CN111227370A - 一种石墨烯抗菌口罩及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种石墨烯抗菌口罩及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN111227370A
CN111227370A CN202010187481.7A CN202010187481A CN111227370A CN 111227370 A CN111227370 A CN 111227370A CN 202010187481 A CN202010187481 A CN 202010187481A CN 111227370 A CN111227370 A CN 111227370A
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graphene
woven fabric
mask
electrostatic spinning
woven
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王强
刘少华
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Guangzhou Kanglv Purification Technology Co ltd
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Guangzhou Kanglv Purification Technology Co ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D13/00—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches
    • A41D13/05—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches protecting only a particular body part
    • A41D13/11—Protective face masks, e.g. for surgical use, or for use in foul atmospheres
    • A41D13/1192—Protective face masks, e.g. for surgical use, or for use in foul atmospheres with antimicrobial agent
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
    • A41D31/04—Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
    • A41D31/26—Electrically protective, e.g. preventing static electricity or electric shock
    • A41D31/265—Electrically protective, e.g. preventing static electricity or electric shock using layered materials
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    • A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
    • A41D31/04—Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
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    • B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种石墨烯抗菌口罩及其制备方法，该口罩由4层石墨烯无纺布构成，最外层为石墨烯丙纶纺粘无纺布，次外层为石墨烯针刺无纺布，次内层为石墨烯静电纺无纺布，最内层为石墨烯水刺无纺布。本发明还提供了该口罩的制备方法，包含：步骤1，制备石墨烯无纺布；步骤2，对石墨烯静电纺无纺布进行处理；步骤3，将所得的各类型石墨烯无纺布按口罩结构进行铺叠裁剪成口罩形状，最后将口罩罩体按一定曲线压合，使得多层石墨烯无纺布紧密贴合，制成口罩成品。本发明制备的抗菌口罩由4层石墨烯无纺布构成，其结构能够有效过滤空气中的灰尘、细菌、花粉等颗粒物，PM2.5去除效率达到95％以上，有效保护人体健康。

Description

一种石墨烯抗菌口罩及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种抗菌口罩及其制备方法，具体地，涉及一种石墨烯抗菌口罩及其制备方法。
背景技术
石墨烯是从石墨中剥离出来的单层碳原子材料，由碳原子紧密堆积成单层二维蜂窝状晶格结构，它是人类已知的厚度最薄、质地最坚硬、导电性最好的材料。石墨烯具有优异的力学、光学和电学性质，结构非常稳定，迄今为止研究者尚未发现石墨烯中有碳原子缺失的情况，碳原子之间的链接非常柔韧，比钻石还坚硬，强度比世界上最好的钢铁还要高上100倍，如果用石墨烯制成包装袋，它将能承受大约两吨重的物品，几乎完全透明，却极为致密，不透水、不透气，即使原子尺寸最小的氦气也无法通过，导电性能好，石墨烯中电子的运动速度达到了光速的1/300，导电性超过了任何传统的导电材料，化学性质类似石墨表面，可以吸附和脱附各种原子和分子，还有抵御强酸强碱的能力。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种抗菌口罩及其制备方法，该抗菌口罩由4层石墨烯无纺布构成，其结构能够有效过滤空气中的灰尘、细菌、花粉等颗粒物，PM2.5去除效率达到95％以上，有效保护人体健康。
为了达到上述目的，本发明提供了一种石墨烯抗菌口罩，其中，所述的抗菌口罩由4层石墨烯无纺布构成，最外层为石墨烯丙纶纺粘无纺布，次外层为石墨烯针刺无纺布，次内层为石墨烯静电纺无纺布，最内层为石墨烯水刺无纺布。
上述的石墨烯抗菌口罩，其中，所述的石墨烯无纺布分别包含石墨烯聚酰胺无纺布、石墨烯涤纶无纺布、石墨烯丙纶无纺布中的任意一种。
上述的石墨烯抗菌口罩，其中，所述的石墨烯静电纺无纺布经过表面活性剂和改性剂处理，按质量百分比计表面活性剂的用量为石墨烯静电纺无纺布重量的0.1％～1％，添加剂的用量为石墨烯静电纺无纺布重量的0.1％～5％。
上述的石墨烯抗菌口罩，其中，所述的表面活性剂包含聚乙烯醇、聚乙二醇、木质素磺酸钠、聚乙烯吡络烷酮、十二烷基吡咯烷酮、十二烷基磺酸钠、甲基纤维素中的任意一种或多种。
上述的石墨烯抗菌口罩，其中，所述的添加剂包含二乙烯三胺、六偏磷酸钠、赖氨酸、硝酸铁、碱式碳酸铜、碘化钾、硫代硫酸钠中的任意一种或多种。
本发明还提供了上述的石墨烯抗菌口罩的制备方法，其中，所述的方法包含：步骤1，制备石墨烯丙纶纺粘无纺布、石墨烯针刺无纺布、石墨烯静电纺无纺布、石墨烯水刺无纺布；步骤2，对石墨烯静电纺无纺布进行处理；步骤3，将所得的各类型石墨烯无纺布按口罩结构进行铺叠裁剪成口罩形状，最后将口罩罩体按一定曲线压合，使得多层石墨烯无纺布紧密贴合，制成口罩成品。
上述的石墨烯抗菌口罩的制备方法，其中，所述的步骤1中，采用包含石墨烯聚酰胺纤维、石墨烯涤纶纤维、石墨烯丙纶纤维中的任意一种石墨烯纤维，分别制备石墨烯无纺布；石墨烯丙纶纺粘无纺布通过纺粘法制备，石墨烯针刺无纺布通过针刺法制备，石墨烯静电纺无纺布通过静电纺丝熔喷法制备，石墨烯水刺无纺布通过水刺法制备。
上述的石墨烯抗菌口罩的制备方法，其中，所述的步骤2包含：步骤2.1，将表面活性剂、改性剂加入到蒸馏水中，通过搅拌器搅拌均匀；步骤2.2，将溶液槽升温，然后将石墨烯静电纺无纺布经过溶液槽中的旋转辊，出溶液槽后经过压辊，挤压掉多余水分，最后经过烘箱干燥，最后卷绕到卷布辊中。
上述的石墨烯抗菌口罩的制备方法，其中，所述的步骤2.1中，将表面活性剂、改性剂加入到蒸馏水中，搅拌10～20分钟，所得的混合溶液中按质量百分比计，表面活性剂的含量为1％～5％，添加剂的含量为1％～10％。
上述的石墨烯抗菌口罩的制备方法，其中，所述的步骤2.2中，将溶液槽升温至50～80℃，将石墨烯静电纺无纺布经过溶液槽中的旋转辊，旋转辊转速为100转/min，无纺布在溶液槽中停留时间为5～10秒，出溶液槽后经过压辊，挤压掉多余水分，最后经过烘箱干燥，烘箱温度依次分为80～100℃、100～150℃、150～200℃三个阶段，每个阶段分别进行5～10分钟，最后卷绕到卷布辊中。
本发明提供的石墨烯抗菌口罩及其制备方法具有以下优点：
本发明基于石墨烯功能基础上，使用石墨烯无纺布制备一种石墨烯抗菌口罩，该型口罩能够有效去除室内、车内等环境中的含有的颗粒物、甲醛、苯、丙烯醛、细菌、病毒等有毒有害物质，避免有害物质吸入人体，保护人们身体健康。
本方法制备的石墨烯抗菌口罩，工艺简单易操作，成本低廉，经济效益高，适合大规模工业化生产。
具体实施方式
以下对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步地说明。
本发明提供的石墨烯抗菌口罩，该抗菌口罩由4层石墨烯无纺布构成，最外层为石墨烯丙纶纺粘无纺布，次外层为石墨烯针刺无纺布，次内层为石墨烯静电纺无纺布，最内层为石墨烯水刺无纺布。
优选地，石墨烯无纺布分别包含石墨烯聚酰胺无纺布、石墨烯涤纶无纺布、石墨烯丙纶无纺布等中的任意一种，其分别采用包含石墨烯聚酰胺纤维、石墨烯涤纶纤维、石墨烯丙纶纤维等中的任意一种石墨烯纤维制备。石墨烯聚酰胺纤维即石墨烯尼龙纤维。石墨烯纤维是在普通纤维里添加石墨烯成分制备而成的，通过在普通纤维的原料中加入石墨烯(氧化石墨烯)溶液，制备成混合纺丝液，再按照常规纤维生产加工工艺制备石墨烯纤维。按质量百分比计石墨烯(氧化石墨烯)溶液的用量为制成的石墨烯纤维总量的1％～35％。石墨烯(氧化石墨烯)溶液是将石墨烯(氧化石墨烯)粉体分散于去离子水中，其质量浓度为10％～20％，常温状态下经过搅拌和超声，制得的均匀混合的溶液。或通过在普通纤维的粉体原料里加入石墨烯(氧化石墨烯)粉，通过加热熔融，然后喷丝而成。按质量百分比计石墨烯(氧化石墨烯)粉的用量为制成的石墨烯纤维总量的0.1％～10％。
石墨烯静电纺无纺布经过表面活性剂和改性剂处理，按质量百分比计表面活性剂的用量为石墨烯静电纺无纺布重量的0.1％～1％，添加剂的用量为石墨烯静电纺无纺布重量的0.1％～5％。
表面活性剂包含聚乙烯醇、聚乙二醇、木质素磺酸钠、聚乙烯吡络烷酮、十二烷基吡咯烷酮、十二烷基磺酸钠、甲基纤维素等中的任意一种或多种。
添加剂包含二乙烯三胺、六偏磷酸钠、赖氨酸、硝酸铁、碱式碳酸铜、碘化钾、硫代硫酸钠等中的任意一种或多种。
本发明还提供了该石墨烯抗菌口罩的制备方法，其包含：步骤1，制备石墨烯丙纶纺粘无纺布、石墨烯针刺无纺布、石墨烯静电纺无纺布、石墨烯水刺无纺布；步骤2，对石墨烯静电纺无纺布进行处理；步骤3，将所得的各类型石墨烯无纺布按口罩结构进行铺叠裁剪成口罩形状，最后将口罩罩体按一定曲线压合，使得多层石墨烯无纺布紧密贴合，制成口罩成品。
步骤1中，采用包含石墨烯聚酰胺纤维、石墨烯涤纶纤维、石墨烯丙纶纤维中的任意一种石墨烯纤维，分别制备石墨烯无纺布。
石墨烯丙纶纺粘无纺布通过纺粘法制备，将聚合物挤出、拉伸，形成连续长丝后，长丝铺设成网，纤网再经过自身粘合、热粘合、化学粘合或机械加固方法，使纤网变成无纺布。
石墨烯针刺无纺布通过针刺法制备，将短纤维经过开松、梳理、铺成纤维网，然后将纤维网通过刺针加固成布，刺针有钩刺，将纤维网反复穿刺，钩带纤维加固，形成针刺无纺布。
石墨烯静电纺无纺布通过静电纺丝熔喷法制备，将原料混合熔融，聚合物溶液或熔体在强电场中进行喷射纺丝，在电场作用下，针头处的液滴会由球形变为圆锥形，并从圆锥尖端延展得到纤维细丝，然后在外部冷空气作用下冷却固化，最后将纤维收集在滚筒接收器上，形成静电纺无纺布。
石墨烯水刺无纺布通过水刺法制备，将高压微细水流喷射到一层或多层纤维网上，使纤维相互缠结在一起，从而使纤网得以加固而具备一定强力，得到的织物即为水刺无纺布。
步骤2包含：步骤2.1，将表面活性剂、改性剂加入到蒸馏水中，通过搅拌器搅拌均匀；步骤2.2，将溶液槽升温，然后将石墨烯静电纺无纺布经过溶液槽中的旋转辊，出溶液槽后经过压辊，挤压掉多余水分，最后经过烘箱干燥，最后卷绕到卷布辊中。
步骤2.1中，将表面活性剂、改性剂加入到蒸馏水中，搅拌10～20分钟，所得的混合溶液中按质量百分比计，表面活性剂的含量为1％～5％，添加剂的含量为1％～10％。
步骤2.2中，将溶液槽升温至50～80℃，将石墨烯静电纺无纺布经过溶液槽中的旋转辊，旋转辊转速为100转/min，无纺布在溶液槽中停留时间为5～10秒，出溶液槽后经过压辊，挤压掉多余水分，最后经过烘箱干燥，烘箱温度依次分为80～100℃、100～150℃、150～200℃三个阶段，每个阶段分别进行5～10分钟，最后卷绕到卷布辊中。
采用的设备均为无纺布生产行业中现有的加工设备。
下面结合实施例对本发明提供的石墨烯抗菌口罩及其制备方法做更进一步描述。
实施例1
一种石墨烯抗菌口罩，由4层石墨烯无纺布构成，最外层为石墨烯丙纶纺粘无纺布，次外层为石墨烯针刺无纺布，次内层为石墨烯静电纺无纺布，最内层为石墨烯水刺无纺布。
石墨烯无纺布分别包含石墨烯聚酰胺无纺布、石墨烯丙纶无纺布中的任意一种。
石墨烯静电纺无纺布经过表面活性剂和改性剂处理，按质量百分比计表面活性剂的用量为石墨烯静电纺无纺布重量的0.1％，添加剂的用量为石墨烯静电纺无纺布重量的0.1％。
表面活性剂包含聚乙烯醇或聚乙二醇。添加剂包含二乙烯三胺或六偏磷酸钠。
本实施例还提供了该石墨烯抗菌口罩的制备方法，其包含：
步骤1，制备石墨烯丙纶纺粘无纺布、石墨烯针刺无纺布、石墨烯静电纺无纺布、石墨烯水刺无纺布。
采用包含石墨烯聚酰胺纤维、石墨烯丙纶纤维中的任意一种石墨烯纤维，分别制备石墨烯无纺布；石墨烯丙纶纺粘无纺布通过纺粘法制备，石墨烯针刺无纺布通过针刺法制备，石墨烯静电纺无纺布通过静电纺丝熔喷法制备，石墨烯水刺无纺布通过水刺法制备。
步骤2，对石墨烯静电纺无纺布进行处理。
步骤2包含：
步骤2.1，将表面活性剂、改性剂加入到蒸馏水中，通过搅拌器搅拌均匀。搅拌时间为10～20分钟，所得的混合溶液中按质量百分比计，表面活性剂的含量为1％，添加剂的含量为1％。
步骤2.2，将溶液槽升温至50～80℃，将石墨烯静电纺无纺布经过溶液槽中的旋转辊，旋转辊转速为100转/min，无纺布在溶液槽中停留时间为5～10秒，出溶液槽后经过压辊，挤压掉多余水分，最后经过烘箱干燥，烘箱温度依次分为80～100℃、100～150℃、150～200℃三个阶段，每个阶段分别进行5～10分钟，最后卷绕到卷布辊中。
步骤3，将所得的各类型石墨烯无纺布按口罩结构进行铺叠裁剪成口罩形状，最后将口罩罩体按一定曲线压合，使得多层石墨烯无纺布紧密贴合，制成口罩成品。
实施例2
一种石墨烯抗菌口罩，由4层石墨烯无纺布构成，最外层为石墨烯丙纶纺粘无纺布，次外层为石墨烯针刺无纺布，次内层为石墨烯静电纺无纺布，最内层为石墨烯水刺无纺布。
石墨烯无纺布分别包含石墨烯涤纶无纺布、石墨烯丙纶无纺布中的任意一种。
石墨烯静电纺无纺布经过表面活性剂和改性剂处理，按质量百分比计表面活性剂的用量为石墨烯静电纺无纺布重量的0.3％，添加剂的用量为石墨烯静电纺无纺布重量的2％。
表面活性剂包含木质素磺酸钠。添加剂包赖氨酸。
本实施例还提供了该石墨烯抗菌口罩的制备方法，其包含：
步骤1，制备石墨烯丙纶纺粘无纺布、石墨烯针刺无纺布、石墨烯静电纺无纺布、石墨烯水刺无纺布。
采用包含石墨烯涤纶纤维、石墨烯丙纶纤维中的任意一种石墨烯纤维，分别制备石墨烯无纺布；石墨烯丙纶纺粘无纺布通过纺粘法制备，石墨烯针刺无纺布通过针刺法制备，石墨烯静电纺无纺布通过静电纺丝熔喷法制备，石墨烯水刺无纺布通过水刺法制备。
步骤2，对石墨烯静电纺无纺布进行处理。
步骤2包含：
步骤2.1，将表面活性剂、改性剂加入到蒸馏水中，通过搅拌器搅拌均匀。搅拌时间为10～20分钟，所得的混合溶液中按质量百分比计，表面活性剂的含量为2％，添加剂的含量为3％。
步骤2.2，将溶液槽升温至50～80℃，将石墨烯静电纺无纺布经过溶液槽中的旋转辊，旋转辊转速为100转/min，无纺布在溶液槽中停留时间为5～10秒，出溶液槽后经过压辊，挤压掉多余水分，最后经过烘箱干燥，烘箱温度依次分为80～100℃、100～150℃、150～200℃三个阶段，每个阶段分别进行5～10分钟，最后卷绕到卷布辊中。
步骤3，将所得的各类型石墨烯无纺布按口罩结构进行铺叠裁剪成口罩形状，最后将口罩罩体按一定曲线压合，使得多层石墨烯无纺布紧密贴合，制成口罩成品。
实施例3
一种石墨烯抗菌口罩，由4层石墨烯无纺布构成，最外层为石墨烯丙纶纺粘无纺布，次外层为石墨烯针刺无纺布，次内层为石墨烯静电纺无纺布，最内层为石墨烯水刺无纺布。
石墨烯无纺布分别包含石墨烯聚酰胺无纺布、石墨烯丙纶无纺布中的任意一种。
石墨烯静电纺无纺布经过表面活性剂和改性剂处理，按质量百分比计表面活性剂的用量为石墨烯静电纺无纺布重量的0.6％，添加剂的用量为石墨烯静电纺无纺布重量的3％。
表面活性剂包含聚乙烯吡络烷酮和十二烷基吡咯烷酮。添加剂包含硝酸铁或碱式碳酸铜。
本实施例还提供了该石墨烯抗菌口罩的制备方法，其包含：
步骤1，制备石墨烯丙纶纺粘无纺布、石墨烯针刺无纺布、石墨烯静电纺无纺布、石墨烯水刺无纺布。
采用包含石墨烯聚酰胺纤维、石墨烯丙纶纤维中的任意一种石墨烯纤维，分别制备石墨烯无纺布；石墨烯丙纶纺粘无纺布通过纺粘法制备，石墨烯针刺无纺布通过针刺法制备，石墨烯静电纺无纺布通过静电纺丝熔喷法制备，石墨烯水刺无纺布通过水刺法制备。
步骤2，对石墨烯静电纺无纺布进行处理。
步骤2包含：
步骤2.1，将表面活性剂、改性剂加入到蒸馏水中，通过搅拌器搅拌均匀。搅拌时间为10～20分钟，所得的混合溶液中按质量百分比计，表面活性剂的含量为3％，添加剂的含量为6％。
步骤2.2，将溶液槽升温至50～80℃，将石墨烯静电纺无纺布经过溶液槽中的旋转辊，旋转辊转速为100转/min，无纺布在溶液槽中停留时间为5～10秒，出溶液槽后经过压辊，挤压掉多余水分，最后经过烘箱干燥，烘箱温度依次分为80～100℃、100～150℃、150～200℃三个阶段，每个阶段分别进行5～10分钟，最后卷绕到卷布辊中。
步骤3，将所得的各类型石墨烯无纺布按口罩结构进行铺叠裁剪成口罩形状，最后将口罩罩体按一定曲线压合，使得多层石墨烯无纺布紧密贴合，制成口罩成品。
实施例4
一种石墨烯抗菌口罩，由4层石墨烯无纺布构成，最外层为石墨烯丙纶纺粘无纺布，次外层为石墨烯针刺无纺布，次内层为石墨烯静电纺无纺布，最内层为石墨烯水刺无纺布。
石墨烯无纺布分别包含石墨烯涤纶无纺布、石墨烯丙纶无纺布中的任意一种。
石墨烯静电纺无纺布经过表面活性剂和改性剂处理，按质量百分比计表面活性剂的用量为石墨烯静电纺无纺布重量的0.8％，添加剂的用量为石墨烯静电纺无纺布重量的4％。
表面活性剂包含十二烷基磺酸钠。添加剂包含碘化钾。
本实施例还提供了该石墨烯抗菌口罩的制备方法，其包含：
步骤1，制备石墨烯丙纶纺粘无纺布、石墨烯针刺无纺布、石墨烯静电纺无纺布、石墨烯水刺无纺布。
采用包含石墨烯涤纶纤维、石墨烯丙纶纤维中的任意一种石墨烯纤维，分别制备石墨烯无纺布；石墨烯丙纶纺粘无纺布通过纺粘法制备，石墨烯针刺无纺布通过针刺法制备，石墨烯静电纺无纺布通过静电纺丝熔喷法制备，石墨烯水刺无纺布通过水刺法制备。
步骤2，对石墨烯静电纺无纺布进行处理。
步骤2包含：
步骤2.1，将表面活性剂、改性剂加入到蒸馏水中，通过搅拌器搅拌均匀。搅拌时间为10～20分钟，所得的混合溶液中按质量百分比计，表面活性剂的含量为4％，添加剂的含量为8％。
步骤2.2，将溶液槽升温至50～80℃，将石墨烯静电纺无纺布经过溶液槽中的旋转辊，旋转辊转速为100转/min，无纺布在溶液槽中停留时间为5～10秒，出溶液槽后经过压辊，挤压掉多余水分，最后经过烘箱干燥，烘箱温度依次分为80～100℃、100～150℃、150～200℃三个阶段，每个阶段分别进行5～10分钟，最后卷绕到卷布辊中。
步骤3，将所得的各类型石墨烯无纺布按口罩结构进行铺叠裁剪成口罩形状，最后将口罩罩体按一定曲线压合，使得多层石墨烯无纺布紧密贴合，制成口罩成品。
实施例5
一种石墨烯抗菌口罩，由4层石墨烯无纺布构成，最外层为石墨烯丙纶纺粘无纺布，次外层为石墨烯针刺无纺布，次内层为石墨烯静电纺无纺布，最内层为石墨烯水刺无纺布。
石墨烯无纺布分别包含石墨烯聚酰胺无纺布、石墨烯涤纶无纺布、石墨烯丙纶无纺布中的任意一种。
石墨烯静电纺无纺布经过表面活性剂和改性剂处理，按质量百分比计表面活性剂的用量为石墨烯静电纺无纺布重量的1％，添加剂的用量为石墨烯静电纺无纺布重量的5％。
表面活性剂包含聚乙烯醇、聚乙二醇、木质素磺酸钠、聚乙烯吡络烷酮、十二烷基吡咯烷酮、十二烷基磺酸钠、甲基纤维素中的任意一种或多种。
添加剂包含二乙烯三胺、六偏磷酸钠、赖氨酸、硝酸铁、碱式碳酸铜、碘化钾、硫代硫酸钠中的任意一种或多种。
本实施例还提供了该石墨烯抗菌口罩的制备方法，其包含：
步骤1，制备石墨烯丙纶纺粘无纺布、石墨烯针刺无纺布、石墨烯静电纺无纺布、石墨烯水刺无纺布。
采用包含石墨烯聚酰胺纤维、石墨烯涤纶纤维、石墨烯丙纶纤维中的任意一种石墨烯纤维，分别制备石墨烯无纺布；石墨烯丙纶纺粘无纺布通过纺粘法制备，石墨烯针刺无纺布通过针刺法制备，石墨烯静电纺无纺布通过静电纺丝熔喷法制备，石墨烯水刺无纺布通过水刺法制备。
步骤2，对石墨烯静电纺无纺布进行处理。
步骤2包含：
步骤2.1，将表面活性剂、改性剂加入到蒸馏水中，通过搅拌器搅拌均匀。搅拌时间为10～20分钟，所得的混合溶液中按质量百分比计，表面活性剂的含量为5％，添加剂的含量为10％。
步骤2.2，将溶液槽升温至50～80℃，将石墨烯静电纺无纺布经过溶液槽中的旋转辊，旋转辊转速为100转/min，无纺布在溶液槽中停留时间为5～10秒，出溶液槽后经过压辊，挤压掉多余水分，最后经过烘箱干燥，烘箱温度依次分为80～100℃、100～150℃、150～200℃三个阶段，每个阶段分别进行5～10分钟，最后卷绕到卷布辊中。
步骤3，将所得的各类型石墨烯无纺布按口罩结构进行铺叠裁剪成口罩形状，最后将口罩罩体按一定曲线压合，使得多层石墨烯无纺布紧密贴合，制成口罩成品。
本发明提供的石墨烯抗菌口罩及其制备方法，该口罩由4层石墨烯无纺布构成，其中最外层为石墨烯丙纶纺粘无纺布，次外层为石墨烯针刺无纺布构成，次内层为石墨烯静电纺无纺布，最内层为石墨烯水刺无纺布。其中的石墨烯静电纺无纺布经过改性剂处理，不仅具备抗菌功能，同时还能够去除空气中的甲醛、异味等有毒有害气体。该口罩的结构能够有效过滤空气中的灰尘、细菌、花粉等颗粒物，PM2.5去除效率达到95％以上，有效保护人体健康。
尽管本发明的内容已经通过上述优选实施例作了详细介绍，但应当认识到上述的描述不应被认为是对本发明的限制。在本领域技术人员阅读了上述内容后，对于本发明的多种修改和替代都将是显而易见的。因此，本发明的保护范围应由所附的权利要求来限定。

Claims (10)

1.一种石墨烯抗菌口罩，其特征在于，所述的抗菌口罩由4层石墨烯无纺布构成，最外层为石墨烯丙纶纺粘无纺布，次外层为石墨烯针刺无纺布，次内层为石墨烯静电纺无纺布，最内层为石墨烯水刺无纺布。
2.如权利要求1所述的石墨烯抗菌口罩，其特征在于，所述的石墨烯无纺布分别包含石墨烯聚酰胺无纺布、石墨烯涤纶无纺布、石墨烯丙纶无纺布中的任意一种。
3.如权利要求1所述的石墨烯抗菌口罩，其特征在于，所述的石墨烯静电纺无纺布经过表面活性剂和改性剂处理，按质量百分比计表面活性剂的用量为石墨烯静电纺无纺布重量的0.1％～1％，添加剂的用量为石墨烯静电纺无纺布重量的0.1％～5％。
4.如权利要求3所述的石墨烯抗菌口罩，其特征在于，所述的表面活性剂包含聚乙烯醇、聚乙二醇、木质素磺酸钠、聚乙烯吡络烷酮、十二烷基吡咯烷酮、十二烷基磺酸钠、甲基纤维素中的任意一种或多种。
5.如权利要求3所述的石墨烯抗菌口罩，其特征在于，所述的添加剂包含二乙烯三胺、六偏磷酸钠、赖氨酸、硝酸铁、碱式碳酸铜、碘化钾、硫代硫酸钠中的任意一种或多种。
6.一种如权利要求1～5中任意一项所述的石墨烯抗菌口罩的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的方法包含：
步骤1，分别制备石墨烯丙纶纺粘无纺布、石墨烯针刺无纺布、石墨烯静电纺无纺布、石墨烯水刺无纺布；
步骤2，对石墨烯静电纺无纺布进行处理；
步骤3，将所得的各类型石墨烯无纺布按口罩结构进行铺叠裁剪成口罩形状，最后将口罩罩体按一定曲线压合，使得多层石墨烯无纺布紧密贴合，制成口罩成品。
7.如权利要求6所述的石墨烯抗菌口罩的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的步骤1中，采用包含石墨烯聚酰胺纤维、石墨烯涤纶纤维、石墨烯丙纶纤维中的任意一种石墨烯纤维，分别制备石墨烯无纺布；石墨烯丙纶纺粘无纺布通过纺粘法制备，石墨烯针刺无纺布通过针刺法制备，石墨烯静电纺无纺布通过静电纺丝熔喷法制备，石墨烯水刺无纺布通过水刺法制备。
8.如权利要求6所述的石墨烯抗菌口罩的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的步骤2包含：步骤2.1，将表面活性剂、改性剂加入到蒸馏水中，通过搅拌器搅拌均匀；步骤2.2，将溶液槽升温，然后将石墨烯静电纺无纺布经过溶液槽中的旋转辊，出溶液槽后经过压辊，挤压掉多余水分，最后经过烘箱干燥，最后卷绕到卷布辊中。
9.如权利要求8所述的石墨烯抗菌口罩的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的步骤2.1中，将表面活性剂、改性剂加入到蒸馏水中，搅拌10～20分钟，所得的混合溶液中按质量百分比计，表面活性剂的含量为1％～5％，添加剂的含量为1％～10％。
10.如权利要求8所述的石墨烯抗菌口罩的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的步骤2.2中，将溶液槽升温至50～80℃，将石墨烯静电纺无纺布经过溶液槽中的旋转辊，旋转辊转速为100转/min，无纺布在溶液槽中停留时间为5～10秒，出溶液槽后经过压辊，挤压掉多余水分，最后经过烘箱干燥，烘箱温度依次分为80～100℃、100～150℃、150～200℃三个阶段，每个阶段分别进行5～10分钟，最后卷绕到卷布辊中。
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