CN111214087B - Control method, device and system of intelligent window - Google Patents
Control method, device and system of intelligent window Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47H—FURNISHINGS FOR WINDOWS OR DOORS
- A47H5/00—Devices for drawing draperies, curtains, or the like
- A47H5/02—Devices for opening and closing curtains
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
- E05F15/00—Power-operated mechanisms for wings
- E05F15/70—Power-operated mechanisms for wings with automatic actuation
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47H—FURNISHINGS FOR WINDOWS OR DOORS
- A47H5/00—Devices for drawing draperies, curtains, or the like
- A47H5/02—Devices for opening and closing curtains
- A47H2005/025—Devices for opening and closing curtains controlled by electronic sensors
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
- E05Y2900/10—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for buildings or parts thereof
- E05Y2900/13—Type of wing
- E05Y2900/148—Windows
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Abstract
The invention discloses a control method, a device and a system of an intelligent window, comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of obtaining an initial shading angle, an initial shading height and an initial windowing position of an intelligent window to be controlled, transmitting the initial shading angle, the initial shading height and the initial windowing position to a comprehensive comfort index model to obtain a target shading angle, a target shading height and a target windowing position, wherein the comprehensive comfort index model comprises: the intelligent window control system comprises a thermal comfort index, a light comfort index, an air quality comfort index and a sound comfort index, wherein each environment comfort index is constructed according to a mechanism model of the intelligent window to be controlled, and the mechanism model is related to a sun-shading angle, a sun-shading height and a window opening position of the intelligent window to be controlled; and controlling the intelligent window to be controlled according to the target sun-shading angle, the target sun-shading height and the target windowing position. According to the method, the target shading angle, the target shading height and the target windowing position are determined according to the initial shading angle, the initial shading height and the initial windowing position, and the intelligent window to be controlled is controlled under the condition of coupling multiple environmental factors.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of intelligent control, in particular to a control method, a device and a system of an intelligent window.
Background
The indoor and outdoor of the building are connected with the thermal environment, the light environment, the sound environment and the air quality of the building through a window system. Rule-based control (RBC, heuristic control) is a conventional approach and industry standard for epidermal system (window) control. RBC is based on the "IF (condition) -THEN" rule and introduces expert knowledge into the control loop. RBC relies strictly on the correct choice of rules and associated parameters and can only react to a single environment, i.e. when a certain environmental physical parameter exceeds a limit.
RBC control suffers from relevant limitations in the prediction of building behavior, since RBC is based on predefined rules, and generally cannot foresee all possible situations, although improvements can be made to the parameters (off-line simulation) and rule learning methods, control cannot solve window-to-multi-environment factor coupling, and integrated ventilation and sun-shading control is difficult to achieve, resulting in failure to give an optimized control strategy for the overall comfort of the environment.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a method, an apparatus, and a system for controlling an intelligent window, so as to solve the problem that an optimal control strategy cannot be provided for the comprehensive environmental comfort level because all possible situations cannot be generally predicted because the existing control process of the intelligent window is based on predefined rules, and even though parameters (off-line simulation) and a rule learning method can be improved, the window cannot be coupled to multiple environmental factors, and ventilation and sun-shading integrated control is difficult to achieve. The specific scheme is as follows:
a method of controlling a smart window, comprising:
acquiring an initial shading angle, an initial shading height and an initial windowing position of an intelligent window to be controlled;
transmitting the initial shading angle, the initial shading height and the initial windowing position to a comprehensive comfort index model to obtain a target shading angle, a target shading height and a target windowing position of the intelligent window to be controlled, wherein the comprehensive comfort index model comprises: the intelligent window control system comprises a thermal comfort index, a light comfort index, an air quality comfort index and an acoustic comfort index, wherein the thermal comfort index, the light comfort index, the air quality comfort index and the acoustic comfort index are constructed according to an intelligent window mechanism model to be controlled, and the mechanism model comprises: the intelligent window control system comprises a thermal environment model, a light environment model, an air quality model and a sound environment model, wherein the mechanism model is related to the sun-shading angle, the sun-shading height and the window opening position of the intelligent window to be controlled;
and controlling the intelligent window to be controlled according to the target sun-shading angle, the target sun-shading height and the target windowing position.
Optionally, the above method, where the thermal comfort index, the light comfort index, the air quality comfort index, and the acoustic comfort index are constructed according to the mechanism model of the intelligent window to be controlled, includes:
acquiring an environmental parameter;
inputting the environmental parameters, the initial sunshade angle, the initial sunshade height and the initial windowing location to the thermal environment model, the light environment model, the air quality model and the acoustic environment model;
and determining a thermal comfort index, a light comfort index, an air quality comfort index and a sound comfort index according to the thermal environment model, the light environment model, the air quality model and the sound environment model.
Optionally, the above method, transferring the initial sunshade angle, the initial sunshade height, and the initial windowing position to a comprehensive comfort index model to obtain a target sunshade angle, a target sunshade height, and a target windowing position of the smart window to be controlled, includes:
a second determining unit, configured to optimize the thermal comfort index, the light comfort index, the air quality comfort index, and the acoustic comfort index in the integrated comfort index model according to a preset optimization algorithm, and determine a target thermal comfort index, a target light comfort index, a target air quality comfort index, and a target acoustic comfort index;
determining the target sun-shading angle, the target sun-shading height and the target windowing position according to the target thermal comfort index, the target light comfort index, the target air quality comfort index and the target sound comfort index.
A control device of a smart window, comprising:
the system comprises an acquisition module, a control module and a display module, wherein the acquisition module is used for acquiring an initial sunshade angle, an initial sunshade height and an initial windowing position of an intelligent window to be controlled;
a calculating module, configured to transmit the initial sunshade angle, the initial sunshade height, and the initial windowing position to a comprehensive comfort index model to obtain a target sunshade angle, a target sunshade height, and a target windowing position of the smart window to be controlled, where the comprehensive comfort index model includes: the intelligent window control system comprises a thermal comfort index, a light comfort index, an air quality comfort index and an acoustic comfort index, wherein the thermal comfort index, the light comfort index, the air quality comfort index and the acoustic comfort index are constructed according to an intelligent window mechanism model to be controlled, and the mechanism model comprises: the intelligent window control system comprises a thermal environment model, a light environment model, an air quality model and a sound environment model, wherein the mechanism model is related to the sun-shading angle, the sun-shading height and the window opening position of the intelligent window to be controlled;
and the control module is used for controlling the intelligent window to be controlled according to the target shading angle, the target shading height and the target windowing position.
Optionally, the above apparatus, where the thermal comfort index, the light comfort index, the air quality comfort index, and the acoustic comfort index in the calculation module are constructed according to the mechanism model of the intelligent window to be controlled, includes:
an acquisition unit for acquiring an environmental parameter;
an input unit for inputting the environmental parameter, the initial sunshade angle, the initial sunshade height, and the initial windowing position to the thermal environment model, the light environment model, the air quality model, and the acoustic environment model;
the first determining unit is used for determining a thermal comfort index, a light comfort index, an air quality comfort index and a sound comfort index according to the thermal environment model, the light environment model, the air quality model and the sound environment model.
The above apparatus, optionally, the calculating module includes:
a second determining unit, configured to optimize the thermal comfort index, the light comfort index, the air quality comfort index, and the acoustic comfort index in the integrated comfort index model according to a preset optimization algorithm, and determine a target thermal comfort index, a target light comfort index, a target air quality comfort index, and a target acoustic comfort index;
a third determining unit, configured to determine the target sun-shading angle, the target sun-shading height, and the target windowing position according to the target thermal comfort index, the target light comfort index, the target air quality comfort index, and the target acoustic comfort index.
A control system for a smart window, comprising: a sensor, a controller, and an actuator, wherein:
the sensor is used for acquiring the environmental parameters and the windowing position of the intelligent window to be controlled and transmitting the environmental parameters and the windowing position to the controller;
the controller is used for acquiring an initial sun-shading angle and an initial sun-shading height, determining the target sun-shading angle, the target sun-shading height and the target windowing position according to the initial sun-shading angle, the initial sun-shading height, the initial windowing position and the environmental parameters, and transmitting the target sun-shading angle, the target sun-shading height and the target windowing position to the actuator;
and the actuator is used for controlling the intelligent window to be controlled according to the target shading angle, the target shading height and the target windowing position.
The above system, optionally, the sensor comprises: indoor environmental parameter sensor, outdoor environmental parameter sensor and stay cord sensor, wherein:
the indoor environmental parameter sensor: the system is used for collecting indoor environment parameters;
the outdoor environment parameter sensor is used for acquiring outdoor environment parameters;
and the pull rope sensor is used for acquiring the windowing position.
The above system, optionally, the controller includes: sunshade screen controller, sensor integrator, PLC controller and terminal, wherein:
the sunshade curtain controller is used for acquiring the initial sunshade angle and the initial sunshade height and controlling the sunshade curtain of the intelligent window to be controlled according to the target sunshade angle and the target sunshade height;
the sensor integrator is used for collecting the environmental parameters collected by the indoor environmental parameter sensor and the outdoor parameter sensor;
the PLC is used for receiving the initial windowing position and controlling the intelligent window to be controlled according to the target windowing position;
and the terminal is used for transmitting the initial shading angle, the initial shading height and the initial windowing position to a comprehensive comfort index model to obtain a target shading angle, a target shading height and a target windowing position of the intelligent window to be controlled.
The above system, optionally, the actuator comprises: sunshade screen motor, current drive and electronic machine of windowing, wherein:
the sunshade curtain motor is used for controlling the sunshade curtain of the intelligent window to be controlled according to the target sunshade angle and the target sunshade height;
the current driver is used for determining a driving current according to the target windowing position;
the electric window opener; and the electric window opener is used for controlling the intelligent window to be controlled according to the driving current.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the invention discloses a control method, a device and a system of an intelligent window, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring an initial shading angle, an initial shading height and an initial windowing position of an intelligent window to be controlled; transmitting the initial shading angle, the initial shading height and the initial windowing position to a comprehensive comfort index model to obtain a target shading angle, a target shading height and a target windowing position of the intelligent window to be controlled, wherein the comprehensive comfort index model comprises: the intelligent window control system comprises a thermal comfort index, a light comfort index, an air quality comfort index and an acoustic comfort index, wherein the thermal comfort index, the light comfort index, the air quality comfort index and the acoustic comfort index are constructed according to an intelligent window mechanism model to be controlled, and the mechanism model comprises: the intelligent window control system comprises a thermal environment model, a light environment model, an air quality model and a sound environment model, wherein the mechanism model is related to the sun-shading angle, the sun-shading height and the window opening position of the intelligent window to be controlled; and controlling the intelligent window to be controlled according to the target sun-shading angle, the target sun-shading height and the target windowing position. According to the method, the target sun-shading angle, the target sun-shading height and the target windowing position are determined after the optimization of multiple environments of sound, light, heat and air quality is carried out according to the initial sun-shading angle, the initial sun-shading height and the initial windowing position, and the control of the intelligent window to be controlled is realized under the condition of coupling of multiple environmental factors.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a control system of an intelligent window disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a control method for an intelligent window disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a block diagram of a structure of a control device of an intelligent window according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
The invention discloses a control method, a device and a system of an intelligent window, which are applied to the control process of the intelligent window, in the prior art, the intelligent window is controlled based on RBC, because the RBC is based on a predefined rule, all possible situations can not be generally foreseen, although a parameter (off-line simulation) and rule learning method can be improved, the problem that the window is coupled with multiple environmental factors cannot be solved, ventilation and sunshade integrated control is difficult to realize, and an optimal control strategy cannot be given for the comprehensive environmental comfort level is solved, therefore, the invention provides an intelligent window control system, the structural block diagram of which is shown in figure 1, and the intelligent window control system comprises the following steps: a sensor, a controller, and an actuator, wherein:
the sensor is used for acquiring the environmental parameters and the windowing position of the intelligent window to be controlled and transmitting the environmental parameters and the windowing position to the controller;
in the embodiment of the invention, the windowing position is collected by a pull rope sensor, and the environmental parameters comprise: indoor environmental parameters and outdoor environmental parameters, the indoor environmental parameters include indoor air temperature, indoor air humidity, black ball temperature, indoor wind speed, indoor carbon dioxide concentration, indoor illuminance, indoor sound pressure level and the like, the indoor environmental parameters are collected by an indoor environmental parameter sensor, wherein the indoor environmental parameter sensor comprises: the system comprises an air temperature sensor, a black ball temperature sensor, a relative humidity sensor, a wind speed sensor, a carbon dioxide sensor, an illumination sensor, a sound pressure level sensor and the like.
The outdoor environment parameters include: outdoor air temperature, outdoor relative humidity. Solar radiation value, outdoor wind speed, outdoor wind direction, outdoor carbon dioxide concentration, outdoor illuminance and outdoor sound pressure level etc. outdoor environment parameter is gathered by outdoor environment parameter sensor, outdoor environment parameter sensor includes: the system comprises an air temperature sensor, a relative humidity sensor, a solar radiation sensor, a wind speed sensor, a wind direction sensor, a carbon dioxide concentration sensor, an illumination sensor, a sound pressure level sensor and the like.
And after the collection is finished, transmitting the environmental parameters and the windowing position to the controller.
The controller is used for acquiring an initial sun-shading angle and an initial sun-shading height, determining the target sun-shading angle, the target sun-shading height and the target windowing position according to the initial sun-shading angle, the initial sun-shading height, the initial windowing position and the environmental parameters, and transmitting the target sun-shading angle, the target sun-shading height and the target windowing position to the actuator;
in an embodiment of the present invention, the controller includes: sunshade screen controller, sensor integrator, PLC controller and terminal, wherein: the sunshade curtain controller is used for acquiring the initial sunshade angle and the initial sunshade height and controlling the sunshade curtain of the intelligent window to be controlled according to the target sunshade angle and the target sunshade height, and the sensor integrator is used for collecting the environmental parameters acquired by the indoor environmental parameter sensor and the outdoor parameter sensor; the PLC controller is used for receiving the initial windowing position and controlling the intelligent window to be controlled according to the target windowing position, wherein the PLC controller comprises: the system comprises a first controller module and a second controller module, wherein the first controller module is responsible for processing signals of a pull rope sensor and transmitting an initial windowing position to a terminal, the second controller module receives a target windowing position sent by the terminal and controls a current driver of the window opener according to the target windowing position, and then the PLC controller controls the electric window opener to rotate forwards or backwards by controlling the current driver to output forward or reverse current so as to realize the window opening and closing function; and the terminal is used for transmitting the initial shading angle, the initial shading height and the initial windowing position to a comprehensive comfort index model to obtain a target shading angle, a target shading height and a target windowing position of the intelligent window to be controlled.
And the actuator is used for controlling the intelligent window to be controlled according to the target shading angle, the target shading height and the target windowing position.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the actuator includes: sunshade screen motor, current drive and electronic machine of windowing, wherein: the sunshade curtain motor is used for controlling the sunshade curtain of the intelligent window to be controlled according to the target sunshade angle and the target sunshade height; the current driver is used for determining a driving current according to the target window opening position and controlling the electric window opener to rotate forwards or reversely according to the driving current source so as to realize the window opening and closing function; the electric window opener; and the electric window opener is used for controlling the intelligent window to be controlled according to the driving current.
Based on the above control system for an intelligent window, an embodiment of the present invention provides a control method for an intelligent window, where the control method determines a target sunshade angle, a target sunshade height, and a target windowing position of an intelligent window to be controlled based on a comprehensive comfort index model, and an execution flow of the control method is shown in fig. 2, and includes the steps of:
s101, acquiring an initial sunshade angle, an initial sunshade height and an initial windowing position of an intelligent window to be controlled;
in the embodiment of the invention, the initial window opening position of the intelligent window to be controlled is obtained according to the pull rope sensor, and the initial sun-shading angle and the initial sun-shading height are obtained according to the sun-shading curtain controller.
S102, transmitting the initial shading angle, the initial shading height and the initial windowing position to a comprehensive comfort index model to obtain a target shading angle, a target shading height and a target windowing position of the intelligent window to be controlled, wherein the comprehensive comfort index model comprises: the intelligent window control system comprises a thermal comfort index, a light comfort index, an air quality comfort index and an acoustic comfort index, wherein the thermal comfort index, the light comfort index, the air quality comfort index and the acoustic comfort index are constructed according to an intelligent window mechanism model to be controlled, and the mechanism model comprises: the intelligent window control system comprises a thermal environment model, a light environment model, an air quality model and a sound environment model, wherein the mechanism model is related to the sun-shading angle, the sun-shading height and the window opening position of the intelligent window to be controlled;
in the embodiment of the present invention, the initial shading angle, the initial shading height and the initial windowing position are transferred to a comprehensive comfort index model to obtain a target shading angle, a target shading height and a target windowing position of the intelligent window to be controlled, and the comprehensive comfort index model includes: the intelligent window control system comprises a thermal comfort index, a light comfort index, an air quality comfort index and an acoustic comfort index, wherein the thermal comfort index, the light comfort index, the air quality comfort index and the acoustic comfort index are constructed according to an intelligent window mechanism model to be controlled, and the mechanism model comprises: the comprehensive comfort degree index model is used for realizing optimal comprehensive comfort degree, and comprises the following steps:
IEQindex＝x1×TCindex+x2×IAQindex+x3×ACindex+x4×Lindex (1)
in the formula (1), IEQindexIs a composite comfort index; TC (tungsten carbide)indexIs a thermal comfort index as a function of temperature; IAQindexIs an air quality comfort index as a function of carbon dioxide concentration; ACindexIs an acoustic comfort index as a function of sound pressure level; l isindexIs a light comfort index as a function of illumination; x is the number of1，x2，x3，x4Are respectively divided into various partsComfort is a proportion of the overall comfort, where x1，x2，x3，x4Determined empirically, in the present example for x1，x2，x3，x4The specific values are not limited.
For light comfort index LindexThe calculation process is as follows:
Lindex＝-176.16X2+738.4X-690.29 (2)
wherein X ═ ln (lux)) ] (3)
In the formula (2), lux is the illuminance of the working surface.
The light environment model of the intelligent window to be controlled represents the relation between the natural illuminance (lx) of the indoor working surface and the sun-shading angle, the sun-shading height and the windowing position, and comprises the following steps:
Ein＝Eout·SF·Στi·ωi (4)
ωi＝f(θ,ε) (5)
τi＝f(β) (6)
in the formula (4), EinNatural illuminance (lx) of the indoor working face; SF is a daylight factor; omegaiIs the area percentage of the ith part of the window; tau isiIs the visible light transmission of the i-th part of the window. Wherein SF is determined from the initial conditions.
In the formula (5), theta is a window opening angle; epsilon is the height percentage of the sun shade falling.
In the formula (6), β is a louver angle.
And acquiring the illumination of the working surface according to the indoor illumination sensor, wherein the illumination of the working surface is the artificial illumination plus the natural illumination of the indoor working surface, and establishing the relationship between the light comfort index and the sun-shading angle, the sun-shading height and the windowing position according to the corresponding relationship.
IAQ for air quality comfort indexindexThe calculation process is as follows:
IAQindex＝100-PDIAQ (7)
in formula (7), PDIAQAn unsatisfactory percentage of air quality;
in the formula (8), the reaction mixture is,
the concentration of CO2 indoor is higher than that outdoor, namely the difference (ppm) of the concentration of indoor and outdoor CO 2;
c in the air quality model of the intelligent window to be controlled is the relation between the carbon dioxide concentration (ppm) at indoor t moment and the sun-shading angle, the sun-shading height and the window opening position, and the air quality model is as follows:
Aeff＝f(β,ε,θ) (12)
in the formula (9), C is the carbon dioxide concentration (ppm) at the indoor time t; coutOutdoor carbon dioxide concentration (ppm); cinIndoor carbon dioxide concentration (ppm); g is the air volume ventilation through the window (m 3/s); p is indoor carbon dioxide release rate (ml/s); v is the room volume (m)3)。
In the formula (10), cdIs the flow coefficient; Δ p is the window internal and external differential pressure (Pa); rho is gas density (Kg/m)3)；AeffFor ventilating effective area (m)3)。
In the formula (11), n represents the number of indoor people;
is a personThe rate (l/s) at which CO2 is produced by body metabolism.
Obtaining the outdoor carbon dioxide concentration at the moment t according to the outdoor carbon dioxide concentration sensor, wherein the outdoor carbon dioxide concentration at the moment
And establishing the relationship between the air quality comfort index and the sun-shading angle, the sun-shading height and the windowing position according to the relationship.
To, thermal comfort index TCindexThe calculation process is as follows:
TCindex＝100-PPDTC (13)
PPDTC＝100-95×exp(-0.03353×PMV4-0.2179×PMV2) (14)
PMV＝f(T) (15)
in the formula (13), PPDTCUnsatisfactory percentage for thermal comfort.
In the formula (14), PMV is an average predicted thermal sensation index.
In the formula (15), T is temperature, and the relationship between PMV and T corresponds to a corresponding calculation mode according to different climatic regions, building types and the like.
The thermal environment model of the intelligent window to be controlled represents the relationship between the temperature T and the sunshade angle, the sunshade height and the windowing position, and the thermal environment model comprises the following steps:
Ai＝ωi·H·W (17)
gi＝f(β) (18)
in formula (16), T is temperature; crIs the room heat capacity (kJ/K); c. CpSpecific heat capacity (kJ/(Kg × K)); u shapeiFor each part of the window the heat transfer coefficient (W/(m)2 K))；ToutIs the outdoor temperature (K); t isinIs the room temperature (K); a. theiAs windowsArea of the ith part (m)2)；giIs the solar energy transmission ratio of the i-th part of the window; i is solar irradiance (W/m)2)。
In the formula (17), H is the window height; w is the window width.
And establishing the relationship between the thermal comfort index and the sun-shading angle, the sun-shading height and the windowing position according to the relationship.
For acoustic comfort index ACindexThe calculation process is as follows:
in the formula (19), the compound represented by the formula (I),
for an unsatisfactory percentage of the acoustic environment,
in the formula (20), LAtAdjusting indoor sound pressure level (dB), D behind windowSSound pressure levels (dB) are required for specification.
Wherein, the indoor sound pressure level L after the window is adjusted in the sound environment model of the intelligent window to be controlledAtIn relation to the sunshade angle, sunshade height and windowing position, the acoustic environment model is as follows:
LAt＝LA0-(Rw,t-Rw,0) (21)
Ai＝f(θ) (24)
in the formula (21), LAtFor adjustingIndoor sound pressure level (dB) behind the entire window; l isA0Adjusting the initial indoor sound pressure level (dB) in front of the window; rw,tAdjusting the sound insulation (dB) of the combined wall behind the window; rw,0And adjusting the sound insulation amount (dB) of the combined wall in front of the window.
Formula (22) is the sound insulation R of the combined wallwIs calculated bysSound transmission coefficient.
In the formula (23), AwTo remove the area of the window part wall (m)2)；AiIs the area of each part (m) of the window2)At the moment, the area is divided only according to the windowing; tau iss,iSound transmission coefficient of i-th part of window; tau iswIs the sound transmission coefficient of the wall.
And establishing the relationship between the acoustic comfort index and the sun-shading angle, the sun-shading height and the windowing position according to the relationship.
Therefore, the relationship between the comprehensive comfort index and the sun shading angle, the sun shading height and the window opening angle is established. And optimizing the comprehensive comfort index model, wherein the optimization algorithm selects a better model input according to the environmental response parameters to obtain a better model output.
Different optimization algorithms adopt different optimization modes, and the selection of the specific optimization algorithm in the embodiment of the invention is not limited, such as a genetic optimization algorithm, a simulated annealing algorithm and a particle swarm optimization algorithm.
And repeating the steps until a target thermal comfort index, a target light comfort index, a target air quality comfort index and a target sound comfort index are determined, so that the comprehensive comfort of the indoor environment is optimal (namely the comfort index is maximum), and the target sun-shading angle, the target sun-shading height and the target windowing position are obtained.
S103, controlling the intelligent window to be controlled according to the target shading angle, the target shading height and the target windowing position.
In the embodiment of the invention, the sun-shading angle and the sun-shading height of the intelligent window to be controlled for book searching are controlled according to the target sun-shading angle and the target sun-shading height, and the windowing position of the intelligent window to be controlled is controlled according to the target windowing position, wherein the target windowing position can be an offset angle from the initial windowing position.
The invention discloses a control method of an intelligent window, which comprises the following steps: acquiring an initial shading angle, an initial shading height and an initial windowing position of an intelligent window to be controlled; transmitting the initial shading angle, the initial shading height and the initial windowing position to a comprehensive comfort index model to obtain a target shading angle, a target shading height and a target windowing position of the intelligent window to be controlled, wherein the comprehensive comfort index model comprises: the intelligent window control system comprises a thermal comfort index, a light comfort index, an air quality comfort index and an acoustic comfort index, wherein the thermal comfort index, the light comfort index, the air quality comfort index and the acoustic comfort index are constructed according to an intelligent window mechanism model to be controlled, and the mechanism model comprises: the intelligent window control system comprises a thermal environment model, a light environment model, an air quality model and a sound environment model, wherein the mechanism model is related to the sun-shading angle, the sun-shading height and the window opening position of the intelligent window to be controlled; and controlling the intelligent window to be controlled according to the target sun-shading angle, the target sun-shading height and the target windowing position. According to the method, the target shading angle, the target shading height and the target windowing position are determined according to the initial shading angle, the initial shading height and the initial windowing position, and the intelligent window to be controlled is controlled under the condition of coupling multiple environmental factors.
Based on the foregoing control method for an intelligent window, an embodiment of the present invention provides a control apparatus for an intelligent window, where a structural block diagram of the control apparatus is shown in fig. 3, and the control apparatus includes:
an acquisition module 201, a calculation module 202 and a control module 203.
Wherein,
the obtaining module 201 is configured to obtain an initial sunshade angle, an initial sunshade height, and an initial windowing position of the smart window to be controlled;
the calculating module 202 is configured to transmit the initial sunshade angle, the initial sunshade height, and the initial windowing position to a comprehensive comfort index model to obtain a target sunshade angle, a target sunshade height, and a target windowing position of the smart window to be controlled, where the comprehensive comfort index model includes: the intelligent window control system comprises a thermal comfort index, a light comfort index, an air quality comfort index and an acoustic comfort index, wherein the thermal comfort index, the light comfort index, the air quality comfort index and the acoustic comfort index are constructed according to an intelligent window mechanism model to be controlled, and the mechanism model comprises: the intelligent window control system comprises a thermal environment model, a light environment model, an air quality model and a sound environment model, wherein the mechanism model is related to the sun-shading angle, the sun-shading height and the window opening position of the intelligent window to be controlled;
the control module 203 is configured to control the smart window to be controlled according to the target shading angle, the target shading height, and the target windowing position.
The invention discloses a control device of an intelligent window, which comprises: acquiring an initial shading angle, an initial shading height and an initial windowing position of an intelligent window to be controlled; transmitting the initial shading angle, the initial shading height and the initial windowing position to a comprehensive comfort index model to obtain a target shading angle, a target shading height and a target windowing position of the intelligent window to be controlled, wherein the comprehensive comfort index model comprises: the intelligent window control system comprises a thermal comfort index, a light comfort index, an air quality comfort index and an acoustic comfort index, wherein the thermal comfort index, the light comfort index, the air quality comfort index and the acoustic comfort index are constructed according to an intelligent window mechanism model to be controlled, and the mechanism model comprises: the intelligent window control system comprises a thermal environment model, a light environment model, an air quality model and a sound environment model, wherein the mechanism model is related to the sun-shading angle, the sun-shading height and the window opening position of the intelligent window to be controlled; and controlling the intelligent window to be controlled according to the target sun-shading angle, the target sun-shading height and the target windowing position. According to the device, the target sunshade angle, the target sunshade height and the target windowing position are determined according to the initial sunshade angle, the initial sunshade height and the initial windowing position, and the intelligent window to be controlled is controlled under the condition of coupling multiple environmental factors.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the building of the thermal comfort index, the optical comfort index, the air quality comfort index, and the acoustic comfort index in the calculation module 202 according to the mechanism model of the intelligent window to be controlled includes:
an acquisition unit 204, an input unit 205, and a first determination unit 206.
Wherein,
the obtaining unit 204 is configured to obtain an environmental parameter;
the input unit 205 is configured to input the environmental parameter, the initial sunshade angle, the initial sunshade height, and the initial windowing position into the thermal environment model, the light environment model, the air quality model, and the acoustic environment model;
the first determining unit 206 is configured to determine a thermal comfort index, a light comfort index, an air quality comfort index, and an acoustic comfort index according to the thermal environment model, the light environment model, the air quality model, and the acoustic environment model.
In this embodiment of the present invention, the calculating module 202 includes:
a second determination unit 207 and a third determination unit 208.
Wherein,
the second determining unit 207 is configured to optimize the thermal comfort index, the light comfort index, the air quality comfort index, and the acoustic comfort index in the integrated comfort index model according to a preset optimization algorithm, and determine a target thermal comfort index, a target light comfort index, a target air quality comfort index, and a target acoustic comfort index;
the third determining unit 208 is configured to determine the target sun-shading angle, the target sun-shading height, and the target windowing position according to the target thermal comfort index, the target light comfort index, the target air quality comfort index, and the target acoustic comfort index.
It should be noted that, in the present specification, the embodiments are all described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments may be referred to each other. For the device-like embodiment, since it is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is simple, and for the relevant points, reference may be made to the partial description of the method embodiment.
Finally, it should also be noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
For convenience of description, the above devices are described as being divided into various units by function, and are described separately. Of course, the functions of the units may be implemented in the same software and/or hardware or in a plurality of software and/or hardware when implementing the invention.
From the above description of the embodiments, it is clear to those skilled in the art that the present invention can be implemented by software plus necessary general hardware platform. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which may be stored in a storage medium, such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the method according to the embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.
The method, the device and the system for controlling the smart window provided by the invention are described in detail, a specific example is applied in the text to explain the principle and the implementation of the invention, and the description of the above embodiment is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A control method of a smart window is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring an initial shading angle, an initial shading height and an initial windowing position of an intelligent window to be controlled;
transmitting the initial shading angle, the initial shading height and the initial windowing position to a comprehensive comfort index model to obtain a target shading angle, a target shading height and a target windowing position of the intelligent window to be controlled, wherein the comprehensive comfort index model comprises: the intelligent window control system comprises a thermal comfort index, a light comfort index, an air quality comfort index and an acoustic comfort index, wherein the thermal comfort index, the light comfort index, the air quality comfort index and the acoustic comfort index are constructed according to an intelligent window mechanism model to be controlled, and the mechanism model comprises: the intelligent window control system comprises a thermal environment model, a light environment model, an air quality model and a sound environment model, wherein the mechanism model is related to the sun-shading angle, the sun-shading height and the window opening position of the intelligent window to be controlled; wherein the comprehensive comfort index model is:
IEQindex＝x1×TCindex+x2×IAQindex+x3×ACindex+x4×Lindex
wherein, IEQindexIs a composite comfort index; TC (tungsten carbide)indexIs a thermal comfort index as a function of temperature; IAQindexIs an air articleA comfort index, which is a function of the carbon dioxide concentration; ACindexIs an acoustic comfort index as a function of sound pressure level; l isindexIs a light comfort index as a function of illumination; x is the number of1，x2，x3，x4The comfort degree of each part is the proportion of the total comfort degree;
and controlling the intelligent window to be controlled according to the target sun-shading angle, the target sun-shading height and the target windowing position.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the thermal comfort index, the light comfort index, the air quality comfort index and the acoustic comfort index are constructed in accordance with the smart window mechanism model to be controlled, comprising:
acquiring an environmental parameter;
inputting the environmental parameters, the initial sunshade angle, the initial sunshade height and the initial windowing location to the thermal environment model, the light environment model, the air quality model and the acoustic environment model;
and determining a thermal comfort index, a light comfort index, an air quality comfort index and a sound comfort index according to the thermal environment model, the light environment model, the air quality model and the sound environment model.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein passing the initial sunshade angle, the initial sunshade height and the initial windowing position to a comprehensive comfort index model to obtain a target sunshade angle, a target sunshade height and a target windowing position of the smart window to be controlled comprises:
optimizing the thermal comfort index, the light comfort index, the air quality comfort index and the sound comfort index in the comprehensive comfort index model according to a preset optimization algorithm, and determining a target thermal comfort index, a target light comfort index, a target air quality comfort index and a target sound comfort index;
determining the target sun-shading angle, the target sun-shading height and the target windowing position according to the target thermal comfort index, the target light comfort index, the target air quality comfort index and the target sound comfort index.
4. A control device of a smart window, comprising:
the system comprises an acquisition module, a control module and a display module, wherein the acquisition module is used for acquiring an initial sunshade angle, an initial sunshade height and an initial windowing position of an intelligent window to be controlled;
a calculating module, configured to transmit the initial sunshade angle, the initial sunshade height, and the initial windowing position to a comprehensive comfort index model to obtain a target sunshade angle, a target sunshade height, and a target windowing position of the smart window to be controlled, where the comprehensive comfort index model includes: the intelligent window control system comprises a thermal comfort index, a light comfort index, an air quality comfort index and an acoustic comfort index, wherein the thermal comfort index, the light comfort index, the air quality comfort index and the acoustic comfort index are constructed according to an intelligent window mechanism model to be controlled, and the mechanism model comprises: the intelligent window control system comprises a thermal environment model, a light environment model, an air quality model and a sound environment model, wherein the mechanism model is related to the sun-shading angle, the sun-shading height and the window opening position of the intelligent window to be controlled; wherein the comprehensive comfort index model is:
IEQindex＝x1×TCindex+x2×IAQindex+x3×ACindex+x4×Lindex
wherein, IEQindexIs a composite comfort index; TC (tungsten carbide)indexIs a thermal comfort index as a function of temperature; IAQindexIs an air quality comfort index as a function of carbon dioxide concentration; ACindexIs an acoustic comfort index as a function of sound pressure level; l isindexIs a light comfort index as a function of illumination; x is the number of1，x2，x3，x4Respectively taking the comfort of each part into the total comfortSpecific gravity of (a);
and the control module is used for controlling the intelligent window to be controlled according to the target shading angle, the target shading height and the target windowing position.
5. The apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the thermal comfort index, the light comfort index, the air quality comfort index and the acoustic comfort index in the calculation module are constructed according to the smart window mechanism model to be controlled, and the method comprises:
an acquisition unit for acquiring an environmental parameter;
an input unit for inputting the environmental parameter, the initial sunshade angle, the initial sunshade height, and the initial windowing position to the thermal environment model, the light environment model, the air quality model, and the acoustic environment model;
the first determining unit is used for determining a thermal comfort index, a light comfort index, an air quality comfort index and a sound comfort index according to the thermal environment model, the light environment model, the air quality model and the sound environment model.
6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the computing module comprises:
a second determining unit, configured to optimize the thermal comfort index, the light comfort index, the air quality comfort index, and the acoustic comfort index in the integrated comfort index model according to a preset optimization algorithm, and determine a target thermal comfort index, a target light comfort index, a target air quality comfort index, and a target acoustic comfort index;
a third determining unit, configured to determine the target sun-shading angle, the target sun-shading height, and the target windowing position according to the target thermal comfort index, the target light comfort index, the target air quality comfort index, and the target acoustic comfort index.
7. A control system for a smart window, comprising: a sensor, a controller, and an actuator, wherein:
the sensor is used for acquiring the environmental parameters and the windowing position of the intelligent window to be controlled and transmitting the environmental parameters and the windowing position to the controller;
the controller is used for acquiring an initial sun-shading angle and an initial sun-shading height, determining a target sun-shading angle, a target sun-shading height and a target windowing position according to the initial sun-shading angle, the initial sun-shading height, the initial windowing position and the environmental parameters, and transmitting the target sun-shading angle, the target sun-shading height and the target windowing position to the actuator;
and the actuator is used for controlling the intelligent window to be controlled according to the target shading angle, the target shading height and the target windowing position.
8. The system of claim 7, wherein the sensor comprises: indoor environmental parameter sensor, outdoor environmental parameter sensor and stay cord sensor, wherein:
the indoor environmental parameter sensor: the system is used for collecting indoor environment parameters;
the outdoor environment parameter sensor is used for acquiring outdoor environment parameters;
and the pull rope sensor is used for acquiring the windowing position.
9. The system of claim 7, wherein the controller comprises: sunshade screen controller, sensor integrator, PLC controller and terminal, wherein:
the sunshade curtain controller is used for acquiring the initial sunshade angle and the initial sunshade height and controlling the sunshade curtain of the intelligent window to be controlled according to the target sunshade angle and the target sunshade height;
the sensor integrator is used for collecting the environmental parameters collected by the indoor environmental parameter sensor and the outdoor parameter sensor;
the PLC is used for receiving the initial windowing position and controlling the intelligent window to be controlled according to the target windowing position;
and the terminal is used for transmitting the initial shading angle, the initial shading height and the initial windowing position to a comprehensive comfort index model to obtain a target shading angle, a target shading height and a target windowing position of the intelligent window to be controlled.
10. The system of claim 7, wherein the actuator comprises: sunshade screen motor, current drive and electronic machine of windowing, wherein:
the sunshade curtain motor is used for controlling the sunshade curtain of the intelligent window to be controlled according to the target sunshade angle and the target sunshade height;
the current driver is used for determining a driving current according to the target windowing position;
the electric window opener; and the electric window opener is used for controlling the intelligent window to be controlled according to the driving current.
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