CN111240240A - Method for automatically scanning multi-channel vibrating wire detection Internet of things system - Google Patents
Method for automatically scanning multi-channel vibrating wire detection Internet of things system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for automatically scanning a multichannel vibrating wire detection Internet of things system, which is characterized in that STM32 is used as a main control MCU, an ULN2803 eight-fold Darlington transistor array submodule is used for driving a relay group submodule to realize multiplexing of vibrating wire acquisition circuit channels, an automatic multichannel scanning method and an MQTT protocol-based Internet of things communication mechanism are used for acquiring data of the vibrating wire detection multichannel, and the data are sent to a cloud platform by adopting the MQTT protocol. The invention improves the expansibility of PCB multi-channel design, enhances the stability of the vibrating wire detection Internet of things system, and can be applied to the health monitoring of industrial structures.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sensor monitoring, and particularly relates to a relay group submodule driven by a ULN2803 eight-fold Darlington transistor array submodule in multiple channels, which uses an automatic scanning multi-channel method and an Internet of things communication mechanism based on an MQTT protocol.
Background
In the circuit design of the traditional multi-channel sensor, the multi-channel sensor mainly comprises a multi-channel switch, an amplifying circuit, a filter circuit, a shaping circuit, an excitation circuit and a main control MCU (microprogrammed control unit), and the circuit design can not meet the requirements of the current design under the background of the development of integrated circuits and the communication field.
In the traditional circuit, in order to effectively suppress common-mode signals and improve the signal-to-noise ratio, the amplifying circuit part adopts a differential mode, the circuit adopts a plurality of CD4051 to realize signal multiplexing, and meanwhile, a differential input mode is provided for the amplifying circuit. Differential signaling has many advantages over single-ended signaling: differential signaling reduces rail collapse of the power supply path; compared with a single-ended amplifier, the differential amplifier of the receiver has higher gain; when the differential signal is propagated in a pair of tightly coupled differential pairs, the robustness for crosstalk and sudden change in a return path is better; each signal in the circuit has its own loop, so that the differential signal is not easily interfered by switching noise when passing through the connector or the package.
While the greatest disadvantage of differential signaling is the potential for EMI. If the differential signals are not properly balanced or filtered, or if there are any common mode signals, EMI problems may occur with the differential signals applied to the outer twisted pairs; a second disadvantage is that twice as many signal lines are required to transmit differential signals as compared to single-ended signaling; a third disadvantage is to understand many new principles and important design rules. Due to these complex effects of differential signaling, the complexity of the design is increased.
The vibrating wire detection system is widely applied to the fields of aviation, hydrology and the like, and the traditional communication Bluetooth, ZigBee, GPRS and the like are not suitable for the requirements of low power consumption and wide coverage.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the defects in the background technology, the invention provides a method for automatically scanning a multichannel vibrating wire detection Internet of things system, which comprises a vibrating wire acquisition device and an NB-IoT communication device. The multi-channel automatic scanning module specifically comprises the following modules: the vibrating wire acquisition circuit sub-module, the ULN2803 eight-fold Darlington transistor array sub-module and the relay group sub-module. And an ULN2803 eight-fold Darlington transistor array submodule is adopted at the periphery of the vibrating wire acquisition circuit submodule, and a corresponding V/A interface is provided in a single-chip integrated digital circuit with high voltage resistance, reverse phase output and low logic level and is used for driving a relay group submodule. And based on a multi-way switch driven by an extensible relay, time division multiplexing is carried out on the vibrating wire acquisition channel. The differential signal mode of the traditional circuit is replaced, and potential EMI is reduced; the complexity of circuit design development is reduced; removing the differential signal line from the medium of the communication load; the design of the invention adopts a multi-channel relay set, and the relay set has the advantages of reliability, safety, long service life, strong adaptability, high speed and the like in the multi-channel switch design of a relay set submodule, and the relay has irreplaceable advantages in the industrial field.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a method for automatically scanning a multi-channel vibrating wire detection Internet of things system comprises the following steps: in a multi-channel automatic scanning module contained in the vibrating wire acquisition device, acquiring acquired data and sending the acquired data to an NB-IoT communication device by an automatic multi-channel scanning method and a time division multiplexing method; meanwhile, an MQTT protocol-based Internet of things communication mechanism is adopted in the NB-IoT communication device, the MQTT protocol packets are packaged and accessed to the cloud platform, and data communication is realized.
Further, the multi-channel automatic scanning module specifically includes the following sub-modules: the system comprises a vibrating wire acquisition circuit sub-module, an ULN2803 eight-fold Darlington transistor array sub-module and a relay set sub-module, wherein the relay set sub-module is respectively connected with the vibrating wire acquisition circuit sub-module and the ULN2803 eight-fold Darlington transistor array sub-module; and when the ULN2803 eight-fold Darlington transistor array submodule drives multiple channels of the relay group submodule, the ULN2803 eight-fold Darlington transistor array submodule multiplexes the vibrating wire acquisition circuit submodule.
Further, the method for automatically scanning multiple channels acquires acquired data through the vibrating wire acquisition circuit submodule, performs time division multiplexing on the acquisition channels, acquires the acquired data and sends the acquired data to the NB-IoT communication device for data communication, and specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1.1, initializing multi-channel sensor data cache and selecting an initial channel;
step 1.2, initializing UART and RS485 channel receiving, and creating a serial port acquisition task thread;
step 1.3, sending configuration and acquisition instruction information to a vibrating wire acquisition circuit submodule, selecting a current channel, and receiving sensor data acquired by the vibrating wire acquisition circuit submodule;
step 1.4, sending current channel data through RS485 serial port communication, and receiving the sent data through serial port communication of an NB-IoT communication device;
step 1.5, judging whether the scanning time of each channel reaches a set value, turning to step 1.6, and continuing to scan the channel if the scanning time of each channel does not reach the set value;
step 1.6, scanning, timing and resetting;
step 1.7 scans the next channel and goes to step 1.3.
Further, the NB-IoT communication device comprises an NB-IoT communication module and an OLED display module, wherein the NB-IoT communication module comprises the following sub-modules: the BC35 sub-module is respectively connected with the SIM clamp module and the RF antenna sub-module; when the OLED displays real-time dynamic information, the collected data are sent to the NB-IoT device by using the method for automatically scanning multiple channels, the SIM card module supports full-network communication, an Internet of things communication mechanism based on an MQTT protocol is adopted, and the data are sent out through the BC35 submodule and the RF antenna submodule to realize data communication.
Further, the Internet of things communication mechanism based on the MQTT protocol receives data collected by the vibrating wire collecting device through a serial port, the BC35 submodule is initialized, and OLED real-time dynamic information display is started; and packaging the data by using an MQTT protocol, accessing the data to a cloud platform, transmitting the data and carrying out data communication on the acquired data.
Further, the internet of things communication mechanism based on the MQTT protocol specifically comprises the following steps:
step 2.1, receiving data of the vibrating wire acquisition device through a serial port, initializing a BC35 submodule, starting OLED display, and carrying out state prompt on real-time dynamic information of the system;
step 2.2, accessing the cloud platform by using an MQTT protocol packet to prepare for sending data;
step 2.3, judging whether the sending time interval is reached, and turning to step 2.4 when the time interval is reached;
step 2.4, acquiring a packet after the total length of the data stream which needs to be sent currently is obtained, and uploading data to a cloud platform;
step 2.5, sending time interval timing reset, and clearing the data cache of the BC35 submodule;
step 2.6, turning on the LED indicator light and the OLED display screen for displaying the state when the data are sent, and turning off the LED indicator light and the OLED display screen when the data are sent;
and 2.7, detecting the information returned by the cloud platform, analyzing the command and the message, and returning to the step 2.3.
Further, the specific process of acquiring the acquired data from the vibrating wire acquisition device and sending the acquired data to the NB-IoT communication device is as follows:
step 1, performing high-voltage excitation configuration on a vibrating wire acquisition circuit submodule to enable a single-channel vibrating wire acquisition circuit submodule to stably read and output data;
step 2, in a detection system of an STM32L431 main control MCU, acquiring acquired data by an automatic multi-channel scanning method in multiplexing of 8-channel relay group sub-modules driven by an ULN2803 eight-fold Darlington transistor array, and sending the acquired data to an NB-IoT device;
step 3, the NB-IoT communication device receives automatically scanned data through an RS485-to-RS232 communication medium;
step 4, in an NB-IoT communication device of the STM32F103 main control MCU, OLED displays real-time dynamic information, accesses a cloud platform through a communication mechanism based on an MQTT protocol, and sends data for communication;
and 5, the terminal is communicated and accessed to the cloud, and an account and corresponding related product ID, authentication information and equipment ID need to be registered.
The method has the advantages that the relay group submodule driven by the ULN2803 eight-fold Darlington transistor array submodule is adopted in multiple channels, the expansibility of the multi-channel design is improved through multiplexing, a differential circuit is used in the circuit design with large power instead, potential EMI is reduced, the multiplexing technology of an acquisition channel is introduced, and the method for automatically scanning the multiple channels and the Internet of things communication mechanism based on the MQTT protocol are provided. The system performance is stable and reliable, and the design flexibility of the multichannel sensor extension is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a hardware overall framework diagram of the system of the present invention: a vibrating wire acquisition device, an NB-IoT communication device;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of the sub-modules of the vibrating wire acquisition circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a software flow chart of the vibrating wire pick-up device of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a software flow diagram of the NB-IoT communications device of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a flow chart of an internet of things communication mechanism based on MQTT protocol, which is a method for automatically scanning multiple channels according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, an automatic scanning multichannel vibrating wire detection internet of things system includes a vibrating wire acquisition device and an NB-IoT communication device, and descriptions of functional modules are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 automatic scanning multi-channel vibrating wire detection system of things with function modules
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1 and table 1, an automatic scanning multi-channel vibrating wire detection internet of things system is mainly divided into two parts, a hardware architecture of two main control MCUs is adopted, a circuit design of a vibrating wire acquisition device is shown on the left side of fig. 1, a circuit design of an NB-IoT communication device is shown on the right side of fig. 1, and a working flow of the vibrating wire detection internet of things system is as follows.
Step 1, performing high-voltage excitation configuration on the vibrating wire acquisition circuit submodule to enable the single-channel vibrating wire acquisition circuit submodule to stably read and output data.
And 2, in a detection system of the MCU under the control of the STM32L431, multiplexing an 8-channel relay group submodule driven by an ULN2803 eight-fold Darlington transistor array, namely realizing an automatic multichannel scanning method, and acquiring acquired data and sending the acquired data to an NB-IoT device.
And 3, the NB-IoT communication device receives the automatically scanned data through the RS485-to-RS232 communication medium.
And 4, in the NB-IoT communication device of the MCU under the control of the STM32F103, the OLED displays real-time dynamic information, is accessed to the cloud platform through a communication mechanism based on an MQTT protocol, and sends data for communication.
And 5, the terminal is communicated and accessed to the cloud, and an account and corresponding related product ID, authentication information and equipment ID need to be registered.
In the drawings, FIG. 2 is a diagram of a vibrating wire acquisition circuit submodule of the present invention; FIG. 3 is a software flow chart of the vibrating wire pick-up device of the present invention; fig. 4 is a software flow diagram of the NB-IoT communications device of the present invention; fig. 5 is a flow chart of an internet of things communication mechanism based on MQTT protocol, which is a method for automatically scanning multiple channels according to the present invention.
The vibrating wire acquisition circuit submodule is an existing module, a version VM311 of Hebei stability control technology limited company is adopted, the vibrating wire acquisition circuit submodule is provided with a plurality of power interfaces, the power module supplies power to a kernel power interface by stabilizing voltage by 3.3V, the power module supplies power to an excitation power interface by stabilizing voltage by 5V, a power input interface is grounded, and when the ULN2803 eight Darlington transistor array submodule drives multiple channels of a relay group submodule, the interfaces for vibrating wire acquisition and temperature acquisition are connected with the relay group, so that data of a multi-channel sensor externally connected with the relay group are acquired. The communication interface is connected with the MCU of the vibrating wire acquisition device for serial port communication.
In summary, according to the method for automatically scanning the multichannel vibrating wire detection internet of things system, STM32 is used as a main control MCU, an ULN2803 eight-fold Darlington transistor array submodule is used for driving a relay group submodule, multiplexing of vibrating wire acquisition circuit channels is achieved, the multichannel vibrating wire detection multichannel data are obtained by using the method for automatically scanning the multichannel and an MQTT protocol-based internet of things communication mechanism, and the MQTT protocol is used for sending the multichannel vibrating wire detection multichannel data to a cloud platform. The invention improves the expansibility of PCB multi-channel design, enhances the stability of the vibrating wire detection Internet of things system, and can be applied to the health monitoring of industrial structures.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an illustrative embodiment," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. A method for automatically scanning a multi-channel vibrating wire detection Internet of things system is characterized by comprising the following steps: in a multi-channel automatic scanning module contained in the vibrating wire acquisition device, acquiring acquired data and sending the acquired data to an NB-IoT communication device by an automatic multi-channel scanning method and a time division multiplexing method; meanwhile, an MQTT protocol-based Internet of things communication mechanism is adopted in the NB-IoT communication device, the MQTT protocol packets are packaged and accessed to the cloud platform, and data communication is realized.
2. The method for automatically scanning the multi-channel vibrating wire internet of things system according to claim 1, wherein the multi-channel automatic scanning module specifically comprises the following sub-modules: the system comprises a vibrating wire acquisition circuit sub-module, an ULN2803 eight-fold Darlington transistor array sub-module and a relay set sub-module, wherein the relay set sub-module is respectively connected with the vibrating wire acquisition circuit sub-module and the ULN2803 eight-fold Darlington transistor array sub-module; and when the ULN2803 eight-fold Darlington transistor array submodule drives multiple channels of the relay group submodule, the ULN2803 eight-fold Darlington transistor array submodule multiplexes the vibrating wire acquisition circuit submodule.
3. The method for automatically scanning the multichannel vibrating wire internet of things system according to claim 1, wherein the method for automatically scanning the multichannel comprises the steps of acquiring acquired data through a vibrating wire acquisition circuit submodule, performing time division multiplexing on the acquisition channels, acquiring the acquired data, and sending the acquired data to an NB-IoT communication device for data communication, and specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1.1, initializing multi-channel sensor data cache and selecting an initial channel;
step 1.2, initializing UART and RS485 channel receiving, and creating a serial port acquisition task thread;
step 1.3, sending configuration and acquisition instruction information to a vibrating wire acquisition circuit submodule, selecting a current channel, and receiving sensor data acquired by the vibrating wire acquisition circuit submodule;
step 1.4, sending current channel data through RS485 serial port communication, and receiving the sent data through serial port communication of an NB-IoT communication device;
step 1.5, judging whether the scanning time of each channel reaches a set value, turning to step 1.6, and continuing to scan the channel if the scanning time of each channel does not reach the set value;
step 1.6, scanning, timing and resetting;
step 1.7 scans the next channel and goes to step 1.3.
4. The method for automatically scanning the multichannel vibrating wire internet of things system according to claim 1, wherein the NB-IoT communication device comprises an NB-IoT communication module and an OLED display module, and the NB-IoT communication module comprises the following sub-modules: the BC35 sub-module is respectively connected with the SIM clamp module and the RF antenna sub-module; when the OLED displays real-time dynamic information, the collected data are sent to the NB-IoT device by using the method for automatically scanning multiple channels, the SIM card module supports full-network communication, an Internet of things communication mechanism based on an MQTT protocol is adopted, and the data are sent out through the BC35 submodule and the RF antenna submodule to realize data communication.
5. The method for automatically scanning the multi-channel vibrating wire detection Internet of things system according to claim 1, wherein the Internet of things communication mechanism based on the MQTT protocol receives data collected by a vibrating wire collecting device through a serial port, a BC35 sub-module is initialized, and OLED real-time dynamic information display is started; and packaging the data by using an MQTT protocol, accessing the data to a cloud platform, transmitting the data and carrying out data communication on the acquired data.
6. The method for automatically scanning the multi-channel vibrating wire detection Internet of things system according to claim 5, wherein the Internet of things communication mechanism based on the MQTT protocol specifically comprises the following steps:
step 2.1, receiving data of the vibrating wire acquisition device through a serial port, initializing a BC35 submodule, starting OLED display, and carrying out state prompt on real-time dynamic information of the system;
step 2.2, accessing the cloud platform by using an MQTT protocol packet to prepare for sending data;
step 2.3, judging whether the sending time interval is reached, and turning to step 2.4 when the time interval is reached;
step 2.4, acquiring a packet after the total length of the data stream which needs to be sent currently is obtained, and uploading data to a cloud platform;
step 2.5, sending time interval timing reset, and clearing the data cache of the BC35 submodule;
step 2.6, turning on the LED indicator light and the OLED display screen for displaying the state when the data are sent, and turning off the LED indicator light and the OLED display screen when the data are sent;
and 2.7, detecting the information returned by the cloud platform, analyzing the command and the message, and returning to the step 2.3.
7. The method for automatically scanning the multi-channel vibrating wire detection IOT system according to claim 1, wherein the specific process of acquiring the acquired data in the vibrating wire acquisition device and sending the acquired data to the NB-IoT communication device is as follows:
step 1, performing high-voltage excitation configuration on a vibrating wire acquisition circuit submodule to enable a single-channel vibrating wire acquisition circuit submodule to stably read and output data;
step 2, in a detection system of an STM32L431 main control MCU, acquiring acquired data by an automatic multi-channel scanning method in multiplexing of 8-channel relay group sub-modules driven by an ULN2803 eight-fold Darlington transistor array, and sending the acquired data to an NB-IoT device;
step 3, the NB-IoT communication device receives automatically scanned data through an RS485-to-RS232 communication medium;
step 4, in an NB-IoT communication device of the STM32F103 main control MCU, OLED displays real-time dynamic information, accesses a cloud platform through a communication mechanism based on an MQTT protocol, and sends data for communication;
and 5, the terminal is communicated and accessed to the cloud, and an account and corresponding related product ID, authentication information and equipment ID need to be registered.
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CN204790408U (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2015-11-18 | 郑州星海科技有限公司 | Multi -channel data acquisition ware based on vibration wire formula sensor |
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