CN111238995A - Multifunctional foaming test equipment and use method thereof - Google Patents
Multifunctional foaming test equipment and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111238995A CN111238995A CN202010207974.2A CN202010207974A CN111238995A CN 111238995 A CN111238995 A CN 111238995A CN 202010207974 A CN202010207974 A CN 202010207974A CN 111238995 A CN111238995 A CN 111238995A
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- G01N7/00—Analysing materials by measuring the pressure or volume of a gas or vapour
- G01N7/14—Analysing materials by measuring the pressure or volume of a gas or vapour by allowing the material to emit a gas or vapour, e.g. water vapour, and measuring a pressure or volume difference
- G01N7/16—Analysing materials by measuring the pressure or volume of a gas or vapour by allowing the material to emit a gas or vapour, e.g. water vapour, and measuring a pressure or volume difference by heating the material
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Abstract
The invention provides multifunctional foaming test equipment which comprises a tensile testing machine, a visual foaming glass tube with a hollow piston rod and a visual oil bath pan, and a using method of the multifunctional foaming test equipment. The multifunctional foaming test equipment can simulate the actual foaming environment of the foaming agent, can investigate the influence of the medium, temperature and pressure of the foaming agent on the foaming performance of the foaming agent, and has great value on the development of the foaming agent and the guidance of the foaming application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a multifunctional foaming test device and a method for testing the expansion capacity of a foaming expanding agent by using the multifunctional foaming test device.
Background
At present, the devices for testing the expansion capability of the foaming expanding agent are mainly limited to a Thermal Mechanical Analyzer (TMA), a Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC) and the like, and although the devices are relatively precise, the expansion condition of the foaming agent in the actual use process cannot be reflected, and the guidance for the actual application is poor. CN104634809A discloses that the expansion rate-temperature relation curve is obtained by utilizing a laser range finder to measure the height of a sample on line, and although the relation is visual, the pressure factor in the expansion process is not considered. CN209542352U discloses a foaming agent gas evolution tester, which is not applicable to a physical foaming agent with a core-shell structure. In sum, the existing test for the expansion capacity of the foaming agent in the foaming process is often single in function and cannot fully simulate the process conditions in the application of the actual foaming agent. Therefore, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to develop a multifunctional foaming test device, so that the actual foaming environment of the foaming agent can be simulated, the influence of the medium, the temperature and the pressure of the foaming agent on the foaming performance of the foaming agent can be inspected, and the multifunctional foaming test device has great value on the development of the foaming agent and the guidance of the foaming application.
Disclosure of Invention
The multifunctional foaming test device disclosed by the invention comprises three parts, namely a tensile testing machine (see reference numeral 3), a visual foaming glass tube with a hollow piston rod (see reference numeral 1) and a visual oil bath pan (see reference numeral 2), as shown in figure 1. The tension tester has the advantages of high precision, wide speed regulation range, compact structure, convenient operation, stable performance and the like, and is suitable for tensile, compression, bending and creep tests of material samples and products such as plastics, waterproof materials, textiles, paper products, rubber and the like.
In the present invention, the main function of the tensile tester is to record the changes in pressure and displacement. As shown in fig. 2, the tensile testing machine includes a rigid frame structure composed of a workbench (see reference numeral 11), an upper beam (see reference numeral 7) and double-sided columns (see reference numeral 10), wherein the double-sided columns are provided with lead screws (see reference numeral 9), and a movable beam (see reference numeral 8) parallel to the upper beam is connected to the lead screws through transmission nuts and moves up and down along with the rotation of the lead screws. The screw rod is driven by a driving motor, the driving motor is connected with the screw rod through a chain, and the screw rod is driven to synchronously rotate through the driving chain. A force sensor (see reference numeral 12) for testing a pressure value is arranged at the middle point of the movable cross beam, a displacement sensor for testing the displacement of the movable cross beam is arranged on the screw rod, and the force sensor and the displacement sensor are connected with a computer end (see reference numeral 6). A hollow cylindrical seat (see reference numeral 13) with a positioning hole is fixedly arranged below the force sensor and used for fixing the visual foamed glass tube with the hollow piston rod, and the hollow cylindrical seat is a hollow cylindrical base and is radially provided with a cylindrical positioning hole.
The visual foaming glass tube with the hollow piston rod mainly comprises a temperature-resistant and pressure-resistant hollow glass tube with flange heads at the upper end and the lower end and a hollow piston rod (see reference numeral 5) with a piston connected to the bottom, wherein the hollow piston rod is arranged in the hollow glass tube, and the outer diameter of the piston is matched with the inner diameter of the hollow glass tube. The upper end of the hollow glass tube is provided with a flange head so as to be conveniently placed into or taken out of the oil bath pot, the lower end of the hollow glass tube is provided with a flange head which is sealed with the base, and a gasket is arranged between the flange head at the lower end and the base so as to prevent the foaming material to be measured (see the reference numeral 4) from leaking. Fig. 3 is a partially enlarged view of a visual foamed glass tube with a hollow piston rod, the piston is made of stainless steel, the piston is connected with the hollow piston rod through a thread, wherein the dotted line part represents the thread part connected with the hollow piston rod, a point-contact temperature measuring thermocouple (see reference numeral 17) is arranged in the center of the bottom of the piston and is used for measuring the actual temperature of the foamed material, and a lead (see reference numeral 14) of the thermocouple penetrates through the inside of the hollow piston rod and is connected with a display. In order to ensure the sealing of the foaming material during measurement and simultaneously reduce the friction force between the piston and the glass tube as much as possible, a small gap between the piston and the hollow glass tube is sealed by high-temperature heat conduction oil (see reference numeral 18), and the heat conduction oil cannot leak into the foaming material to be measured due to the adhesion and the surface tension of oil. The side wall of the cylinder piston cylinder is provided with a small oil filling hole (see the reference numeral 16), an oil filling needle is inserted into the small oil filling hole and is connected with an external syringe through a thin oil filling pipe (see the reference numeral 15), and the thin oil filling pipe also penetrates through the hollow piston rod. The top of the hollow piston rod is in threaded connection with a cylindrical boss with a positioning hole, the cylindrical boss is placed in a hollow cylindrical seat with the positioning hole of the tensile testing machine, the positioning pin is inserted, and the fastening bolt is screwed down, so that the tensile testing machine and the hollow piston rod can be well connected.
As shown in fig. 4, the visual oil bath pan mainly comprises 5 parts, such as a stirrer (see reference numeral 19), a temperature thermocouple (see reference numeral 20), a glass window (see reference numeral 21), an oil leakage prevention receiving box (see reference numeral 22), an electric heating ring (see reference numeral 23) and the like, and has the main functions of providing the temperature required by foaming of the foaming material and directly observing the foaming process from the glass window. Visual oil bath pot is including the pot body for the splendid attire conduction oil, the internal electrical heating circle that is provided with of pot, a side of the pot body is provided with the glass window, can observe the foaming process directly perceivedly, pot body bottom sets up leak protection oil and connects the box, avoids the pollution that the oil leak caused the environment. A stirrer is also arranged in the pot body to accelerate heat transfer. The pot body is internally provided with a temperature thermocouple which is inserted into the heat conduction oil and used for measuring the temperature of the heat conduction oil. The gas cylinder is installed at the top of the pot body, so that smoke generated by high-temperature heat conduction oil can be conveniently led out, and pollution is reduced.
The use method of the multifunctional foaming test equipment comprises the following steps:
and (3) placing the visual oil bath pot on a workbench of a tensile testing machine, and heating the heat conduction oil to reach a preset temperature. And adding the foaming material to be detected into the visual foaming glass tube, fixing a flange bolt at the lower end of the hollow glass tube to seal the tube body of the hollow glass tube with the base, and plugging the hollow piston rod into the hollow glass tube. Then slowly putting the foamed glass tube into an oil bath pot, putting the cylindrical boss on the hollow piston rod into a hollow cylindrical seat of a tensile testing machine, aligning the positioning hole and inserting a positioning pin, screwing a fastening bolt, connecting the tensile testing machine and the hollow piston rod, operating the tensile testing machine to slowly move a moving cross beam of the tensile testing machine downwards until the bottom of the piston touches a foamed material to be tested, pushing an injector to inject a proper amount of high-temperature heat conduction oil into a narrow cavity between the piston of the hollow piston rod and the inner wall of the hollow glass tube for sealing, and slowly moving the hollow piston rod upwards and downwards so as to reset the gravity and the friction force of the hollow piston rod at a computer end. And then giving appropriate pressure and temperature to the material according to the test requirements, and recording corresponding data.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a multifunctional foaming test apparatus according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a tensile testing machine of the multifunctional foaming testing device according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a partially enlarged view of a visual foamed glass tube with a hollow piston rod of the multifunctional foaming test device according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a visual oil bath pan of the multifunctional foaming test apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a graph of force and displacement under a pressurized pressure of 1MPa according to example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a graph of force and displacement at a pressure relieved to 0.2MPa according to example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
The multifunctional foaming test equipment according to the present invention was used according to the following procedure: adding a foaming material to be detected into a visual foaming glass tube, fixing a flange bolt at the bottom of the glass tube, slowly putting the foaming glass tube into an oil bath pan, connecting a tensile testing machine and a hollow piston rod, operating the tensile testing machine to slowly move a moving cross beam of the tensile testing machine downwards until the bottom of a piston touches the foaming material, pushing an injector to inject a proper amount of high-temperature heat conduction oil to seal a narrow cavity between the piston and the inner wall of the glass tube, and slowly moving the hollow piston rod upwards and downwards to reset the gravity and the friction force of the hollow piston rod at a computer end. And then giving appropriate pressure and temperature to the material according to the test requirements, and recording corresponding data.
Example 1: 100 parts of high-temperature expandable microspheres without medium, the temperature is raised from room temperature to 170 ℃ per minute at 5 ℃, an expansion displacement-time curve is output under the pressure of 0.2MPa, and the foaming capacity of the foaming agent under the specific pressure at the specific temperature can be measured.
The specific operation is as follows: 0.5g of high-temperature expandable microspheres DU1901 is added to the bottom of the glass tube, the piston rod is moved downwards to enable the bottom of the piston to contact the microspheres, the heat-conducting oil is injected into a gap between the sealed piston and the hollow glass tube, and the piston rod is slowly moved up and down to zero the gravity and the friction force of the piston rod at the computer end. Placing the glass tube in a constant-temperature oil bath pot at 170 ℃, operating a cross beam of a universal tensile machine to move downwards to continuously compact the materials, enabling the pressure value to reach 314N and the reduced pressure to be 1MPa, after keeping the pressure for 250s, testing that the temperature of the microspheres reaches 170 ℃ by a foaming material temperature thermocouple in the hollow piston rod, rapidly unloading the pressure to 63N and keeping the reduced pressure to be 0.2MPa for 1000 s.
The displacement curve after the pressure of 1MPa is kept for 250s is shown in figure 5, the displacement curve rises, the temperature is transferred to the inside of the glass tube after about 50s, the microspheres begin to soften, the whole material is slightly moved downwards and compacted, and the displacement curve rises on the figure. Already at 200s there started to be a slight expansion, showing a drop in the displacement curve on the graph.
Releasing the pressure to 0.2MPa and keeping the output image of 1000s, as shown in FIG. 6, the expansion speed of the microspheres is slow from about 250s after the pressure is released to 0.2MPa, the microspheres enter a fast expansion period from about 250s to about 660s, and the microspheres enter a slow expansion stage from about 660s to 1000 s. The average expansion rates for the three stages were calculated as follows:
0-250s, slow segment, expansion rate: 0.0125mm/s
250-: 0.0606mm/s
660-: 0.014mm/s
Wherein, at about 490s, the piston separates with the microballon, shows that microballon spherical shell has some fracture because of being heated for a long time this moment to lead to a large amount of gas volatilization, has jacked the piston rod and has made piston and microballon break away from.
Example 2: after 1 part of high-temperature expandable microspheres and 100 parts of automobile bottom adhesive (UBC) are uniformly mixed, a proper amount of the mixture is added into a foaming glass tube, the bottom of a piston is in contact with materials, the pressure value is 0 to simulate normal-pressure foaming, the temperature is raised to 110 ℃ per minute from room temperature at 5 ℃, the temperature is kept for 10s, the temperature is raised to 150 ℃ per minute at 5 ℃, the temperature is kept for 30min, an expansion displacement-time curve is output, and the foaming capacity of a foaming agent in PVC adhesive at a specific temperature and under normal pressure can be measured.
Example 3: after 2 parts of the ultrahigh-temperature microspheres and 100 parts of PP powder are uniformly mixed, a proper amount of the ultrahigh-temperature microspheres is added into a foaming glass tube, the ultrahigh-temperature microspheres stay for 20s in an environment of 170 ℃ under the pressure of 0.2MPa, stay for 30s in an environment of 180 ℃ under the pressure of 0.3MPa, stay for 10s in an environment of 220 ℃ under the pressure of 0.4MPa, and an expansion displacement-time curve is output, so that the foaming capacity of a foaming agent in molten plastic particles at different temperatures and pressures can be measured.
Example 4: 100 parts of sodium bicarbonate foaming agent, without medium, is heated from room temperature at 5 ℃ per minute, the pressure is kept at 1.5PMa, when the temperature is raised to 220 ℃, the pressure is gradually reduced, and when the expansion displacement begins, the pressure-time curve is output, and the maximum foaming tolerance pressure of the foaming agent at a specific temperature can be measured.
Example 5: 100 parts of Azodicarbonamide (AC) without a medium, at a temperature of 5 ℃ per minute at room temperature, maintaining a pressure of 0.3MPa, stopping when the expansion displacement starts, outputting a temperature-time curve, and measuring the initial foaming temperature of the foaming agent under a specific pressure.
Reference numerals
1 visual foamed glass tube
2 visual oil bath pot
3 tensile testing machine
4 foaming Material to be measured
5 hollow piston rod
6 computer terminal
7 Upper beam
8 moving beam
9 screw mandrel
10 column
11 working table
12 force sensor
13 hollow cylindrical seat
14 conducting wire
15 refuel tubule
16 oil filling small hole
17 point contact type temperature thermocouple
18 heat conducting oil
19 stirrer
20 temperature thermocouple
21 glass window
22 leak-proof oil receiving box
23 electric heating ring
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A multifunctional foaming test device comprising:
(1) the tensile testing machine comprises a rigid frame structure consisting of a workbench, an upper cross beam and two side columns, wherein screw rods are mounted on the two side columns, a movable cross beam is connected to the screw rods through transmission nuts and moves up and down along with the rotation of the screw rods, a force sensor for testing a pressure value is arranged at the middle point of the movable cross beam, a displacement sensor for testing the displacement of the movable cross beam is arranged on the screw rods, and a hollow cylindrical seat with a positioning hole is mounted below the force sensor;
(2) the visual foaming glass tube is composed of a hollow glass tube with flange heads at the upper end and the lower end and a hollow piston rod with a piston connected at the bottom, wherein the hollow piston rod is arranged in the hollow glass tube, the outer diameter of the piston is matched with the inner diameter of the hollow glass tube, a flange bolt is arranged at the lower end of the hollow glass tube, and a cylindrical boss with a positioning hole, which is matched with the hollow cylindrical seat with the positioning hole, is arranged at the top of the hollow piston rod; and
(3) and the visual oil bath pot is arranged on a workbench of the tensile testing machine and is used for providing required temperature for the foaming material to be tested in the visual foaming glass tube.
2. The multifunctional foaming test device of claim 1, wherein the force sensor and the displacement sensor are connected to a computer.
3. A multifunctional foaming test apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the piston is stainless steel.
4. The multifunctional foaming test device of claim 1, wherein the screw rod is driven by a driving motor, the driving motor is connected with the screw rod through a driving chain, and the screw rod is driven to rotate synchronously through the driving chain.
5. A multifunctional foaming test apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the hollow cylindrical seat is a hollow cylindrical base provided with cylindrical positioning holes in a radial direction.
6. The multifunctional foaming test equipment according to claim 1, wherein a point contact type temperature thermocouple for measuring the actual temperature of the foaming material is arranged at the center of the bottom of the hollow piston rod, and the point contact type temperature thermocouple is connected to a computer.
7. The multifunctional foaming test device of claim 1, wherein the side wall of the piston cylinder of the hollow piston rod is provided with an oil filling small hole, an oil filling needle is inserted into the oil filling small hole, and the oil filling small hole is connected with an external syringe through an oil filling thin tube penetrating through the hollow piston rod.
8. The multifunctional foaming test apparatus of claim 1, wherein the visual oil bath pan comprises a pan body, a stirrer, a temperature thermocouple, a glass window, an oil leakage prevention junction box, and an electric heating ring, wherein the electric heating ring is disposed in the pan body, the glass window is disposed at one side of the pan body, the oil leakage prevention junction box is disposed at the bottom of the pan body, the stirrer is disposed in the pan body, and the temperature thermocouple is disposed in the pan body.
9. The multifunctional foaming test device of claim 8, wherein the top of the pan body is further provided with a gas cylinder for guiding out the smoke generated by the high temperature heat transfer oil.
10. The method of using the multifunctional foaming test device according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
(1) adding a foaming material to be detected into a visual foaming glass tube, fixing a flange bolt at the lower end of the hollow glass tube, sealing the tube body of the hollow glass tube with a base, and plugging a hollow piston rod into the hollow glass tube;
(2) placing the visual foaming glass tube into a visual oil bath pan, placing a cylindrical boss at the top of the hollow piston rod into a hollow cylindrical seat of a tensile testing machine, aligning a positioning hole and inserting a positioning pin, screwing a fastening bolt to connect the tensile testing machine and the hollow piston rod, and operating the tensile testing machine to slowly move a moving beam of the tensile testing machine downwards until the bottom of the piston of the hollow piston rod touches the foaming material to be tested;
(3) pushing an injector to inject a proper amount of high-temperature heat conduction oil into a small gap between the piston of the hollow piston rod and the hollow glass tube to seal, and slowly moving the hollow piston rod up and down to zero out the gravity and the friction force of the hollow piston rod at a computer end; and
(4) and giving appropriate pressure and temperature to the foaming material to be tested according to the test requirements, and recording corresponding data.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010207974.2A CN111238995A (en) | 2020-03-23 | 2020-03-23 | Multifunctional foaming test equipment and use method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010207974.2A CN111238995A (en) | 2020-03-23 | 2020-03-23 | Multifunctional foaming test equipment and use method thereof |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111238995A true CN111238995A (en) | 2020-06-05 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010207974.2A Pending CN111238995A (en) | 2020-03-23 | 2020-03-23 | Multifunctional foaming test equipment and use method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114280231A (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-04-05 | 中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司铁道建筑研究所 | Portable device and method for rapidly testing working performance of foaming material |
| CN117929193A (en) * | 2024-03-25 | 2024-04-26 | 中国电子科技集团公司第二十九研究所 | Device and method for accurately measuring foaming expansion force of antenna package |
-
2020
- 2020-03-23 CN CN202010207974.2A patent/CN111238995A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114280231A (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-04-05 | 中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司铁道建筑研究所 | Portable device and method for rapidly testing working performance of foaming material |
| CN117929193A (en) * | 2024-03-25 | 2024-04-26 | 中国电子科技集团公司第二十九研究所 | Device and method for accurately measuring foaming expansion force of antenna package |
| CN117929193B (en) * | 2024-03-25 | 2024-06-07 | 中国电子科技集团公司第二十九研究所 | Device and method for accurately measuring foaming expansion force of antenna package |
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