CN111235600B - Preparation method of iron ion doped tungsten oxide hydrate covered foam nickel catalytic electrode - Google Patents
Preparation method of iron ion doped tungsten oxide hydrate covered foam nickel catalytic electrode Download PDFInfo
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- CN111235600B CN111235600B CN202010030332.XA CN202010030332A CN111235600B CN 111235600 B CN111235600 B CN 111235600B CN 202010030332 A CN202010030332 A CN 202010030332A CN 111235600 B CN111235600 B CN 111235600B
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- foamed nickel
- iron ion
- tungsten oxide
- oxide hydrate
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- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 118
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- CXKGGJDGRUUNKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxotungsten;hydrate Chemical compound O.[W]=O CXKGGJDGRUUNKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 title abstract description 8
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylenetetramine Chemical compound C1N(C2)CN3CN1CN2C3 VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910021642 ultra pure water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012498 ultrapure water Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940044631 ferric chloride hexahydrate Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- NQXWGWZJXJUMQB-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Cl-].Cl[Fe+]Cl NQXWGWZJXJUMQB-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010299 hexamethylene tetramine Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004312 hexamethylene tetramine Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960004011 methenamine Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 23
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 abstract description 23
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 21
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- NWZSZGALRFJKBT-KNIFDHDWSA-N (2s)-2,6-diaminohexanoic acid;(2s)-2-hydroxybutanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O.NCCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O NWZSZGALRFJKBT-KNIFDHDWSA-N 0.000 description 9
- IKDUDTNKRLTJSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrazine monohydrate Substances O.NN IKDUDTNKRLTJSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 3
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001237 Raman spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004502 linear sweep voltammetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
- C25B11/02—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form
- C25B11/03—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form perforated or foraminous
- C25B11/031—Porous electrodes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/84—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/85—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
- B01J23/888—Tungsten
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/30—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
- B01J35/33—Electric or magnetic properties
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/08—Heat treatment
- B01J37/10—Heat treatment in the presence of water, e.g. steam
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
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- C25B11/051—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier
- C25B11/073—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material
- C25B11/091—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material consisting of at least one catalytic element and at least one catalytic compound; consisting of two or more catalytic elements or catalytic compounds
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a foam nickel catalytic electrode covered by iron ion doped tungsten oxide hydrate, which specifically comprises the following steps: s1 pretreatment of foamed nickel: removing dirt on the surface of the foamed nickel and drying for later use; s2, preparing a mixed liquid of an iron ion source and a tungsten source: s3, pouring the mixed liquid obtained in the step S2 into a polytetrafluoroethylene lining, putting the foamed nickel obtained in the step S1 into the polytetrafluoroethylene lining, and promoting the growth of the iron ion-doped tungsten oxide hydrate through high-pressure hydrothermal; s4, taking out the foamed nickel in the step S3, fully cleaning and drying the foamed nickel, and obtaining the foamed nickel catalytic electrode covered by the iron ion doped tungsten oxide hydrate. The electrode surface forms a point discharge effect, is expected to replace a noble metal electrode, and greatly reduces the cost of electrocatalytic hydrogen production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of inorganic electrode materials, and particularly relates to a foam nickel catalytic electrode covered by iron ion doped tungsten oxide hydrate and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Hydrogen energy is an ideal, clean and efficient secondary energy source, and the hydrogen energy becomes an optimal carrier of renewable energy sources and is expected to replace fossil energy sources. Among the preparation methods of hydrogen, the hydrogen production by alkaline electrolysis of water is the most common hydrogen production method at present, and the theoretical working voltage of the hydrogen production method is 1.23 volts; however, the cell voltage during electrolysis is increased due to the hydrogen evolution overpotential, the working voltage is usually between 1.8 volts and 2.0 volts, and the energy consumption is increased.
In order to greatly reduce the working voltage, reduce the energy loss caused by overpotential, effectively reduce the energy consumption and improve the hydrogen production efficiency, other schemes which can replace water electrolysis for hydrogen production are imperative, for example, methanol, ethanol, glycerol, urea, hydrazine hydrate and the like which are easier to electrolyze are used for replacing water electrolysis for hydrogen production.
In addition, in the conventional electrolysis process for producing hydrogen, noble metals (such as platinum, palladium and the like) are often used as hydrogen evolution electrode materials, and although the noble metals have good catalytic effect in the hydrogen evolution reaction, the materials are high in cost, so that the hydrogen production cost is high, and the industrial popularization is not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a foam nickel catalytic electrode covered by iron ion doped tungsten oxide hydrate and a preparation method thereof, which can solve one or more of the technical problems.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a foam nickel catalytic electrode covered by iron ion doped tungsten oxide hydrate comprises ferric chloride hexahydrate powder as an iron ion doping source and ammonium tungstate pentahydrate as a tungsten oxide hydrate source; and forming an iron ion doped quadrangular pyramid tungsten oxide hydrate covering layer on the surface of the foamed nickel through a high-pressure hydrothermal kettle.
A preparation method of a foam nickel catalytic electrode covered by iron ion doped tungsten oxide hydrate specifically comprises the following steps:
s1 pretreatment of foamed nickel: ultrasonically oscillating the foamed nickel in 1mol/L hydrochloric acid solution for at least 20 minutes to remove surface dirt, fully cleaning the foamed nickel by using ultrapure water to remove the residual hydrochloric acid solution, and taking out the foamed nickel and drying the foamed nickel in a vacuum drying oven at the temperature of not lower than 80 ℃ for later use;
s2 mixed liquid of iron ion source and tungsten source: hexamethylene tetramine, ammonium tungstate pentahydrate and ferric chloride hexahydrate powder are mixed according to the weight ratio of 10: fully mixing the components in a molar mass ratio of 9:1, adding 830 parts of ultrapure water in the molar mass ratio, and fully stirring to obtain a mixed solution for later use;
s3, pouring the mixed liquid in the step S2 into a polytetrafluoroethylene lining, putting the foamed nickel obtained in the step S1 into the polytetrafluoroethylene lining, sealing the polytetrafluoroethylene lining, putting the polytetrafluoroethylene lining into a high-pressure hydrothermal kettle, and heating and reacting at least 105 ℃ for at least 12 hours;
s4, taking out the foamed nickel in the step S3, fully cleaning the foamed nickel by using absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water, and drying the cleaned foamed nickel in a vacuum drying oven at the temperature of not lower than 50 ℃ to obtain the foamed nickel catalytic electrode covered by the iron ion doped tungsten oxide hydrate.
The invention has the technical effects that:
according to the invention, a large amount of iron ion-doped quadrangular pyramid tungsten oxide hydrate grows on the surface of the foamed nickel, and the electrolytic hydrazine hydrate hydrogen production performance is excellent; the base of the tungsten oxide hydrate is tightly attached to the foamed nickel, and the tip of the tungsten oxide hydrate faces outwards to form a tip discharge effect; the electrode has low manufacturing cost, is expected to replace a noble metal electrode, and greatly reduces the hydrogen production cost.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
In the drawings:
FIG. 1: scanning electron microscope images before and after growing the iron ion doped tungsten oxide hydrate on the foamed nickel;
FIG. 2: x-ray diffraction spectra of iron ion doped tungsten oxide hydrate;
FIG. 3: raman spectrum of iron ion doped tungsten oxide hydrate;
FIG. 4: the platinum sheet electrode, the foamed nickel electrode and the iron ion doped tungsten oxide hydrate cover the linear sweep voltammetry curve of the foamed nickel electrode.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments, wherein the exemplary embodiments and descriptions are provided only for the purpose of illustrating the present invention and are not to be construed as unduly limiting the invention.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
A preparation method of an iron ion doped tungsten oxide hydrate electrode for hydrogen production by electrocatalytic decomposition of hydrazine hydrate mainly comprises the steps of growing tungsten oxide hydrate on the surface of foamed nickel, wherein the tungsten oxide hydrate forms a quadrangular pyramid shape after iron ion doping, and the iron ion doped tungsten oxide hydrate electrode has excellent hydrogen production performance by electrolyzing hydrazine hydrate in alkaline electrolyte.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
s1 pretreatment of foamed nickel: ultrasonically oscillating the foamed nickel in 1mol/L hydrochloric acid solution for 20 minutes to remove surface dirt, fully cleaning the foamed nickel by using ultrapure water to remove the residual hydrochloric acid solution, and taking out the foamed nickel and drying the foamed nickel in a vacuum drying oven at 80 ℃ for later use; the dimensions of the nickel foam are defined here as: 0.5cm by 2cm by 4cm rectangular blocks.
S2 iron ion (Fe)3+) Source and tungsten source mixed liquid: hexamethylene tetramine, ammonium tungstate pentahydrate and ferric chloride hexahydrate powder are mixed according to the weight ratio of 10: fully mixing the materials in the ratio of 9:1 in parts by weight, adding 830 parts by weight of ultrapure water, and fully stirring to obtain a mixed solution for later use;
specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
2mmol of hexamethylenetetramine powder, 1.8mmol of ammonium tungstate pentahydrate powder, 0.2mmol of ferric chloride hexahydrate powder and 30ml of ultrapure water; fully stirring to disperse the powder as much as possible to obtain a mixed solution;
s3, pouring the mixed liquid in the step S2 into a polytetrafluoroethylene lining (lining with the volume of 50 ml), putting the foamed nickel obtained in the step S1 into the polytetrafluoroethylene lining, sealing the polytetrafluoroethylene lining, putting the polytetrafluoroethylene lining into a high-pressure hydrothermal kettle, and heating and reacting at 105 ℃ for 12 hours;
s4, taking out the foamed nickel in the step S3, fully cleaning the foamed nickel by using absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water, and drying the cleaned foamed nickel in a vacuum drying oven at 50 ℃ to obtain the foamed nickel catalytic electrode covered by the iron ion doped tungsten oxide hydrate.
As shown in the scanning electron microscope observation and analysis of figures 1a-1d, the iron ion doped tungsten oxide hydrate prepared by the method has the advantages that the silvery white foamed nickel has a smooth surface, the color of the iron ion doped tungsten oxide hydrate grown on the surface is changed into yellow green, the surface roughness is obviously improved, the base of the tungsten oxide hydrate is tightly attached to the foamed nickel, the tip of the tungsten oxide hydrate faces outwards, and a large amount of iron ion doped quadrangular pyramid-shaped tungsten oxide hydrate grows on the surface of the foamed nickel. The tungsten oxide hydrate forms a point discharge effect on the surface of the foamed nickel, and the electrode can replace a noble metal electrode to be used for preparing hydrogen by electrolyzing hydrazine hydrate.
The X-ray diffraction spectrum of FIG. 2 shows that the iron-doped tungsten oxide hydrate corresponds to the standard card JCPDS48-719, and the molecular formula is H2W1.5O5.5H2O。
FIG. 3 shows the Raman spectrum of iron ion-doped tungsten oxide hydrate, 79.0cm-1、105.7cm-1And 198.7cm-1Belong to (W)2O2) Vibration mode of n chain, 241.7cm-1、364.5cm-1And 487.3cm-1Is a W-O-W bending vibration mode, 716.6cm-1Is in a W-O-W telescopic vibration mode, 872.7cm-1、892.4cm-1And 955.5cm-1Is a vibration mode of W ═ O, (W)2O2) The highest intensity of n chain vibration and W ═ O vibration modes indicates that a large amount of pentavalent tungsten ions exist in the iron ion doped tungsten oxide hydrate.
The electrode is used in the hydrogen production by hydrazine hydrate electrolysis; the following is a specific example of the use of the electrode for the electrolysis of hydrazine hydrate in alkaline electrolyte:
1mol/L potassium hydroxide is taken as electrolyte, 0.5mol/L hydrazine hydrate is added, when the voltage is 0 to-0.26V (relative to a standard hydrogen electrode), the current density of a platinum sheet electrode is greater than that of a foamed nickel electrode covered by iron ion-doped tungsten oxide hydrate, and after the voltage is lower than-0.26V, the current density of the foamed nickel electrode covered by the iron ion-doped tungsten oxide hydrate is greater than that of the platinum sheet electrode. Under the voltage of-0.3V, the current densities of the foamed nickel electrode covered by the foamed nickel, the platinum sheet and the iron ion doped tungsten oxide hydrate are respectively 50mA/cm2、280mA/cm2And 400mA/cm2. Therefore, the foamed nickel electrode covered by the iron ion doped tungsten oxide hydrate has excellent electrolytic waterThe hydrazine hydrate has hydrogen production performance.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. The preparation method of the foamed nickel catalytic electrode covered by the iron ion doped tungsten oxide hydrate is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1 pretreatment of foamed nickel: ultrasonically oscillating the foamed nickel by using 1mol/L hydrochloric acid solution for at least 20 minutes to remove surface dirt, fully cleaning by using ultrapure water to remove the residual hydrochloric acid solution, and taking out the foamed nickel and drying in a vacuum drying oven at the temperature of not lower than 80 ℃ for later use;
s2, preparing a mixed liquid of an iron ion source and a tungsten source: hexamethylene tetramine, ammonium tungstate pentahydrate and ferric chloride hexahydrate powder are mixed according to the weight ratio of 10: fully mixing the materials in the ratio of 9:1 in parts by weight, adding 830 parts by weight of ultrapure water, and fully stirring to obtain a mixed solution for later use;
s3, pouring the mixed liquid in the step S2 into a polytetrafluoroethylene lining, putting the foamed nickel obtained in the step S1 into the polytetrafluoroethylene lining, sealing the polytetrafluoroethylene lining, putting the polytetrafluoroethylene lining into a high-pressure hydrothermal kettle, and heating and reacting at least 105 ℃ for at least 12 hours;
s4, taking out the foamed nickel in the step S3, fully cleaning the foamed nickel by using absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water, and drying the cleaned foamed nickel in a vacuum drying oven at the temperature of not lower than 50 ℃ to obtain the foamed nickel catalytic electrode covered by the iron ion doped tungsten oxide hydrate.
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| CN112593248B (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-09-03 | 苏州大学张家港工业技术研究院 | Ruthenium and iron co-doped tungsten oxide and preparation method and application thereof |
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