CN111233396A - A-level composite fireproof insulation board and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A-level composite fireproof insulation board and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111233396A CN111233396A CN202010060780.4A CN202010060780A CN111233396A CN 111233396 A CN111233396 A CN 111233396A CN 202010060780 A CN202010060780 A CN 202010060780A CN 111233396 A CN111233396 A CN 111233396A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- parts
- heat
- insulation board
- weight
- composite fireproof
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound 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[C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00008—Obtaining or using nanotechnology related materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/28—Fire resistance, i.e. materials resistant to accidental fires or high temperatures
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/20—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the density
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/30—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values
- C04B2201/32—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values for the thermal conductivity, e.g. K-factors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
Abstract
The invention discloses an A-level composite fireproof insulation board and a preparation method thereof, wherein the A-level composite fireproof insulation board is prepared from 8-15 parts of graphite polystyrene particles with two particle sizes, 100-120 parts of portland cement, 3-5 parts of a waterproof agent, 2-4 parts of a binder, 10-15 parts of micro silicon powder, 3-5 parts of floating beads or glass beads, 2-3 parts of anti-crack fibers and 50-70 parts of neutral water. The flame retardant property of the composite fireproof insulation board can reach A level, and the composite fireproof insulation board has the advantages of low heat conductivity coefficient, high compressive strength, high impermeability, excellent weather resistance and excellent durability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building materials, in particular to an A-level composite fireproof insulation board and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The heat preservation and heat insulation performance of the wall body is an important way for realizing building energy conservation. At present, the heat preservation and heat insulation of the building outer wall by adopting the heat preservation plate is a main means for heat preservation and heat insulation of the wall. The existing insulation board is made of inorganic materials and organic materials, and the organic materials are small in specific gravity, low in heat conductivity coefficient, easy to machine and form and convenient to construct. However, organic materials have the defect of flammability, and in recent years, the heat-insulation fire accidents of buildings frequently occur, so that the thinking of various circles on heat insulation and fire prevention is triggered, and the fire-proof performance of heat-insulation materials unprecedentedly draws high attention of various circles in the industry. In order to improve the fire resistance of building insulation materials, inorganic insulation materials such as rock wool and foam glass plates are widely used. However, inorganic materials have high specific gravity, high brittleness, low tensile strength, high thermal conductivity, and rock wool products have high water absorption.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention aims to provide the A-level composite fireproof insulation board with low heat conductivity coefficient and high strength, and the A-level composite fireproof insulation board is used for solving the technical problems that an organic material insulation board is easy to burn, an inorganic material insulation board is low in heat conductivity coefficient and large in brittleness in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a class-A composite fireproof insulation board is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
the graphite polystyrene is prepared by foaming expandable graphite polystyrene particles through a pre-foaming machine, the foamed graphite polystyrene particles consist of a large particle size and a small particle size, and the ratio of the large particle size to the small particle size is (1.5-2): 1.
preferably, the particle size of the large particle size is 5 to 7mm, and the particle size of the small particle size is 2 to 4 mm. In production practice, the applicant finds that the fireproof plate prepared by the cooperation of the graphene particles with two particle sizes has higher strength.
Preferably, the expandable graphene particles are made by an extrusion process. The expandable graphene particles prepared by the extrusion method have irregular shape and size and higher bonding strength.
Preferably, the portland cement is ordinary portland cement. The production cost can be reduced by adopting the ordinary portland cement.
Preferably, the binder is a glue powder.
Preferably, the water repellent is a nano-silicon water repellent. The nano silicon waterproof agent has good durability, acid and alkali resistance and excellent weather resistance.
Preferably, the anti-crack fiber is a polyacrylonitrile short fiber, and the length of the anti-crack fiber is 5-6 mm. The fiber length is easy to agglomerate, the bonding strength is reduced, the too short fiber has low compressive strength, and the short fiber with the length of 5-6 mm has the best comprehensive performance.
A preparation method of an A-level composite fireproof insulation board comprises the following steps:
(1) placing expandable graphene particles in a pre-foaming machine, and foaming at the temperature of 80-100 ℃ and the pressure of 0.04-0.05 Mpa for 60-80 seconds to prepare small-particle-size graphene particles with the particle size of 2-4 mm;
(2) placing expandable graphene particles in a pre-foaming machine, and foaming at the temperature of 80-100 ℃ and the pressure of 0.04-0.05 Mpa for 80-100 seconds to prepare large-particle-size graphene particles with the particle size of 5-7 mm;
(3) stirring 3-5 parts by weight of small-particle-size graphene particles prepared in the step (1), 5-10 parts by weight of large-particle-size graphene particles prepared in the step (2), 100-120 parts by weight of Portland cement, 3-5 parts by weight of a waterproof agent, 2-4 parts by weight of a binder, 10-15 parts by weight of silica fume, 3-5 parts by weight of vitrified micro bubbles, 2-3 parts by weight of anti-crack fibers and 50-70 parts by weight of neutral water in a mixer with the stirring speed of 50-100 n/min for 3-5 minutes, and then putting into a mold box;
(4) prepressing the heat-insulating material in the mould box by using a prepress, compressing the heat-insulating material to 60-70% of the original volume, and demoulding after 20-30 hours to obtain a heat-insulating block;
(5) and (4) curing the demoulded heat-insulating block for 7-10 days at normal temperature, and cutting the heat-insulating block into heat-insulating plates with certain specifications by a cutting machine.
Further, after the foamed graphene particles are firstly put into a material bin to be cured for 180-200 minutes, the foamed graphene particles are put into a material mixer. The curing process is to stabilize the size of the expanded graphene particles and stabilize the size and performance of the insulation board.
Further, the prepressing is carried out in two steps, the first step is to compress the heat-insulating material in the mold box to 80-90% of the original volume, and the second step is to compress the heat-insulating material in place. By adopting two-step prepressing, the resilience can be reduced, and the prepared insulation board has high density and lower heat conductivity coefficient.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the heat insulation board is prepared by selecting expandable graphite polystyrene particles as organic raw materials, the surfaces of the polystyrene particles serving as the raw materials are wrapped by graphite, the polystyrene particles have the heat reflectivity, weather resistance, durability and non-combustibility of the graphite, and are combined with portland cement, a waterproof agent, a binder, micro silicon powder, floating beads or glass beads and organic short fibers after foaming, so that the prepared heat insulation board is good in durability, excellent in weather resistance, high in compressive strength, anti-seepage and fireproof grades can reach A grade, and the heat conductivity coefficient can reach not more than 0.050W/(m.K).
2. The invention adopts graphite polystyrene particles with two particle sizes to be mixed with cement to form a heat insulation board main body, silica fume, floating beads or glass beads with low heat conductivity and high fire resistance are filled in gaps of the heat insulation board main body, the average particle size of the silica fume is 0.1-0.3 mu m, the silica fume can fill the gaps among the particles, and simultaneously the silica fume and hydration products generate gel to obviously improve the compression resistance, permeability resistance and corrosion resistance, but the addition amount of the silica fume is too high to reduce the bonding strength, the particle sizes of the floating beads and the glass beads are 10-250 mu m, and the silica fume and a proper amount of silica fume are matched to be used as fillers, so that the high bonding strength can be ensured, and the compression resistance, the folding resistance, the tensile resistance, the permeability resistance.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the present invention, the following examples are further provided to illustrate the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example 1
A class-A composite fireproof insulation board is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
the preparation method of the A-level composite fireproof insulation board comprises the following steps:
(1) placing expandable graphene particles in a pre-foaming machine, and foaming at 85 ℃ and 0.045Mpa for 80 seconds to obtain small-particle-size graphene particles;
(2) placing expandable graphene particles in a pre-foaming machine, and foaming at the temperature of 85 ℃ and the pressure of 0.045Mpa for 100 seconds to prepare large-particle-size graphene particles;
(3) quantitatively putting the small-particle-size graphene particles prepared in the step (1) and the large-particle-size graphene particles prepared in the step (2) into a bin, curing for 180-200 minutes, and feeding into a mixer; meanwhile, quantitatively adding other components, and mixing and stirring for 3-5 minutes at a stirring speed of 60 n/min;
(4) putting the mixed and stirred heat-insulating material into a mold box, prepressing the heat-insulating material in the mold box by using a prepress after about 15 minutes, compressing the heat-insulating material to 70% of the original volume, and demolding after 24 hours to obtain a heat-insulating block;
(5) and (4) curing the demoulded heat-insulating block for 7 days at normal temperature, and cutting the heat-insulating block into heat-insulating plates with certain specifications by a cutting machine.
Example 2
A class-A composite fireproof insulation board is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
the preparation method of the A-level composite fireproof insulation board comprises the following steps:
(1) placing expandable graphene particles in a pre-foaming machine, and foaming at the temperature of 80 ℃ and the pressure of 0.05Mpa for 60 seconds to obtain small-particle-size graphene particles;
(2) placing expandable graphene particles in a pre-foaming machine, and foaming at the temperature of 80 ℃ and the pressure of 0.05Mpa for 80 seconds to prepare large-particle-size graphene particles;
(3) quantitatively putting the small-particle-size graphene particles prepared in the step (1) and the large-particle-size graphene particles prepared in the step (2) into a bin, curing for 180-200 minutes, and feeding into a mixer; meanwhile, quantitatively adding other components, and mixing and stirring for 3-5 minutes at a stirring speed of 60 n/min;
(4) putting the mixed and stirred heat-insulating material into a mold box, prepressing the heat-insulating material in the mold box by using a prepress after about 15 minutes, compressing the heat-insulating material to 70% of the original volume, and demolding after 20 hours to obtain a heat-insulating block;
(5) and (4) curing the demoulded heat-insulation block for 10 days at normal temperature, and cutting the heat-insulation block into heat-insulation plates with certain specifications by a cutting machine.
Example 3
A class-A composite fireproof insulation board is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
the preparation method of the A-level composite fireproof insulation board comprises the following steps:
(1) placing expandable graphene particles in a pre-foaming machine, and foaming at 90 ℃ and 0.045Mpa for 70 seconds to obtain small-particle-size graphene particles;
(2) placing expandable graphene particles in a pre-foaming machine, and foaming at the temperature of 90 ℃ and the pressure of 0.045Mpa for 90 seconds to prepare large-particle-size graphene particles;
(3) quantitatively putting the small-particle-size graphene particles prepared in the step (1) and the large-particle-size graphene particles prepared in the step (2) into a bin, curing for 180-200 minutes, and feeding into a mixer; meanwhile, quantitatively adding other components, and mixing and stirring for 3-5 minutes at a stirring speed of 80 n/min;
(4) the mixed and stirred heat insulation material is put into a mould box, after about 15 minutes, a prepressing machine is used for prepressing the heat insulation material in the mould box, and the first prepressing pressure is 4kgf/m2Compressing it to 90% of the original volume, the second pre-pressing pressure being 8kgf/m2Compressing the mixture to 70% of the original volume, and demoulding after 30 hours to obtain a heat-insulating block;
(5) and (4) curing the demoulded heat-insulation block for 12 days at normal temperature, and cutting the heat-insulation block into heat-insulation plates with certain specifications by a cutting machine.
Comparative example 1
The raw material components are as follows:
(1) placing expandable graphene particles in a pre-foaming machine, foaming for 82 seconds at the temperature of 80 ℃ and under the pressure of 0.005Mpa to prepare the graphene particles with the particle size of 4 mm;
(2) quantitatively putting the graphene particles prepared in the step (1) into a bin, curing for 190 minutes, and then feeding into a mixer; simultaneously quantitatively adding other components, and mixing and stirring for 5 minutes at a stirring speed of 60 n/min;
(4) putting the mixed and stirred heat-insulating material into a mold box, prepressing the heat-insulating material in the mold box by using a prepress after about 15 minutes, compressing the heat-insulating material to 70% of the original volume, and demolding after 24 hours to obtain a heat-insulating block;
(5) and (4) curing the demoulded heat-insulating block for 7 days at normal temperature, and cutting the heat-insulating block into heat-insulating plates with certain specifications by a cutting machine.
The performance of the insulation boards of the examples and the comparative examples is determined by a method specified in JG/T536-2017 thermosetting composite polystyrene foam insulation board, and the detection results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from the above table, the expandable graphene particles with a certain particle size and a filler are used to make the insulation board with reduced compression, bending and tensile properties.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A class-A composite fireproof insulation board is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
the graphite polystyrene is prepared by foaming expandable graphite polystyrene particles through a pre-foaming machine, the foamed graphite polystyrene particles consist of a large particle size and a small particle size, and the ratio of the large particle size to the small particle size is (1.5-2): 1.
2. the A-level composite fireproof heat-insulation board according to claim 1, wherein the particle size of large particle size is 5-7 mm, and the particle size of small particle size is 2-4 mm.
3. The class a composite fireproof insulation board according to claim 2, wherein the expandable graphene particles are prepared by an extrusion method.
4. The class-A composite fireproof insulation board according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the portland cement is ordinary portland cement.
5. The A-level composite fireproof insulation board according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the adhesive is rubber powder.
6. The class-A composite fireproof insulation board according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the waterproof agent is a nano-silicon waterproof agent.
7. The A-grade composite fireproof insulation board according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the anti-cracking fibers are polyacrylonitrile short fibers, and the length of the anti-cracking fibers is 5-6 mm.
8. A preparation method of an A-level composite fireproof insulation board is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) placing expandable graphene particles in a pre-foaming machine, and foaming at the temperature of 80-100 ℃ and the pressure of 0.04-0.05 Mpa for 60-80 seconds to prepare small-particle-size graphene particles with the particle size of 2-4 mm;
(2) placing expandable graphene particles in a pre-foaming machine, and foaming at the temperature of 80-100 ℃ and the pressure of 0.04-0.05 Mpa for 80-100 seconds to prepare large-particle-size graphene particles with the particle size of 5-7 mm;
(3) stirring 3-5 parts by weight of small-particle-size graphene particles prepared in the step (1), 5-10 parts by weight of large-particle-size graphene particles prepared in the step (2), 100-120 parts by weight of Portland cement, 3-5 parts by weight of a waterproof agent, 2-4 parts by weight of a binder, 10-15 parts by weight of silica fume, 3-5 parts by weight of vitrified micro bubbles, 2-3 parts by weight of anti-crack fibers and 50-70 parts by weight of neutral water in a mixer with the stirring speed of 50-100 n/min for 3-5 minutes, and then putting into a mold box;
(4) prepressing the heat-insulating material in the mould box by using a prepress, compressing the heat-insulating material to 60-70% of the original volume, and demoulding after 20-30 hours to obtain a heat-insulating block;
(5) and (4) curing the demoulded heat-insulating block for 7-10 days at normal temperature, and cutting the heat-insulating block into heat-insulating plates with certain specifications by a cutting machine.
9. The preparation method of claim 8, wherein the foamed graphene particles are put into a material bin, cured for 180-200 minutes, and then put into a material mixer.
10. The method according to claim 8, wherein the preliminary pressing is performed in two steps, the first step of compressing the heat insulating material in the mold box to 80 to 90% of the original volume, and the second step of compressing the heat insulating material in place.
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