CN111233060A - Evaporator, vacuum degree, liquid level of evaporation kettle and water level detection control method of water tank - Google Patents
Evaporator, vacuum degree, liquid level of evaporation kettle and water level detection control method of water tank Download PDFInfo
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- CN111233060A CN111233060A CN202010045507.4A CN202010045507A CN111233060A CN 111233060 A CN111233060 A CN 111233060A CN 202010045507 A CN202010045507 A CN 202010045507A CN 111233060 A CN111233060 A CN 111233060A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/008—Control or steering systems not provided for elsewhere in subclass C02F
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/005—Processes using a programmable logic controller [PLC]
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/03—Pressure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/42—Liquid level
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
- C02F2301/06—Pressure conditions
- C02F2301/063—Underpressure, vacuum
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Abstract
The invention relates to an evaporator, a control method for detecting vacuum degree, liquid level of an evaporation kettle and water level of a water tank. The method comprises the following steps: starting a system; detecting the liquid level of the waste liquid barrel; detecting whether the liquid level is low, if so, controlling to close the circulating water pump and open the emptying valve by the PLC; if not, the PLC controls to start the circulating water pump and open the liquid inlet valve, and the circulating water pump operates to change the inside of the evaporation kettle into negative pressure; judging whether the vacuum degree is greater than a set value, if so, starting the compressor, starting the circulation of the refrigerant, and if not, returning; sucking the stock solution into the evaporation kettle through a liquid inlet valve under negative pressure, and detecting the liquid level of the evaporation kettle by a sensor; if the liquid level is higher than the high liquid level, the PLC in the evaporation kettle controls the liquid inlet valve to be closed; if the liquid level is lower than the low liquid level, the PLC judges whether the liquid supplementing times is larger than a set value, if not, the PLC controls to open the liquid inlet valve to return, if so, the PLC controls to open the emptying valve and the liquid discharge valve, open the liquid discharge pump, close the compressor and the circulating water pump, wait for the set time, discharge the concentrated liquid, close the emptying valve, the liquid discharge valve and the liquid discharge pump, and return.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of waste liquid treatment, in particular to a control method for detecting the vacuum degree of an evaporator and a vacuum gauge, detecting the liquid level of an evaporation kettle and detecting the water level in a water tank.
Background
The industries such as PCB, electroplating and the like can generate waste liquid in the production process, the main pollution components mainly comprise COD, nitrogen, phosphorus and heavy metals, and if the waste liquid is directly discharged without treatment, the waste liquid can seriously pollute the environment and harm the human health. The waste liquid has the characteristics of multiple pollutant types, high concentration, small amount and dispersive distribution. Common treatment methods include chemical methods, membrane separation methods, evaporation methods, and the like. At present, most enterprises dispose waste liquid by outsourcing, and the problems of high disposal cost, untimely transfer, overstocked storage, influence on normal production of the enterprises and the like exist.
In the prior art, there are processes for treating such waste streams using evaporation techniques. After the waste liquid is evaporated and concentrated, the cost of external treatment is greatly reduced, and after the waste liquid is evaporated and concentrated, the water content is reduced, the heat value is high, and the subsequent further treatment of the waste liquid, such as drying, solidification, incineration and the like, is facilitated.
The evaporation method can be divided into high-temperature steam evaporation, electric heating evaporation, combined cold and heat supply heat pump evaporation and the like from a heat source.
The high-temperature steam evaporation has the phenomenon of high-temperature decomposition of waste liquid and produces waste gas, thereby having potential safety hazard. In addition, the method needs high-temperature steam, additional steam production equipment is needed if no steam exists on site, and the energy consumption is higher.
The electric heating evaporation is to heat the heat-conducting oil by electric energy, then the heat-conducting oil enters a jacket of the reaction kettle and is subjected to heat price exchange with the liquid in the reaction kettle, so that the liquid is heated and evaporated. However, the efficiency of converting electric energy into heat energy is low, the heat exchange efficiency between the heat-conducting oil and liquid in the reaction kettle is low, the energy consumption is high, and additional refrigeration equipment is needed for condensing steam.
CN201820892924.0 discloses a waste water evaporation concentration treatment system, which aims to provide a heavy metal-containing waste water evaporation concentration treatment system with low medicament consumption, low treatment cost, stable treatment effect and meeting the waste water discharge standard, and the technical scheme is that the waste water evaporation concentration treatment system comprises a high-temperature water source heat pump unit, a condenser, a vacuum pump and an evaporation concentration device, wherein the high-temperature water source heat pump unit is provided with a hot water output pipe, a hot water input pipe, a cold water output pipe and a cold water input pipe, the hot water output pipe is connected with a water inlet of the evaporation concentration device, the hot water input pipe is connected with a water outlet of the evaporation concentration device, the cold water output pipe is connected with a water inlet of the condenser, the cold water input pipe is connected with a water outlet of the condenser, and the vacuum pump is respectively communicated with the condenser and the evaporation concentration device.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a control method for automatically controlling an evaporator by a PLC (programmable logic controller), a control method for detecting vacuum degree and a control method for detecting liquid level of an evaporation kettle. The invention solves another technical problem by providing a control method for automatically controlling the detection of the water level in the circulating water tank by the PLC.
The technical scheme of the invention is the control method of the evaporator, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
⑴ system power-on start;
⑵ the first liquid level sensor detects the liquid level of the waste liquid barrel;
⑶, detecting whether the liquid level is low, if so, sending a signal to the PLC by the first liquid level sensor, controlling by the PLC to close the circulating water pump and open the emptying valve, and returning to step ⑵;
⑷ if not, the PLC controls to start the circulating water pump, and opens the liquid inlet valve, the circulating water pump operates to continuously pump out the air in the evaporation kettle, so that the evaporation kettle becomes negative pressure;
⑸ vacuum gauge detects vacuum degree;
⑹, judging whether the vacuum degree is larger than the set value, if yes, the vacuum gauge transmits a signal to the PLC, the PLC controls the start of the compressor, the refrigerant starts to circulate, if not, the step ⑸ is returned;
⑺, carrying out step ⑷, sucking the stock solution into the evaporation kettle through a liquid inlet valve by negative pressure, and detecting the liquid level of the evaporation kettle by a second liquid level sensor;
⑻, judging whether the liquid level in the evaporation kettle is higher than the high liquid level, if so, sending a signal to a PLC (programmable logic controller) by a second liquid level sensor in the evaporation kettle, closing a liquid inlet valve by the PLC, counting the liquid supplementing times and returning to the step ⑺;
⑼, judging whether the liquid level in the evaporation kettle is lower than the low liquid level, if so, sending a signal to a PLC (programmable logic controller) by a second liquid level sensor in the evaporation kettle, judging whether the liquid supplementing times are greater than a set value by the PLC, if not, controlling to open a liquid inlet valve by the PLC, and returning to the step ⑺;
⑽ if the number of times of fluid infusion is greater than the set value, the PLC opens the vent valve and the drain valve, opens the drain pump, closes the compressor and the circulating water pump, after waiting for the set time, the concentrated solution is drained, closes the vent valve, the drain valve and the drain pump, and returns to step ⑷.
Preferably, in the step ⑷, the third liquid level sensor detects the water level in the circulating water tank and judges whether the water level is higher than the set high water level, if so, the third liquid level sensor in the circulating water tank sends a signal to the PLC, the PLC controls to open the drain valve and drain water outwards, the third liquid level sensor continues to detect the water level in the circulating water tank and judges whether the water level is lower than the set low water level, if so, the third liquid level sensor in the circulating water tank sends a signal to the PLC, and the PLC controls to close the drain valve.
Preferably, in the receiving step ⑹, a pressure gauge is arranged at the refrigerant high-pressure section, the pressure gauge detects whether the pressure of the refrigerant at the high-pressure section is greater than a set value A, if so, the pressure gauge transmits a signal to the PLC, the PLC controls the starting fan to radiate heat to the outside, the pressure value is reduced, the pressure gauge continuously detects whether the pressure of the refrigerant at the high-pressure section is less than a set value B, if so, the pressure gauge transmits a signal to the PLC, and the PLC controls the fan to be.
The invention also provides a control method for detecting the vacuum degree of the evaporator vacuum gauge, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
⑴ system power-on start;
⑵ the first liquid level sensor detects the liquid level of the waste liquid barrel;
⑶, detecting whether the liquid level is low, if so, sending a signal to the PLC by the first liquid level sensor, controlling by the PLC to close the circulating water pump and open the emptying valve, and returning to step ⑵;
⑷ if not, the PLC controls to start the circulating water pump, and opens the liquid inlet valve, the circulating water pump operates to continuously pump out the air in the evaporation kettle, so that the evaporation kettle becomes negative pressure;
⑸ vacuum gauge detects vacuum degree;
⑹, judging whether the vacuum degree is larger than the set value, if yes, the vacuum gauge transmits a signal to the PLC, the PLC controls the start of the compressor, the refrigerant starts to circulate, if not, the step ⑸ is returned;
the invention also provides a technical scheme that the control method for detecting the liquid level of the evaporator evaporation kettle is characterized by comprising the following steps:
⑴ system power-on start;
⑵ the first liquid level sensor detects the liquid level of the waste liquid barrel;
⑶, detecting whether the liquid level is low, if so, sending a signal to the PLC by the first liquid level sensor, controlling by the PLC to close the circulating water pump and open the emptying valve, and returning to step ⑵;
⑷ if not, the PLC controls to start the circulating water pump, and opens the liquid inlet valve, the circulating water pump operates to continuously pump out the air in the evaporation kettle, so that the evaporation kettle becomes negative pressure;
⑸ sucking the stock solution into the evaporation kettle through the liquid inlet valve by the negative pressure, and detecting the liquid level of the evaporation kettle by the second liquid level sensor;
⑹, judging whether the liquid level in the evaporation kettle is higher than the high liquid level, if so, sending a signal to a PLC (programmable logic controller) by a second liquid level sensor in the evaporation kettle, closing a liquid inlet valve by the PLC, counting the liquid supplementing times, and returning to the step ⑸;
⑺, judging whether the liquid level in the evaporation kettle is lower than the low liquid level, if so, sending a signal to a PLC (programmable logic controller) by a second liquid level sensor in the evaporation kettle, judging whether the liquid supplementing times are greater than a set value by the PLC, if not, controlling to open a liquid inlet valve by the PLC, and returning to the step ⑸;
⑻ if the number of times of fluid infusion is greater than the set value, the PLC opens the vent valve and the drain valve, opens the drain pump, closes the compressor and the circulating water pump, after waiting for the set time, the concentrated solution is drained, closes the vent valve, the drain valve and the drain pump, and returns to step ⑷.
The last technical solution of the present invention is a control method for detecting the water level in the circulating water tank of the evaporator, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
⑴ system power-on start;
⑵ the first liquid level sensor detects the liquid level of the waste liquid barrel;
⑶, detecting whether the liquid level is low, if so, sending a signal to the PLC by the first liquid level sensor, controlling by the PLC to close the circulating water pump and open the emptying valve, and returning to step ⑵;
⑷ if not, the PLC controls to start the circulating water pump, and opens the liquid inlet valve, the circulating water pump operates to continuously pump out the air in the evaporation kettle, so that the evaporation kettle becomes negative pressure;
⑸ detecting the water level in the circulating water tank by the third liquid level sensor, judging whether the water level is higher than the set high water level, if yes, sending signal to PLC by the third liquid level sensor in the circulating water tank, and the PLC controls to open the drain valve to drain water outwards;
⑹ the third liquid level sensor continues to detect the water level in the circulating water tank, judges whether the water level is lower than the set low water level, if yes, the third liquid level sensor sends signals to the PLC in the circulating water tank, and the PLC controls to close the drain valve.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
⑴ the liquid level sensor of the waste liquid barrel of the invention is started and closed according to the liquid level automatic control equipment, and the liquid level sensor of the evaporation kettle automatically controls the liquid inlet, thus improving the automation degree of the equipment.
⑵ when the temperature of the equipment rises, the pressure of the high-pressure section of the refrigerant will also become high, and when the pressure is higher than the set value, the fan is opened to radiate heat to the outside, thereby protecting the equipment.
⑶ the invention can set different times of fluid infusion and concentration according to the type, property and concentration of different waste fluids, thereby improving the concentration effect.
⑷ the liquid level sensor of the circulation water tank of the invention automatically controls the opening and closing of the drain valve according to the liquid level, when the water level is higher than the high water level, the condensed water is drained in time, when the water level is lower than the low liquid level, the drainage is stopped, and the idle damage of the circulation water pump caused by the over low liquid level is prevented.
⑸ when the circulating water pump is closed, the emptying valve will open to discharge vacuum to prevent the condensed water from being sucked back.
⑹ the invention adopts PLC programmable controller to control with high automation degree and simple operation.
⑺ the waste liquid in the invention is vaporized and evaporated at low temperature, the material property does not change chemically, the potential safety hazard is avoided, the concentration of the pollutant in the condensate is low, and the in-situ harmless treatment is realized.
⑻ the efficiency of converting electric energy into heat energy is high, 4-5 times of the efficiency of direct conversion of electric heat.
⑼ the waste liquid evaporation and condensation process and the compressor heat dissipation and refrigeration process are in seamless butt joint, and the heat source and the cold source are integrally supplied, so that external cold and heat auxiliary equipment is not needed, and the energy utilization efficiency is high.
⑽ the invention adopts fluid jet technology to provide low pressure environment, high vacuum degree, synchronous discharge of condensate and non-condensate, simple structure of vacuum machine set, and no waste gas discharge.
⑾ the evaporator of the invention can continuously evaporate the waste liquid while discharging the condensate liquid, and the waste liquid treatment efficiency is high.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a control flow diagram of an evaporator of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the evaporator of the present invention.
Description of the main component symbols:
waste liquid barrel 1, first liquid level sensor 11, cold-hot combined supply system 2, liquid inlet valve 21
Second liquid level sensor 222 vacuum gauge 223 emptying valve 224 of evaporation kettle 22
Circulating water pump 33 with third coil 321, third liquid level sensor 322 of circulating water tank 32
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
referring to fig. 1, the method for controlling the evaporator includes the following steps:
⑴ system power-on start;
⑵ the first liquid level sensor detects the liquid level of the waste liquid barrel;
⑶, detecting whether the liquid level is low, if so, sending a signal to the PLC by the first liquid level sensor, controlling by the PLC to close the circulating water pump and open the emptying valve, and returning to step ⑵;
⑷ if not, the PLC controls to start the circulating water pump, and opens the liquid inlet valve, the circulating water pump operates to continuously pump out the air in the evaporation kettle, so that the evaporation kettle becomes negative pressure;
(4.1) detecting the water level in the circulating water tank by using a third liquid level sensor;
(4.2) judging whether the water level is higher than a set high water level, if so, sending a signal to a PLC (programmable logic controller) by a third liquid level sensor in the circulating water tank, and controlling to open a drain valve and drain water outwards by the PLC;
(4.3) continuously detecting the water level in the circulating water tank by using a third liquid level sensor, judging whether the water level is lower than the set low water level, if so, sending a signal to a PLC (programmable logic controller) by using the third liquid level sensor in the circulating water tank, and controlling to close a drain valve by the PLC;
⑸ vacuum gauge detects vacuum degree;
⑹, judging whether the vacuum degree is larger than the set value, if yes, the vacuum gauge transmits a signal to the PLC, the PLC controls the start of the compressor, the refrigerant starts to circulate, if not, the step ⑸ is returned;
(6.1) a pressure gauge is arranged at the refrigerant high-pressure section, the pressure gauge detects whether the refrigerant pressure at the high-pressure section is greater than a set value A, if so, the pressure gauge transmits a signal to a PLC, the PLC controls a starting fan to radiate heat to the outside, and the pressure value is reduced;
(6.2) the pressure gauge continuously detects whether the pressure of the refrigerant in the high-pressure section is smaller than a set value B, if so, the pressure gauge transmits a signal to the PLC, and the PLC controls the fan to be turned off;
⑺, carrying out step ⑷, sucking the stock solution into the evaporation kettle through a liquid inlet valve by negative pressure, and detecting the liquid level of the evaporation kettle by a second liquid level sensor;
⑻, judging whether the liquid level in the evaporation kettle is higher than the high liquid level, if so, sending a signal to a PLC (programmable logic controller) by a second liquid level sensor in the evaporation kettle, closing a liquid inlet valve by the PLC, counting the liquid supplementing times and returning to the step ⑺;
⑼, judging whether the liquid level in the evaporation kettle is lower than the low liquid level, if so, sending a signal to a PLC (programmable logic controller) by a second liquid level sensor in the evaporation kettle, judging whether the liquid supplementing times are greater than a set value by the PLC, if not, controlling to open a liquid inlet valve by the PLC, and returning to the step ⑺;
⑽ if the number of times of fluid infusion is greater than the set value, the PLC opens the vent valve and the drain valve, opens the drain pump, closes the compressor and the circulating water pump, after waiting for the set time, the concentrated solution is drained, closes the vent valve, the drain valve and the drain pump, and returns to step ⑷.
Referring to fig. 1, the method for controlling the vacuum degree detected by the evaporator vacuum gauge includes the following steps:
⑴ system power-on start;
⑵ the first liquid level sensor detects the liquid level of the waste liquid barrel;
⑶, detecting whether the liquid level is low, if so, sending a signal to the PLC by the first liquid level sensor, controlling by the PLC to close the circulating water pump and open the emptying valve, and returning to step ⑵;
⑷ if not, the PLC controls to start the circulating water pump, and opens the liquid inlet valve, the circulating water pump operates to continuously pump out the air in the evaporation kettle, so that the evaporation kettle becomes negative pressure;
⑸ vacuum gauge detects vacuum degree;
⑹, judging whether the vacuum degree is larger than the set value, if yes, the vacuum gauge transmits a signal to the PLC, the PLC controls the start of the compressor, the refrigerant starts to circulate, if not, the step ⑸ is returned;
⑺ the high-pressure section of refrigerant is provided with a pressure gauge,
⑻ the pressure gauge detects whether the pressure of the high-pressure section refrigerant is larger than the set value A, if yes, the pressure gauge transmits a signal to the PLC, the PLC controls the start of the fan to radiate heat to the outside, and the pressure value is reduced;
⑼ the pressure gauge continues to detect whether the pressure of the high pressure section refrigerant is less than the set value B, if so, the pressure gauge sends a signal to the PLC, and the PLC controls the fan to be turned off.
Referring to fig. 1, the method for controlling the liquid level detection of the evaporator includes the following steps:
⑴ system power-on start;
⑵ the first liquid level sensor detects the liquid level of the waste liquid barrel;
⑶, detecting whether the liquid level is low, if so, sending a signal to the PLC by the first liquid level sensor, controlling by the PLC to close the circulating water pump and open the emptying valve, and returning to step ⑵;
⑷ if not, the PLC controls to start the circulating water pump, and opens the liquid inlet valve, the circulating water pump operates to continuously pump out the air in the evaporation kettle, so that the evaporation kettle becomes negative pressure;
⑸ sucking the stock solution into the evaporation kettle through the liquid inlet valve by the negative pressure, and detecting the liquid level of the evaporation kettle by the second liquid level sensor;
⑹, judging whether the liquid level in the evaporation kettle is higher than the high liquid level, if so, sending a signal to a PLC (programmable logic controller) by a second liquid level sensor in the evaporation kettle, closing a liquid inlet valve by the PLC, counting the liquid supplementing times and returning to the step ⑸;
⑺, judging whether the liquid level in the evaporation kettle is lower than the low liquid level, if so, sending a signal to a PLC (programmable logic controller) by a second liquid level sensor in the evaporation kettle, judging whether the liquid supplementing times are greater than a set value by the PLC, if not, controlling to open a liquid inlet valve by the PLC, and returning to the step ⑸;
⑻ if the number of times of fluid infusion is greater than the set value, the PLC opens the vent valve and the drain valve, opens the drain pump, closes the compressor and the circulating water pump, after waiting for the set time, the concentrated solution is drained, closes the vent valve, the drain valve and the drain pump, and returns to step ⑷.
Referring to fig. 1, the method for controlling the detection of the water level in the evaporator circulation tank includes the following steps:
⑴ system power-on start;
⑵ the first liquid level sensor detects the liquid level of the waste liquid barrel;
⑶, detecting whether the liquid level is low, if so, sending a signal to the PLC by the first liquid level sensor, controlling by the PLC to close the circulating water pump and open the emptying valve, and returning to step ⑵;
⑷ if not, the PLC controls to start the circulating water pump, and opens the liquid inlet valve, the circulating water pump operates to continuously pump out the air in the evaporation kettle, so that the evaporation kettle becomes negative pressure;
⑸ detecting the water level in the circulating water tank by the third liquid level sensor, judging whether the water level is higher than the set high water level, if yes, sending signal to PLC by the third liquid level sensor in the circulating water tank, and the PLC controls to open the drain valve to drain water outwards;
⑹ the third liquid level sensor continues to detect the water level in the circulating water tank, judges whether the water level is lower than the set low water level, if yes, the third liquid level sensor sends signals to the PLC in the circulating water tank, and the PLC controls to close the drain valve.
Referring to fig. 2, the evaporator includes a waste liquid tank 1, a combined cooling and heating system 2, and a vacuum generator 3. The waste liquid barrel 1 is provided with a first liquid level sensor 11, the combined cooling and heating system 2 comprises an evaporation kettle 22, a condenser 23, a compressor 24, a radiator 25 and an expansion valve 26, a first coil pipe 221 is arranged in the evaporation kettle 22, the evaporation kettle 22 is respectively provided with a second liquid level sensor 222, a vacuum gauge 223, an emptying valve 224, a liquid inlet valve 21 connected with the waste liquid barrel 1 and a liquid outlet valve 27 connected with a liquid outlet pump 28, and a second coil pipe 231 is arranged in the condenser 23; vacuum generator 3 includes sprayer 31, circulating water tank 32, circulating water pump 33 that the pipeline connects gradually, be equipped with third coil pipe 321 in the circulating water tank 32, circulating water pump 33 with be equipped with drain valve 34 on the connecting pipeline of sprayer 31, circulating water tank 32 still is equipped with third level sensor 322, and the refrigerant in the circulating water tank 32 connects gradually compressor 27 and pressure gauge 29 back through the pipeline and inserts the first coil pipe 221 in the reation kettle 22, and first coil pipe 221 connects gradually the second coil pipe 231 in radiator 25, expansion valve 26 and the condenser 23 through the pipeline, and second coil pipe 231 inserts the third coil pipe 321 in the circulating water tank 32, and third coil pipe 321 connects compressor 24.
Referring to fig. 2, when the waste liquid in the waste liquid barrel 1 is at a high liquid level, the waste liquid enters the evaporation kettle 22 through the liquid inlet valve 21 arranged in the pipeline, because the boiling point of the vacuum waste liquid is low (30-40 ℃), the waste liquid is heated to the boiling point in the evaporation kettle 22, the waste liquid is evaporated and concentrated, and after the set number of times, the liquid discharge valve 27 is opened, and the concentrated liquid is discharged through the liquid discharge pump 28; the steam enters the condenser 23 through the steam pipeline, and in the condenser 23, the steam exchanges heat with the second coil 231 to release heat, is condensed into water, and is pumped into the ejector 31; then enters the circulating water tank 32, the condensate in the circulating water tank 32 is pressurized by the circulating water pump 33 and then returns to the circulating water tank 32 again through the ejector 33, and the condensate circulates in the vacuum generator 3 to generate a large amount of heat; when the water level in the circulation water tank 32 is at a high level, the drain valve 34 is opened, condensate is discharged, and power is supplied by the circulation water pump 33.
The compressor 24, the first coil 221, the radiator 25, the expansion valve 26, the second coil 231, and the third coil 321 are sequentially connected by a pipeline, and the third coil 321 is further connected with the compressor 24 by a pipeline to form a closed circulating connection pipeline; the refrigerant is in the pipeline, the compressor 24 provides power, and the refrigerant forms a closed cycle; after being compressed by the compressor 24, the refrigerant raises the pressure and generates a large amount of heat to become high-temperature and high-pressure gas, and the heat exchange is carried out between the first coil pipe 221 in the evaporation kettle 22 and the waste liquid outside the evaporation kettle to release the heat; the refrigerant enters the radiator 25 after passing through the evaporation kettle 22, the refrigerant coming out of the radiator 25 is in a medium-temperature high-pressure gas-liquid mixed state at this time and reaches the expansion valve 26, the expansion valve 26 has the functions of throttling and pressure reduction, the refrigerant becomes a low-temperature low-pressure fog state through the expansion valve 26 and enters the second coil 231 in the condenser 23, the refrigerant in the second coil 231 exchanges heat with steam outside the pipe, the refrigerant absorbs heat and is evaporated to become low-temperature low-pressure gas, the low-temperature low-pressure gas enters the third coil 321 in the circulating water tank 32, the refrigerant exchanges heat with water outside the pipe, the temperature of the water in the circulating water tank is reduced, the temperature of the refrigerant is increased, and the refrigerant enters the compressor 24.
The radiator 25 is provided with a fan 251, when the pressure of the high-pressure section of the refrigerant is too high, the fan 251 is turned on to radiate heat to the outside, the pressure is reduced, and when the pressure is lower than a set value, the fan 251 is turned off.
The high-pressure water in the ejector 31 forms high-speed jet flow through the nozzle, partial vacuum is formed at the outlet of the nozzle, air and condensate are pumped out, the water-vapor mixed liquid enters the circulating water tank 32, and air in the evaporation kettle 22 and the connected pipeline is pumped out, so that the vacuum environment of the system is generated.
When the liquid level of the evaporation kettle 22 is at a low liquid level, the liquid inlet valve 21 is opened, waste liquid is pumped into the evaporation kettle 22 due to negative pressure, and when the liquid level of the evaporation kettle 22 is at a high liquid level, the liquid inlet valve 21 is closed; the evaporation kettle 22 is provided with an emptying valve 224, when the equipment is shut down, the emptying valve 224 is opened, so that condensate is prevented from being sucked back due to vacuum, and the equipment is protected; the bottom of the evaporation kettle 22 is connected with a liquid discharge valve 27 through a pipeline, the liquid discharge valve 27 is connected with a liquid discharge pump 28 through a pipeline, when waste liquid is concentrated to a certain degree, the emptying valve 224 is opened, then the liquid discharge valve 27 is opened, the liquid discharge pump 28 is opened, and concentrated liquid is discharged.
A drain valve 34 is arranged on a connecting pipeline of the circulating water pump 32 and the ejector 33, when the water level in the circulating water tank 32 is at a high water level, the drain valve 34 is opened, condensate is discharged, and power is provided by the circulating water pump 32.
Referring to fig. 2, the evaporation method of the evaporator includes the following steps:
(1) after the equipment is started, the first liquid level sensor 11 senses that the liquid level of the waste liquid barrel 1 is higher than a set value, and the circulating water pump 33 is started;
(2) the condensate in the circulating water tank 32 is pressurized by the circulating water pump 33 and then returns to the circulating water tank 32 again through the ejector 31, high-pressure water forms high-speed jet flow in the ejector 31, air in the evaporation kettle 1 and the connected pipeline is pumped out, and a low-pressure environment is formed in the evaporation kettle 22;
(3) when the vacuum degree in the evaporation kettle 22 reaches a set vacuum degree, the compressor 24 is started, and the refrigerant forms a closed cycle;
(4) the waste liquid in the waste liquid barrel 1 enters an evaporation kettle 22 through a liquid inlet valve 21 arranged in a pipeline under low pressure, and the waste liquid is heated to a boiling point in the evaporation kettle 22 by heat absorption due to high vacuum degree and low boiling point (30-40 ℃), and is evaporated and concentrated;
(5) the steam enters the condenser 23 through the steam pipeline, and in the condenser 23, the steam exchanges heat with the second coil 231 to release heat, is condensed into water, is pumped into the ejector 31, and enters the circulating water tank 32;
(6) when the number of times of liquid supplementing and concentrating of the waste liquid in the evaporation kettle reaches a set value, the emptying valve 224 is opened, then the liquid discharging valve 27 is opened, the liquid discharging pump 28 is opened, and the concentrated liquid is discharged.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the claims of the present invention should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method of controlling an evaporator, comprising the steps of:
⑴ system power-on start;
⑵ the first liquid level sensor detects the liquid level of the waste liquid barrel;
⑶, detecting whether the liquid level is low, if so, sending a signal to the PLC by the first liquid level sensor, controlling by the PLC to close the circulating water pump and open the emptying valve, and returning to step ⑵;
⑷ if not, the PLC controls to start the circulating water pump, and opens the liquid inlet valve, the circulating water pump operates to continuously pump out the air in the evaporation kettle, so that the evaporation kettle becomes negative pressure;
⑸ vacuum gauge detects vacuum degree;
⑹, judging whether the vacuum degree is larger than the set value, if yes, the vacuum gauge transmits a signal to the PLC, the PLC controls the start of the compressor, the refrigerant starts to circulate, if not, the step ⑸ is returned;
⑺, carrying out step ⑷, sucking the stock solution into the evaporation kettle through a liquid inlet valve by negative pressure, and detecting the liquid level of the evaporation kettle by a second liquid level sensor;
⑻, judging whether the liquid level in the evaporation kettle is higher than the high liquid level, if so, sending a signal to a PLC (programmable logic controller) by a second liquid level sensor in the evaporation kettle, closing a liquid inlet valve by the PLC, counting the liquid supplementing times and returning to the step ⑺;
⑼, judging whether the liquid level in the evaporation kettle is lower than the low liquid level, if so, sending a signal to a PLC (programmable logic controller) by a second liquid level sensor in the evaporation kettle, judging whether the liquid supplementing times are greater than a set value by the PLC, if not, controlling to open a liquid inlet valve by the PLC, and returning to the step ⑺;
⑽ if the number of times of fluid infusion is greater than the set value, the PLC opens the vent valve and the drain valve, opens the drain pump, closes the compressor and the circulating water pump, after waiting for the set time, the concentrated solution is drained, closes the vent valve, the drain valve and the drain pump, and returns to step ⑷.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein in the receiving step ⑷, the third level sensor detects the water level in the circulation tank to determine whether the water level is higher than a predetermined high level, if so, the third level sensor sends a signal to the PLC, the PLC controls the opening and closing of the drain valve to drain water, the third level sensor continues to detect the water level in the circulation tank to determine whether the water level is lower than a predetermined low level, if so, the third level sensor sends a signal to the PLC, and the PLC controls the closing of the drain valve.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the receiving step ⑹, the refrigerant high pressure section is provided with a pressure gauge, the pressure gauge detects whether the refrigerant pressure in the high pressure section is greater than a set value A, if so, the pressure gauge transmits a signal to the PLC, the PLC controls the start of the fan to dissipate heat to the outside, and the pressure value is reduced, the pressure gauge continues to detect whether the refrigerant pressure in the high pressure section is less than a set value B, if so, the pressure gauge transmits a signal to the PLC, and the PLC controls the shut-down of the fan.
4. A control method for detecting the vacuum degree of an evaporator vacuum gauge is characterized by comprising the following steps:
⑴ system power-on start;
⑵ the first liquid level sensor detects the liquid level of the waste liquid barrel;
⑶, detecting whether the liquid level is low, if so, sending a signal to the PLC by the first liquid level sensor, controlling by the PLC to close the circulating water pump and open the emptying valve, and returning to step ⑵;
⑷ if not, the PLC controls to start the circulating water pump, and opens the liquid inlet valve, the circulating water pump operates to continuously pump out the air in the evaporation kettle, so that the evaporation kettle becomes negative pressure;
⑸ vacuum gauge detects vacuum degree;
⑹, judging whether the vacuum degree is larger than the set value, if yes, the vacuum gauge sends a signal to the PLC, the PLC controls the start of the compressor, the refrigerant starts to circulate, if not, the step ⑸ is returned.
5. A control method for detecting the liquid level of an evaporator kettle of an evaporator is characterized by comprising the following steps:
⑴ system power-on start;
⑵ the first liquid level sensor detects the liquid level of the waste liquid barrel;
⑶, detecting whether the liquid level is low, if so, sending a signal to the PLC by the first liquid level sensor, controlling by the PLC to close the circulating water pump and open the emptying valve, and returning to step ⑵;
⑷ if not, the PLC controls to start the circulating water pump, and opens the liquid inlet valve, the circulating water pump operates to continuously pump out the air in the evaporation kettle, so that the evaporation kettle becomes negative pressure;
⑸ sucking the stock solution into the evaporation kettle through the liquid inlet valve by the negative pressure, and detecting the liquid level of the evaporation kettle by the second liquid level sensor;
⑹, judging whether the liquid level in the evaporation kettle is higher than the high liquid level, if so, sending a signal to a PLC (programmable logic controller) by a second liquid level sensor in the evaporation kettle, closing a liquid inlet valve by the PLC, counting the liquid supplementing times, and returning to the step ⑸;
⑺, judging whether the liquid level in the evaporation kettle is lower than the low liquid level, if so, sending a signal to a PLC (programmable logic controller) by a second liquid level sensor in the evaporation kettle, judging whether the liquid supplementing times are greater than a set value by the PLC, if not, controlling to open a liquid inlet valve by the PLC, and returning to the step ⑸;
⑻ if the number of times of fluid infusion is greater than the set value, the PLC opens the vent valve and the drain valve, opens the drain pump, closes the compressor and the circulating water pump, after waiting for the set time, the concentrated solution is drained, closes the vent valve, the drain valve and the drain pump, and returns to step ⑷.
6. A control method for detecting the water level in an evaporator circulating water tank is characterized by comprising the following steps:
⑴ system power-on start;
⑵ the first liquid level sensor detects the liquid level of the waste liquid barrel;
⑶, detecting whether the liquid level is low, if so, sending a signal to the PLC by the first liquid level sensor, controlling by the PLC to close the circulating water pump and open the emptying valve, and returning to step ⑵;
⑷ if not, the PLC controls to start the circulating water pump, and opens the liquid inlet valve, the circulating water pump operates to continuously pump out the air in the evaporation kettle, so that the evaporation kettle becomes negative pressure;
⑸ detecting the water level in the circulating water tank by the third liquid level sensor, judging whether the water level is higher than the set high water level, if yes, sending signal to PLC by the third liquid level sensor in the circulating water tank, and the PLC controls to open the drain valve to drain water outwards;
⑹ the third liquid level sensor continues to detect the water level in the circulating water tank, judges whether the water level is lower than the set low water level, if yes, the third liquid level sensor sends signals to the PLC in the circulating water tank, and the PLC controls to close the drain valve.
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