CN111233415A - Anti-cracking gypsum-based plastering mortar and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Anti-cracking gypsum-based plastering mortar and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111233415A CN111233415A CN202010043206.8A CN202010043206A CN111233415A CN 111233415 A CN111233415 A CN 111233415A CN 202010043206 A CN202010043206 A CN 202010043206A CN 111233415 A CN111233415 A CN 111233415A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/14—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
- C04B28/142—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements containing synthetic or waste calcium sulfate cements
- C04B28/144—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements containing synthetic or waste calcium sulfate cements the synthetic calcium sulfate being a flue gas desulfurization product
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00482—Coating or impregnation materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/34—Non-shrinking or non-cracking materials
- C04B2111/343—Crack resistant materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an anti-cracking gypsum-based plastering mortar which comprises, by mass, 100 parts of building gypsum, 35-45 parts of water, 0.1-0.3 part of polypropylene fiber, 0.1-0.3 part of glass fiber, 0.2-0.6 part of silane coupling agent, 0.2-0.6 part of adhesive, 0.2-0.6 part of water-retaining agent, 0.2-0.6 part of water-reducing agent and 0.2-0.6 part of retarder. The gypsum-based rendering coat mortar disclosed by the invention fully exerts complementary advantages between the polypropylene fibers and the glass fibers and excellent synergistic effects between fibers with different elastic moduli, and the auxiliary agent is added to improve the dispersibility of the fibers, so that the fiber bridging effect in a stress state is enhanced, the toughening and crack resistance effects of the matrix are further improved, the fracture deformation of the matrix is improved, and the relative cracking index is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of building gypsum-based heat-insulating materials, and relates to anti-cracking gypsum-based plastering mortar and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of Chinese economy in recent years, the urbanization process is accelerated, more and more cities are constructed in a large scale, and a large number of buildings appear in various cities as spring shoots after rain. On one hand, the buildings bring prosperity of urban building industry, land and house industry and the whole social economy, on the other hand, the buildings bring serious environmental problems of overlarge urban energy consumption, environmental pollution, excessive greenhouse gas emission and the like, and threaten the sustainable development of human beings. And the building energy in China accounts for more than 30% of the terminal energy consumption of the whole society, and the proportion is increased gradually along with the improvement of the living standard of people.
In the face of the severe situation of energy shortage in China, a series of building energy consumption standards are successively produced by the government, and the requirement of saving 75% of building energy in China is realized by the end of 2020 according to the national planning target requirement. With the deepening of the popularization and application work of the energy-saving building, the basic requirements of building energy conservation can be met only by adopting heat insulation measures on the outer wall of the building. The building external wall heat preservation is divided into external heat preservation, internal heat preservation and self heat preservation, and the external heat preservation is more suitable for areas mainly taking heat preservation, such as the north of China; the internal heat preservation is suitable for areas mainly with heat insulation, such as the south of China.
The gypsum has the advantages of light weight, heat preservation and insulation, low production energy consumption, small carbon emission, affinity to human bodies and the like, and is a green building material which is worried internationally. China is a large gypsum resource country, the application scale and quality of gypsum in the field of building engineering are unprecedentedly developed in recent years, and particularly, high-energy-consumption and high-pollution cement-based materials are gradually replaced in the aspect of indoor cementing materials. The indoor plastering material prepared by utilizing the gypsum base has the characteristics of light weight, quick setting and hardening, good caking property and the like, is favored by the market and is increased year by year. However, in the service process of the matrix, the matrix is influenced by external environmental factors such as cold and hot alternation, dry and wet cycles and the like, and large stress is inevitably generated inside the matrix. The gypsum is a brittle material, the deformation resistance is poor, and when the stress is greater than the strength limit, the matrix can be damaged, and finally a large crack is formed, so that the plastering engineering quality is influenced. Especially, the cracking of the plastering mortar of the heat-insulating layer is serious in the common quality problems of heat-insulating buildings, and once the protective layer cracks, the heat-insulating property, the water resistance, the frost resistance and the like of the heat-insulating system are obviously reduced. Therefore, the method for enhancing the crack resistance of the indoor heat-insulating surface layer mortar has great significance for promoting high-quality application of the gypsum-based building material.
The research at the present stage shows that the fiber is an effective measure for improving the crack resistance of the gypsum-based cementing material and has better effects of strengthening, toughening and crack resistance. The action mechanism of the fiber is mainly that good cohesive force can be generated between the fiber and the gypsum matrix, so that the fiber can play a role of bridging the fiber under the action of stress, the load is transmitted in time, the stress concentration is effectively avoided, and the deformation resistance of the matrix is improved. However, the fibers used in gypsum-based cementitious materials are singly doped, and a few fibers are mixed, but the advantages of different types of fibers are difficult to complement and the interaction between different types of fibers is difficult to exert, so that the toughening and crack-resistant effects are in a bottleneck period.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention is directed to provide an anti-cracking gypsum-based rendering coat mortar having high breaking strength, maximum fracture deformation amount, and relatively high fracture energy, and a method for preparing the gypsum-based rendering coat mortar.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
1. the anti-cracking gypsum-based plastering mortar comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of building gypsum, 35-45 parts of water, 0.1-0.3 part of polypropylene fiber, 0.1-0.3 part of glass fiber, 0.2-0.6 part of silane coupling agent, 0.2-0.6 part of adhesive, 0.2-0.6 part of water-retaining agent, 0.2-0.6 part of water-reducing agent and 0.2-0.6 part of retarder.
Further, the composite material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of building gypsum, 40 parts of water, 0.1 part of polypropylene fiber, 0.2 part of glass fiber, 0.5 part of silane coupling agent, 0.2 part of adhesive, 0.3 part of water-retaining agent, 0.5 part of water reducing agent and 0.3 part of retarder.
Further, the silane coupling agent is methacryloxy functional silane.
Further, the adhesive is PVA latex powder.
Further, the water retaining agent is hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether.
Further, the water reducing agent is a sulfonated melamine water reducing agent.
Further, the retarder is formed by mixing citric acid and bone glue protein according to the mass ratio of 1: 1.
2. A preparation method of anti-cracking gypsum-based plastering mortar comprises the following specific steps:
a. adding a water reducing agent, a retarder, a water-retaining agent and an adhesive into one third to one half of water, and rapidly stirring and dissolving to obtain a mixed solution A;
b. soaking polypropylene fiber and glass fiber in 3% oxalic acid solution for 20-40 min;
c. and then dry-mixing the two types of treated fibers, the building gypsum and the silane coupling agent, uniformly mixing, adding the mixed solution A and the residual water while stirring, and uniformly stirring.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention is mainly characterized in that on the basis of adopting two polymer fibers in a mixing mode, the two fibers are soaked in 3 percent oxalic acid solution for 20 to 40 minutes for pretreatment, and the fibers are not damaged after soaking, so that the unevenness of the fiber surface is increased, and the binding power is increased. Four measures are further integrated to achieve the aim of crack resistance: firstly, the synergistic effect of two fibers and the synergism of pretreatment, secondly, the softening effect of the polyvinyl alcohol latex powder is improved, thirdly, the dispersing and bridging effects of the silane coupling agent are improved, fourthly, the water retention effect of the hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether is reduced, and fourthly, the single deformation resistance effect of the fibers is enhanced by the synergistic effect of the four measures. Complementary advantages between polypropylene fibers and glass fibers, excellent synergistic effect between fibers with different elastic moduli and the like are fully exerted, good inhibition effect on early microcracks and later crack propagation of the gypsum-based rendering coat mortar can be achieved, the reinforcing, toughening and crack-resistant effects of the gypsum-based rendering coat mortar are obviously superior to those of single fibers, and the technical effect that 1 plus 1 is greater than 2 is achieved; meanwhile, in a proper proportion, the silane coupling agent can improve the interface bonding force between the fiber and the gypsum matrix and improve the dispersibility of the fiber by introducing active groups, so that the fiber bridging effect under a stress state is enhanced, and the toughening and crack resistance effects of the matrix are further improved; in addition, the bonding strength of the mortar can be obviously improved by the aid of the redispersible latex powder, the bonding force between fibers and a matrix can also be increased, and the flexibility of the rendering mortar is improved by the aid of the PVA latex powder, so that the deformation resistance is improved; the hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether effectively improves the water retention of the mucilage, reduces the drying shrinkage stress and reduces the cracking risk; the sulfonated melamine water reducing agent ensures that the mucilage with lower water-paste ratio still has good workability, and the formation of a compact hardened body in the later period is very beneficial to the increase of the strength; the citric acid in the compounded retarder can ensure the operable time of construction, and meanwhile, the bone glue protein can effectively avoid great loss of strength. The invention discloses a gypsum-based material, which is prepared by mixing citric acid and bone glue protein in a ratio of 1:1, and can meet the requirement of construction operation time and meet the corresponding qualified strength requirement.
Drawings
In order to make the object, technical scheme and beneficial effect of the invention more clear, the invention provides the following drawings for explanation:
fig. 1 shows the basic structure of the building external wall internal thermal insulation system of gypsum-based thermal insulation material.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The experimental procedures, in which specific conditions are not specified in the examples, are generally carried out under conventional conditions or under conditions recommended by the manufacturers.
Example 1
Fig. 1 shows the basic structure of the building external wall internal thermal insulation system of gypsum-based thermal insulation material. The invention discloses a novel building heat-insulating system established on the basis of replacing a cement base with a gypsum base, and aims to ensure the uniformity and the compatibility of the material of the whole system.
Taking 100kg of building gypsum for preparing the anti-cracking gypsum-based plastering mortar of the invention as an example, the raw materials and the mass thereof are as follows:
100kg of building gypsum
41kg of water
0.1kg of polypropylene fibers
Glass fiber 0.2kg
Silane coupling agent 0.3kg
0.2kg of adhesive
0.3kg of water-retaining agent
0.4kg of water reducing agent
0.2kg of retarder;
the cementing material used in the invention is desulfurized building gypsum powder, the fineness is 200 mu m, and the screen residue is less than or equal to 10 percent; the water is common tap water; the polypropylene fiber has a length of 3mm, a diameter of 20 μm, and a density of 0.91 g/cm-3The tensile strength is 486MPa, the elastic modulus is 4.8GPa, and the elongation at break is 15 percent; the glass fiber had a length of 3mm, a diameter of 15 μm and a density of 2.54 g/cm-3The tensile strength is 1400MPa, the elastic modulus is 75GPa, the elongation at break is 3%, the two fibers are soaked in 3% oxalic acid solution for 30 minutes for pretreatment, compared with various treatment methods, the oxalic acid soaking treatment of the fibers has less fiber loss, but increases the unevenness and increases the bonding force, the oxalic acid is non-toxic and harmless, and the effect is controllable; after being treated by other acids such as sulfuric acid, the fiber is greatly lost or even destructive, and the fiber is easy to break, so that the anti-cracking effect is not increased, and the brittleness of the finishing layer is increased. The silane coupling agent is colorless or yellowish transparent liquid in appearance, the main component is methacryloxy functional group silane, and the purity is more than or equal to 98.5 percent; the adhesive is powdered polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) latex powder, the content of non-volatile matters is more than or equal to 98 percent, and the tensile strength is 5.2 MPa; the water-retaining agent is white powdery hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether (HPMC) with particle size<180 μm, 10 ten thousand viscosity; the water reducing agent is a sulfonated melamine water reducing agent, is white powder, has a water reducing rate of 25 percent and has a pH value: 9-11.4; the retarder is formed by mixing citric acid and bone glue protein according to the mass ratio of 1: 1.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
a. adding a water reducing agent, a retarder, a water-retaining agent and an adhesive into one third to one half of water, and rapidly stirring and dissolving to obtain a mixed solution A;
b. soaking polypropylene fiber and glass fiber in 3% oxalic acid solution for 20-40 min to soak the fiber in the oxalic acid solution completely;
c. dry mixing the two treated fibers, the building gypsum and the silane coupling agent for 2 to 10 minutes; and (4) after uniformly mixing, adding the mixed solution A and the residual amount of water while stirring, and uniformly stirring.
A forced mortar mixer may be used.
Example 2
Taking 100kg of building gypsum for preparing the anti-cracking gypsum-based plastering mortar of the invention as an example, the raw materials and the mass thereof are as follows:
100kg of building gypsum
40kg of water
0.1kg of polypropylene fibers
Glass fiber 0.2kg
Silane coupling agent 0.5kg
0.2kg of adhesive
0.3kg of water-retaining agent
0.5kg of water reducing agent
0.3kg of retarder;
the specifications and preparation method of the raw materials are the same as those of example 1.
Example 3
Taking 100kg of building gypsum for preparing the anti-cracking gypsum-based plastering mortar of the invention as an example, the raw materials and the mass thereof are as follows:
100kg of building gypsum
41kg of water
0.2kg of polypropylene fibers
Glass fiber 0.1kg
Silane coupling agent 0.4kg
0.3kg of adhesive
0.4kg of water-retaining agent
0.3kg of water reducing agent
0.3kg of retarder;
the specifications and preparation method of the raw materials are the same as those of example 1.
Example 4
Taking 100kg of building gypsum for preparing the anti-cracking gypsum-based plastering mortar of the invention as an example, the raw materials and the mass thereof are as follows:
100kg of building gypsum
40kg of water
0.2kg of polypropylene fibers
Glass fiber 0.1kg
Silane coupling agent 0.3kg
0.3kg of adhesive
0.3kg of water-retaining agent
0.5kg of water reducing agent
0.3kg of retarder;
the specifications and preparation method of the raw materials are the same as those of example 1.
Comparative example 1
Taking 100kg of building gypsum for preparing the anti-cracking gypsum-based plastering mortar by singly doping the polypropylene fiber as an example, the used raw materials and the mass thereof are as follows:
100kg of building gypsum
39kg of water
0.3kg of polypropylene fibers
Silane coupling agent 0.5kg
0.3kg of adhesive
0.3kg of water-retaining agent
0.5kg of water reducing agent
0.2kg of retarder;
the specifications and preparation method of the raw materials are the same as those of example 1.
Comparative example 2
Taking 100kg of building gypsum for preparing the anti-cracking gypsum-based plastering mortar by singly doping the glass fiber as an example, the used raw materials and the mass thereof are as follows:
100kg of building gypsum
40kg of water
Glass fiber 0.3kg
Silane coupling agent 0.5kg
0.2kg of adhesive
0.3kg of water-retaining agent
0.5kg of water reducing agent
0.2kg of retarder;
the specifications and preparation method of the raw materials are the same as those of example 1.
To determine the performance of the crack resistant gypsum-based rendering coat mortar of the present invention, the inventors conducted a number of experimental tests, the results of which are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 physical and mechanical properties of crack-resistant gypsum-based rendering coat mortar
As can be seen from Table 1, the breaking strength, maximum deformation at break and breaking energy of the crack-resistant gypsum-based rendering coat mortar prepared by the fiber blending method are far greater than those of the products prepared by the comparative examples, and the folding ratio, the relative cracking index and the like are far smaller than those of the products prepared by the comparative examples. The test result shows that: compared with a single-doping mode, the fiber mixing mode can obviously improve the physical and mechanical properties of the gypsum-based plastering mortar, such as strength, toughness, deformation resistance and the like. In addition, the prepared product has long operable time and good construction performance. Therefore, the anti-cracking gypsum-based rendering coat mortar has excellent deformation resistance, can effectively reduce the cracking risk of a product in the using process, prolongs the service life, and particularly has good protection effect on a heat-insulating layer.
Finally, it is noted that the above-mentioned preferred embodiments illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that, although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. The anti-cracking gypsum-based plastering mortar is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by mass: 100 parts of building gypsum, 35-45 parts of water, 0.1-0.3 part of polypropylene fiber, 0.1-0.3 part of glass fiber, 0.2-0.6 part of silane coupling agent, 0.2-0.6 part of adhesive, 0.2-0.6 part of water-retaining agent, 0.2-0.6 part of water-reducing agent and 0.2-0.6 part of retarder.
2. The anti-cracking gypsum-based rendering coat mortar according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of building gypsum, 40 parts of water, 0.1 part of polypropylene fiber, 0.2 part of glass fiber, 0.5 part of silane coupling agent, 0.2 part of adhesive, 0.3 part of water-retaining agent, 0.5 part of water reducing agent and 0.3 part of retarder.
3. The crack-resistant gypsum-based render mortar according to claim 1, wherein said silane coupling agent is a methacryloxy functional silane.
4. The crack-resistant gypsum-based rendering coat mortar of claim 1, wherein the adhesive is PVA latex powder.
5. The crack-resistant gypsum-based rendering coat mortar of claim 1, wherein the water retaining agent is hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether.
6. The anti-cracking gypsum-based rendering coat mortar of claim 1, wherein the water reducing agent is a sulfonated melamine-based water reducing agent.
7. The anti-cracking gypsum-based rendering coat mortar of claim 1, wherein the retarder is formed by mixing citric acid and bone glue protein according to a mass ratio of 1: 1.
8. The preparation method of the crack-resistant gypsum-based rendering coat mortar according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the preparation method comprises the following specific steps:
a. adding a water reducing agent, a retarder, a water-retaining agent and an adhesive into one third to one half of water, and rapidly stirring and dissolving to obtain a mixed solution A;
b. soaking polypropylene fiber and glass fiber in 3% oxalic acid solution for 20-40 min;
c. and then dry-mixing the two types of treated fibers, the building gypsum and the silane coupling agent, uniformly mixing, adding the mixed solution A and the residual water while stirring, and uniformly stirring.
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| CN112250409A (en) * | 2020-10-22 | 2021-01-22 | 重庆市建筑科学研究院有限公司 | Gypsum-based gel material reinforced by waste rock wool fibers and preparation method thereof |
| CN114195425A (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2022-03-18 | 浙江农林大学 | Efficient multipurpose gypsum-based material additive |
| CN114890739A (en) * | 2022-05-10 | 2022-08-12 | 南通职业大学 | Filling body and mechanical property prediction method thereof |
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| CN114890739A (en) * | 2022-05-10 | 2022-08-12 | 南通职业大学 | Filling body and mechanical property prediction method thereof |
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