CN111230413A - Hub precision pattern laser spraying process - Google Patents

Hub precision pattern laser spraying process Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111230413A
CN111230413A CN202010038025.6A CN202010038025A CN111230413A CN 111230413 A CN111230413 A CN 111230413A CN 202010038025 A CN202010038025 A CN 202010038025A CN 111230413 A CN111230413 A CN 111230413A
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Prior art keywords
hub
pattern
laser
preset
real
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Granted
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CN202010038025.6A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN111230413B (en
Inventor
周顺定
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Shengwang Auto Parts Kunshan Co ltd
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Shengwang Auto Parts Kunshan Co ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B16/00—Spray booths
    • B05B16/90—Spray booths comprising conveying means for moving objects or other work to be sprayed in and out of the booth, e.g. through the booth
    • B05B16/95—Spray booths comprising conveying means for moving objects or other work to be sprayed in and out of the booth, e.g. through the booth the objects or other work to be sprayed lying on, or being held above the conveying means, i.e. not hanging from the conveying means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/02—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying
    • B05D1/12—Applying particulate materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D3/002—Pretreatement
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D3/007—After-treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D3/02—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by baking
    • B05D3/0254—After-treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/50—Multilayers
    • B05D7/52—Two layers
    • B05D7/54—No clear coat specified
    • B05D7/544—No clear coat specified the first layer is let to dry at least partially before applying the second layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/50—Multilayers
    • B05D7/52—Two layers
    • B05D7/54—No clear coat specified
    • B05D7/546—No clear coat specified each layer being cured, at least partially, separately
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/36—Removing material
    • B23K26/362—Laser etching
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/60—Preliminary treatment

Abstract

The invention provides a hub precise pattern laser spraying process, which is characterized in that the three-dimensional numerical value in the laser marking process is strictly controlled, and the processes of pretreatment, foundation make-up, colored paint and powder penetration are arranged before and after the pattern laser processing, so that the pattern laser marking is carried out on the hub on the basis of certain colored paint in the laser marking process, and after the pattern laser marking is finished, the hub is cleaned again and subjected to powder penetration again, so that the pattern can be ensured to be clear, and the pattern precision can be high.

Description

Hub precision pattern laser spraying process
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of laser spraying, in particular to a hub precision pattern laser spraying process.
Background
At present, aluminum alloy wheels on the market are subjected to casting or forging and then are machined, and then are coated and painted to finish surface decoration. Along with the change of aesthetic appearance and the demand of individuation, the wheel has more and more shapes, the requirement of surface decoration is higher and higher, and more individual LOGO patterns appear on a plurality of hubs. The method is realized mainly in two ways, namely, after one color is sprayed, the LOGO pattern is transferred to the hub in a transfer printing way, and the method is characterized in that ink is transferred to the surface of the hub by transfer printing equipment through a rubber head to print the LOGO pattern by utilizing the principle of gravure printing; the process can accurately confirm the adjustment of the printing ink, the lines of the patterns and the like, a large amount of manpower can be wasted, and meanwhile, waste oil and printing ink generated by pad printing also need to be cleaned, so that the cost is wasted; secondly, the LOGO mark is embodied on the hub by using a non-setting adhesive labeling mode after one color is sprayed. However, these methods all have many defects and risks, and the pad printing scheme causes color difference of the pattern, unclear and incomplete lines, and even risks that the pattern may fall off after being photographed into a LOGO pattern.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a hub precision pattern laser spraying process to solve the technical problem.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a hub precision pattern laser spraying process, which comprises the following steps:
step S1, preprocessing: taking an aluminum alloy hub blank, putting the hub into degreasing liquid for pre-degreasing and degreasing so as to effectively remove grease and impurities on the surface of the hub, washing with water twice at normal temperature, washing with acid once, washing with pure water twice, carrying out chromium-free treatment by adopting a chromium-free purifying agent, and washing with water for three times to finish pretreatment;
step S2, transferring the hub subjected to pretreatment into a foundation making spray room through a manipulator, spraying base powder on the surface of the aluminum alloy hub blank subjected to pretreatment in the step S1 by adopting black powder, wherein the thickness of the base powder is more than or equal to 70 microns, and drying the sprayed aluminum alloy hub for the first time; transferring the dried hub into a colored paint spraying room through a manipulator, spraying colored paint with the spraying thickness of 26-30um, and drying the sprayed aluminum alloy hub for the second time; transferring the dried hub to a powder oven through a manipulator, and baking for the third time;
step S3, performing finish turning processing on the hub, polishing an aluminum alloy hub blank by using mechanical polishing, cleaning the aluminum alloy hub blank by using cleaning liquid, and drying;
step S4, placing the dried wheel hub on a positioning jig, performing pattern laser processing, and performing laser marking on the wheel hub through a laser, wherein the laser acquires a wheel hub pattern matrix corresponding to each CCD camera and compares the wheel hub pattern matrix with a preset pattern matrix stored in a control device to determine that a wheel hub pattern matrix deviation value acquired in real time is within a preset deviation value range, and then the laser processing is qualified;
step S5, after the pattern laser processing is finished, the positioning jig is removed;
step S6, pre-treatment, namely, placing the hub subjected to the pattern laser treatment in the step S5 into degreasing liquid for pre-degreasing and degreasing so as to effectively remove grease and impurities on the surface of the hub, washing the hub twice with normal-temperature water, washing the hub once with acid, washing the hub twice with pure water, performing chromium-free treatment by using a chromium-free purifying agent, and washing the hub three times with water to finish the pre-treatment;
step S7, transferring the dried hub to a powder thorough-spraying room for treatment through a manipulator, transferring the hub to a powder thorough-drying furnace through the manipulator after the treatment is finished, and drying the hub;
step S8, pre-treatment, namely, putting the hub completely powdered in the step S7 into degreasing liquid for pre-degreasing and degreasing so as to effectively remove grease and impurities on the surface of the hub, washing the hub twice with normal-temperature water, washing the hub with acid once and washing the hub with pure water twice, carrying out chromium-free treatment by adopting a chromium-free purifying agent, and finishing the pre-treatment after washing the hub three times;
step S9, transferring the hub subjected to pretreatment into a powder through-roasting furnace through a manipulator, and drying; after drying, transferring the hub to a delustering spraying room through a manipulator, spraying delustering protective paint, after spraying, transferring to a colored paint oven for drying, after drying, transferring the hub to a powder thorough oven for drying; and (6) inspecting a finished product.
Further, in the pretreatment process, the degreasing alkali point is 8-12, the acid point is 4-6, the chrome-free conversion conductivity is 75-150us/cm, the Sam tank temperature is 50-60 ℃, the pH value is 2.8-3.8, and all pressures are 1.0 bar.
Further, in the step S2, the foundation spray chamber: the flow rate of the foundation is 1.3-1.6bar, the spraying amplitude is 2.5-3.0bar, the voltage is 50KV, the current is 60uA, and a linear nozzle is adopted for spraying powder;
wherein, the colored paint spraying room: the flow of the colored paint is 0.2-0.4bar, the spray width is 2.5-3.0bar, the voltage is 50KV, and the current is 60 uA;
wherein, the powder spouts the room thoroughly: the powder penetration flow is 1.3-1.5bar, the spraying amplitude is 2.5-3.0bar, the voltage is 55KV, the current is 70uA, and a linear nozzle is adopted for spraying powder.
Further, in step S9, the extinction spray booth is: the flow rate of the spray paint is 0.3-0.5bar, the spray amplitude is 2.5-3.0bar, the voltage is 50KV, and the current is 60 uA.
Further, in step S4, performing laser processing on the hub pattern by using a pattern laser device, where the pattern laser device includes a bottom plate, and side frames are disposed above and below the bottom plate, where a first motor is disposed on the side frames, an output shaft of the first motor and a vertically disposed lead screw are disposed on the lead screw, and a slider is disposed on the lead screw, and can move up and down along the lead screw and stop at any position; the laser oil cylinder is horizontally arranged on the sliding block, a laser is arranged at the end part of the laser oil cylinder and used for emitting laser, and the laser can move in the horizontal direction under the driving of the laser oil cylinder.
Further, the upper side frame is provided with a first CCD camera, the lower side frame is provided with a second CCD camera, a vertical rod is arranged between the upper side frame and the lower side frame, the lower end of the vertical rod is provided with a camera oil cylinder, the upper end of the camera oil cylinder is provided with a third CCD camera, and the third CCD camera can move in the vertical direction.
The laser device further comprises a control device for controlling the laser process of the laser device, wherein the control device comprises a preset pattern matrix F (a, b, c, E), wherein a represents a preset value in the X-axis direction corresponding to the pattern, b represents a preset value in the Y-axis direction corresponding to the pattern, c represents a preset value in the Z-axis direction corresponding to the pattern, and E represents a preset three-dimensional difference matrix E (a0, b0, c0), wherein a0 represents a preset maximum deviation value in the X-axis direction corresponding to the pattern, and b0 represents a preset maximum deviation value c0 in the Y-axis direction corresponding to the pattern.
Further, when the laser marks the hub pattern, the hub pattern is scanned from each angle respectively, and a corresponding hub pattern matrix is obtained in real time, wherein the first CCD camera arranged on the upper side frame obtains a first hub pattern matrix F1(a1, b1, c1) during the laser marking process, wherein a1 represents a real-time value in the X-axis direction corresponding to the pattern obtained by the first CCD camera, b1 represents a real-time value in the Y-axis direction corresponding to the pattern obtained by the first CCD camera, and c1 represents a real-time value in the Z-axis direction corresponding to the pattern obtained by the first CCD camera;
the control device obtains the first hub pattern matrix F1(a1, b1, c1), and obtains a first hub real-time difference matrix E (a1, b1, c1) by respectively comparing differences with preset values of the pattern preset matrix F (a, b, c, E), wherein a1 represents a real-time deviation value of a real-time hub pattern photographed by the first CCD camera and a preset pattern value in the X-axis direction, b1 represents a real-time deviation value of the real-time hub pattern photographed by the first CCD camera and the preset pattern value in the Y-axis direction, and c1 represents a real-time deviation value of the real-time hub pattern photographed by the first CCD camera and the preset pattern value in the Z-axis direction.
Further, a second CCD camera arranged on the lower side frame acquires a second hub pattern matrix F2(a2, b2 and c2) in the laser marking process, and acquires a second hub real-time difference matrix E (a2, b2 and c2) by respectively carrying out difference comparison with each preset value of the pattern preset matrix F (a, b, c and E);
the third CCD camera acquires a third hub pattern matrix F3(a3, b3, c3) when being located at the lowermost end, and acquires a third hub real-time difference matrix E (a3, b3, c3) by difference comparison with respective preset values of the pattern preset matrix F (a, b, c, E).
Further, the control device acquires a comparison value of the first hub real-time difference matrix E (a1, b1, c1) and a preset three-dimensional difference matrix E (a0, b0, c0), and determines whether the values of the first hub real-time difference matrix E (a1, b1, c1) are all within the range of the preset three-dimensional difference matrix E (a0, b0, c 0); meanwhile, the control device acquires a comparison value of the second hub real-time difference matrix E (a2, b2, c2) and a preset three-dimensional difference matrix E (a0, b0, c0), and judges whether the numerical values of the second hub real-time difference matrix E (a2, b2, c2) are all in the range of the preset three-dimensional difference matrix E (a0, b0, c 0); meanwhile, the control device acquires a comparison value of the third hub real-time difference matrix E (a3, b3, c3) and a preset three-dimensional difference matrix E (a0, b0, c0), and judges whether the numerical values of the third hub real-time difference matrix E (a3, b3, c3) are all in the range of the preset three-dimensional difference matrix E (a0, b0, c 0);
if the comparison values of the three groups are within the preset difference value range, the marking process of the laser is qualified, and the laser spraying process is qualified;
if the two comparison values are within the preset difference range and the one comparison value is not within the preset difference range, the camera cylinder 31 moves half of the upward stroke to obtain a fourth hub pattern matrix F4(a4, b4, c 4); and acquiring four groups of data values, respectively judging, wherein if the three groups of data values are all in a preset difference range, the marking process of the laser is qualified at the moment, and the laser spraying process is qualified.
Compared with the prior art, the wheel hub precise pattern laser spraying process has the advantages that the three-dimensional numerical value in the laser marking process is strictly controlled, and the processes of pretreatment, foundation make-up, colored paint and powder penetration are arranged before and after the pattern laser processing, so that the pattern laser marking is carried out on the wheel hub on the basis that the wheel hub has certain colored paint in the laser marking process, the wheel hub is cleaned again and subjected to powder penetration again after the pattern laser marking is finished, the pattern can be ensured to be clear, and the pattern precision can be high.
In particular, in the pattern laser process, a laser marking machine is used for determining the LOGO effect of a pattern, the laser has no material consumption in efficiency, printing ink in transfer printing is omitted, the laser only needs to adjust a picture file in the operation of a worker, and the transfer printing continuously requires the worker to pay attention to whether a steel plate rubber head is clean or not, whether a printed picture is deformed or unclear or the like in the use process; the pattern laser process is to use a laser marking machine to determine the LOGO effect of a pattern, and for safety hidden patients, laser is dazzling due to strong light, and ink is smelly due to gas volatilization. Laser inevitably produces smoke and dust when LOGO is printed, ink (components) can produce a smell in the process of blending and printing, and the smell is harmful to the body, but the problems can be solved by arranging an exhaust fan by laser, and the whole working environment can not be effectively improved by pad printing; the pattern laser process and the existing coating process well meet the requirements of technologies such as pad printing patterns, adhesive sticker labeling and the like on environmental testing in the aspect of hubs; compared with the prior art, the process has the advantages of high pattern precision, strong permanence, high production efficiency and the like.
Particularly, the control device of the invention obtains the comparison value of the first hub real-time difference matrix E (a1, b1, c1) and the preset three-dimensional difference matrix E (a0, b0, c0), and judges whether the numerical values of the first hub real-time difference matrix E (a1, b1, c1) are all in the range of the preset three-dimensional difference matrix E (a0, b0, c 0); meanwhile, the control device acquires a comparison value of the second hub real-time difference matrix E (a2, b2, c2) and a preset three-dimensional difference matrix E (a0, b0, c0), and judges whether the numerical values of the second hub real-time difference matrix E (a2, b2, c2) are all in the range of the preset three-dimensional difference matrix E (a0, b0, c 0); meanwhile, the control device acquires a comparison value of the third hub real-time difference matrix E (a3, b3, c3) and a preset three-dimensional difference matrix E (a0, b0, c0), and judges whether the numerical values of the third hub real-time difference matrix E (a3, b3, c3) are all in the range of the preset three-dimensional difference matrix E (a0, b0, c 0); if the comparison values of the three groups are within the preset difference value range, the marking process of the laser is qualified, and the laser spraying process is qualified;
if the two comparison values are within the preset difference range and the one comparison value is not within the preset difference range, the camera cylinder 31 moves half of the upward stroke to obtain a fourth hub pattern matrix F4(a4, b4, c 4); and acquiring four groups of data values, respectively judging, wherein if the three groups of data values are all in a preset difference range, the marking process of the laser is qualified at the moment, and the laser spraying process is qualified.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Also, like reference numerals are used to refer to like parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a hub precision pattern laser spraying process according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a first structural schematic view of a hub precision pattern laser spraying device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a second structural schematic diagram of the hub precision pattern laser spraying device according to the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only for explaining the technical principle of the invention, and do not limit the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms of direction or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for convenience of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a hub precision pattern laser spraying process according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the process flow of the embodiment includes:
step S1, preprocessing: taking an aluminum alloy hub blank, putting the hub into degreasing liquid for pre-degreasing and degreasing so as to effectively remove grease and impurities on the surface of the hub, washing with water twice at normal temperature, washing with acid once, washing with pure water twice, carrying out chromium-free treatment by adopting a chromium-free purifying agent, and washing with water for three times to finish pretreatment;
wherein the degreasing alkali point is pH8-12, the acid point is pH4-6, the chrome-free conversion conductivity is 75-150us/cm, the Sam tank temperature is 50-60 ℃, the pH value is 2.8-3.8, and all pressures are 1.0 bar.
Step S2, transferring the hub subjected to pretreatment into a foundation making spray room through a manipulator, spraying base powder on the surface of the aluminum alloy hub blank subjected to pretreatment in the step S1 by adopting black powder, wherein the thickness of the base powder is more than or equal to 70 microns, and drying the sprayed aluminum alloy hub for the first time; transferring the dried hub into a colored paint spraying room through a manipulator, spraying colored paint with the spraying thickness of 26-30um, and drying the sprayed aluminum alloy hub for the second time; transferring the dried hub to a powder oven through a manipulator, and baking for the third time;
wherein, the foundation spraying room: the flow rate of the foundation is 1.3-1.6bar, the spraying amplitude is 2.5-3.0bar, the voltage is 50KV, the current is 60uA, and a linear nozzle is adopted for spraying powder.
Wherein, the colored paint spraying room: the flow of the colored paint is 0.2-0.4bar, the spraying amplitude is 2.5-3.0bar, the voltage is 50KV, and the current is 60 uA.
Wherein, the powder spouts the room thoroughly: the powder penetration flow is 1.3-1.5bar, the spraying amplitude is 2.5-3.0bar, the voltage is 55KV, the current is 70uA, and a linear nozzle is adopted for spraying powder.
Step S3, performing finish turning processing on the hub, polishing an aluminum alloy hub blank by using mechanical polishing, cleaning the aluminum alloy hub blank by using cleaning liquid, and drying;
step S4, placing the dried hub on a positioning jig for pattern laser processing;
step S5, after the pattern laser processing is finished, the positioning jig is removed;
step S6, pre-treatment, namely, placing the hub subjected to the pattern laser treatment in the step S5 into degreasing liquid for pre-degreasing and degreasing so as to effectively remove grease and impurities on the surface of the hub, washing the hub twice with normal-temperature water, washing the hub once with acid, washing the hub twice with pure water, performing chromium-free treatment by using a chromium-free purifying agent, and washing the hub three times with water to finish the pre-treatment;
wherein the degreasing alkali point is pH8-12, the acid point is pH4-6, the chrome-free conversion conductivity is 75-150us/cm, the Sam tank temperature is 50-60 ℃, the pH value is 2.8-3.8, and all pressures are 1.0 bar.
Step S7, transferring the dried hub to a powder thorough-spraying room for treatment through a manipulator, transferring the hub to a powder thorough-drying furnace through the manipulator after the treatment is finished, and drying the hub;
wherein the powder spraying flow is 1.3-1.5bar, the spraying amplitude is 2.5-3.0bar, the voltage is 55KV, the current is 70uA, and the powder spraying is carried out by a linear nozzle.
Step S8, pre-treatment, namely, putting the hub completely powdered in the step S7 into degreasing liquid for pre-degreasing and degreasing so as to effectively remove grease and impurities on the surface of the hub, washing the hub twice with normal-temperature water, washing the hub with acid once and washing the hub with pure water twice, carrying out chromium-free treatment by adopting a chromium-free purifying agent, and finishing the pre-treatment after washing the hub three times;
step S9, transferring the hub subjected to pretreatment into a powder through-roasting furnace through a manipulator, and drying; after drying, transferring the hub to a delustering spraying room through a manipulator, spraying delustering protective paint, after spraying, transferring to a colored paint oven for drying, after drying, transferring the hub to a powder thorough oven for drying; and (6) inspecting a finished product.
Wherein, the extinction spouts the room: the flow rate of spray paint is 0.3-0.5bar, the spray amplitude is 2.5-3.0bar, the voltage is 50KV, and the current is 60 uA;
and inspecting a finished product, and inspecting whether the color and the appearance are good or not by using a hub paint spraying adhesion test.
Fig. 2 and 3 are schematic structural diagrams of a hub precision pattern laser spraying device according to an embodiment of the present invention, which are a first structural diagram and a second structural diagram; the pattern laser device of the embodiment comprises a bottom plate 1, wherein side frames 10 are arranged above and below the bottom plate 1, a first motor 11 is arranged on each side frame 10, an output shaft of the first motor and a vertically arranged screw rod 12 are arranged on each screw rod 12, a sliding block 13 is arranged on each screw rod 12, and each sliding block 13 can move up and down along each screw rod 12 and stays at any position. The laser device comprises a slider 13 and is characterized in that a laser oil cylinder 21 horizontally arranged is arranged on the slider 13, a laser 22 is arranged at the end part of the laser oil cylinder 21 and used for emitting laser, and the laser 22 can be driven by the laser oil cylinder 21 to move along the horizontal direction. Specifically, in the embodiment of the invention, the laser can move up and down under the driving of the screw rod sliding block structure and can move horizontally under the driving of the laser oil cylinder. Certainly, in the embodiment of the invention, the tail end of the laser oil cylinder can be provided with a joint connection, or a servo motor is directly arranged to be connected with a laser, so that the laser can rotate to perform laser patterns on the hub from multiple dimensions.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the first CCD camera 41 is disposed on the upper frame, the second CCD camera 42 is disposed on the lower frame, the vertical rod 3 is disposed between the upper frame and the lower frame, the camera cylinder 31 is disposed at the lower end of the vertical rod 3, the third CCD camera 43 is disposed at the upper end of the camera cylinder 31, and the third CCD camera 43 can move in the up-down direction.
Specifically, the embodiment of the present invention further includes a control device, which controls the laser process of the laser, wherein the control device includes a pattern preset matrix F (a, b, c, E), where a represents a preset value in the X-axis direction corresponding to the pattern, b represents a preset value in the Y-axis direction corresponding to the pattern, c represents a preset value in the Z-axis direction corresponding to the pattern, and E represents a preset three-dimensional difference matrix E (a0, b0, c0), where a0 represents a preset maximum deviation value in the X-axis direction corresponding to the pattern, and b0 represents a preset maximum deviation value c0 in the Y-axis direction corresponding to the pattern. The embodiment of the invention sets a preset matrix, and the control device controls the laser according to the preset pattern matrix and performs laser marking according to the data information of the preset matrix.
Specifically, in the three CCD cameras according to the embodiment of the present invention, when the laser marks the hub pattern, the hub pattern is scanned from each angle, and the corresponding hub pattern matrix is obtained in real time, wherein the first CCD camera disposed on the upper side frame obtains a first hub pattern matrix F1(a1, b1, c1) during the laser marking process, where a1 represents a real-time value in the X-axis direction corresponding to the pattern obtained by the first CCD camera, b1 represents a real-time value in the Y-axis direction corresponding to the pattern obtained by the first CCD camera, and c1 represents a real-time value in the Z-axis direction corresponding to the pattern obtained by the first CCD camera. The control device obtains the first hub pattern matrix F1(a1, b1, c1), and obtains a first hub real-time difference matrix E (a1, b1, c1) by respectively comparing differences with preset values of the pattern preset matrix F (a, b, c, E), wherein a1 represents a real-time deviation value of a real-time hub pattern photographed by the first CCD camera and a preset pattern value in the X-axis direction, b1 represents a real-time deviation value of the real-time hub pattern photographed by the first CCD camera and the preset pattern value in the Y-axis direction, and c1 represents a real-time deviation value of the real-time hub pattern photographed by the first CCD camera and the preset pattern value in the Z-axis direction.
Specifically, a second CCD camera arranged at the lower side frame acquires a second hub pattern matrix F2(a2, b2, c2) during laser marking, where a2 represents a real-time numerical value in the X-axis direction corresponding to the pattern acquired by the second CCD camera, b2 represents a real-time numerical value in the Y-axis direction corresponding to the pattern acquired by the second CCD camera, and c2 represents a real-time numerical value in the Z-axis direction corresponding to the pattern acquired by the second CCD camera. The control device obtains the second hub pattern matrix F2(a2, b2, c2), and obtains a second hub real-time difference matrix E (a2, b2, c2) by respectively comparing differences with preset values of the pattern preset matrix F (a, b, c, E), wherein a2 represents a real-time deviation value of a real-time hub pattern and a preset pattern value shot by the second CCD camera in the X-axis direction, b2 represents a real-time deviation value of the real-time hub pattern and the preset pattern value shot by the second CCD camera in the Y-axis direction, and c2 represents a real-time deviation value of the real-time hub pattern and the preset pattern value shot by the second CCD camera in the Z-axis direction.
Specifically, when the third CCD camera is located at the bottom, the third hub pattern matrix F3(a3, b3, c3) is acquired, where a3 represents the real-time numerical value in the X-axis direction corresponding to the pattern acquired by the third CCD camera, b3 represents the real-time numerical value in the Y-axis direction corresponding to the pattern acquired by the third CCD camera, and c3 represents the real-time numerical value in the Z-axis direction corresponding to the pattern acquired by the third CCD camera. The control device obtains the third hub pattern matrix F3(a3, b3, c3), and obtains a third hub real-time difference matrix E (a3, b3, c3) by respectively comparing differences with preset values of the pattern preset matrix F (a, b, c, E), wherein a3 represents a real-time deviation value of a real-time hub pattern shot by the third CCD camera and a preset pattern value in the X-axis direction, b3 represents a real-time deviation value of the real-time hub pattern shot by the third CCD camera and the preset pattern value in the Y-axis direction, and c3 represents a real-time deviation value of the real-time hub pattern shot by the third CCD camera and the preset pattern value in the Z-axis direction.
Specifically, the control device acquires a comparison value of a first hub real-time difference matrix E (a1, b1, c1) and a preset three-dimensional difference matrix E (a0, b0, c0), and judges whether the numerical values of the first hub real-time difference matrix E (a1, b1, c1) are all within the range of the preset three-dimensional difference matrix E (a0, b0, c 0); meanwhile, the control device acquires a comparison value of the second hub real-time difference matrix E (a2, b2, c2) and a preset three-dimensional difference matrix E (a0, b0, c0), and judges whether the numerical values of the second hub real-time difference matrix E (a2, b2, c2) are all in the range of the preset three-dimensional difference matrix E (a0, b0, c 0); meanwhile, the control device obtains the comparison value of the third hub real-time difference matrix E (a3, b3, c3) and the preset three-dimensional difference matrix E (a0, b0, c0), and determines whether the numerical values of the third hub real-time difference matrix E (a3, b3, c3) are all within the range of the preset three-dimensional difference matrix E (a0, b0, c 0).
If the three groups of comparison values are within the preset difference value range, the marking process of the laser is qualified, and the laser spraying process is qualified.
If the two sets of comparison values are within the preset difference range and the one set of comparison values is not within the preset difference range, the camera cylinder 31 moves half of the upward stroke, and a fourth hub pattern matrix F4 is obtained (a4, b4, c 4).
Wherein, a4 represents the real-time numerical value of the pattern obtained by the third CCD camera, b4 represents the real-time numerical value of the pattern obtained by the third CCD camera, and c4 represents the real-time numerical value of the pattern obtained by the third CCD camera. The control device obtains the third hub pattern matrix F4(a4, b4, c4), and obtains a third hub real-time difference matrix E (a4, b4, c4) by respectively comparing differences with preset values of the pattern preset matrix F (a, b, c, E), wherein a4 represents a real-time deviation value of a real-time hub pattern shot by the third CCD camera and a preset pattern value in the X-axis direction, b4 represents a real-time deviation value of the real-time hub pattern shot by the third CCD camera and the preset pattern value in the Y-axis direction, and c4 represents a real-time deviation value of the real-time hub pattern shot by the third CCD camera and the preset pattern value in the Z-axis direction. The control device acquires the comparison value of the third hub real-time difference matrix E (a4, b4, c4) and the preset three-dimensional difference matrix E (a0, b0, c0), and judges whether the numerical values of the third hub real-time difference matrix E (a4, b4, c4) are all in the range of the preset three-dimensional difference matrix E (a0, b0, c 0).
Specifically, four groups of data values are obtained and are respectively judged, if the three groups of data values are all in the preset difference range, the marking process of the laser is qualified, and the laser spraying process is qualified.
If the comparison value of one group is within the preset difference range and the comparison value of the two groups is not within the preset difference range, the camera cylinder 31 moves upward to the uppermost end of the stroke, and a fifth hub pattern matrix F5 is obtained (a5, b5, c 5).
Wherein, a5 represents the real-time numerical value of the pattern obtained by the third CCD camera, b5 represents the real-time numerical value of the pattern obtained by the third CCD camera, and c5 represents the real-time numerical value of the pattern obtained by the third CCD camera. The control device obtains the third hub pattern matrix F5(a5, b5, c5), and obtains a third hub real-time difference matrix E (a5, b5, c5) by respectively comparing differences with preset values of the pattern preset matrix F (a, b, c, E), wherein a5 represents a real-time deviation value of a real-time hub pattern shot by the third CCD camera and a preset pattern value in the X-axis direction, b5 represents a real-time deviation value of the real-time hub pattern shot by the third CCD camera and the preset pattern value in the Y-axis direction, and c5 represents a real-time deviation value of the real-time hub pattern shot by the third CCD camera and the preset pattern value in the Z-axis direction. The control device acquires the comparison value of the third hub real-time difference matrix E (a5, b5, c5) and the preset three-dimensional difference matrix E (a0, b0, c0), and judges whether the numerical values of the third hub real-time difference matrix E (a5, b5, c5) are all in the range of the preset three-dimensional difference matrix E (a0, b0, c 0).
Specifically, five groups of data values are obtained and are respectively judged, and if the three groups of values are also within the preset difference range, the marking process of the laser is qualified, and the laser spraying process is qualified.
Specifically, five groups of data values are obtained and are respectively judged, if at least three groups of values are not in the preset difference range, the marking process of the laser is unqualified, the laser spraying process is unqualified, and the pattern laser spraying is required to be carried out again.
According to the invention, through strictly controlling the three-dimensional numerical quantity in the laser marking process, and setting the processes of pretreatment, foundation make-up, colored paint and powder penetration before and after pattern laser processing, the pattern laser marking is carried out on the basis that the wheel hub has a certain colored paint in the laser marking process, and after the pattern laser marking is finished, the wheel hub is cleaned again and powder penetrated, and the wheel hub is subjected to powder penetration processing again, so that the clear pattern can be ensured, and the pattern precision is high.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a radium-shine spraying process of accurate pattern of wheel hub which characterized in that includes:
step S1, preprocessing: taking an aluminum alloy hub blank, putting the hub into degreasing liquid for pre-degreasing and degreasing so as to effectively remove grease and impurities on the surface of the hub, washing with water twice at normal temperature, washing with acid once, washing with pure water twice, carrying out chromium-free treatment by adopting a chromium-free purifying agent, and washing with water for three times to finish pretreatment;
step S2, transferring the hub subjected to pretreatment into a foundation making spray room through a manipulator, spraying base powder on the surface of the aluminum alloy hub blank subjected to pretreatment in the step S1 by adopting black powder, wherein the thickness of the base powder is more than or equal to 70 microns, and drying the sprayed aluminum alloy hub for the first time; transferring the dried hub into a colored paint spraying room through a manipulator, spraying colored paint with the spraying thickness of 26-30um, and drying the sprayed aluminum alloy hub for the second time; transferring the dried hub to a powder oven through a manipulator, and baking for the third time;
step S3, performing finish turning processing on the hub, polishing an aluminum alloy hub blank by using mechanical polishing, cleaning the aluminum alloy hub blank by using cleaning liquid, and drying;
step S4, placing the dried wheel hub on a positioning jig, performing pattern laser processing, and performing laser marking on the wheel hub through a laser, wherein the laser acquires a wheel hub pattern matrix corresponding to each CCD camera and compares the wheel hub pattern matrix with a preset pattern matrix stored in a control device to determine that a wheel hub pattern matrix deviation value acquired in real time is within a preset deviation value range, and then the laser processing is qualified;
step S5, after the pattern laser processing is finished, the positioning jig is removed;
step S6, pre-treatment, namely, placing the hub subjected to the pattern laser treatment in the step S5 into degreasing liquid for pre-degreasing and degreasing so as to effectively remove grease and impurities on the surface of the hub, washing the hub twice with normal-temperature water, washing the hub once with acid, washing the hub twice with pure water, performing chromium-free treatment by using a chromium-free purifying agent, and washing the hub three times with water to finish the pre-treatment;
step S7, transferring the dried hub to a powder thorough-spraying room for treatment through a manipulator, transferring the hub to a powder thorough-drying furnace through the manipulator after the treatment is finished, and drying the hub;
step S8, pre-treatment, namely, putting the hub completely powdered in the step S7 into degreasing liquid for pre-degreasing and degreasing so as to effectively remove grease and impurities on the surface of the hub, washing the hub twice with normal-temperature water, washing the hub with acid once and washing the hub with pure water twice, carrying out chromium-free treatment by adopting a chromium-free purifying agent, and finishing the pre-treatment after washing the hub three times;
step S9, transferring the hub subjected to pretreatment into a powder through-roasting furnace through a manipulator, and drying; after drying, transferring the hub to a delustering spraying room through a manipulator, spraying delustering protective paint, after spraying, transferring to a colored paint oven for drying, after drying, transferring the hub to a powder thorough oven for drying; and (6) inspecting a finished product.
2. The hub precision pattern laser spraying process of claim 1, wherein in the pretreatment process, the degreasing alkali point is at a pH of 8-12, the acid point is at a pH of 4-6, the chromium-free conversion conductivity is at a value of 75-150us/cm, the Sam bath temperature is at a temperature of 50-60 ℃, the pH value is at a value of 2.8-3.8, and all pressures are 1.0 bar.
3. The hub precision pattern laser spraying process of claim 1, wherein in step S2,
foundation spraying room: the flow rate of the foundation is 1.3-1.6bar, the spraying amplitude is 2.5-3.0bar, the voltage is 50KV, the current is 60uA, and a linear nozzle is adopted for spraying powder;
wherein, the colored paint spraying room: the flow of the colored paint is 0.2-0.4bar, the spray width is 2.5-3.0bar, the voltage is 50KV, and the current is 60 uA;
wherein, the powder spouts the room thoroughly: the powder penetration flow is 1.3-1.5bar, the spraying amplitude is 2.5-3.0bar, the voltage is 55KV, the current is 70uA, and a linear nozzle is adopted for spraying powder.
4. The hub precision pattern laser spraying process of claim 1, wherein in step S9,
extinction spraying room: the flow rate of the spray paint is 0.3-0.5bar, the spray amplitude is 2.5-3.0bar, the voltage is 50KV, and the current is 60 uA.
5. The hub precision pattern laser spraying process of claim 1, wherein in step S4, a pattern laser device is used to laser process the hub pattern, the pattern laser device includes a bottom plate, side frames are disposed above and below the bottom plate, wherein a first motor is disposed on the side frames, an output shaft of the first motor is connected to a vertically disposed lead screw, and a slide block is disposed on the lead screw, and the slide block can move up and down along the lead screw and stay at any position; the laser oil cylinder is horizontally arranged on the sliding block, a laser is arranged at the end part of the laser oil cylinder and used for emitting laser, and the laser can move in the horizontal direction under the driving of the laser oil cylinder.
6. The laser spraying process of precise patterns on hubs according to claim 5, wherein a first CCD camera is arranged on the upper side frame, a second CCD camera is arranged on the lower side frame, a vertical rod is arranged between the upper side frame and the lower side frame, a camera cylinder is arranged at the lower end of the vertical rod, a third CCD camera is arranged at the upper end of the camera cylinder, and the third CCD camera can move in the up-down direction.
7. The hub precision pattern laser spraying process of claim 6, further comprising a control device for controlling the laser process of the laser, wherein the control device comprises a pattern preset matrix F (a, b, c, E), wherein a represents a preset value in the X-axis direction corresponding to the pattern, b represents a preset value in the Y-axis direction corresponding to the pattern, c represents a preset value in the Z-axis direction corresponding to the pattern, and E represents a preset three-dimensional difference matrix E (a0, b0, c0), wherein a0 represents a preset maximum deviation value in the X-axis direction corresponding to the pattern, and b0 represents a preset maximum deviation value in the Y-axis direction corresponding to the pattern, c0 represents a preset maximum deviation value in the Z-axis direction corresponding to the pattern.
8. The hub precise pattern laser spraying process of claim 7, wherein when the hub pattern is marked by the laser, the hub pattern is scanned from various angles respectively to obtain a corresponding hub pattern matrix in real time, wherein the first CCD camera arranged on the upper side frame obtains a first hub pattern matrix F1(a1, b1, c1) during the laser marking process, wherein a1 represents a real-time value in the X-axis direction corresponding to the pattern obtained by the first CCD camera, b1 represents a real-time value in the Y-axis direction corresponding to the pattern obtained by the first CCD camera, and c1 represents a real-time value in the Z-axis direction corresponding to the pattern obtained by the first CCD camera;
the control device obtains the first hub pattern matrix F1(a1, b1, c1), and obtains a first hub real-time difference matrix E (a1, b1, c1) by respectively comparing differences with preset values of the pattern preset matrix F (a, b, c, E), wherein a1 represents a real-time deviation value of a real-time hub pattern photographed by the first CCD camera and a preset pattern value in the X-axis direction, b1 represents a real-time deviation value of the real-time hub pattern photographed by the first CCD camera and the preset pattern value in the Y-axis direction, and c1 represents a real-time deviation value of the real-time hub pattern photographed by the first CCD camera and the preset pattern value in the Z-axis direction.
9. The hub precision pattern laser spraying process of claim 8, wherein a second CCD camera arranged on the lower side frame obtains a second hub pattern matrix F2(a2, b2, c2) in the laser marking process, and obtains a second hub real-time difference matrix E (a2, b2, c2) by respectively carrying out difference comparison with each preset value of the pattern preset matrix F (a, b, c, E);
the third CCD camera acquires a third hub pattern matrix F3(a3, b3, c3) when being located at the lowermost end, and acquires a third hub real-time difference matrix E (a3, b3, c3) by difference comparison with respective preset values of the pattern preset matrix F (a, b, c, E).
10. The hub precision pattern laser spraying process according to claim 9, wherein the control device obtains a comparison value of the first hub real-time difference matrix E (a1, b1, c1) and a preset three-dimensional difference matrix E (a0, b0, c0), and determines whether the values of the first hub real-time difference matrix E (a1, b1, c1) are all within the range of the preset three-dimensional difference matrix E (a0, b0, c 0); meanwhile, the control device acquires a comparison value of the second hub real-time difference matrix E (a2, b2, c2) and a preset three-dimensional difference matrix E (a0, b0, c0), and judges whether the numerical values of the second hub real-time difference matrix E (a2, b2, c2) are all in the range of the preset three-dimensional difference matrix E (a0, b0, c 0); meanwhile, the control device acquires a comparison value of the third hub real-time difference matrix E (a3, b3, c3) and a preset three-dimensional difference matrix E (a0, b0, c0), and judges whether the numerical values of the third hub real-time difference matrix E (a3, b3, c3) are all in the range of the preset three-dimensional difference matrix E (a0, b0, c 0);
if the comparison values of the three groups are within the preset difference value range, the marking process of the laser is qualified, and the laser spraying process is qualified;
if the comparison values of the two groups are within the preset difference range and the comparison value of one group is not within the preset difference range, the camera cylinder 31 moves half of the upward stroke, and a fourth hub pattern matrix F4 is obtained (a4, b4, c 4); and respectively judging the four groups of acquired data values, and if the three groups of values are within the range of the preset difference, the marking process of the laser is qualified at the moment, and the laser spraying process is qualified.
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