CN111220110A - Tower top low-frequency vibration horizontal displacement monitoring method - Google Patents
Tower top low-frequency vibration horizontal displacement monitoring method Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
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- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C9/00—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels
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- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
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Abstract
The invention discloses a tower top low-frequency vibration horizontal displacement monitoring method, which comprises the following steps: acquiring an inclination angle signal of the tower top position through an inclination angle acquisition device, and acquiring tower top vibration horizontal displacement data at the same moment through a relative vibration measurement device; solving a regression equation for the tower top inclination angle data and the horizontal displacement data acquired at the acquisition moment; and real-time horizontal displacement monitoring is realized. The invention has the following beneficial effects: according to the invention, the corresponding real-time tower top horizontal displacement value is indirectly obtained by measuring the real-time angle of the tower top, so that the difficulty of field data acquisition is greatly reduced; the calibration of the inclination angle and the horizontal displacement by using the primary relative vibration measuring device is used for replacing the monitoring of the long-distance vibration displacement outside the whole life, so that the monitoring cost is greatly reduced; the measured angle data of the standard is measured by the measured horizontal displacement data, so that the limitation of each assumed condition of theoretical calculation is broken, the effectiveness of the monitoring data is improved, and the fusion of the theoretical data and the measured data is facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wind power generation, in particular to a tower top low-frequency vibration horizontal displacement monitoring method which can monitor and alarm the horizontal displacement of a tower top in an overrun mode in real time and is low in cost.
Background
The tower top low-frequency vibration of the wind turbine generator is the main vibration of the wind turbine generator in the actual operation process, and the acceleration signal is larger than the amplitude of the speed signal and the displacement signal, so that the wind turbine generator is easy to apply in the monitoring of the wind turbine generator. An acceleration signal monitoring instrument (such as low-frequency vibration sensor products of MEMS, PCH, WP4080, LE2183 and the like) is used as one of the vibration signal sensors and is widely applied to various fields, such as bridge vibration monitoring, hydroelectric generating set monitoring and pump station and pump set equipment monitoring. Due to the particularity of the wind power technology, if the wind turbine tower is relatively weak in rigidity, the load directivity is variable, the vibration frequency is variable, and failure monitoring often occurs when acceleration signals are used for monitoring. Although the laser vibration measurement technology can be used for carrying out multiple detection on tower top vibration and obtaining operation data on the ground as the current hot door monitoring technology, the laser vibration measurement technology is difficult to popularize in the monitoring of a wind turbine generator due to high manufacturing cost.
The horizontal real-time displacement is used for checking the deflection characteristic of the tower top of the tower, is especially used as a safety index, and has great significance in fan safety protection monitoring. Therefore, the omnidirectional, multi-means, multi-side and low-cost system vibration monitoring becomes an urgent problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a tower top low-frequency vibration horizontal displacement monitoring method which can monitor the horizontal displacement of a tower top in real time and alarm for overrun and is low in cost, and aims to overcome the defects that the monitoring cost is high and the monitoring by adopting an acceleration signal is often ineffective in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a tower top low-frequency vibration horizontal displacement monitoring method comprises a main controller, an inclination angle acquisition device, a relative vibration measurement device, a signal conditioning module and an alarm circuit; the main controller is respectively and electrically connected with the inclination angle acquisition device, the opposite vibration measurement device, the signal conditioning module and the alarm circuit; the signal conditioning module is electrically connected with the inclination angle acquisition device; the method comprises the following steps:
(1-1) acquiring inclination angle data: acquiring an inclination angle signal of the tower top position through an inclination angle acquisition device, and outputting real-time inclination angle data of the tower top to a main controller;
(1-2) acquiring vibration horizontal displacement data of the tower top: acquiring tower top vibration horizontal displacement data at the same moment to a main controller through a relative vibration measuring device;
(1-3) solving a dip-displacement regression equation: carrying out regression analysis on the tower top inclination angle data and the tower top vibration horizontal displacement data obtained at the acquisition moment to obtain an inclination angle-displacement regression equation;
(1-4) real-time tower top vibration horizontal displacement monitoring: and acquiring an inclination angle signal in real time through an inclination angle acquisition device, and acquiring real-time tower top vibration horizontal displacement through an inclination angle-displacement regression equation to realize real-time monitoring of the tower top vibration horizontal displacement.
The invention obtains the inclination angle signal of the tower top position through the inclination angle collecting device, and collects the vibration horizontal displacement data of the tower top at the same moment through the relative vibration measuring device; solving a regression equation for the acquired tower top inclination angle data and the acquired tower top vibration horizontal displacement data at the acquisition moment; and realizing real-time monitoring of vibration horizontal displacement of the tower top.
Preferably, the inclination angle acquisition device comprises 2 pairs of angle sensors; 2, the angle sensors are electrically connected with the main controller; the pair of angle sensors are distributed in pairs in the main vibration positive and negative directions and the orthogonal 90-degree direction of the tower wall of the tower top of the wind turbine generator; the specific steps of the step (1-1) are as follows:
(2-1) collecting angle signals of 2-angle sensors positioned in the main vibration positive and negative directions and the direction orthogonal to 90 degrees of the tower wall of the tower top of the wind turbine generator;
and (2-2) the main controller obtains an angle signal transmitted by the angle sensor 2, and obtains real-time inclination angle data of the main vibration positive and negative directions and the orthogonal 90-degree direction of the tower top wall of the wind turbine generator.
Preferably, the specific steps of step (1-2) are as follows:
(3-1) synchronously measuring real-time tower top vibration horizontal displacement of the installation position of the inclination angle acquisition device by using a relative vibration measuring device on the ground in the main vibration positive and negative directions and the direction orthogonal to 90 degrees of the tower top wall;
and (3-2) the main controller obtains the vibration horizontal displacement data of the tower top at the same moment.
Preferably, the specific steps of step (1-3) are as follows:
(4-1) establishing a relation y between two linear variables, namely P (Xi), by using a regression model according to a collected data point set { (Xi, yi) } (i is 0,1,2,.. the., m), wherein Xi represents tower top inclination angle data at the moment i, and yi represents tower top vibration horizontal displacement data at the moment i;
(4-2) fitting a curve by the least square method to obtain the sum of squares E of errors between y and yi2Minimum, wherein, E2＝∑[p(Xi)-yi]2；
And (4-3) solving a regression equation between the inclination angle of the tower top and the horizontal displacement of the vibration of the tower top.
Preferably, the signal conditioning module comprises a signal amplifying circuit and a filter circuit; the signal amplification circuit is respectively and electrically connected with the inclination angle acquisition device and the filter circuit, and the filter circuit is electrically connected with the main controller; the specific steps of the step (1-4) are as follows:
(5-1) setting the maximum value of the vibration horizontal displacement of the tower top;
(5-2) collecting angle signals through a dip angle collecting device;
(5-3) carrying out signal amplification and filtering processing on the angle signal through a signal conditioning module, and transmitting the angle signal to a main controller;
(5-4) the main controller obtains corresponding tower top vibration horizontal displacement data according to the obtained inclination angle-displacement regression equation, and if the obtained tower top vibration horizontal displacement data are larger than the set maximum value of the tower top vibration horizontal displacement, the main controller controls an alarm circuit to give an alarm to remind related personnel of abnormality of the tower top vibration horizontal displacement data; and (5) if the obtained tower top vibration horizontal displacement data is smaller than the set maximum value of the tower top vibration horizontal displacement, switching to the step (5-2) to perform real-time online monitoring on the tower top vibration horizontal displacement data.
The regression model is used to obtain an inclination angle-displacement regression equation, and the actually measured tower top vibration horizontal displacement data is used for calibrating the actually measured angle data, so that the limitation of each assumed condition of theoretical calculation is broken, the effectiveness of monitoring data is improved, and the fusion of theoretical data and actually measured data is facilitated
Preferably, the regression model used is a univariate linear regression model.
Preferably, the opposing vibration measuring device is a laser vibration measuring device.
Therefore, the invention has the following beneficial effects: according to the invention, the corresponding real-time tower top horizontal displacement value is indirectly obtained by measuring the real-time angle of the tower top, so that the difficulty of field data acquisition is greatly reduced; the calibration of the inclination angle and the horizontal displacement by using the primary relative vibration measuring device is used for replacing the monitoring of the long-distance vibration displacement outside the whole life, so that the monitoring cost is greatly reduced; the measured angle data of the standard is measured by the measured horizontal displacement data, so that the limitation of each assumed condition of theoretical calculation is broken, the effectiveness of the monitoring data is improved, and the fusion of the theoretical data and the measured data is facilitated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a system block diagram of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flow chart of the present invention.
In the figure: the device comprises a main controller 1, an inclination angle acquisition device 2, a relative vibration measurement device 3, a signal conditioning module 4, an alarm circuit 5, an angle sensor 21, a signal amplification circuit 41 and a filter circuit 42.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described in the following detailed description with reference to the drawings in which:
the embodiment shown in fig. 1 is a method for monitoring horizontal displacement of tower top low-frequency vibration, and the monitoring device comprises a main controller 1, an inclination angle acquisition device 2, a relative vibration measurement device 3, a signal conditioning module 4 and an alarm circuit 5; the inclination angle acquisition device comprises 2 pairs of angle sensors 21; the signal conditioning module comprises a signal amplifying circuit 41 and a filter circuit 42; the pair of angle sensors are distributed in pairs in the main vibration positive and negative directions and the orthogonal 90-degree direction of the tower wall of the tower top of the wind turbine generator; the main controller is respectively and electrically connected with the 2-pair angle sensor, the opposite vibration measuring device, the filter circuit and the alarm circuit; the signal amplifying circuit is respectively and electrically connected with the 2-diagonal angle sensor and the filter circuit; the opposite vibration measuring device is a laser vibration measuring device; as shown in fig. 2, the monitoring method includes the following steps:
step 100, acquiring inclination angle data: acquiring an inclination angle signal of the tower top position through an inclination angle acquisition device, and outputting real-time inclination angle data of the tower top to a main controller;
101, collecting angle signals of 2-angle sensors positioned in the main vibration positive and negative directions and the direction orthogonal to 90 degrees of the tower wall of the tower top of the wind turbine generator;
102, acquiring 2 angle signals transmitted by an angle sensor by a main controller, and acquiring real-time inclination angle data of the main vibration positive and negative directions and the direction orthogonal to 90 degrees of the tower wall of the tower top of the wind turbine generator;
step 200, acquiring vibration horizontal displacement data of the tower top: acquiring tower top vibration horizontal displacement data at the same moment to a main controller through a laser vibration measuring device;
step 201, synchronously measuring real-time tower top vibration horizontal displacement of the installation position of the inclination angle acquisition device on the ground by using a laser vibration measurement device for the main vibration positive and negative directions and the orthogonal 90-degree direction of the tower top wall;
202, the main controller obtains vibration horizontal displacement data of the tower top at the same moment;
step 300, solving a dip-displacement regression equation: carrying out regression analysis on the tower top inclination angle data and the tower top vibration horizontal displacement data obtained at the acquisition moment to obtain an inclination angle-displacement regression equation;
step 301, establishing a relation y ═ P (Xi) between two linear variables by using a regression model according to a collected data point set { (Xi, yi) } (i ═ 0,1,2,. once.. times, m), wherein Xi represents tower top inclination angle data at a time i, and yi represents tower top vibration horizontal displacement data at the time i;
step 302, performing curve fitting by using a least square method,sum of squares E of errors between y and yi2Minimum, wherein, E2＝∑[p(Xi)-yi]2；
Step 303, solving a regression equation between the inclination angle of the tower top and the horizontal displacement of the vibration of the tower top;
step 400, real-time monitoring of vibration horizontal displacement of the tower top: acquiring an inclination angle signal in real time through an inclination angle acquisition device, and acquiring real-time tower top vibration horizontal displacement through an inclination angle-displacement regression equation to realize real-time monitoring on the tower top vibration horizontal displacement;
step 401, setting the maximum value of vibration horizontal displacement of the tower top;
step 402, collecting an angle signal through 2 pairs of angle sensors;
step 403, the angle signal is subjected to signal amplification and filtering processing through a signal conditioning module and is transmitted to a main controller;
404, the main controller obtains corresponding tower top vibration horizontal displacement data according to the obtained inclination angle-displacement regression equation, and if the obtained tower top vibration horizontal displacement data is larger than the set maximum value of the tower top vibration horizontal displacement, the main controller controls an alarm circuit to give an alarm to remind related personnel of the abnormal condition of the tower top vibration horizontal displacement data; and if the obtained tower top vibration horizontal displacement data is smaller than the set maximum value of the tower top vibration horizontal displacement, turning to step 402 to perform real-time online monitoring on the tower top vibration horizontal displacement data.
It should be understood that this example is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and such equivalents may fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A tower top low-frequency vibration horizontal displacement monitoring method is characterized by comprising a main controller (1), an inclination angle acquisition device (2), a relative vibration measurement device (3), a signal conditioning module (4) and an alarm circuit (5); the main controller is respectively and electrically connected with the inclination angle acquisition device, the opposite vibration measurement device, the signal conditioning module and the alarm circuit; the signal conditioning module is electrically connected with the inclination angle acquisition device; the method comprises the following steps:
(1-1) acquiring inclination angle data: acquiring an inclination angle signal of the tower top position through an inclination angle acquisition device, and outputting real-time inclination angle data of the tower top to a main controller;
(1-2) acquiring vibration horizontal displacement data of the tower top: acquiring tower top vibration horizontal displacement data at the same moment to a main controller through a relative vibration measuring device;
(1-3) solving a dip-displacement regression equation: carrying out regression analysis on the tower top inclination angle data and the tower top vibration horizontal displacement data obtained at the acquisition moment to obtain an inclination angle-displacement regression equation;
(1-4) real-time tower top vibration horizontal displacement monitoring: and acquiring an inclination angle signal in real time through an inclination angle acquisition device, and acquiring real-time tower top vibration horizontal displacement through an inclination angle-displacement regression equation to realize real-time monitoring of the tower top vibration horizontal displacement.
2. The tower top low frequency vibration horizontal displacement monitoring method according to claim 1, wherein the dip angle collecting device comprises 2 pairs of angle sensors (21); 2, the angle sensors are electrically connected with the main controller; the pair of angle sensors are distributed in pairs in the main vibration positive and negative directions and the orthogonal 90-degree direction of the tower wall of the tower top of the wind turbine generator; the specific steps of the step (1-1) are as follows:
(2-1) collecting angle signals of 2-angle sensors positioned in the main vibration positive and negative directions and the direction orthogonal to 90 degrees of the tower wall of the tower top of the wind turbine generator;
and (2-2) the main controller obtains an angle signal transmitted by the angle sensor 2, and obtains real-time inclination angle data of the main vibration positive and negative directions and the orthogonal 90-degree direction of the tower top wall of the wind turbine generator.
3. The tower top low-frequency vibration horizontal displacement monitoring method according to claim 1, wherein the specific steps of the step (1-2) are as follows:
(3-1) synchronously measuring real-time tower top vibration horizontal displacement of the installation position of the inclination angle acquisition device by using a relative vibration measuring device on the ground in the main vibration positive and negative directions and the direction orthogonal to 90 degrees of the tower top wall;
and (3-2) the main controller obtains the vibration horizontal displacement data of the tower top at the same moment.
4. The tower top low-frequency vibration horizontal displacement monitoring method according to claim 1, wherein the specific steps of the step (1-3) are as follows:
(4-1) establishing a relation y between two linear variables, namely P (Xi), by using a regression model according to a collected data point set { (Xi, yi) } (i is 0,1,2,.. the., m), wherein Xi represents tower top inclination angle data at the moment i, and yi represents tower top vibration horizontal displacement data at the moment i;
(4-2) fitting a curve by the least square method to obtain the sum of squares E of errors between y and yi2Minimum, wherein, E2＝∑[p(Xi)-yi]2；
And (4-3) solving a regression equation between the inclination angle of the tower top and the horizontal displacement of the vibration of the tower top.
5. The tower top low frequency vibration horizontal displacement monitoring method according to claim 1, wherein the signal conditioning module comprises a signal amplifying circuit (41) and a filtering circuit (42); the signal amplification circuit is respectively and electrically connected with the inclination angle acquisition device and the filter circuit, and the filter circuit is electrically connected with the main controller; the specific steps of the step (1-4) are as follows:
(5-1) setting the maximum value of the vibration horizontal displacement of the tower top;
(5-2) collecting angle signals through a dip angle collecting device;
(5-3) carrying out signal amplification and filtering processing on the angle signal through a signal conditioning module, and transmitting the angle signal to a main controller;
(5-4) the main controller obtains corresponding tower top vibration horizontal displacement data according to the obtained inclination angle-displacement regression equation, and if the obtained tower top vibration horizontal displacement data are larger than the set maximum value of the tower top vibration horizontal displacement, the main controller controls an alarm circuit to give an alarm to remind related personnel of abnormality of the tower top vibration horizontal displacement data; and (5) if the obtained tower top vibration horizontal displacement data is smaller than the set maximum value of the tower top vibration horizontal displacement, switching to the step (5-2) to perform real-time online monitoring on the tower top vibration horizontal displacement data.
6. The tower top low frequency vibration horizontal displacement monitoring method according to claim 4, characterized in that the regression model used is a unary linear regression model.
7. The tower top low-frequency vibration horizontal displacement monitoring method according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the relative vibration measuring device is a laser vibration measuring device.
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| CN114623923A (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2022-06-14 | 浙江运达风电股份有限公司 | Verification test system and method for tower top low-frequency vibration sensor of wind turbine generator |
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