CN111237744A - 纯氧燃烧技术 - Google Patents
纯氧燃烧技术 Download PDFInfo
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- CN111237744A CN111237744A CN202010069484.0A CN202010069484A CN111237744A CN 111237744 A CN111237744 A CN 111237744A CN 202010069484 A CN202010069484 A CN 202010069484A CN 111237744 A CN111237744 A CN 111237744A
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 17
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 17
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 8
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-amine Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C=2N=C(N)SC=2)=C1 MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 carbon dioxide sulfur dioxide metal oxide Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XXLDWSKFRBJLMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon dioxide;carbon monoxide Chemical compound O=[C].O=C=O XXLDWSKFRBJLMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002090 carbon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C9/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber
- F23C9/06—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber for completing combustion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
- F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
- F23J15/027—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow using cyclone separators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/06—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L7/00—Supplying non-combustible liquids or gases, other than air, to the fire, e.g. oxygen, steam
- F23L7/007—Supplying oxygen or oxygen-enriched air
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
本发明要解决的问题是:燃料燃烧时所产生的环境污染问题,燃料燃烧产生物的回收问题,燃料燃烧能量的高效回收利用问题。本发明是将纯氧用于锅炉、燃气轮机、活塞发动机使它们不再需要空气就能运行,并且可以将它们运行产生的污染物全部回收的方法。也可以把本发明理解为一种炭捕捉的方法。图1是原理示意图,1是旋风分离器,2是燃料入口,3是氧气入口,4是工质循环风机,5是燃烧室,6是能量回收装置,7是废气回收装置,8废气管道,9是锅炉炉膛燃烧室,10是锅炉尾部烟道受热面,11是锅炉尾部灰斗,12是锅炉制粉系统,13是空分制氧系统,14是氧气罐或者液氧罐,15是发动机,16是发动机燃料罐。
Description
技术背景
锅炉是我们主要的能源提取方式,它是通过煤在空气中燃烧产生热能来为人们提供能源的,随着人们环保的要求越来越高,锅炉的系统也越来越庞大,人们在锅炉系统中加入脱硝装置、脱硫装置、碳捕捉装置,使运营成本一再升高。
活塞发动机是我们主要车辆船舶的动力来源,它是通过油和空气在气缸内燃烧产生的高温高压来为人们提供动力,也是空气污染的一大来源,人们虽然也采取喷洒尿素,但是还是无法根治氮的氧化物产生,也不能很好回收碳的氧化物。
燃气轮机是目前比较清洁的能源,它是通过油或者天然气和空气在燃烧室燃烧产生高温高压空气推动叶片做功获取动能,再通过换热器回收热能,也是空气污染的一大来源,人们虽然也采取喷洒尿素,但是还是无法根治氮的氧化物产生,也不能很好回收碳的氧化物。
发明内容
本发明要解决的问题是:燃料燃烧时所产生的环境污染问题,燃料燃烧产生物的回收问题,燃料燃烧能量的高效回收利用问题。
本发明是将纯氧用于锅炉、燃气轮机、活塞发动机使它们不再需要空气就能运行,并且可以将它们运行产生的污染物全部回收的方法。也可以把本发明理解为一种炭捕捉的方法。
本发明是将纯氧和二氧化碳混合,形成燃烧环境,让燃料在这个环境燃烧放出能量,我们可以通过控制氧量和供氧方式调整燃烧强度,控制燃烧速度,燃烧产生的灰渣从下部排出,或者随燃烧产生的气体一块做功、热能回收,然后进入旋风分离器,旋风分离器将剩余的氧气和一氧化碳、二氧化碳等分离出来重新混入纯氧送入燃烧室,形成循环燃烧,循环做功。旋风分离分离出的水蒸汽和二氧化碳、二氧化硫、二氧化氮、金属氧化物等等送往冷却压缩环节,进行回收处理。旋风分离器是利用气体高速螺旋运动的离心力对气体进行分选。
附图说明
图1是原理示意图,1是旋风分离器,2是燃料入口,3是氧气入口,4是工质循环风机,5是燃烧室,6是能量回收装置,7是废气回收装置,8废气管道,9是锅炉炉膛燃烧室,10是锅炉尾部烟道受热面,11是锅炉尾部灰斗,12是锅炉制粉系统,13是空分制氧系统,14是氧气罐或者液氧罐,15是发动机,16是发动机燃料罐。
图2是燃煤锅炉示意图。
图3是活塞发动机或者燃气轮机示意图。
具体实施方式
具体实施方案介绍三个,一个是电站煤粉锅炉,一个是大型工程车用柴油机,一个大型燃气轮机。。
电站用煤粉锅炉如图2所示,原煤进入12制粉系统在二氧化碳的加热输送下制成煤粉送入9炉膛,13空分制氧系统制出氧气送入9炉膛,氧气和煤粉在9炉膛中燃烧放出热量加热炉膛受热面和10尾部烟道受热面,燃烧完的灰烬落入11灰斗,燃烧完的其他进入1旋风分离器,在1旋风分离器中经过分选小分子氧气一氧化碳二氧化碳等径上部出口排出,去4工质循环风机进行下一次循环。进入1旋风分离器的大分子二氧化碳二氧化硫金属氧化物等等经侧面出口排出,进入7废气回收装置进行回收利用或者掩埋处理,锅炉完成了洁净燃烧。
船用活塞柴油机如图3所示,将纯氧从14氧气罐或者液氧罐取出,和从4工质循环风机来的尾气混合后进入气缸,燃料从16发动机燃料罐进入气缸后点火燃烧,燃烧产生高热高压做功,推动活塞运动,做过功的气体进入1旋风分离器,小分子类的延期一氧化碳二氧化碳从上边出口去4工质循环风机进行下一次循环,大分子二氧化碳二氧化硫金属氧化物等等经侧面出口排出,进入7废气回收装置进行回收利用储存。
船用燃气轮机的实施方式类似活塞式柴油机,只是在氧气和从4工质循环风机来的尾气混合后进入压气机加压后进入燃烧室,剧烈燃烧后推动叶片做功,然后将热量传递给受热面,才进入1旋风分离器,小分子类的延期一氧化碳二氧化碳从上不出口去4工质循环风机进行下一次循环,大分子二氧化碳二氧化硫金属氧化物等等经侧面出口排出,进入7废气回收装置进行回收利用储存。
Claims (1)
1.纯氧燃烧技术特征在于,将纯氧用于锅炉、活塞发动机、燃气轮机的燃烧当中,并且在燃烧后排出的尾气上设置旋风分离器进行分选,将未燃尽的气体重新送入燃烧室燃烧。
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Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101634449A (zh) * | 2009-09-01 | 2010-01-27 | 东南大学 | 循环流化床温烟气循环氧燃烧减排二氧化碳的方法 |
JP2011106789A (ja) * | 2009-11-20 | 2011-06-02 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 微粉炭焚きボイラシステム |
CN202902326U (zh) * | 2012-06-25 | 2013-04-24 | 赵军政 | 高效节能环保的锅炉 |
CN108240619A (zh) * | 2018-03-22 | 2018-07-03 | 上海锅炉厂有限公司 | 一种应用高温高效旋风分离器的烟气再循环系统 |
CN110094722A (zh) * | 2019-04-19 | 2019-08-06 | 南京师范大学 | 一种流化床载氧体辅助富氧燃烧系统及方法 |
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2020
- 2020-01-22 CN CN202010069484.0A patent/CN111237744A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101634449A (zh) * | 2009-09-01 | 2010-01-27 | 东南大学 | 循环流化床温烟气循环氧燃烧减排二氧化碳的方法 |
JP2011106789A (ja) * | 2009-11-20 | 2011-06-02 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 微粉炭焚きボイラシステム |
CN202902326U (zh) * | 2012-06-25 | 2013-04-24 | 赵军政 | 高效节能环保的锅炉 |
CN108240619A (zh) * | 2018-03-22 | 2018-07-03 | 上海锅炉厂有限公司 | 一种应用高温高效旋风分离器的烟气再循环系统 |
CN110094722A (zh) * | 2019-04-19 | 2019-08-06 | 南京师范大学 | 一种流化床载氧体辅助富氧燃烧系统及方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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上海市经济团体联合会,上海市化学化工学会编著: "节能减排理论基础与装备技术", 31 May 2010, 华东理工大学出版社, pages: 317 * |
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