit power supply system. On the other hand, aiming at the established rail transit power supply system, the comprehensive performance and the state of each dimension of the system can be truly reflected according to the calculation result of each dimension index, weak links can be effectively searched for improvement, theoretical basis is improved for the improvement and upgrading of the rail transit power supply system, and the method is suitable for industrial application.
According to the invention, according to the characteristics of different system evaluation dimensions, different evaluation algorithms are adopted to evaluate different dimensions respectively, so that the comprehensive performance of the rail transit power supply system for the bilateral power supply structure can be comprehensively, objectively and quantitatively evaluated, and meanwhile, the multi-dimensional index weight distribution can be carried out under any system scene requirement, and the accurate system evaluation result can be obtained. Aiming at the characteristics of multiple system power quality dimension evaluation indexes and different voltage class bus evaluation standards, a projection pursuit method based on a genetic algorithm is adopted for evaluation; aiming at the characteristics that the system application economic indexes have no fixed evaluation standard and the order and dimension of the economic indexes are different, the system application economic indexes are evaluated by adopting an approximate ideal solution ordering method based on an application variation coefficient method; aiming at the system operation stability errors caused by using the Power factor software simulation, an approximation ideal solution ordering method based on a mean square error method is adopted to eliminate the errors and evaluate the stability indexes of each system. The invention can intelligently extract the index characteristics of each dimension of the system, does not need any artificial weighting in the evaluation process, has objective and reasonable evaluation result and high credibility, can reflect the basic attribute and the overall development degree of the rail transit power supply system for the bilateral power supply structure, provides scientific guidance for scientific planning construction of urban rail transit construction, and opens up a new way for intelligent development of the comprehensive performance evaluation work of the rail transit power supply system.
The foregoing examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the invention and are described in detail herein without thereby limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present invention is to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A comprehensive performance multidimensional evaluation method is used for a rail transit power supply system of a bilateral power supply structure, and is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
establishing a multidimensional comprehensive evaluation index of the system power quality dimension, the system application economy dimension and the system operation stability dimension;
different evaluation algorithms are adopted for different system evaluation dimensions, including evaluation is carried out by adopting a projection pursuit method based on a genetic algorithm for the comprehensive power quality of the system, evaluation is carried out by adopting an approximate ideal solution ordering method based on an application variation coefficient method for the application economy of the system, and evaluation is carried out by adopting an approximate ideal solution ordering method based on a mean square error method for the operation stability of the system;
Aiming at different operation scene demands of the system, different comprehensive power quality evaluation weights of the system, economic evaluation weights of the system application and system operation stability evaluation weights are distributed;
the power supply of the rail transit power supply system of the bilateral power supply structure is from two different external urban power grids, and the electric energy is converted and transmitted to the uplink contact net and the downlink contact net through the traction power transformation system so as to meet the power consumption requirement of rail transit locomotives; for a station with a traction power supply system, the power supply system comprises a traction transformer substation and an auxiliary power supply and distribution system for electric power illumination mainly comprising a step-down transformer substation; for a station of the low-voltage power distribution system, the power supply system is an auxiliary power supply and distribution system for power illumination mainly of a step-down transformer substation;
the rail transit power supply system of the bilateral power supply structure comprises 2 stations with traction power supply systems and 3-5 stations with low-voltage power distribution systems, and the rail transit stations of the low-voltage power distribution systems are positioned between the 2 stations with traction power supply systems; 2 station electric energy with traction power supply system is supplied by different external urban power grids, and the converted direct current electric energy is supplied to the same uplink contact net and the same downlink contact net; the traction power supply system comprises a traction transformer substation, a rectifier, power monitoring, a wired network and protection equipment; the low-voltage distribution system comprises a step-down transformer station, a low-voltage bus, distribution equipment, cables and electrical equipment;
The bus voltage level of the external urban power grid is 110kV alternating current, the bus voltage level of the rail transit station network side is 35kV alternating current, and the voltage level of the uplink and downlink contact networks is 1500V direct current.
2. The method for evaluating the comprehensive performance multidimensional according to claim 1, wherein: the system power quality dimension evaluation indexes comprise a traction substation I power quality index and a traction substation II power quality index, namely a 110kV alternating current bus I power quality index, a 110kV alternating current bus II power quality index, a 35kV alternating current bus I power quality index, a 35kV alternating current bus II power quality index and a 1500V direct current bus power quality index; the 110kV alternating current bus I power quality index and the 110kV alternating current bus II power quality index comprise power supply three-phase voltage deviation, power supply frequency deviation, three-phase voltage total harmonic distortion, three-phase current total harmonic distortion, three-phase voltage unbalance and three-phase current unbalance; the 35kV alternating current bus I power quality index and the 35kV alternating current bus II power quality index comprise power supply three-phase voltage deviation, power supply frequency deviation, three-phase voltage total harmonic distortion, three-phase current total harmonic distortion, three-phase voltage unbalance and three-phase current unbalance; the 1500V direct current bus power quality index comprises power supply voltage deviation and maximum voltage deviation rate.
3. The method for evaluating the comprehensive performance multidimensional according to claim 1, wherein: the system application economy evaluation index comprises system initial investment cost, system occupied area, system running loss, system maintenance cost and system equipment life cycle.
4. The method for evaluating the comprehensive performance multidimensional according to claim 1, wherein: the system operation stability evaluation indexes comprise a system average power shortage amount index ANES, a user average power outage duration index CAIDI, a user average power outage frequency index CAIFI, an electric energy deficiency expected value EENS, a system average power outage duration index SAIDI and a system average power outage frequency index SAIFI.
5. The method for evaluating the comprehensive performance multidimensional according to claim 1, wherein: the projection pursuit method based on genetic algorithm is adopted for the comprehensive electric energy quality of the system, and the calculation steps are as follows:
classifying and grading 110kV alternating current bus I power quality index, 110kV alternating current bus II power quality index, 35kV alternating current bus I power quality index, 35kV alternating current bus II power quality index and 1500V direct current bus power quality index, and simultaneously sampling 110kV alternating current bus I power quality index 95% probability value, 95% probability value of 110kV alternating current bus II power quality index sample, 95% probability value of 35kV alternating current bus I power quality index sample, 95% probability value of 35kV alternating current bus II power quality index sample and 95% probability value of 1500V direct current bus power quality index sample are selected as power quality evaluation samplesAnd performing normalization treatment;
wherein x is ij As normalized index, x maxj N and m are the number of initial random projection indexes and evaluation indexes for the maximum value in the voltage class sample; suppose d j Andfor the corresponding projection direction and rating, then the one-dimensional projection value z i The calculation is as follows:
calculating z i Standard deviation S of (2) z Z i And (3) withCorrelation coefficient R between zω ：
Wherein E is z Is the sequence [ z ] i ]Average value E ω Is a sequence ofAverage value of (2); a projection objective function f (d) is calculated,
f(d)＝S z |R zω | (4)
according to equation (4), the projection objective function f (d) will be according to the projection direction d j And thus the optimal projection direction d is calculated by solving the maximum value of the projection objective function f (d) * ：
Calculating the projection direction d by adopting a global optimization method based on genetic algorithm j And to obtain the optimal projection direction d * Carrying out the piecewise linear interpolation approximation on the curve to obtain a piecewise continuous function; according to the obtained piecewise continuous function, 110kV alternating current bus I power quality rating, 110kV alternating current bus II power quality rating, 35kV alternating current bus I power quality rating, 35kV alternating current bus II power quality rating and 1500V direct current bus power quality rating can be obtained; according to the grading of each voltage grade, the system power quality of the rail transit power supply system for the bilateral power supply structure can be evaluated by adopting a characteristic value weighting method, and corresponding quantitative calculation results and grading are obtained.
6. The method for evaluating the comprehensive performance multidimensional according to claim 1, wherein: aiming at the system application economy, an approximate ideal solution ordering method based on an application coefficient of variation method is adopted, and the calculation steps are as follows:
firstly, determining an evaluation matrix according to the dimension index of the system application economy, and assuming the number of the evaluation indexes to be w and each evaluation index to be y w Then the evaluation matrix Y is expressed as:
Y＝[y 1 ,y 2 ,y 3 ,…,y p , … ,y w ],p＝1,2,… ,w (6)
evaluation weight matrix corresponding to indexExpressed as:
different from the system power quality index, part of the system application economy index has negative directionality, namely, the smaller the index is, the better the application economy is; therefore, it is necessary to locate the negative index and convert it into the positive index for evaluation, and the forward formula of the index is:
wherein y' p Applying an economic evaluation index for the converted system, wherein gamma is a conversion coefficient and the value is 0.1; in addition, because the economic index units of the systems are different, in order to ensure the evaluation accuracy and correctness, the converted indexes are further normalized, and the dimensions of the indexes are removed by calculation to normalize the indexes; the normalized calculation formula is:
wherein y' p Applying an economic evaluation index for the dimensionalized system, wherein the corresponding dimensionalized standard matrix is Y'; thus, the average value thereof can be calculated And standard deviation S P ：
Combining the formula (9) and the formula (10), the computing system applies the economic evaluation index variation coefficient V p Evaluating weights
After determining that the system applies the weight of the economic evaluation index, the weighted system applies the economic evaluation index matrix y″ to be expressed as:
the economic evaluation index matrix Y' of the weighting system is obtained, and the comprehensive evaluation can be carried out by adopting an approximate ideal solution ordering method; if the index is regarded as a variable in a coordinate system, a high-dimensional space is geometrically formed, each object to be evaluated is a point determined in the space by reflecting a plurality of index values thereof from the geometric perspective, and the comprehensive evaluation problem becomes the sorting and evaluation of the space points; firstly, determining reference points in space, including optimal and worst points, and then calculating the distance between each evaluation object and the reference point, wherein the closer to the optimal point or the farther from the worst point, the better the comprehensive characteristics of the evaluated object are described; since all the system application economy evaluation indexes are forward and dimensionalized, the maximum value in the indexes forms a positive ideal indexThe minimum value of each index constitutes the negative ideal index +.>Then apply the economic evaluation index from the system to the positive ideal index +. >And negative ideal index->Is expressed as the distance of (2)
Computing relative proximity
Wherein the method comprises the steps ofTo evaluate the index to the positive ideal index +.>Distance of->To evaluate the index to the positive ideal index +.>Is a distance of (2); according to the calculation result obtained by the formula (14), the application economy of the system is effectively and quantitatively evaluated; wherein the relative proximity +.>The larger the relative distance between the evaluation object and the ideal index is, the better the corresponding evaluation result is.
7. The method for evaluating the comprehensive performance multidimensional according to claim 1, wherein: aiming at the running stability of the system, an approximation ideal solution ordering method based on a mean square error method is adopted, and the calculation steps are as follows:
modeling the Power factor software according to the topological structure and system parameters of the rail transit Power supply system for the bilateral Power supply structure, performing simulation modeling on all-line Power transformation equipment, performing software simulation on all-line various protocols and control algorithms, and comprehensively and truly simulating all-line Power transformation stations of rail transit and the operation working conditions responsible for the lower end; through simulating the running condition, simulating and recording various faults or abnormal running states of the rail transit power supply system, and obtaining a system running stability evaluation index, wherein the system running stability evaluation index comprises a system average power shortage amount index ANES, a user average power outage duration index CAIDI, a user average power outage frequency index CAIFI, an electric energy deficiency expected value EENS, a system average power outage duration index SAIDI and a system average power outage frequency index SAIFI;
According to the system operation stability evaluation index, assuming the number of evaluation indexes is s, establishing an evaluation matrix R,
R＝[R 1 ,R 2 ,R 3 ,…,R q ,…,R s ],q＝1,2,… s (15)
evaluation weight matrix corresponding to indexExpressed as:
considering that the evaluation index of the running stability of part of the system is a negative index, each index needs to be positively normalized, and the corresponding calculation formula is as follows:
wherein R 'is' q The gamma is a conversion coefficient and the value is 0.1 for the converted system operation stability evaluation index;
on the other hand, the CAIDI and SAIDI system operation stability evaluation index values are smaller, and part of system operation stability evaluation index units are different, and the CAIDI and SAIDI system operation stability evaluation index units are required to be dimensionalized and normalized, and the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein R' is " q The system operation stability evaluation index after dimension removal is R' as a corresponding standard matrix after dimension removal; obtaining a standard matrix as an average value of evaluation indexes in R':
and calculating the running stability evaluation index weight of the system by a mean square error method in combination with the evaluation index average value:
after the system operation stability evaluation index weight is obtained, the application economy evaluation index matrix R' of the weighting system is expressed as:
evaluating the system operation stability evaluation index by using an approach ideal solution ordering method, wherein the maximum value and the minimum value in the index of the weighted system application economy evaluation index matrix R' respectively form a positive ideal index Negative ideal index->Then go from the evaluation index to the positive ideal index +.>And negative ideal index->The distance of (2) is expressed as:
wherein the method comprises the steps ofTo evaluate the index to the positive ideal index +.>Distance of->To evaluate the index to the positive ideal index +.>Is a distance of (2); computing system application of economic evaluation index relative proximity +.>
According to the calculation result obtained by the formula (23), the operation stability of the system is effectively and quantitatively evaluated; wherein the relative proximity isThe larger the relative distance between the evaluation object and the ideal index is, the better the corresponding evaluation result is.
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