CN111239368A - Selenium and cadmium associated crop heavy metal safety diagnosis system and method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a selenium and cadmium associated crop heavy metal safety diagnosis system and a method, which comprises the following steps: the UI module is used for inputting related parameter data and displaying a calculation result; the processing module is used for calculating the content of heavy metal cadmium in the crops according to the related parameter data and evaluating the safety of the content of the heavy metal in the crops; the relevant parameters comprise the content of the selenium in the effective state of the soil, the pH value of the soil, the conductivity of the soil, the content of organic matters in the soil, the content of cadmium in the heavy metal in the soil and the content of cadmium in the extracted state of the heavy metal in the soil; and the management module is used for inputting the relevant parameter data into the relation model for calculation and evaluating the safety of the heavy metal content of the crops after receiving the relevant parameter data, and transmitting the evaluation result to the UI module for display. The method takes the content of heavy metal cadmium in the soil, the content of available selenium and various physicochemical properties as conditions, calculates the content of heavy metal in the crops and carries out safety evaluation, and has important significance for the safe production of the crops.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a detection technology of crop heavy metal content, in particular to a selenium-cadmium associated crop heavy metal safety diagnosis system and a method.
Background
In China, the ecological environmental pollution of farmlands is still increasingly aggravated although being restrained to a certain extent. Heavy metals causing environmental pollution mainly include cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), arsenic (As), nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn), and the like. The pollution caused by heavy metals has the characteristics of concealment, irreversibility, long-term property and the like, and once the pollution enters living environments such as soil, water and the like, the pollution is difficult to eliminate by adopting physical, engineering and chemical methods.
The plant is an organism which is fixed in soil and can not move, and can absorb some necessary metal elements (Ca, Co, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Ni, Se, V and Zn) from the soil, and the plant needs heavy metal ions with different concentrations during the growth and development processes. The plants can absorb and accumulate some non-essential heavy metal elements while absorbing essential heavy metal elements. These non-essential heavy metal elements not only affect the yield and quality of crops, but also may directly or indirectly damage human health through the food chain, causing some irreversible damage to the human body.
How to detect the heavy metal content of crops has attracted extensive attention.
Chinese patent publication No. CN104458605A discloses a method for detecting the content of heavy metals in a plant sample, which comprises weighing a vegetable sample, cutting, adding dilute hydrochloric acid, heating to boil, cooling, and fixing the volume; elemental measurements were performed using a flame atomic absorption spectrometer. The method for directly detecting the heavy metal content in the vegetables has the advantages of complex operation, large workload and lower working efficiency.
At present, the heavy metal content in crops is indirectly detected by detecting the heavy metal content in soil of a producing area by the technology.
Chinese patent publication No. CN105651949B discloses a method for evaluating the content of heavy metals in vegetables based on the soil condition of the producing area. However, the total amount of heavy metals in soil cannot effectively account for their bioavailability, since the physicochemical properties of soil can affect the bioavailability of heavy metals.
Selenium is one of essential trace elements, and has effects of preventing and resisting cancer, protecting heart and liver, enhancing immunity, and delaying aging. Selenium has antagonistic action on heavy metals such as cadmium, and can relieve the toxicity of the heavy metals on plants to a certain extent, but the cadmium reduction effect is reduced along with the increase of the dosage.
At present, a rapid and effective method for detecting the content of heavy metals in selenium-cadmium associated crops is lacked.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a selenium-cadmium associated crop heavy metal safety diagnosis system, which takes the soil heavy metal cadmium content, the effective selenium content and various physical and chemical properties as conditions, calculates the heavy metal content of the selenium-cadmium associated crop and carries out safety evaluation, and has important significance for the safety production of the crop.
The specific technical scheme is as follows:
a selenium and cadmium associated crop heavy metal safety diagnosis system comprises:
the UI module is used for inputting related parameter data and displaying a calculation result;
the processing module comprises a relation model between related parameters and the content of the heavy metal cadmium in the crops, calculates the content of the heavy metal cadmium in the crops according to the related parameter data, and evaluates the safety of the content of the heavy metal in the crops; the relevant parameters comprise the content of the selenium in the effective state of the soil, the pH value of the soil, the conductivity of the soil, the content of organic matters in the soil, the content of cadmium in the heavy metal in the soil and the content of cadmium in the extracted state of the heavy metal in the soil;
and the management module is used for inputting the relevant parameter data into the relation model for calculation and evaluating the safety of the heavy metal content of the crops after receiving the relevant parameter data, and transmitting the evaluation result to the UI module for display.
Selenium has antagonistic action on heavy metals such as cadmium, and can relieve the toxicity of the heavy metals on plants to a certain extent, but the cadmium reduction effect is reduced along with the increase of the dosage. According to the method, the content of the effective selenium in the soil is used as a parameter for evaluating the content of the heavy metal cadmium in the crops, so that the evaluation method is more accurate.
Preferably, the crop is rice.
Further preferably, the relationship model is:
LogM(Cdrice)＝a+b·pH+c·EC+d·OM+e·logM(Cdtotal)+f·logM(Cdex)+
g·logM(Seex)；
wherein, M (Cd)rice) The unit is the content of heavy metal cadmium in crops, and is mg/kg; the pH is the soil pH; EC is soil conductivity, and the unit is ms; OM is the content of organic matters in the soil, and the unit is g/kg; m (Cd)total) The content of heavy metal cadmium in the soil is mg/kg; m (Cd)ex) The content of heavy metal cadmium in the soil is extracted, and the unit is mg/kg; m (Se)ex) The content of selenium in the effective state of soil is mg/kg; a to g are constants.
Further preferably, the specific parameters configured by the configuration module for the relationship model are as follows: a is-4.1378, b is 0.3862, c is 0.2718, d is 0.0043, e is 0.6275, f is 0.2625, and g is-0.1111.
Preferably, when the content of heavy metal cadmium in the crops to be detected calculated by the relation model is lower than 0.16mg/kg, defining the safety of the content of heavy metal in the crops; when the calculated heavy metal cadmium content is within the range of 0.16-0.26 mg/kg, defining that the crop heavy metal content has an overproof risk; and when the calculated heavy metal cadmium content is more than 0.26mg/kg, defining that the heavy metal content of the crops exceeds the standard.
Through actual sample detection, the accuracy of the selenium and cadmium associated crop heavy metal safety diagnosis system is over 75%, and the model has the function of predicting the accumulation and safety of heavy metal cadmium in crops under the selenium and cadmium associated condition.
Based on the same inventive concept, the invention also provides a selenium-cadmium associated crop heavy metal safety diagnosis method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) planting target crops in the high-cadmium selenium-rich soil, and measuring relevant parameters of the soil; the relevant parameters comprise the content of the selenium in the effective state of the soil, the pH value of the soil, the conductivity of the soil, the content of organic matters in the soil, the content of cadmium in the heavy metal in the soil and the content of cadmium in the extracted state of the heavy metal in the soil;
(2) after crops are ripe and harvested, determining the content of heavy metal cadmium in the crops;
(3) establishing a relation model between the relevant parameters and the content of the heavy metal cadmium in the crops, wherein the relation model is as follows:
LogM(Cdrice)＝a+b·pH+c·EC+d·OM+e·logM(Cdtotal)+f·logM(Cdex)+
g·logM(Seex)；
wherein, M (Cd)rice) The content of heavy metal cadmium in the crops; the pH is the soil pH; EC is soil conductivity; OM is the content of organic matters in the soil; m (Cd)total) The content of heavy metal cadmium in the soil; m (Cd)ex) The content of heavy metal cadmium in the soil is extracted; m (Se)ex) The content of selenium in the soil is the effective state; a to g are constants;
(4) and measuring relevant parameters of the soil of the producing area of the crop to be detected, calculating the content of the heavy metal cadmium in the crop to be detected according to the relation model, and evaluating the safety of the heavy metal of the crop to be detected.
The content of the selenium in the effective state of the soil refers to the content of selenium in the weak acid extraction state of the selenium in the soil, namely the content of selenium form which can be extracted by acetic acid; the content of heavy metal cadmium in the soil is the total content of cadmium in the soil, and the content of cadmium is measured by an Agilent 7500a inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS); the extraction state content of heavy metal cadmium in the soil refers to weak acid extraction state content of cadmium in the soil, namely the extraction state content of cadmium capable of being extracted by acetic acid.
Preferably, the crop is rice.
Preferably, in the step (3), multivariate attribution analysis is performed by using a Lasso function of the software Matlab, and values a to g are calculated to obtain the relational model.
Further preferably, the relationship model is:
LogM(Cdrice)＝-4.1378+0.3862pH+0.2718EC+0.0043OM+
0.6275logM(Cdtotal)+0.2625logM(Cdex)-0.1111logM(Seex)；
wherein, M (Cd)rice) The unit is the content of heavy metal cadmium in crops, and is mg/kg; the pH is the soil pH; EC is soil conductivity, and the unit is ms; OM is the content of organic matters in the soil, and the unit is g/kg; m (Cd)total) The content of heavy metal cadmium in the soil is mg/kg; m (Cd)ex) The content of heavy metal cadmium in the soil is extracted, and the unit is mg/kg; m (Se)ex) The unit is mg/kg, which is the content of selenium in the effective state of soil.
Preferably, in the step (4), when the content of the heavy metal cadmium in the crops to be detected calculated by the relation model is lower than 0.16mg/kg, defining the safety of the heavy metal content of the crops; when the calculated heavy metal cadmium content is within the range of 0.16-0.26 mg/kg, defining that the crop heavy metal content has an overproof risk; and when the calculated heavy metal cadmium content is more than 0.26mg/kg, defining that the heavy metal content of the crops exceeds the standard.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the diagnosis system can determine the heavy metal content of the rice planted in the selenium-cadmium associated rice soil according to the heavy metal cadmium content, the effective selenium content and the physicochemical properties of the soil, and carries out prediction and safety evaluation, so that the workload and burden of guidance agricultural workers can be reduced to a certain extent, and the diagnosis system has important guidance significance for actual agricultural production.
Detailed Description
The heavy metal safety diagnosis system for the selenium-cadmium accompanying crops is particularly suitable for the heavy metal safety detection of the rice in the high-cadmium selenium-rich soil. The system adopts jdk1.6 and above versions of an open source development tool myeclipse company as compiling operation environments, and a desktop UI is based on Java Swing and used for receiving user input data and displaying output results.
The software platform parameters are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 software platform parameters
The software architecture includes 2 types of files (program source files, persistent data files) and 6 modules: a management module, a UI (user interface) module, a configuration module, a pre-processing module, a processing module and a calculation module.
The program source files are provided with a total of three classes, namely VegeFrame (Panel build class), formula tool class, and Vegesys (Panel initialization layout class).
The persistent data file is provided with two persistent type files, namely, format.
Table 2 format properties document
Table 3 standard properties document
In the selenium-cadmium associated crop heavy metal safety diagnosis system, because the persistent data volume is very small, the diagnosis system does not adopt a design mode of a relational database in consideration of the improvement of the portability and the performance of software, but adopts a method of reading properties files to access permanent data, and further improves the interaction efficiency between source codes and persistent data.
The selenium and cadmium associated crop heavy metal safety diagnosis system comprises 6 modules:
a UI module: initializing a user interface, inputting user data and displaying a calculation result;
a configuration module: the configuration is performed by a code. Hardware environment CPU: 2GHZ or above; memory: 256M or more; hard disk: 80G or above. Software environment operating system: chinese version winXP and other models configured above;
a preprocessing module: carrying out rationality verification on data input by a user;
a processing module: preprocessing and calculating data input by a user according to the parameters of the configuration module;
a calculation module: calculating by combining a system background formula according to data input by a user;
a management module: after the input data of the user is received, the processing module carries out preprocessing and calculation according to the parameters of the configuration module, and finally, the result is output to the interface.
The calculation module comprises a cadmium accumulation model:
LogM(Cdrice)＝-4.1378+0.3862pH+0.2718EC+0.0043OM+0.6275logM(Cdtotal)
+0.2625logM(Cdex)-0.1111logM(Seex)；
wherein, M (Cd)rice) The content of heavy metal cadmium in the rice is mg/kg; the pH is the soil pH; EC is soil conductivity, and the unit is ms; OM is the content of organic matters in the soil, and the unit is g/kg; m (Cd)total) The content of heavy metal cadmium in the soil is mg/kg; m (Cd)ex) The unit is mg/kg of the content of heavy metal cadmium weak acid extraction state in soil; m (Se)ex) The unit is mg/kg, which is the content of selenium in the effective state of soil.
The cadmium accumulation model is obtained by the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of planting rice in high-cadmium selenium-enriched soil, measuring the following parameters of ① soil effective state selenium content (mg/kg), ② soil pH, ③ soil conductivity EC (ms), ④ soil organic matter content OM (g/kg), ⑥ soil heavy metal cadmium content (mg/kg), ⑥ soil heavy metal cadmium extraction state content (mg/kg) and the like, and measuring the cadmium content in the rice after the rice is harvested.
Using the measured 7 items of data as a group of data, inputting a plurality of groups of data into a matrix, and substituting into a function LogM (Cd)rice)＝a+b·pH+c·EC+d·OM+e·logM(Cdtotal)+f·logM(Cdex)+g·logM(Seex) Lass using professional mathematic software MatlabAnd (4) performing multivariate attribution analysis on the o function to calculate parameters from a to g, wherein the parameters are respectively as follows: a is-4.1378, b is 0.3862, c is 0.2718, d is 0.0043, e is 0.6275, f is 0.2625, and g is-0.1111.
The system specifically operates as follows:
the first step is as follows: the content of the available selenium Se in the soil is input into an input box, the content of the available Se is input into the box, and the data unit is mg/kg.
The second step is that: the pH value of the soil is input, and a square frame after the pH value of the soil is used for inputting the numerical value of the pH value, which is usually 2 decimal places.
The third step: the conductivity of the soil is input and the box after the conductivity of the soil is used to input the value of the conductivity in ms.
The fourth step: the organic matter content of the soil is input, and the square frame after the organic matter of the soil is used for inputting the numerical value of the organic matter content of the soil, and the unit is g/kg.
The fifth step: inputting the content of heavy metal Cd in the soil, wherein the box after the heavy metal in the soil is used for inputting the content value of the heavy metal Cd in the soil, and the unit is mg/kg.
And a sixth step: inputting the content of the heavy metal weak acid extraction state of the soil, wherein the box after the heavy metal extraction state of the soil is used for inputting the numerical value of the content of the Cd weak acid extraction state of the soil, and the unit is mg/kg.
The seventh step: and clicking to calculate, synthesizing the input data, calculating and outputting a result. Clicking the reset button can clear the user from selecting the category information and inputting the information, and re-inputting the information for calculation.
Based on the model for accumulating cadmium in the selenium-cadmium associated rice, relevant data of the soil part is brought into the model, the absorption value of cadmium in the rice is calculated, and the absorption value is compared with an actual measured value, so that the reliability of the model is verified.
According to the related standard GBT 27404 plus 2008 laboratory quality control standard food physicochemical detection, a standard substance (a real standard sample) or a horizontal test sample is repeatedly analyzed, the deviation guide range of the content average value and the true value is determined, and when the content of Cd in the sample is 0.01-10 mg/kg, the corresponding deviation range is-20% -10%. Therefore, the error between the analog calculation value and the measured value within the range is accurate and reliable. In consideration of actual conditions, sampling points of samples are high-cadmium selenium-rich areas, the cadmium absorption rule is interfered to a certain degree, and other 7 groups of data have certain errors in the determination, so that the deviation range of-20% to + 30% is defined as a safety risk value. When the Cd content in the rice is calculated by the model to be lower than 0.16mg/kg, the rice is considered to be safe; in the range of 0.16-0.26 mg/kg, the rice is considered to have overproof risks; when the heavy metal content is more than 0.26mg/kg, the rice is considered to exceed the standard.
Through actual sample detection, the accuracy of the selenium and cadmium associated rice heavy metal safety diagnosis system is over 75%, and the model has the function of predicting the accumulation and safety of heavy metal cadmium in rice under the selenium and cadmium associated condition.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only specific embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, additions, equivalents, etc. made within the scope of the principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A selenium-cadmium associated crop heavy metal safety diagnosis system is characterized by comprising:
the UI module is used for inputting related parameter data and displaying a calculation result;
the processing module comprises a relation model between related parameters and the content of the heavy metal cadmium in the crops, calculates the content of the heavy metal cadmium in the crops according to the related parameter data, and evaluates the safety of the content of the heavy metal in the crops; the relevant parameters comprise the content of the selenium in the effective state of the soil, the pH value of the soil, the conductivity of the soil, the content of organic matters in the soil, the content of cadmium in the heavy metal in the soil and the content of cadmium in the extracted state of the heavy metal in the soil;
and the management module is used for inputting the relevant parameter data into the relation model for calculation and evaluating the safety of the heavy metal content of the crops after receiving the relevant parameter data, and transmitting the evaluation result to the UI module for display.
2. The system for safely diagnosing heavy metals associated with selenium and cadmium as claimed in claim 1, wherein the crop is rice.
3. The system for safely diagnosing selenium-cadmium associated crop heavy metal according to claim 1, wherein the relational model is:
LogM(Cdrice)＝a+b·pH+c·EC+d·OM+e·logM(Cdtotal)+f·logM(Cdex)+g·logM(Seex)；
wherein, M (Cd)rice) The unit is the content of heavy metal cadmium in crops, and is mg/kg; the pH is the soil pH; EC is soil conductivity, and the unit is ms; OM is the content of organic matters in the soil, and the unit is g/kg; m (Cd)total) The content of heavy metal cadmium in the soil is mg/kg; m (Cd)ex) The content of heavy metal cadmium in the soil is extracted, and the unit is mg/kg; m (Se)ex) The content of selenium in the effective state of soil is mg/kg; a to g are constants.
4. The system for diagnosing safety of heavy metals associated with selenium and cadmium as claimed in claim 3, wherein the configuration module configures specific parameters for the relationship model as follows: a is-4.1378, b is 0.3862, c is 0.2718, d is 0.0043, e is 0.6275, f is 0.2625, and g is-0.1111.
5. The system for diagnosing the safety of the heavy metal of the selenium-cadmium associated crops according to claim 4, wherein when the content of the heavy metal cadmium in the crops to be tested calculated by the relation model is lower than 0.16mg/kg, the safety of the content of the heavy metal in the crops is defined; when the calculated heavy metal cadmium content is within the range of 0.16-0.26 mg/kg, defining that the crop heavy metal content has an overproof risk; and when the calculated heavy metal cadmium content is more than 0.26mg/kg, defining that the heavy metal content of the crops exceeds the standard.
6. A selenium-cadmium associated crop heavy metal safety diagnosis method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) planting target crops in the high-cadmium selenium-rich soil, and measuring relevant parameters of the soil; the relevant parameters comprise the content of the selenium in the effective state of the soil, the pH value of the soil, the conductivity of the soil, the content of organic matters in the soil, the content of cadmium in the heavy metal in the soil and the content of cadmium in the extracted state of the heavy metal in the soil;
(2) after crops are ripe and harvested, determining the content of heavy metal cadmium in the crops;
(3) establishing a relation model between the relevant parameters and the content of the heavy metal cadmium in the crops, wherein the relation model is as follows:
LogM(Cdrice)＝a+b·pH+c·EC+d·OM+e·logM(Cdtotal)+f·logM(Cdex)+g·logM(Seex)；
wherein, M (Cd)rice) The content of heavy metal cadmium in the crops; the pH is the soil pH; EC is soil conductivity; OM is the content of organic matters in the soil; m (Cd)total) The content of heavy metal cadmium in the soil; m (Cd)ex) The content of heavy metal cadmium in the soil is extracted; m (Se)ex) The content of selenium in the soil is the effective state; a to g are constants;
(4) and measuring relevant parameters of the soil of the producing area of the crop to be detected, calculating the content of the heavy metal cadmium in the crop to be detected according to the relation model, and evaluating the safety of the heavy metal of the crop to be detected.
7. The method for safely diagnosing the heavy metal of the selenium-cadmium associated crop as claimed in claim 6, wherein the crop is rice.
8. The method for safely diagnosing selenium-cadmium associated crop heavy metal according to claim 6, wherein in the step (3), a software Matlab Lasso function is used for performing multivariate attribution analysis to calculate values a to g, so as to obtain the relationship model.
9. The method for diagnosing safety of heavy metals associated with selenium and cadmium as claimed in claim 7, wherein the relationship model is:
LogM(Cdrice)＝-4.1378+0.3862pH+0.2718EC+0.0043OM+0.6275logM(Cdtotal)+0.2625logM(Cdex)-0.1111logM(Seex)；
wherein M is(Cdrice) The unit is the content of heavy metal cadmium in crops, and is mg/kg; the pH is the soil pH; EC is soil conductivity, and the unit is ms; OM is the content of organic matters in the soil, and the unit is g/kg; m (Cd)total) The content of heavy metal cadmium in the soil is mg/kg; m (Cd)ex) The content of heavy metal cadmium in the soil is extracted, and the unit is mg/kg; m (Se)ex) The unit is mg/kg, which is the content of selenium in the effective state of soil.
10. The method for diagnosing the safety of the heavy metal of the selenium-cadmium associated crops, according to claim 9, is characterized in that when the content of the heavy metal cadmium in the crops to be tested, which is calculated by the relation model, is lower than 0.16mg/kg, the safety of the content of the heavy metal in the crops is defined; when the calculated heavy metal cadmium content is within the range of 0.16-0.26 mg/kg, defining that the crop heavy metal content has an overproof risk; and when the calculated heavy metal cadmium content is more than 0.26mg/kg, defining that the heavy metal content of the crops exceeds the standard.
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| CN111915469A (en) * | 2020-08-17 | 2020-11-10 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Batch evaluation method for cadmium emission intensity of cadmium-related enterprises in regional range |
| CN112348691A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-02-09 | 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所 | Method and device for identifying potential overproof area of heavy metal content of agricultural product in situ |
| CN112508728A (en) * | 2020-11-17 | 2021-03-16 | 河北地质大学 | Selenium-rich crop safety determination method, system, storage medium, equipment and application |
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