CN111227773B

CN111227773B - Medical mouth gag for oral cavity diagnosis and treatment

Info

Publication number: CN111227773B
Application number: CN201811435205.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙国辉; 张春鑫
Original assignee: First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology
Current assignee: First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology
Priority date: 2018-11-28
Filing date: 2018-11-28
Publication date: 2022-07-22
Anticipated expiration: 2038-11-28
Also published as: CN111227773A

Abstract

The invention relates to a medical mouth gag for oral diagnosis and treatment, which comprises a tooth socket, a compression spring and an adjusting mechanism for adjusting the opening degree of the tooth socket. The tooth socket comprises an upper tooth hoop and a lower tooth hoop which are arc-shaped and are respectively hinged with the corresponding ends; adjustment mechanism includes that one end slides and sets up the bracing piece on edge under the braces along adjusting lever and the one end slip setting on the braces under of edge under last braces, compression spring sets up between adjusting lever and bracing piece and near the position of facing, the middle part of bracing piece and the one end fixed connection of connecting rod, the other end of connecting rod is connected with the middle part of adjusting lever is articulated, keep away from the position of facing one end at the adjusting lever and seted up threaded hole, adjusting screw is installed in the cooperation in the screw hole, adjusting screw's tip passes and can slide the setting on the bracing piece behind the screw hole. The invention can carry out oral cavity opening and dynamic positioning according to different oral cavity conditions of different patients, ensures the use of conventional medical equipment of medical personnel and improves the comfort level of the patients.

Description

Medical mouth gag for oral cavity diagnosis and treatment

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of auxiliary appliances for stomatological operations and correction, in particular to a medical mouth gag for oral diagnosis and treatment.

Background

The operation space of stomatology department or stomatology department is limited, so that the patient is often required to open the mouth for matching. Under the conditions that the operation or correction time is long and the control capability of facial muscles of a patient is weak, the mouth gag is required to prop open the oral cavity of the patient and the position of the mouth gag is required to be propped open by the fixator, so that the operation correction instrument can be smoothly extended into the oral cavity of the patient.

The mouth gag in the prior art is generally in a pincer shape and comprises a tooth socket capable of being opened and closed and a handle which is connected with the tooth socket and is in an X shape. The tooth socket is sleeved on the upper row of teeth and the lower row of teeth, the oral cavity of a patient is expanded by squeezing the tail end of the handle, and then the handle is positioned by the positioning mechanism so as to position the oral cavity in an expanded state. On one hand, the mouth gag has larger size, the position of the handle part is fixed, the medical equipment is easy to interfere when extending into the oral cavity, and a special medical care personnel or an operating doctor is usually required to specially leave one hand for supporting, so that the operation difficulty and the medical care cost are increased; on the other hand, because the mouth gag is fixed in position after opening, the comfort of the patient is low, and the fatigue damage of the facial musculoskeletal of the patient is easily caused.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a medical mouth gag for oral diagnosis and treatment, which can be used for carrying out oral opening and dynamic positioning according to different oral conditions of different patients, ensures the use of conventional medical equipment of medical staff and improves the comfort level of the patients.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a medical mouth gag for oral diagnosis and treatment comprises a tooth socket which can be opened and closed, a compression spring which is used for expanding the tooth socket through the elastic force generated by resetting and extending, and an adjusting mechanism which is used for adjusting the opening degree of the tooth socket by adjusting the extending amount of the compression spring; the tooth socket comprises an upper tooth hoop and a lower tooth hoop which are arc-shaped and are respectively hinged with the corresponding end parts; the guiding mechanism includes that one end slides and sets up the bracing piece on edge under the braces on adjusting lever and the one end on edge under last braces, compression spring sets up between adjusting lever and bracing piece and near the position of facing, the middle part of bracing piece and the one end fixed connection of connecting rod, the other end of connecting rod is connected with the middle part of adjusting lever is articulated, keep away from the position of facing one end at the adjusting lever and seted up threaded hole, the cooperation is installed adjusting screw in the screw hole, adjusting screw's tip passes slidable setting behind the screw hole on the bracing piece.

As a further optimization of the medical mouth gag for oral diagnosis and treatment of the invention: the end parts of the adjusting rod and the supporting rod close to the tooth socket are respectively and fixedly provided with a sliding ball, the lower edge of the upper dental hoop and the upper edge of the lower dental hoop are respectively provided with a sliding groove for the corresponding sliding ball to be installed in a matched mode and to be in sliding fit, and the wrap angle of the sliding groove to the sliding ball is larger than 180 degrees.

As a further optimization of the medical mouth gag for oral diagnosis and treatment of the invention: the adjusting rod and the supporting rod are of two foldable sections, and the folding positions of the adjusting rod and the supporting rod are respectively positioned between the compression spring and the corresponding sliding ball.

As a further optimization of the medical mouth gag for oral diagnosis and treatment of the invention: the supporting rod comprises a first supporting sub-rod provided with a connecting rod and a second supporting sub-rod connected with a sliding ball, a first rotating shaft is vertically arranged at one end, far away from the sliding ball, of the second supporting sub-rod, and a first shaft sleeve for the first rotating shaft to be in rotating fit is arranged on the first supporting sub-rod; the adjusting rod comprises a first adjusting sub-rod provided with a threaded hole and a second adjusting sub-rod connected with a sliding ball, a second rotating shaft is vertically arranged at one end, far away from the sliding ball, of the second adjusting sub-rod, and a second shaft sleeve for the second rotating shaft to be in running fit is arranged on the first adjusting sub-rod.

As a further optimization of the medical mouth gag for oral diagnosis and treatment of the invention: silica gel used for increasing sliding resistance of the sliding ball is arranged in the sliding groove, silica gel used for increasing rotating resistance of the first rotating shaft is arranged in the first shaft sleeve, and silica gel used for increasing rotating resistance of the second rotating shaft is arranged in the second shaft sleeve.

As a further optimization of the medical mouth gag for oral diagnosis and treatment of the invention: the small end of the adjusting screw is arc-shaped, and an arc-shaped groove for sliding fit of the small end of the adjusting screw is formed in the supporting rod along the length direction of the supporting rod.

As a further optimization of the medical mouth gag for oral diagnosis and treatment of the invention: spring seat rods are respectively and vertically fixed on the adjusting rod and the supporting rod, and two ends of the compression spring are respectively sleeved in the corresponding spring seat rods.

As a further optimization of the medical mouth gag for oral diagnosis and treatment of the invention: the tooth socket, the compression spring and the adjusting mechanism are all made of stainless steel materials, occlusion strips made of silica gel materials are arranged on the upper edge of the upper dental hoop and the lower edge of the lower dental hoop respectively, and occlusion grooves for occlusion of teeth are formed in the occlusion strips respectively.

Advantageous effects

The elastic force generated by the reset extension of the compression spring supports the tooth socket to open, so that the tooth socket drives the oral cavity of the patient to open, and the open of the oral cavity is in a dynamic balance state under the action of the elastic force of the spring. Under the state that the oral cavity is opened, the patient can still get intermittent rest by overcoming the elasticity of the compression spring and slightly closing the mouth, so that the bone and muscle of the jaw part can be relaxed, and the comfort of the patient is improved.

In order to solve the problems: if the elasticity of the spring is smaller, the opening effect cannot be achieved; the invention also comprises an adjusting mechanism for adjusting the extension amount of the compression spring, thereby achieving the balance between proper opening size and pain reduction of patients according to the oral conditions of different patients.

The adjusting mechanism is arranged on the tooth socket in a sliding mode, and for oral surgery and correction at different positions, interference of the adjusting mechanism after opening on medical equipment can be avoided by changing the position of the adjusting mechanism before opening. In the preferred embodiment, the adjusting rod and the supporting rod which form the adjusting mechanism are both foldable, so that the adjusting mechanism can be folded towards one side of the opposite direction of the operation or correction part, the activity space of medical equipment is further widened, the operation or correction efficiency is improved, and the operation or correction of the department of stomatology can be carried out more quickly and efficiently.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a partial cross-sectional structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic line drawing of the adjustment mechanism of the present invention in a folded state;

the labels in the figure are: 1. the tooth socket comprises a tooth socket body 101, a tooth socket groove 102, an engaging strip 103, an upper tooth hoop 104, a sliding groove 105, a lower tooth hoop 2, a compression spring 3, a supporting rod 301, a second supporting sub-rod 302, a first rotating shaft 303, a first shaft sleeve 304, a first supporting sub-rod 305, a connecting rod 306, an arc-shaped groove 4, an adjusting screw 5, an adjusting rod 501, a threaded hole 502, a first adjusting sub-rod 503, a second shaft sleeve 504, a second rotating shaft 505, a second adjusting sub-rod 6 and a sliding ball.

Detailed Description

As shown in figure 1, the medical mouth gag for oral cavity diagnosis and treatment mainly comprises a tooth socket 1, a compression spring 2 and an adjusting mechanism. Mouthpiece 1 includes upper braces 103 and lower braces 105 which may be supported on the upper and lower rows of teeth, respectively. The adjusting mechanism is connected to the tooth socket 1, the compression spring 2 is arranged on the adjusting mechanism, the upper dental brace 103 and the lower dental brace 105 are stretched by elastic potential energy generated by the resetting extension trend of the compression spring 2, and then the oral cavity of a patient is stretched to perform hand speed or correction. The adjusting mechanism is used for adjusting the maximum elongation of the compression spring 2, which helps to expand the oral cavity of the patient to a proper size and enables the patient to get rest by slightly closing the oral cavity and overcoming the elasticity of the compression spring 2.

The upper braces 103 and the lower braces 105 are both arc-shaped and are adapted to the arrangement rule of teeth, and the ends of the upper braces 103 and the lower braces 105 which are positioned in the same direction are hinged and connected through a rotatable hinge respectively, so that the upper braces 103 and the lower braces 105 can rotate relative to each other by taking the hinge as a center, and the purpose that the tooth socket 1 can be opened and closed is further achieved. The tooth socket 1 is made of stainless steel or titanium alloy materials, so that the tooth socket is convenient to clean and disinfect. In order to improve the comfort of the teeth of the patient in the operation process, occlusion strips 102 made of silica gel materials are respectively arranged on the upper edge of the upper braces 103 and the lower edge of the lower braces 105, and occlusion grooves 101 for occlusion of the teeth are respectively formed in the occlusion strips 102, so that the hard damage to the teeth in the process of opening the tooth socket 1 is avoided.

The adjusting mechanism and the compression spring 2 are also made of stainless steel materials. The adjusting mechanism comprises an adjusting rod 5 and a supporting rod 3 which are distributed in the same vertical plane, and the adjusting rod 5 and the supporting rod 3 are distributed at intervals up and down. As shown in fig. 1, a slide ball 6 is fixedly arranged at the right end of the adjusting rod 5 and the right end of the support rod 3, and a slide groove 104 is arranged at the lower edge of the upper dental brace 103 and the upper edge of the lower dental brace 105 along the arc length direction of the upper dental brace 103 or the lower dental brace 105. The two sliding balls 6 are slidably and rotatably disposed in the corresponding sliding grooves 104, so that the integral adjusting mechanism composed of the adjusting rod 5 and the supporting rod 3 can slide along the arc length direction of the mouthpiece 1 and can rotate relative to the mouthpiece 1. The initial position of the adjusting mechanism can be determined according to the oral cavity conditions of different patients, so that the interference between the medical equipment and the adjusting mechanism can be avoided to the maximum extent. The wrap angle of the sliding groove 104 to the sliding ball 6 is greater than 180 degrees, preferably 210 degrees and 260 degrees, so that the adjusting mechanism can be prevented from falling off from the tooth socket 1, and the rotation of the adjusting mechanism is not hindered.

The compression spring 2 is arranged between the adjusting rod 5 and the supporting rod 3 and close to the mouthpiece 1 (i.e. the position of the right end of the adjusting mechanism in fig. 1), and the right ends of the adjusting rod 5 and the supporting rod 3 are expanded by the elastic potential energy of compression to expand the mouthpiece 1. Spring seat rods are respectively and vertically fixedly arranged on the adjusting rod 5 and the supporting rod 3, and two ends of the compression spring 2 are respectively sleeved in the corresponding spring seat rods and are fixed with the corresponding spring seat rods, so that the compression spring 2 is prevented from collapsing out. The middle part of the support rod 3 is vertically and fixedly connected with the lower end of the connecting rod 305 at a left position, and the fixed connection mode is integral forming or welding. The upper end of the connecting rod 305 is hinged to the left of the middle of the adjusting rod 5, so that the adjusting rod 5 can rotate around the upper end of the connecting rod 305, and the extension of the compression spring 2 can be adjusted by changing the distance between the adjusting rod 5 and the left end of the supporting rod 3. A threaded hole 501 is formed in the position, far away from one end of the tooth socket 1, of the adjusting rod 5, an adjusting screw 4 with the large end upward is installed in the threaded hole 501 in a matched mode, the small end of the adjusting screw 4 is in an arc shape, and the adjusting screw can be slidably arranged in an arc-shaped groove 306 formed in the left end of the supporting rod 3 after penetrating through the threaded hole 501. Through the structure, the adjusting screw 4 is screwed upwards, the distance between the adjusting rod 5 and the left end of the supporting rod 3 is reduced, the ultimate elongation of the compression spring 2 is increased, and the opening degree of the tooth socket 1 is synchronously increased; the adjusting screw 4 is screwed downwards, the distance between the adjusting rod 5 and the left end of the supporting rod 3 is increased, the ultimate elongation of the compression spring 2 is reduced, and the opening degree of the tooth socket 1 is synchronously reduced. Thereby being convenient for medical care personnel to adjust according to the specific conditions of different patients' oral cavity conditions.

Through the cooperation of the sliding ball 6 and the sliding groove 104, the adjusting rod 5 can rotate relative to the tooth socket 1 to support the rod 3, and the interference of an adjusting mechanism on medical equipment in the operation or correction process is reduced. In order to further reduce the possibility of interference of the adjusting mechanism on medical equipment, the adjusting mechanism in the invention is two-section and foldable, and the left section of the adjusting mechanism positioned in fig. 1 can be directly folded towards the opposite direction of an operation or correction part and attached to the face of a patient, and the specific structure is as follows:

the supporting rod 3 comprises a first supporting sub-rod 304 provided with a connecting rod 305 and a second supporting sub-rod 301 connected with a sliding ball 6, the second supporting sub-rod 301 is in a hockey shape, the right end of the second supporting sub-rod is slightly upwards tilted and connected with the sliding ball 6, the left end of the second supporting sub-rod is perpendicularly provided with a first rotating shaft 302, a first shaft sleeve 303 for the first rotating shaft 302 to be in running fit with is arranged on the first supporting sub-rod 304, and the first supporting sub-rod 304 can horizontally rotate by taking the first rotating shaft 302 as the center. The adjusting rod 5 comprises a first adjusting sub-rod 502 provided with a threaded hole 501 and a second adjusting sub-rod 505 connected with a sliding ball 6, the second adjusting sub-rod 505 is shaped like a hockey stick, the right end of the second adjusting sub-rod slightly tilts downwards and is connected with the sliding ball 6, the left end of the second adjusting sub-rod is vertically provided with a second rotating shaft 504, a second sleeve 503 for the second rotating shaft 504 to be in rotating fit is arranged on the first adjusting sub-rod 502, and the second adjusting sub-rod 505 can horizontally rotate by taking the second rotating shaft 504 as the center.

As shown in fig. 2, when the operation or correction site is located at the left side of the oral cavity, the adjustment mechanism is located entirely at the right side of the mouthpiece 1. After the compression spring 2 is adjusted to a suitable elongation, the adjustment mechanism is pulled to rotate the whole of the adjustment mechanism composed of the first support sub-rod 304 and the second adjustment sub-rod 505 toward the right side to be respectively attached to the cheek parts of the patient. When the operation or correction position is at the right side of the oral cavity, the avoidance measures are reversely taken. In this embodiment, the sliding groove 104 is provided with silicone rubber for increasing the sliding resistance of the sliding ball 6, the first bushing 303 is provided with silicone rubber for increasing the rotational resistance of the first rotating shaft 302, and the second bushing 503 is provided with silicone rubber for increasing the rotational resistance of the second rotating shaft 504. The sliding of the sliding ball 6 and the over-flexible rotation of the adjusting mechanism are avoided, so that the whole structure is in a more stable state after the positioning.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A medical mouth gag for oral cavity is diagnose which characterized in that: comprises a tooth socket (1) which can be opened and closed, a compression spring (2) which is used for expanding the tooth socket (1) through the elastic force generated by resetting and extending, and an adjusting mechanism which is used for adjusting the opening degree of the tooth socket (1) through adjusting the extending amount of the compression spring (2); the tooth socket (1) comprises an upper tooth hoop (103) and a lower tooth hoop (105) which are arc-shaped and are respectively hinged with the corresponding ends; the adjusting mechanism comprises an adjusting rod (5) with one end arranged on the lower edge of the upper dental hoop (103) in a sliding manner and a supporting rod (3) with one end arranged on the upper edge of the lower dental hoop (105) in a sliding manner, a compression spring (2) is arranged between the adjusting rod (5) and the supporting rod (3) and close to the position of the dental socket (1), the middle part of the supporting rod (3) is fixedly connected with one end of a connecting rod (305), the other end of the connecting rod (305) is hinged with the middle part of the adjusting rod (5), a threaded hole (501) is formed in the position of the adjusting rod (5) far away from one end of the dental socket (1), an adjusting screw (4) is installed in the threaded hole (501) in a matching manner, and the small end of the adjusting screw (4) can be arranged on the supporting rod (3) in a sliding manner after penetrating through the threaded hole (501);

sliding balls (6) are respectively fixedly arranged at the end parts, close to the tooth socket (1), of the adjusting rod (5) and the supporting rod (3), sliding grooves (104) which are matched, installed and matched with the corresponding sliding balls (6) in a sliding mode are respectively arranged on the lower edge of the upper tooth hoop (103) and the upper edge of the lower tooth hoop (105), and the wrap angle of the sliding grooves (104) to the sliding balls (6) is larger than 180 degrees; the adjusting rod (5) and the supporting rod (3) are foldable in two sections, and the folding positions of the adjusting rod (5) and the supporting rod (3) are respectively positioned between the compression spring (2) and the corresponding sliding ball (6);

the supporting rod (3) comprises a first supporting sub-rod (304) provided with a connecting rod (305) and a second supporting sub-rod (301) connected with a sliding ball (6), a first rotating shaft (302) is vertically arranged at one end, far away from the sliding ball (6), of the second supporting sub-rod (301), and a first shaft sleeve (303) for the first rotating shaft (302) to be in running fit with is arranged on the first supporting sub-rod (304); the adjusting rod (5) comprises a first adjusting sub-rod (502) provided with a threaded hole (501) and a second adjusting sub-rod (505) connected with a sliding ball (6), a second rotating shaft (504) is vertically arranged at one end, far away from the sliding ball (6), of the second adjusting sub-rod (505), and a second shaft sleeve (503) for the second rotating shaft (504) to be in rotating fit is arranged on the first adjusting sub-rod (502);

silica gel for increasing the sliding resistance of the sliding ball (6) is arranged in the sliding groove (104), silica gel for increasing the rotating resistance of the first rotating shaft (302) is arranged in the first shaft sleeve (303), and silica gel for increasing the rotating resistance of the second rotating shaft (504) is arranged in the second shaft sleeve (503);

the small end of the adjusting screw (4) is arc-shaped, and an arc-shaped groove (306) for the sliding fit of the small end of the adjusting screw (4) is formed in the supporting rod (3) along the length direction of the supporting rod (3).

2. The medical mouth gag for oral cavity diagnosis and treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: spring seat rods are respectively and vertically fixedly arranged on the adjusting rod (5) and the supporting rod (3), and two ends of the compression spring (2) are respectively sleeved in the corresponding spring seat rods.

3. The medical mouth gag for oral cavity diagnosis and treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the tooth socket (1), the compression spring (2) and the adjusting mechanism are all made of stainless steel materials, occlusion strips (102) made of silica gel materials are arranged on the upper edge of the upper dental hoop (103) and the lower edge of the lower dental hoop (105) respectively, and occlusion grooves (101) for occlusion of teeth are formed in the occlusion strips (102) respectively.