CN111230085B - Variable gap type ladle system for aluminum alloy/magnesium alloy and preparation method - Google Patents
Variable gap type ladle system for aluminum alloy/magnesium alloy and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111230085B CN111230085B CN202010242331.1A CN202010242331A CN111230085B CN 111230085 B CN111230085 B CN 111230085B CN 202010242331 A CN202010242331 A CN 202010242331A CN 111230085 B CN111230085 B CN 111230085B
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 18
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 124
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000007712 rapid solidification Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000002074 melt spinning Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000048 melt cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
- B22D41/005—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like with heating or cooling means
- B22D41/01—Heating means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/001—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of specific alloys
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/001—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of specific alloys
- B22D11/003—Aluminium alloys
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
- B22D11/0611—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars formed by a single casting wheel, e.g. for casting amorphous metal strips or wires
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
- B22D11/0622—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars formed by two casting wheels
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D2/00—Arrangement of indicating or measuring devices, e.g. for temperature or viscosity of the fused mass
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D2/00—Arrangement of indicating or measuring devices, e.g. for temperature or viscosity of the fused mass
- B22D2/006—Arrangement of indicating or measuring devices, e.g. for temperature or viscosity of the fused mass for the temperature of the molten metal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D46/00—Controlling, supervising, not restricted to casting covered by a single main group, e.g. for safety reasons
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
The invention discloses a variable gap type ladle system for aluminum alloy/magnesium alloy and a preparation method thereof, wherein the variable gap type ladle system comprises a smelting furnace, a heat preservation furnace, a ladle, a quenching roller, a temperature control device and a liquid level control device; the smelting furnace, the heat preservation furnace and the casting ladle are communicated in sequence, the casting ladle is provided with a heating element, the bottom of the casting ladle is provided with a variable gap type pouring gate, and the quenching roller is arranged below the variable gap type pouring gate. The invention can realize the continuous production of the alloy liquid, which is characterized by melting, heat preservation and rapid solidification of the strip or the plate, the temperature and the pressure of the alloy liquid can be controlled and regulated in the preparation process, the shape and the size of the pouring gate can be regulated, the influence of the alloy liquid temperature and the alloy liquid pressure head on the characteristics of the alloy liquid and the regulation and control of the shape and the size of the strip or the plate can be effectively controlled, and the quality of the alloy plate and the strip can be practically ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of light metal alloy preparation, in particular to a variable gap type ladle system for aluminum alloy/magnesium alloy and a preparation method.
Background
The rapid solidification is a novel metal material preparation technology, not only can greatly improve the performance of the traditional structural material, but also can develop a novel alloy system, and is widely used in the development of novel alloy materials. However, at present, the application of the rapid solidification and melt-spinning technology on structural materials cannot realize large-scale industrialization, which is caused by the following reasons:
(1) the principle of the nozzle device used in the current melt-spinning device is that alloy liquid is sprayed to the circumferential surface of a quenching roller through the nozzle device with the aperture of about 1-3mm and is rapidly cooled into a strip-shaped product, but the produced thin strip cannot meet the rapid mass production of alloy strips in the actual industry, the yield of materials is low, and the temperature is not easy to control.
(2) The general metal melt-spun stove is complicated in process, and inefficiency is long. When the existing metal melt-spinning furnace is used for production, the crucible is fed first and then vacuumized, metal is melted in a vacuum state, then molten alloy is poured into a pouring gate, and the molten alloy reaches a quenching roller through the pouring gate. And the quenching roller is thrown out of the cooling disc to be cooled, after the cooling disc is cooled to the specified temperature, the furnace is opened to take materials, and then the crucible is fed to enter the next furnace to be smelted. The scheme is that the metal melt-spinning furnace is used for completing a smelting process, and charging, vacuumizing or adding protective gas, heating, melting, melt-spinning and cooling are needed, and then the process is repeated, so that the temperature difference between a crucible and a pouring gate from heating to cooling is very large, and frequent change is needed. Therefore, the crucible and the pouring gate of the metal melt-spun furnace have short service lives. The whole working efficiency is lower, and a common-scale metal melt-spun furnace generally needs about 6 hours for one furnace, and is not suitable for the requirement of mass production.
Similarly, when preparing aluminum alloy and magnesium alloy plates, the problems of long time consumption, low yield, poor controllability and incapability of continuous production are also faced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a variable gap type ladle system for aluminum alloy/magnesium alloy and a preparation method thereof, which are used for solving the problems that the existing aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy strip and plate preparation process production device is complex in structure, low in production efficiency and poor in controllability and cannot realize large-scale continuous production.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a variable gap ladle system for aluminum/magnesium alloys comprising: smelting furnace, heat preservation furnace, casting ladle, quenching roller, temperature control device and liquid level control device; the smelting furnace, the heat preservation furnace and the casting ladle are sequentially communicated, the casting ladle is provided with a heating element, the bottom of the casting ladle is provided with a variable gap gate, and the quenching roller is arranged below the variable gap gate; the temperature control device comprises a temperature sensor arranged in the casting ladle and a temperature controller arranged outside the casting ladle and electrically connected with the temperature sensor and the heating element respectively; the liquid level control device comprises a liquid level sensor arranged in the casting ladle and an automatic control valve arranged between the holding furnace and the casting ladle, and the liquid level sensor is electrically connected with the automatic control valve.
According to the invention, the smelted alloy liquid is alternately collected by arranging the heat preservation furnace, so that the smelting furnace can continuously smelt, and meanwhile, the temperature and flow of the alloy liquid can be controlled by arranging the temperature control device and the liquid level control device in the casting ladle, so that the whole process can be automatically and continuously carried out, the intermittent production mode of smelting and cooling in advance in the existing production process is overcome, the large-scale production of light metal alloy strips and plates is realized, and the huge demand of the market on structural materials is met.
Compared with the existing nozzle, the variable gap type pouring gate has larger pouring size, meets the requirement of a wide quenching roller, is adjustable in size, and can adjust the flow of alloy liquid to meet different production requirements.
According to the invention, the temperature control device is arranged, the temperature sensor of the temperature control device is utilized to detect the temperature of the alloy liquid in the casting ladle in real time, and when the actual temperature deviates from the preset temperature, the heating element is controlled by the temperature controller to heat, so that the alloy liquid always maintains stable temperature in the casting process, the stable quality of the cast strip and the cast sheet is ensured, and the material loss rate is reduced.
According to the invention, the liquid level control device is arranged, and the liquid level sensor is used for detecting the liquid level of the alloy liquid in the casting ladle in real time, so that the casting ladle always has enough alloy liquid and a stable alloy liquid pressure head (the injection pressure of the alloy liquid is regulated by arranging the liquid pressure head), thereby ensuring the quality-controllable continuous production. Specifically, the invention detects the liquid level by arranging the liquid level sensor, when the detected liquid level parameter does not reach the detected liquid level, the automatic control valve is opened, alloy liquid in the heat preservation furnace is conveyed into the casting ladle, and when the liquid level reaches the detected liquid level, the automatic control valve is closed.
The "alloy liquid" referred to in the present invention is also referred to as a melt, and both are molten liquids of aluminum alloy or magnesium alloy. The invention relates to a liquid level sensor, which is also called a liquid level sensor and is used for detecting the liquid level of alloy liquid in a ladle. The temperature controller is preferably a digital display intelligent temperature controller, is convenient for a worker to operate and set the temperature, and can be a RKC REX C100-C900 temperature controller. The automatic control valve is also called an automatic regulating valve, and is used for regulating the flow of alloy liquid and automatically regulating the opening or closing of the valve according to the received signal.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the variable gap gate is a strip-shaped opening, and the ladle is provided with a flow adjusting mechanism for adjusting the opening size of the variable gap gate, and the flow adjusting mechanism includes a gate matched with the variable gap gate and a driving assembly connected with the gate and driving the gate to move.
The size of the opening of the gap-variable pouring gate is regulated by the flow regulating mechanism, so that the flow of alloy liquid is controlled, and different production requirements are met. In addition, the flow regulating mechanism is arranged on the gap type pouring gate to regulate and control the flow, so that the stable pouring gate spraying rate is ensured, and the stable strip quality is ensured. The flow rate is regulated by regulating the shielding area of the gate to the variable gap gate.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of teeth are provided at intervals along the width direction of the gate of the variable gap type, a gate gap is formed between two adjacent teeth, the teeth are abutted with a movable gate, and a gate through which molten metal flows out is formed by movement of the gate.
According to the invention, the gear is arranged at the edge of the gap-variable gate to divide the liquid cloth into a plurality of liquid belts, so that the preparation of a large amount of strips is realized. According to the invention, the plurality of gear teeth are arranged in the gap type pouring gate along the width direction of the pouring gate, the gap type pouring gate is divided into the plurality of pouring gate gaps with certain width, and alloy liquid can directly form a thin belt with the same width as the pouring gate gaps through the pouring gate gaps. The variable gap gate of the present invention can be comparable to the width of the chill roll, thereby enabling large-scale strip production. In other embodiments of the present invention, the plate may be prepared without providing the teeth.
The width of the slit gate and the chill roll mentioned above can be determined by those skilled in the art according to the actual production scale, and the present invention is not particularly limited. It should be clear that the width of the slot gate is significantly greater than the caliber of the existing nozzle 1-3 mm.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the driving assembly includes a toothed slide bar and a gear engaged with the slide bar; one end of the slide bar is connected with the gate, and the other end of the slide bar with teeth penetrates through the side wall of the casting ladle to be in gear transmission. The toothed slide bar and the gear form a gear linear mechanism for movement.
Further, in the preferred embodiment of the invention, the ladle is of a sandwich structure, the upper part of the ladle is provided with a molten liquid conveying pipe connected with the holding furnace, the top of the ladle is provided with a protective gas conveying pipe, the molten liquid conveying pipe is provided with an automatic control valve, and a heating element is arranged in the sandwich of the ladle.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ladle has an upper dimension larger than a lower dimension, and the variable gap gate is a reduced mouth with an inner diameter gradually decreasing from top to bottom.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the chill roll is a single roll or a twin roll.
The strip was prepared by a single roll and the sheet was prepared by a twin roll.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the smelting furnace includes a first smelting furnace and a second smelting furnace that are independent from each other, and the melt outlets of the first smelting furnace and the second smelting furnace are respectively communicated with the holding furnace.
The preparation method of the aluminum alloy/magnesium alloy strip and plate adopts the variable gap type casting ladle system for preparing the aluminum alloy/magnesium alloy, and comprises the following steps:
(1) Smelting aluminum alloy or magnesium alloy into alloy liquid in a smelting furnace, and then alternately conveying the alloy liquid into a heat preservation furnace for heat preservation;
(2) Opening an automatic control valve, conveying alloy liquid in the holding furnace to a casting ladle until the injected alloy liquid reaches the detection height of a liquid level sensor, and then closing the automatic control valve; meanwhile, according to the temperature parameter detected by the temperature sensor, the heating temperature of the heating element is controlled by the temperature controller, so that the alloy liquid is kept at the required heat preservation temperature;
(3) And starting the quenching roller, opening the gap-variable pouring gate, starting to prepare the strip or the plate, checking the liquid level by a liquid level sensor in the continuous production process, feeding back to an automatic control valve, and opening or closing the liquid conveying of the melt conveying pipe.
The temperature sensor detects the temperature of the alloy liquid in the casting ladle in real time and transmits the detected temperature parameter to the temperature controller, and the temperature controller controls the heating temperature of the heating element according to the received temperature parameter signal, so that the components of the alloy liquid are uniform and the temperature is stable.
The liquid level of the alloy liquid is detected by a liquid level sensor, the liquid level sensor transmits the detected liquid level parameter to an automatic control valve, and the automatic control valve is controlled to be opened or closed according to the received liquid level parameter signal so as to keep the liquid level of the casting ladle relatively stable, and the continuous production is realized by combining the alternate interaction of the smelting furnace and the heat preservation furnace.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the above preparation method further includes:
(4) The size of the gate gap of the variable gap gate is adjusted by a flow adjusting mechanism.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention adopts the gap-variable gate to replace the existing nozzle structure, solves the limitation (less yield, low efficiency and incapability of being applied to mass production in actual industry) caused by the nozzle, and has simple structure and adjustable structure through the flow adjusting mechanism.
According to the invention, the stability of the alloy liquid height in the casting ladle is realized through the liquid level sensor and the automatic control valve, so that the stability of the pressure of the liquid flowing out of the gap gate can be ensured, and the stable conveying of the flow of the alloy liquid can be ensured, thereby being applied to large-scale continuous preparation of alloy strips in the actual industry, greatly improving the production efficiency and saving the cost.
Compared with the problems of long time consumption, low yield, incapability of continuous production and the like existing in the traditional method for preparing alloy strips and plates by rapid solidification, the method can realize continuous production of alloy liquid by integrating smelting, heat preservation, strip production or plate production, has high yield, can be truly applied to mass production of actual industry, and can control and regulate the temperature difference and the alloy liquid pressure of the alloy liquid in the preparation process, effectively control the influence of the alloy liquid temperature and the alloy liquid pressure on the characteristics of the alloy liquid, and really ensure the quality of the alloy strips and the alloy plates.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the construction of a variable gap ladle system according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a partial structure of a variable gap ladle system according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of a flow rate adjusting mechanism of a variable gap ladle system according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a state diagram of a flow rate adjusting mechanism of a variable gap ladle system of embodiment 1 of the present invention closing a gap gate;
FIG. 5 is a state diagram of the flow regulating mechanism of the variable gap ladle system of embodiment 1 of the present invention opening a gap gate;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a variable gap ladle system according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
In the figure: 100-a variable gap ladle system; 10-smelting furnace; 101-a first smelting furnace; 102-a second smelting furnace; 20-a heat preservation furnace; 30-casting ladle; 301-a melt conveying pipe; 302-a shielding gas delivery tube; 303-variable slot gate; 304-gate slit; 305-gear teeth; 40-quenching roller; 501-gate; 502-slide bar; 503-gear; 601-a temperature sensor; 602-a temperature controller; 603—a liquid level sensor; 604-automatic control valve.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the drawings, the examples are illustrated for the purpose of illustrating the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, a variable gap ladle system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: smelting furnace 10, holding furnace 20, ladle 30, chill roll 40, temperature control means and level control means. The smelting furnace 10, the holding furnace 20 and the ladle 30 are communicated in sequence. The bottom of the ladle 30 is provided with a variable gap gate 303, and the chill roll 40 is disposed below the variable gap gate 303. In this embodiment, the quench roll 40 is a single roll. The temperature control device and the liquid level control device are arranged on the ladle 30 and are used for controlling the temperature and the liquid level of alloy liquid in the ladle 30.
Referring to fig. 1, a smelting furnace 10 includes a first smelting furnace 101 and a second smelting furnace 102 that are independent of each other, and melt outlets of the first smelting furnace 101 and the second smelting furnace 102 are respectively communicated with a holding furnace 20. When the alloy melting furnace works, the two melting furnaces alternately melt, so that continuous conveying of alloy liquid is ensured.
Referring to fig. 1, a holding furnace 20 is disposed between a smelting furnace 10 and a ladle 30, and is used for alternately inputting molten alloy for holding the temperature, so that the molten alloy delivered to the ladle 30 is always molten alloy qualified for smelting, and continuous production is ensured.
Referring to fig. 1, ladle 30 is positioned between holding furnace 20 and chill roll 40. The upper part of the casting ladle 30 is provided with a melt conveying pipe 301 connected with the holding furnace 20, the top of the casting ladle 30 is provided with a protective gas conveying pipe 302, and the melt conveying pipe 301 is provided with an automatic control valve 604. The bottom of the ladle 30 is provided with a variable gap gate 303. The ladle 30 has a sandwich structure, and a heating element (not shown) is arranged in the sandwich of the ladle 30. The heating element is used to heat the alloy liquid in the ladle 30 so that the alloy liquid is maintained at a stable temperature. The heating element is preferably a resistive heating coil (not shown). The upper dimension of the ladle 30 is larger than the lower dimension, and the variable gap gate 303 is a shrinkage mouth with gradually reduced inner diameter from top to bottom, so that the structural design is more beneficial to the outflow of alloy liquid. And the variable slot gate 303 is a strip-shaped opening. In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, a variable gap gate 303 is used for preparing a strip, a plurality of teeth 305 are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the variable gap gate 303, a gate gap 304 is formed between two adjacent teeth 305, and the teeth 305 intersect with a movable gate 501 to form a gate through which molten metal flows. As shown in fig. 4, in the present embodiment, both side walls of the ladle 30 in the bottom length direction thereof define the maximum length of the variable gap gate slit 304, and the bottom wall slit 304 of the ladle 30 is generally half-open. Taking the view angle shown in fig. 4 as an example, the left side wall is connected with the bottom, and the right side wall is connected with the bottom wall with the slit to form a slit-type opening. In other embodiments of the invention, no teeth may be provided, which are used to prepare the alloy sheet.
Referring to fig. 3 to 4, the ladle 30 is further provided with a flow rate adjustment mechanism corresponding to the variable gap gate 303, and the flow rate adjustment mechanism includes a gate 501 provided along a bottom longitudinal direction of the variable gap gate 303, and a driving assembly connected to the gate 501 and driving the gate 501 to move. In this embodiment, the drive assembly includes a slide bar 502 and a gear 503 disposed along the length of the gear teeth 305, respectively. The gate 501 is arranged on the gear teeth 305 and closely fits with the gear teeth 305; one end of a slide bar 502 is connected with the gate 501, and the other end of the slide bar 502 with teeth passes through the side wall of the ladle 30 to be transmitted with a gear 503, so that a gear linear mechanism is formed for movement. In the implementation, the gear 503 rotates to drive the slide rod 502 to move linearly, so as to drive the gate 501 to move, thereby adjusting the length of the gate gap 304 and controlling the flow rate and speed of molten metal. The rotation of the gear 503 may be performed by a power device, such as a motor, a hydraulic cylinder, etc., or may be manually performed, and may be adjusted according to the actual situation by those skilled in the art. Fig. 4 shows a state where the variable gap gate 303 is completely closed, and fig. 5 shows a state where the variable gap gate 303 is partially opened, and the gate 501 moves rightward, so that the gate gap 304 increases. In other embodiments of the present invention, the driving assembly may be directly driven by a motor, and the driving slide rod 502 forms a linear motion to drive the gate 501 to move to adjust the size of the slot gate 303 through the rotation of the motor driving gear 503. The drive assembly of the present invention includes, but is not limited to, the two embodiments described above, and can be modified and deformed by those skilled in the art.
Referring to fig. 1, the temperature control device includes a temperature sensor 601 disposed inside the ladle 30 and a temperature controller 602 disposed outside the ladle 30 and connected to the temperature sensor 601 and the heating element, respectively. The temperature sensor 601 detects the temperature of the alloy liquid in the ladle 30, and transmits a temperature parameter signal to the temperature controller 602, the temperature controller 602 judges according to the received signal, and when the temperature is lower than a preset temperature, the heating element is controlled to work to heat the alloy liquid until reaching a preset value, and the heating element stops working. The temperature controller 602 controls the heating of the heating element by manually setting the temperature, or automatically controlling the heating element by the temperature controller 602. The liquid level control device includes a liquid level sensor 603 provided in the ladle 30, and an automatic control valve 604 provided between the holding furnace 20 and the ladle 30, and the liquid level sensor 603 is electrically connected to the automatic control valve 604. According to the invention, the liquid level sensor 603 is arranged to detect the liquid level, when the detected liquid level parameter does not reach the detected liquid level, the automatic control valve 604 is opened, alloy liquid in the holding furnace is conveyed into the casting ladle 30, and when the liquid level reaches the detected liquid level, the automatic control valve 604 is closed. The liquid level sensor 603 is provided at a suitable position in the ladle 30, and detects the liquid level pressure to determine the height of the ladle, which is also called a liquid level sensor. Accordingly, the level sensor 603 may be disposed at a height position capable of ensuring continuous production of the alloy liquid, for example, at 1/2 of the height of the ladle 30, according to the size of the ladle 30 actually determined by those skilled in the art.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 6, a variable gap ladle system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention is substantially the same as that of embodiment 1, except that the quenching roll 40 of this embodiment is a twin roll, and other parts are the same, and the description of this embodiment is omitted. Alloy sheets were prepared by twin rolls.
As shown in fig. 6, two parallel-disposed twin rolls 40 are located below the variable gap gate 303. The two roller bodies are arranged at intervals, and the interval distance corresponds to the width of the plate. Thus, the thickness of the sheet material can be adjusted by adjusting the distance between the two roller bodies. The gap between the two rollers corresponds to the variable gap gate 303. In the view shown in fig. 6, the left roll body rotates clockwise and the right roll body rotates counterclockwise. The alloy liquid flowing between the two roller bodies is quickly condensed into an alloy plate.
In the preparation of the sheet, a water-cooled copper crystallizer may be used in addition to the above-described two-roll mode for condensation.
Example 3
The preparation method of the light metal alloy strip provided by the embodiment of the invention adopts the slit-type light metal alloy strip casting device of the embodiment for preparation, and comprises the following steps:
(1) The light metal alloy is smelted into alloy liquid in a smelting furnace 10 and then conveyed to a heat preservation furnace 20 for heat preservation, so that the components of the alloy liquid are uniform and the temperature is stable.
(2) Opening an automatic control valve 604, conveying alloy liquid in the holding furnace 20 into the ladle 30 until the injected alloy liquid reaches the detection height of a liquid level sensor 603, and then closing the automatic control valve 604; meanwhile, according to the temperature parameter detected by the temperature sensor 601, the heating temperature of the heating element is controlled by the temperature controller 602, so that the alloy liquid is kept at the required heat preservation temperature.
The level of the alloy liquid is detected by a level sensor 603, and the level sensor 603 transmits a detected level signal to an automatic control valve 604, and the automatic control valve 604 is opened or closed according to the received signal.
The temperature sensor 601 detects the temperature of the alloy liquid in the ladle 30 in real time and transmits the detected temperature parameter to the temperature controller 602, and the temperature controller 602 controls the heating temperature of the heating element according to the received temperature parameter signal.
(3) The variable gap gate 303 is opened and the chill roll 40 is started to perform melt-spun or cast slab, strip or sheet production, and in the continuous production process, the liquid level sensor 603 detects the liquid level and feeds back to the automatic control valve 604 to open or close the liquid delivery of the melt delivery pipe 301.
(4) The size of the gate slit 304 of the variable slit gate 303 is adjusted by a flow rate adjustment mechanism.
By automatically adjusting the opening or closing of the control valve 604, the relative stability of the ladle liquid level is maintained, and the continuous production is realized by combining the alternate interaction of the smelting furnace and the holding furnace.
In summary, compared with the traditional alloy strip casting device, the invention provides a slit gate to replace the existing nozzle structure, solves the limitation (less yield, low efficiency and incapability of being applied to mass production in actual industry) caused by the nozzle, and solves the problem that the existing strip casting machine nozzle can not realize large-scale preparation of alloy strips. Meanwhile, the problems of low yield, long time consumption and low efficiency of the traditional alloy melt-spinning and being unfavorable for continuous production in actual industry are solved.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and any such modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A variable gap ladle system for aluminum/magnesium alloys, comprising: a smelting furnace (10), a holding furnace (20), a ladle (30), a quenching roller (40), a temperature control device and a liquid level control device;
the smelting furnace (10), the heat preservation furnace (20) and the casting ladle (30) are sequentially communicated, the casting ladle (30) is provided with a heating element, the bottom of the casting ladle (30) is provided with a variable gap gate (303), and the quenching roller (40) is arranged below the variable gap gate (303);
the temperature control device comprises a temperature sensor (601) arranged in the casting ladle (30) and a temperature controller (602) arranged outside the casting ladle (30) and electrically connected with the temperature sensor (601) and the heating element respectively;
the liquid level control device comprises a liquid level sensor (603) arranged in the casting ladle (30) and an automatic control valve (604) arranged between the heat preservation furnace (20) and the casting ladle (30), wherein the liquid level sensor (603) is electrically connected with the automatic control valve (604);
the variable gap gate (303) is a strip-shaped opening, and the ladle (30) is provided with a flow regulating mechanism for regulating the opening size of the variable gap gate (303); the flow regulating mechanism comprises a gate (501) matched with the variable gap gate (303) and a driving assembly connected with the gate (501) and driving the gate (501) to move;
a plurality of gear teeth (305) are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the gap-variable gate (303), gate gaps (304) are formed between two adjacent gear teeth, the gear teeth (305) are in butt joint with a movable gate (501), and a gate from which molten metal flows out is formed through movement of the gate (501).
2. The variable gap ladle system for aluminum/magnesium alloys according to claim 1, wherein said drive assembly includes a toothed slide bar (502) and a gear (503) mated with said slide bar (502); one end of the sliding rod (502) is connected with the gate (501), and the other end of the sliding rod (502) with teeth penetrates through the side wall of the ladle (30) to be driven by the gear (503).
3. The gap-variable ladle system for aluminum alloy/magnesium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the ladle (30) is of a sandwich structure, a melt conveying pipe (301) connected with the holding furnace (20) is arranged at the upper part of the ladle (30), a shielding gas conveying pipe (302) is arranged at the top of the ladle (30), the automatic control valve (604) is arranged on the melt conveying pipe (301), and the heating element is arranged in the sandwich layer of the ladle (30).
4. The variable gap ladle system for aluminum alloy/magnesium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the upper dimension of the ladle (30) is larger than the lower dimension, and the variable gap gate (303) is a reduced mouth with gradually decreasing inner diameter from top to bottom.
5. The variable gap ladle system for aluminum/magnesium alloys according to claim 1, wherein said chill roll (40) is a single roll or a twin roll.
6. The variable gap ladle system for aluminum alloy/magnesium alloy according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the smelting furnace (10) includes a first smelting furnace (101) and a second smelting furnace (102) independent from each other, and melt outlets of the first smelting furnace (101) and the second smelting furnace (102) are respectively communicated with the heat-retaining furnace.
7. A method for producing aluminum alloy/magnesium alloy strips and plates, characterized in that the aluminum alloy/magnesium alloy is produced by a variable gap ladle system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
(1) Smelting aluminum alloy or magnesium alloy into alloy liquid in a smelting furnace (10), and then conveying the alloy liquid into a heat preservation furnace (20) for heat preservation, so that the components of the alloy liquid are uniform and the temperature is stable;
(2) Opening an automatic control valve (604), conveying alloy liquid in the holding furnace (20) to a casting ladle (30) until the injected alloy liquid reaches the detection height of the liquid level sensor (603), and then closing the automatic control valve (604); meanwhile, according to the temperature parameter detected (601) by the temperature sensor, the heating temperature of the heating element is controlled by the temperature controller (602), so that the alloy liquid is kept at the required heat preservation temperature;
(3) The quenching roller (40) is started, then the variable gap gate (303) is opened, the production of the strip or plate is started, and in the continuous production process, the liquid level sensor (603) detects the liquid level and feeds back to the automatic control valve (604), and the liquid delivery of the melt delivery pipe (301) is opened or closed.
8. The method of manufacturing according to claim 7, further comprising: (4) The size of a gate slit (304) of the variable slit gate (303) is adjusted by a flow rate adjusting mechanism.
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