CN111236847A - Expanding drill - Google Patents
Expanding drill Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111236847A CN111236847A CN202010218802.5A CN202010218802A CN111236847A CN 111236847 A CN111236847 A CN 111236847A CN 202010218802 A CN202010218802 A CN 202010218802A CN 111236847 A CN111236847 A CN 111236847A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- drill
- shaft
- sleeve
- connecting rod
- central shaft
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/26—Drill bits with leading portion, i.e. drill bits with a pilot cutter; Drill bits for enlarging the borehole, e.g. reamers
- E21B10/32—Drill bits with leading portion, i.e. drill bits with a pilot cutter; Drill bits for enlarging the borehole, e.g. reamers with expansible cutting tools
Abstract
A reamer comprises a coaxial central shaft and an outer casing drill, wherein the lower end of the central shaft is a drill bit or a positioning end, the outer casing drill is formed by a plurality of groups of connecting rod type drills with the same size, the groups of connecting rod type drills are uniformly distributed on the circumferential side of the central shaft, two drill arms connected by loose joints are formed by each connecting rod drill, the upper end of the upper drill arm of the connecting rod drill is fixed at the upper end of the central shaft and is movably fixed on a pin shaft, the upper end of the central shaft is provided with a shaft seat of the pin shaft, the lower end of the lower drill arm of the connecting rod drill is movably fixed at the lower end of the central shaft by a second pin shaft, a sleeve ring above the drill bit is sleeved on the central shaft, the sleeve ring is provided with the shaft seat of the; the outer side of the lower drill arm of the connecting rod drill is made of hard metal, especially a plurality of alloy blocks or an alloy steel bar are welded for cutting and drilling a rock layer, and common quenched steel can deal with common hard strata.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a drilling tool for foundation construction of various constructional engineering, in particular to a reaming bit.
Background
At present, in the large-diameter drilling construction of various buildings or projects such as remote transportation of traffic bridges to revetment and the like, a drilling tool with a large drill bit is required, and particularly, the variable-diameter reinforcement cage invented by the applicant and the inventor of the present invention has the requirements during the construction, and the prior application patents of the applicant include but are not limited to: CN2017211488836, a variable-diameter steel reinforcement cage and an anchor rod, CN2017213763240, a bag expansion variable-diameter steel reinforcement cage and an anchor rod, CN2017211496584, CN2017208194362, a device for overcoming construction deformation of an anti-floating tensile anchor rod and the like. The diameter-variable steel reinforcement cage needs to be drilled at the lower end of the drilled hole before being placed into the drilled hole, and the large diameter of the diameter-variable steel reinforcement cage at the lower end is conveniently released. Therefore, when drilling, a hole expanding drill bit is needed to be used for hole expanding at the lower end, and a large-diameter drill hole is formed at the lower end, but if the lower end is a hard stratum, especially a rock stratum, the problem cannot be solved by the existing hole expanding drill bit, for example, CN 105909169 discloses a pile-forming rock-entering drill bit system of a rotary drilling rig, which comprises a hole expanding sleeve and a sleeve, wherein the front end of the hole expanding sleeve is embedded with hard alloy as a hole expanding head, and the hole expanding sleeve is installed on the hammer head of a pneumatic hammer through the sleeve. The rear end of the reaming sleeve is connected with the front end of the sleeve through a key groove, and the rear end of the sleeve is connected with the hammer through the key groove. The pneumatic hammer is characterized in that the maximum excircle of the pneumatic hammer is welded with an anti-sediment sleeve, the rear end of the pneumatic hammer is sleeved with a sheath, the front end of the sheath is arranged in the anti-sediment sleeve, the sheath and the anti-sediment sleeve are in clearance fit, and the height of the anti-sediment sleeve enables the sheath and the anti-sediment sleeve not to be separated when the pneumatic hammer acts in the maximum range. The rear end of the pneumatic hammer is connected with the rotary drilling rig through a switching joint. Hard alloy is embedded on the inner side and the outer side of the reaming sleeve.
CN 202866658U discloses an assembled reamer bit. Generally, the prior art has low efficiency, cannot achieve the expected effect, has large drill bit waste and is difficult to solve the problems in the construction of the invention.
The conventional rotary drilling rig mainly has the problems of difficult rock entering, low construction efficiency, high cost, difficult guarantee of pile hole quality and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a drilling tool which can adopt an economic and reliable rotary drilling rig to be connected with a drill rod, axial pressure and rotary torsion are transmitted to the drilling tool through the drill rod, the drilling tool can be put into a common drilling diameter to perform hole expansion at the lower end, rotary drilling hole expansion is provided for a hard stratum or a rock foundation, the rock entering speed is high, the cost is low, the rotary shearing force at the bottom of a hole is large, the verticality of the hole is ensured, and deep rock entering can be performed.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a reamer comprises a coaxial middle shaft and an outer casing drill, wherein the lower end of the middle shaft is a drill bit or a positioning end, the outer casing drill is formed by a plurality of groups (2-8 groups, generally 4 groups) of connecting rod type drills with the same size which are uniformly distributed on the circumferential side of the middle shaft, two drill arms of each connecting rod drill are connected by loose joints, the upper end of the upper drill arm of the connecting rod drill is fixed at the upper end of the middle shaft and is movably fixed on a pin shaft, a shaft seat of the pin shaft is arranged at the upper end of the middle shaft, the lower end of the lower drill arm of the connecting rod drill is movably fixed at the lower end of the middle shaft by a second pin shaft, a ferrule above the drill bit is sleeved on the middle shaft, the shaft seat of the second pin shaft is arranged on the ferrule, and the ferrule; the outer side of the lower drill arm of the connecting rod drill is made of hard metal, particularly a plurality of alloy blocks or a (whole) alloy steel bar are welded for cutting and drilling a rock layer, and the general hardened steel can deal with general hard strata (rocks with lower differentiation degree).
The improvement of the invention is that a middle shaft sleeve is arranged, a middle shaft of the middle shaft is sleeved in the sleeve and can slide in the sleeve, the upper end of an upper drill arm of a connecting rod drill is fixed at the upper end of the sleeve, and the upper end of the middle shaft sleeve is provided with a shaft seat of a pin shaft. When the middle shaft sleeve is not used, the lowest end of the middle shaft faces downwards, the outer sleeve drill can work by shallow hole positioning, the lowest end of the middle shaft can be driven to a certain depth by a bald rod and the like, and the outer sleeve drill has an opening angle. The bald rod is made of materials and has a shape which can be advanced to a certain depth according to the construction object so as to open an angle.
The connecting rod drill is characterized in that a shaft seat is arranged at the upper end of a middle shaft, pin shafts (seats) are uniformly distributed on the side surface of the shaft seat, and a switching joint combined with a drill rod is arranged at the top end of the middle shaft. A plurality of (at least 2) steel connecting rod drills are uniformly distributed on the side surface of the middle shaft by pin shafts (seats). The top end of the middle shaft is provided with a switching joint combined with a drill rod; the adapter (connector) may be a sleeve-like structure, on which an internal thread and/or an external thread may be machined.
The middle shaft sleeve can be provided with a multi-gear sliding limiter for limiting the position of the middle shaft which is sleeved into the sleeve and can slide in the sleeve. Each group of connecting rods is straight after being folded. The length of the straight line of the connecting rod drill is not more than the longest length of the middle shaft which is sleeved into the sleeve and can slide outwards in the sleeve. The radius of the counterbore is of course no greater than half the length of the drill string.
The diameter of the ferrule is generally less than the length of the central shaft.
The bottom end of the middle shaft is provided with a conical drill, a single-chip drill or a multi-chip drill, and the cross section of the drill is a cross line, a Y line, or a positioning ring and a positioning rod.
The cross section of a lower drill boom of the connecting rod drill is rectangular, an alloy block or an alloy strip is welded on the lower surface of the drill boom, the upper end and the lower end of each steel pipe body are respectively provided with an internal thread and an external thread, and a plurality of (such as 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6) radial connecting rod drills are uniformly distributed on the periphery of a shaft seat of which the upper end and the lower end of the side surface of a middle shaft or a middle shaft sleeve are provided with pin shafts.
A pull rod or a pull rope 7 is arranged, one end of the pull rod or the pull rope is fixed with the upper end of the middle shaft, and the other end of the pull rod or the pull rope 7 is led out upwards from the middle shaft sleeve 5 and the hollow part of the drill rod.
The middle shaft 1, the middle shaft sleeve 5 and the pull rod or pull rope 7 can be omitted, and a simple reaming connecting rod drill is formed.
The rotary drilling machine can also be arranged on a pneumatic drill rod, the middle shaft is of a pneumatic hammer structure, but a connecting rod drill is needed to be used for drilling a rotary drill during hole expansion, and the rotary drill is connected with the rotary drilling machine through a switching joint.
The length of the casing is made to the depth of penetration. The connection process of the rotary drilling rig on the construction site and the invention is as follows: the top end of a drill rod of the rotary drilling rig is connected with an air compressor, and when a pneumatic hammer is adopted as a front-end middle shaft of the rotary drilling rig, the rotary drilling rig is connected to the rear end of the pneumatic hammer through a middle shaft hole of the adapter.
The working process of the invention is as follows: the middle shaft (the outer edge cutting part) is pressurized and rotated to drill a hole downwards, the outer side cutting edge of the outer casing drill starts cutting at a certain depth, namely, the hard alloy directly acts on the rock to drill, the drill rod applies downward force and rotary torque force to the drilling tool, the connecting rod drill at the lower end of the outer casing drill forms a taper angle to drill downwards,
has the advantages that: by adopting the structure, the invention is the hole expanding drill bit arranged on the rotary drill rod, the hard alloy of the middle shaft and the outer casing drill (the cutting part of the outer edge) directly acts on the rock for drilling, and the hole can be formed by impacting and breaking the middle shaft in advance and then is drilled in a rotary manner, so that the rock entering speed is high, the hole verticality is high, the rock wall is uniform, the hole expanding drill bit is suitable for expanding and forming the hole of the rock with higher hardness and lower differentiation degree, an input and output pipeline can be added to the hole channel on the middle shaft and even on the middle shaft, the hole expanding drill bit can be directly acted on the rock for expanding the hole by only one primary drilling hole, thereby rotating the reinforcement cage and releasing the reinforcement cage, the contact surface of the drill bit and the rock is. The invention provides an economical and reliable rotary drilling rig which is fast in rock entering, high in construction efficiency, low in cost and good in pile hole quality, so that the function of the rotary drilling rig in the field of pile foundations is enhanced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the outer drill when the outer drill is opened in operation.
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the expandable structure of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the outer drill of the present invention as it is retracted; at this point the outer casing drill has not begun reaming.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a reamer having the other end of a pull rod or pull string from the central sleeve 5 (the outer sleeve is in a collapsed state, the drill bit 1-1 is not used).
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a reamer having the other end of a pull rod or pull string from the central sleeve 5 (with the drill bit 1-1 not in use in the expanded state of the outer casing).
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description. As shown in fig. 1-5, the reamer comprises a central shaft 1 and an outer sleeve drill 2 which are coaxial, the lower end of the central shaft is a drill bit 1-1, the outer sleeve drill is formed by 2-6 connecting rod type drills with the same size which are uniformly distributed on the circumferential side of the central shaft, each connecting rod drill is formed by two drill arms which are connected by a loose joint 2-6 (also in a pin shaft structure), the upper end of an upper drill arm 2-1 of the connecting rod drill is fixed at the upper end of the central shaft, the lower end of a lower drill arm 2-2 of the connecting rod drill is movably fixed at the lower end of the middle shaft by a second pin shaft 2-5, a sleeve ring 3 of the middle shaft is sleeved above the drill bit, the sleeve ring 3 is provided with the shaft seat 3-1 of the second pin shaft, and when the sleeve ring slides on the middle shaft, each two drill arms of the connecting rod drill are driven to open or close; the outer side (edge) of the lower drill arm of the connecting rod drill is made of hard metal 2-3, and particularly a plurality of alloy blocks (which are welded on the cutting edge of the lower drill arm 2-2 of the connecting rod drill in a close-packed manner) or an alloy strip is welded on the cutting edge of the lower drill arm 2-2 of the connecting rod drill and used for cutting and drilling a rock layer, and the common hardened steel can cope with the common hard stratum. In addition, a middle shaft sleeve 5 is arranged, a middle shaft of the middle shaft is sleeved in the sleeve and can slide in the sleeve, the upper end of an upper drill arm of the connecting rod drill is fixed at the upper end of the middle shaft sleeve 5, and a shaft seat 1-2 of a pin shaft is arranged at the upper end of the middle shaft sleeve. The lower end of the sleeve 5 is provided with a ferrule 3, and the ferrule 3 is also sleeved on the middle shaft (rod) 1.
In the figure, 4 steel connecting rod drills (4 identical steel connecting rod drills, 2 steel connecting rod drills or 3 steel connecting rod drills are uniformly distributed on the column side of a middle shaft (a middle shaft sleeve), a disc is fixed at the upper end of the middle shaft (the middle shaft sleeve), a lug (pair of lugs) is arranged at each of the four equal parts of the circumference of the disc, holes are formed in the lugs to be shaft seats 1-2 of a pin shaft, the upper end of an upper drill arm 2-1 of the connecting rod drill is provided with a shaft hole, the pin shaft 2-4 is inserted into the upper end of the upper drill arm 2-1 to be provided with the shaft hole, the lugs are provided with holes, and the pin shaft can be riveted in the. When 3 steel connecting rods are drilled, three equal parts of the circumference of the disc are respectively provided with a (pair of) lug for mounting a pin shaft and the upper end of the upper drill arm 2-1 of the 3 steel connecting rod drill. The shaft seat 3-1 with the second pin shaft on the ferrule 3 can also adopt a structure similar to a lug. Two arms of the connecting rod can change angles in an adjustable mode, the pin shaft is made of alloy steel and is at least more than 4 mm, and strength is guaranteed. The upper drill arm of the connecting rod drill does not need to be welded with alloy steel.
The top end of the middle shaft is provided with an adapter joint 4 combined with a drill rod; the adapter (connector) 4 may be a sleeve structure, which may have internal and/or external threads, and may be a threaded screw connection or a falcon or keyway connection. The upper end of the drill rod can be connected with a drill rod so that the drill rod (drill pipe) drives the drilling tool to rotate.
The middle shaft sleeve 5 (driven by the rotation of the drill rod barrel) drives the middle shaft 1 and the outer sleeve drill 2 to rotate, and the outer sleeve drill 2 is in a vertical position when the overlap of the middle shaft sleeve is minimum; the main purpose of the middle shaft 1 is not drilling, a shallow positioning hole is obtained or a hole is drilled downwards at a certain speed, the middle shaft sleeve 5 drives the outer casing drill 2 to rotate and slide downwards along a drill rod, the included angle between the lower drill arms 2-2 and 2-3 of the outer casing drill 2 and the horizontal plane is gradually reduced from 90 degrees, the drilling tool for cutting the hole is used for reaming when the outer lower side surfaces of the main lower drill arms 2-2 and 2-3 rotate, and the outer casing drill 2 forms the maximum reaming when the included angle is 25 degrees (the included angle can be manually set to be smaller or larger) as shown in figure 1; the pressure on the drill rod is controlled to ensure that the central shaft 1 drills downwards at a certain speed, and the outer casing drill 2 reams when correspondingly opened. When the soil layer is soft, the downward pressure of the middle shaft 1 is reduced.
The structure of setting the reaming size is as follows: the middle shaft sleeve 5 is provided with a multi-gear (a plurality of) sliding limiters which are used for limiting the position of the middle shaft which is sleeved into the sleeve and can slide in the sleeve, and the included angle between the lower drill arm 2-2 of the outer drill 2 and the horizontal plane can be adjusted; the drilling machine is characterized in that holes are formed in the side wall of a middle shaft sleeve 5 at different heights, holes are also formed in the side of the middle shaft, the holes and the positions, communicated with the holes in the middle shaft sleeve, of the holes are inserted through pins 6, a drill rod of a middle shaft 1 is limited in the middle shaft sleeve, the drill rod (pipe) of the middle shaft 1 is upwards limited in a blocking mode through the pins (steps or grooves are formed in the drill rod of the middle shaft 1 to form structural members such as a shaft connecting piece), the length of a hole expanding sleeve is carried out according to the force transmission strength such as the diameter and the depth of a drilled hole, the length of a sleeve is guaranteed according to the transmission of rotation torque when the drill rods are overlapped in the middle shaft sleeve, the bottom end of the middle shaft particularly adopts a; the positioning of the middle shaft can not easily form a hole when the middle shaft meets an excessively soft soil layer; the sleeve of the whole middle shaft 1 and the outer drill sleeve 2 are prevented from being brought into the easy-to-form hole when the hole is formed easily, and the positioning and reaming are prevented from being influenced; especially the diameter design of the ferrule 3 is limited.
Under the condition, each connecting rod drill is a straight line after being folded, and the maximum length of the connecting rod drill when the connecting rod drill is straight is not more than the maximum length of the middle shaft which is sleeved into the sleeve and can slide outwards in the sleeve.
The diameter of the ferrule is generally smaller than the length of the middle shaft, and the drill at the front end of the middle shaft can be a conical drill, particularly a single-piece drill or a multi-piece drill, and the cross section of the drill can be a cross wire or a Y-shaped wire. The front end of the center shaft is especially provided with a round table-shaped or torpedo-shaped cross section, the shape of the center shaft drill is changed aiming at drilled objects with different hardness or rock soil, generally speaking, the object of the invention is rock with certain weathering degree, the efficiency of the drilling tool for non-weathered rock is not ideal, and the center shaft of the invention is provided with a blunt drill when the rock with certain weathering degree or hard soil is mixed with soft soil.
In order to make the invention have wider application range, the invention designs a pull rod or a pull rope 7, one end of the pull rod or the pull rope is fixed with the upper end of the middle shaft, and the other end of the pull rod or the pull rope 7 is led out from the middle shaft sleeve 5 and the hollow part of the drill rod upwards, so that a worker on the operation surface can pull and lift the middle shaft, and the middle shaft cannot be easily formed into a hole when encountering an excessively soft soil layer; the sleeve of the whole middle shaft 1 and the outer drill sleeve 2 are prevented from being brought into the easy-to-form hole when the hole is formed easily, and the positioning and reaming are prevented from being influenced; especially the diameter design of the ferrule 3 is limited. The drill at the front end of the middle shaft can be omitted.
The rotary drilling machine can also be arranged on a pneumatic drill rod, the middle shaft is of a pneumatic hammer structure, but a connecting rod drill is needed to be used for drilling a rotary drill during hole expansion, and the rotary drill is connected with the rotary drilling machine through a switching joint.
The upper end and the lower end of each steel pipe body are respectively provided with an internal thread and an external thread, and a plurality of (such as 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6) radial connecting rod drills are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the middle shaft or the middle shaft sleeve.
Claims (10)
1. A reamer is characterized by comprising a coaxial middle shaft and an outer casing drill, wherein the lower end of the middle shaft is a drill bit or a positioning end, the outer casing drill is formed by a plurality of groups of connecting rod type drills with the same size, which are uniformly distributed on the circumferential side of the middle shaft, two drilling arms connected by loose joints are formed by each connecting rod drill, the upper end of the upper drilling arm of the connecting rod drill is fixed at the upper end of the middle shaft and is movably fixed on a pin shaft, the upper end of the middle shaft is provided with a shaft seat of the pin shaft, the lower end of the lower drilling arm of the connecting rod drill is movably fixed at the lower end of the middle shaft by a second pin shaft, a ferrule above the drill bit is sleeved on the middle shaft, the ferrule is provided with a shaft seat of the second pin shaft; the outer side of the lower drill arm of the connecting rod drill is made of hard metal, especially a plurality of alloy blocks or an alloy steel bar are welded for cutting and drilling a rock layer, and common quenched steel can deal with common hard strata.
2. The reamer as claimed in claim 1, wherein a central shaft sleeve is provided, a central shaft of the central shaft is inserted into the sleeve and can slide in the sleeve, an upper end of the upper drill arm of the connecting rod drill is fixed to an upper end of the sleeve, and an upper end of the central shaft sleeve is provided with a shaft seat of the pin shaft.
3. The reamer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the connecting rod drills are evenly distributed with the shaft seats provided with the pin shafts at the upper ends of the side surfaces of the central shaft, and the top end of the central shaft is provided with the adapter joint combined with the drill rod.
4. The reamer of any one of claims 1-2, wherein the middle sleeve is provided with a multi-step sliding stop for limiting the position in which the middle shaft is slidably received in the sleeve.
5. The reamer of any one of claims 1-2, wherein each set of connecting rods is straight after converging.
6. The reamer of claim 1, wherein the ferrule has a diameter generally less than the length of the central shaft.
7. The reamer of any one of claims 1-2, wherein the bottom end of the central shaft is a tapered drill, a single-piece drill or a multi-piece drill, and the cross section of the drill is a cross wire, a Y-wire, or a positioning ring or a positioning rod.
8. The reamer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the cross-section of the lower arm of the connecting rod drill is rectangular, an alloy block or an alloy strip is welded to the lower surface of the lower arm, and the upper and lower ends of each steel pipe body are respectively provided with internal and external threads.
9. The reamer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein a pull rod or cord is provided, one end of the pull rod or cord being fixed to the upper end of the central shaft, the other end of the pull rod or cord being led upwardly from the central shaft sleeve and the hollow of the drill stem.
10. The reamer of any of claims 1-2, wherein none of the central shaft, the central shaft sleeve, the pull rod, or the pull cord is provided, resulting in a simple reamer linkage.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010218802.5A CN111236847A (en) | 2020-03-25 | 2020-03-25 | Expanding drill |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010218802.5A CN111236847A (en) | 2020-03-25 | 2020-03-25 | Expanding drill |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111236847A true CN111236847A (en) | 2020-06-05 |
Family
ID=70870199
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010218802.5A Pending CN111236847A (en) | 2020-03-25 | 2020-03-25 | Expanding drill |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN111236847A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113073933A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-07-06 | 徐州中矿地下工程科技有限公司 | Intelligent rock drilling device suitable for narrow space in tunnel |
| CN114198025A (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2022-03-18 | 上海长凯岩土工程有限公司 | Basement drainage pressure relief hole bottom expanding device and construction method |
-
2020
- 2020-03-25 CN CN202010218802.5A patent/CN111236847A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113073933A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-07-06 | 徐州中矿地下工程科技有限公司 | Intelligent rock drilling device suitable for narrow space in tunnel |
| CN114198025A (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2022-03-18 | 上海长凯岩土工程有限公司 | Basement drainage pressure relief hole bottom expanding device and construction method |
| CN114198025B (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2024-03-26 | 上海长凯岩土工程有限公司 | Basement drainage pressure-reducing hole bottom expanding device and construction method |
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