CN111211820A - Vehicle-mounted communication equipment testing device and method for Internet of vehicles - Google Patents

Vehicle-mounted communication equipment testing device and method for Internet of vehicles Download PDF

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CN111211820A
CN111211820A CN201910857626.7A CN201910857626A CN111211820A CN 111211820 A CN111211820 A CN 111211820A CN 201910857626 A CN201910857626 A CN 201910857626A CN 111211820 A CN111211820 A CN 111211820A
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channel
signal
unit
vehicle
superposition
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CN111211820B (en
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朱秋明
黄文清
李伟东
毛开
张冬洋
仲伟志
陈小敏
徐大专
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/10—Monitoring; Testing of transmitters
    • H04B17/15—Performance testing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/20—Monitoring; Testing of receivers
    • H04B17/29—Performance testing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/30—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
    • H04B17/309—Measuring or estimating channel quality parameters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/30—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
    • H04B17/309—Measuring or estimating channel quality parameters
    • H04B17/345—Interference values
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/30—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes
    • H04W4/40—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P]

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Abstract

The invention discloses a vehicle-mounted communication equipment testing device and a testing method facing to the Internet of vehicles, which comprise a performance testing and evaluating subsystem, a signal acquisition and processing subsystem and a channel simulation and superposition subsystem; the performance test evaluation subsystem comprises a test scene configuration unit and a test analysis evaluation unit, the signal acquisition and processing subsystem comprises a signal synchronization unit and a plurality of signal conversion units, and the channel simulation superposition subsystem comprises a channel generation unit and a channel superposition unit; the output interface of the test scene configuration unit is connected with the input interfaces of the channel generation unit and the signal synchronization unit through a PCIE bus, the output interface of the channel generation unit is connected with the input interface of the channel superposition unit, the output interface of the signal synchronization unit is connected with the input interface of the signal conversion unit, the output interface of the signal conversion unit is connected with the input interface of the channel superposition unit, and the output interface of the channel superposition unit is connected with the input interface of the test analysis evaluation unit through the PCIE bus.

Description

Vehicle-mounted communication equipment testing device and method for Internet of vehicles
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to a vehicle-mounted communication equipment testing device and method for Internet of vehicles, belongs to the field of wireless information transmission, and particularly relates to a vehicle-mounted communication equipment testing method and a vehicle-mounted communication equipment implementing device under a complex city scene.
Background art:
the Internet of vehicles aims to establish a network communication system taking vehicles as centers, so that intelligent traffic management and intelligent vehicle control are realized, road congestion can be effectively reduced, and road safety is improved. The Vehicle-mounted communication equipment is a link between a Vehicle and a Vehicle (V2V) in the internet of vehicles, and is also a key for ensuring the normal operation of the whole Vehicle-mounted network, and the reliability and stability of the communication function of the Vehicle-mounted communication equipment are important for users and researchers to pay attention. At present, the related software and hardware of the testing and detecting method aiming at the traditional communication equipment are very mature and complete. However, unlike the conventional communication device, the vehicle-mounted communication device is installed in a driving environment, and the V2V communication environment is more complicated than the conventional mobile communication environment due to the vehicle motion, the terrain, the climate condition, and the like, and the conventional test scheme is difficult to be extended. Although field actual measurement is an effective means for testing the vehicle-mounted communication equipment, the cost is high in the testing process, and the same scene is difficult to reproduce when problems are found, so that a device capable of testing the vehicle-mounted communication equipment in a laboratory environment needs to be developed.
It is critical to accurately simulate a recurring V2V MIMO wireless communication scenario in order to achieve reliable and efficient testing of vehicle-mounted communication devices. The V2V MIMO communication scene is different from the traditional mobile communication scene, the transceiving ends are all in a fast moving state, the communication distance between vehicles is short, and the obstacle is close to the mobile terminal. Furthermore, most modeling for the V2V MIMO communication scenario only considers a straight-ahead environment, however, in an actual traffic environment, due to the influence of surrounding vehicles and facilities, traffic lights, and the like, the vehicle may undergo a process of acceleration or deceleration during movement, and in a turn and a road surface uneven section, the vehicle may change its moving direction. Therefore, by combining the vehicle running parameters and scenes, the patent provides a test scheme and a hardware implementation device scheme aiming at the vehicle-mounted communication equipment under the complex city scene, and the test scheme and the hardware implementation device scheme are used for solving the problem of quick and effective test of the future vehicle-mounted communication equipment.
The invention content is as follows:
in order to effectively test the equipment performance of the vehicle-mounted communication equipment in a complex motion scene, the invention provides a vehicle-mounted communication equipment testing device and a vehicle-mounted communication equipment testing method oriented to the Internet of vehicles, and the device can accurately simulate the condition of a V2V MIMO communication channel according to vehicle driving parameters and scenes and test the performance of the vehicle-mounted communication equipment.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme: a vehicle-mounted communication equipment testing device facing the Internet of vehicles comprises a performance testing and evaluating subsystem, a signal acquisition and processing subsystem and a channel simulation and superposition subsystem;
the performance test evaluation subsystem comprises a test scene configuration unit and a test analysis evaluation unit, the signal acquisition and processing subsystem comprises a signal synchronization unit and a plurality of signal conversion units, and the channel simulation superposition subsystem comprises a channel generation unit and a channel superposition unit;
the output interface of the test scene configuration unit is connected with the input interfaces of the channel generation unit and the signal synchronization unit through a PCIE bus, the output interface of the channel generation unit is connected with the input interface of the channel superposition unit, the output interface of the signal synchronization unit is connected with the input interface of the signal conversion unit, the output interface of the signal conversion unit is connected with the input interface of the channel superposition unit, and the output interface of the channel superposition unit is connected with the input interface of the test analysis evaluation unit through the PCIE bus.
The invention also adopts the following technical scheme: a vehicle-mounted communication equipment testing method for Internet of vehicles comprises the following steps:
firstly, a user sets a communication scene on a performance test evaluation subsystem through a test scene configuration unit, and sets running track parameters of a Mobile Transmitter (MT) and a Mobile Receiver (MR) respectively, so that the system completes three-dimensional channel environment reconstruction and channel characteristic parameter estimation;
secondly, transmitting the channel characteristic parameters output by the test scene configuration unit to a channel generation unit through a PCIE bus, and carrying out V2V MIMO channel modeling and calculating the fading factors and channel noise of each sub-channel of MIMO according to the channel characteristic parameters by the channel generation unit;
thirdly, transmitting a command for starting to collect signals to a signal synchronization unit by a test scene configuration unit through a PCIE bus, wherein the signal synchronization unit generates an enabling signal and transmits the enabling signal to a plurality of signal conversion units;
fourthly, the plurality of signal conversion units receive the enabling signals and then work simultaneously, and analog signals transmitted by the antenna of the vehicle-mounted communication equipment to be tested are processed into digital signals;
fifthly, multiplying and accumulating the delayed digital signal and a fading channel and superposing channel noise by a channel superposition unit according to the channel parameters to obtain a digital component of a channel output signal;
and sixthly, transmitting the channel output signal output by the channel superposition unit back to a test analysis evaluation unit through a PCIE bus, and performing constellation analysis, channel characteristic statistics and error code/frame rate statistical calculation after the test analysis evaluation unit demodulates and analyzes the signal in real time.
Further, the second step specifically comprises the following steps:
1) calculating the velocity v of MT and MR movementi(l) And direction
Figure RE-GDA0002457810690000031
Parameters are described by the following method:
Figure RE-GDA0002457810690000032
wherein, l represents the time domain discrete time sequence number, and the time interval is marked as Tu；
Figure RE-GDA0002457810690000033
And
Figure RE-GDA0002457810690000034
i ∈ { MT, MR } represents the initial velocity and angle of MT and MR, respectively;
Figure RE-GDA0002457810690000035
and
Figure RE-GDA0002457810690000036
respectively representing the rates of change of acceleration and angle;
2) calculating the Doppler frequency f of the mth scattering branch of the kth pathk,m(l) The method comprises the following steps:
Figure RE-GDA0002457810690000037
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure RE-GDA0002457810690000038
in the formula
Figure RE-GDA0002457810690000039
Figure RE-GDA00024578106900000310
The exit angle or the arrival angle of the mth scattering branch in the kth propagation path;
Figure RE-GDA00024578106900000311
for the first scatterer on the MT and k-th propagation path
Figure RE-GDA00024578106900000312
(MR and the last scatterer on the k-th propagation path
Figure RE-GDA00024578106900000313
) The initial distance between; wavelength λ ═ c0/f0，f0And c0Carrier and speed of light, respectively;
3) the Doppler frequency is linearly interpolated as follows
Figure RE-GDA00024578106900000314
Wherein f' [ uI + a ] is the real-time Doppler frequency after interpolation; f [ uI ] and f [ (u +1) I ] are Doppler frequencies of two adjacent moments before interpolation; i is an interpolation multiple; i-1, · a ═ 0, 1;
4) calculating the position vectors of the vehicle and the scatterer, and calculating the path time delay tau varying along each path according to the position vectorsk(l) The method comprises the following steps:
Figure RE-GDA0002457810690000041
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure RE-GDA0002457810690000042
to represent
Figure RE-GDA0002457810690000043
A position vector of (a); di(l) A position vector representing the MT or MR;
Figure RE-GDA0002457810690000044
to representLatency of the virtual link;
Di(l)＝Di+vi(l)·l (7)
Diposition vector for MT or MR origin; v. ofi(l) Velocity vector for MT or MR;
5) calculating the path gain ck(l) The method comprises the following steps:
Figure RE-GDA0002457810690000045
wherein, ξkRepresenting a gaussian random variable; r isDSAnd σDSRespectively representing the delay profile and the delay spread;
6) calculating fading factor h of k-th propagation path between q-th transmitting antenna of MT and p-th receiving antenna of MRp,q,k(l) The method comprises the following steps:
Figure RE-GDA0002457810690000046
wherein M is the number of scattering branches; t issIs the sampling interval; thetak,mObey a uniform distribution of [ - π, π) for phase;
7) calculating the channel noise n (l) by the following method:
Figure RE-GDA0002457810690000047
wherein snr is a signal-to-noise ratio coefficient;
Figure RE-GDA0002457810690000048
and
Figure RE-GDA0002457810690000049
the average power of a transmission signal and a Gaussian random number in a fixed time at one end respectively; g (l) is a Gaussian random number; u shape1(l) And U2(l) The two independent random variables are uniformly distributed;
further, the fifth step specifically comprises the following steps:
1) inputting the digital signal into a dual-port RAM for coarse delay;
2) inputting the signal output by the dual-port RAM into a multiphase filter delayer (the phase number is R) for fine time delay;
3) dividing the channel fading factor hp,q,k(l) Interpolating by using a system clock f, and carrying out anti-mirror filtering;
4) calculating a channel output signal according to the delayed signal and the interpolated channel fading factor, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
Figure RE-GDA0002457810690000051
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure RE-GDA0002457810690000052
representing a time delay domain discrete time sequence number; y isp(l) And np(l) Respectively receiving discrete signals and corresponding channel noise received by a pth receiving antenna after channel propagation; x (l) ═ x1(l)，x2(l),…,xQ(l)]TA discrete signal is transmitted for the vehicle-mounted communication equipment to be detected; c. Cp,q,kAnd τp,q,k(l) Respectively obtaining the path gain and the time delay of the kth propagation path between the qth transmitting antenna and the pth receiving antenna; k (t) is the number of multipaths;
Figure RE-GDA0002457810690000053
meaning rounding of the discrete delay.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the invention, the vehicle running track and scene are introduced into the V2V MIMO channel model, the real motion condition of the vehicle is met, and the channel model is discretized on the basis, so that the method is easy to realize on hardware and is suitable for testing vehicle-mounted communication equipment in any complex motion scene;
(2) the technology that a plurality of subsystems share the PCIE trigger bus is adopted, so that the problem of synchronization among MIMO input signals is solved, the testing device has a universal, flexible and reconfigurable hardware architecture, and the testing device is suitable for performance testing of vehicle-mounted communication equipment with any number of antennas.
Description of the drawings:
fig. 1 is a typical communication scenario of an in-vehicle communication device.
Fig. 2 is an implementation scheme of the vehicle-mounted communication equipment testing device.
Fig. 3 is a typical test scenario provided by the vehicle-mounted communication device testing apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 4 shows the simulated V2V MIMO channel characteristics of the vehicle-mounted communication device testing apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 5 shows test results such as constellation diagrams and frame error rates output by the vehicle-mounted communication device testing apparatus of the present invention.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention relates to a vehicle-mounted communication equipment testing device for the Internet of vehicles, which comprises a performance testing and evaluating subsystem, a signal acquisition and processing subsystem and a channel simulation and superposition subsystem. The performance test evaluation subsystem comprises a test scene configuration unit 1-1 and a test analysis evaluation unit 1-2, the signal acquisition processing subsystem comprises a signal synchronization unit 1-3 and a plurality of signal conversion units 1-4, and the channel simulation superposition subsystem comprises a channel generation unit 1-5 and a channel superposition unit 1-6.
An output interface of the test scene configuration unit 1-1 is connected with input interfaces of the channel generation units 1-5 and the signal synchronization units 1-3 through a PCIE bus, an output interface of the channel generation units 1-5 is connected with an input interface of the channel superposition units 1-6, an output interface of the signal synchronization units 1-3 is connected with an input interface of the signal conversion units 1-4, an output interface of the signal conversion units 1-4 is connected with an input interface of the channel superposition units 1-6, and an output interface of the channel superposition units 1-6 is connected with an input interface of the test analysis evaluation unit 1-2 through a PCIE bus.
Considering that the vehicle-mounted communication device as MT is configured with Q transmitting antennas, and after the transmitted signal passes through V2V MIMO channel (as shown in fig. 1), MR reception with P receiving antennas is customized by the user, and the MR received signal can be represented as
Figure RE-GDA0002457810690000061
Wherein x (t) ═ x1(t)，x2(t),…,xQ(t)]TVector signals transmitted by the vehicle-mounted communication equipment to be tested; y (t) ═ y1(t)，y2(t),…,yP(t)]TVector signals received for the user-defined MRs; n (t) ═ n1(t)，n2(l),…,nP(l)]TIs a channel noise vector; h isp,qThe (t, τ) is expressed as a unit impulse response of the sub-channel between the P-th (P-1, 2.. P) receiving antenna and the Q-th (Q-1, 2.. Q) transmitting antenna.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following takes a vehicle-mounted communication device to be tested configured with 2 transmitting antennas as an example and combines with the accompanying drawings of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions.
Assuming that the user-defined MR is configured with 2 receiving antennas, the signal transmitted by the vehicle-mounted communication device to be tested can be represented as V2VMIMO after passing through the V2VMIMO channel
Figure RE-GDA0002457810690000062
Therefore, the vehicle-mounted communication equipment to be tested is provided with 2 transmitting antennas, a signal acquisition processing subsystem comprises 2 signal conversion units 1-4, and 2 signal conversion units 1-4 are used for inputting 2 paths of signals x1And x2After analog-to-digital conversion, the signals are sent to channel superposition units 1-6, the channel superposition units 1-6 on the channel simulation superposition subsystem process the matrix operation in the formula to superpose fading channels on the input signals and add channel noise n1And n2The obtained digital signal is transmitted back to the test analysis evaluation unit 1-2 through the PCIE bus, and finally the test analysis evaluation unit 1-2 transmits the signal y1And y2And after demodulation and analysis, evaluating the equipment performance of the vehicle-mounted communication equipment to be tested.
The specific implementation steps are as follows:
in a first step, withOn the performance test evaluation subsystem, a user selects an urban environment as a typical test scene through the test scene configuration unit 1-1 and sets the initial speed of the MT
Figure RE-GDA0002457810690000071
Acceleration of a vehicle
Figure RE-GDA0002457810690000072
Initial angle of movement
Figure RE-GDA0002457810690000073
Rate of change of angle
Figure RE-GDA0002457810690000074
And initial velocity of MR
Figure RE-GDA0002457810690000075
Acceleration of a vehicle
Figure RE-GDA0002457810690000076
Initial angle of movement
Figure RE-GDA0002457810690000077
Rate of change of angle
Figure RE-GDA0002457810690000078
The system completes three-dimensional channel environment reconstruction and channel characteristic parameter estimation accordingly;
secondly, transmitting the channel characteristic parameters output by the test scene configuration unit 1-1 to a channel generation unit 1-5 through a PCIE bus, and carrying out V2V MIMO channel modeling and calculating the fading factors and channel noises of each sub-channel of the MIMO by the channel generation unit 1-5 according to the channel characteristic parameters;
thirdly, transmitting a command for starting to collect signals to a signal synchronization unit 1-3 by a test scene configuration unit 1-1 through a PCIE bus, and generating enabling signals and transmitting the enabling signals to a plurality of signal conversion units 1-4 by the signal synchronization unit 1-3;
fourthly, the signal conversion units 1-4 receive the enabling signals and then work simultaneously, and analog signals transmitted by the antenna of the vehicle-mounted communication equipment to be tested are processed into digital signals;
fifthly, the channel superposition unit 1-6 multiplies and accumulates the delayed digital signal with a fading channel and superposes channel noise according to the channel parameters to obtain a digital component of a channel output signal;
and sixthly, transmitting the channel output signals output by the channel superposition units 1-6 back to the test analysis evaluation unit 1-2 through the PCIE bus, and performing constellation diagram analysis, channel characteristic statistics and error code/frame rate statistical calculation after the test analysis evaluation unit 1-2 demodulates and analyzes the signals in real time.
Further, the second step specifically comprises the following steps:
1) at a time interval TuCalculating the speed v of MT movement as 50msMT(l) 2+0.4l, direction of movement
Figure RE-GDA0002457810690000079
And the velocity v of the MR movementMR(l) 12-0.5l, direction of movement
Figure RE-GDA00024578106900000710
In which the velocity v of the MT and MR movements is calculatedi(l) And direction
Figure RE-GDA0002457810690000081
Parameters are described by the following method:
Figure RE-GDA0002457810690000082
wherein, l represents the time domain discrete time sequence number, and the time interval is marked as Tu；
Figure RE-GDA0002457810690000083
And
Figure RE-GDA0002457810690000084
i ∈ { MT, MR } represents the initial velocity and angle of MT and MR, respectively;
Figure RE-GDA0002457810690000085
and
Figure RE-GDA0002457810690000086
respectively representing the rates of change of acceleration and angle;
2) calculating the Doppler frequency f of the mth scattering branch of the kth pathk,m(l) The method comprises the following steps:
Figure RE-GDA0002457810690000087
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure RE-GDA0002457810690000088
in the formula
Figure RE-GDA0002457810690000089
Figure RE-GDA00024578106900000810
The exit angle or the arrival angle of the mth scattering branch in the kth propagation path;
Figure RE-GDA00024578106900000811
for the first scatterer on the MT and k-th propagation path
Figure RE-GDA00024578106900000812
(MR and the last scatterer on the k-th propagation path
Figure RE-GDA00024578106900000813
) The initial distance between; wavelength λ ═ c0/f0，f0And c0Respectively carrier and speed of light. The assumption of this case
Figure RE-GDA00024578106900000814
Subject to Von Mises (VM) distribution,
Figure RE-GDA00024578106900000815
f0＝2.4GHz。
3) the Doppler frequency is linearly interpolated as follows
Figure RE-GDA00024578106900000816
Wherein f' [ uI + a ] is the real-time Doppler frequency after interpolation; f [ uI ] and f [ (u +1) I ] are Doppler frequencies of two adjacent moments before interpolation; i is an interpolation multiple; i-1, a ═ 0, 1. In this case, let I be 1562.
4) Calculating the position vectors of the vehicle and the scatterer, and calculating the path time delay tau varying along each path according to the position vectorsk(l) The method comprises the following steps:
Figure RE-GDA0002457810690000091
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure RE-GDA0002457810690000092
to represent
Figure RE-GDA0002457810690000093
A position vector of (a); di(l) A position vector representing the MT or MR;
Figure RE-GDA0002457810690000094
representing the latency of the virtual link;
Di(l)＝Di+vi(l)·l (7)
Diposition vector for MT or MR origin; v. ofi(l) Velocity vector for MT or MR; in this case, MT and MR have initial coordinates DMT＝[0,0]，DMR＝[300,0]，
Figure RE-GDA0002457810690000095
And
Figure RE-GDA0002457810690000096
the coordinates are
Figure RE-GDA0002457810690000097
Figure RE-GDA0002457810690000098
5) Calculating the path gain ck(l) The method comprises the following steps:
Figure RE-GDA0002457810690000099
wherein, ξkRepresenting a gaussian random variable; r isDSAnd σDSRespectively representing the delay profile and the delay spread. In this case, take σDS＝0.32。
6) Calculating fading factor h of k-th propagation path between q-th transmitting antenna of MT and p-th receiving antenna of MRp,q,k(l) The method comprises the following steps:
Figure RE-GDA00024578106900000910
wherein M is the number of scattering branches; t issIs the sampling interval; thetak,mObeys a uniform distribution of [ -pi, pi) for the phase. In this case, M is 128, Ts＝32us。
7) Calculating the channel noise n (l) by the following method:
Figure RE-GDA00024578106900000911
wherein snr is a signal-to-noise ratio coefficient;
Figure RE-GDA00024578106900000912
and
Figure RE-GDA00024578106900000913
the average power of a transmission signal and a Gaussian random number in a fixed time at one end respectively; g (l) is a Gaussian random number; u shape1(l) And U2(l) The two independent random variables are uniformly distributed; in this case, snr is-10 dB.
Further, the fifth step specifically comprises the following steps:
1) inputting the digital signal into a dual-port RAM for coarse delay;
2) inputting the signal output by the dual-port RAM into a multiphase filter delayer (the phase number is R) for fine time delay;
3) dividing the channel fading factor hp,q,k(l) Interpolating by using a system clock f, and carrying out anti-mirror filtering;
4) calculating a channel output signal according to the delayed signal and the interpolated channel fading factor, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
Figure RE-GDA0002457810690000101
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure RE-GDA0002457810690000102
representing a time delay domain discrete time sequence number; y isp(l) And np(l) Respectively receiving discrete signals and corresponding channel noise received by a pth receiving antenna after channel propagation; x (l) ═ x1(l)，x2(l),…,xQ(l)]TA discrete signal is transmitted for the vehicle-mounted communication equipment to be detected; c. Cp,q,kAnd τp,q,k(l) Respectively obtaining the path gain and the time delay of the kth propagation path between the qth transmitting antenna and the pth receiving antenna; k (t) is the number of multipaths;
Figure RE-GDA0002457810690000103
meaning rounding of the discrete delay.
The selected scenes and the obtained test results of the embodiment can be illustrated by fig. 3 to 5: 1) FIG. 3 shows a typical test scenario and the MT and MR driving traces according to the present embodiment; 2) FIG. 4 shows the simulated V2VMIMO channel characteristics of the test setup; 3) fig. 5 shows the constellation diagram and the frame error rate, etc. test results output by the test analysis and evaluation unit 1-2 of the test apparatus.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of this invention and it should be noted that modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention and these modifications should also be considered as the protection scope of the invention.

Claims (4)

1. The utility model provides a towards vehicle-mounted communication equipment testing arrangement of car networking which characterized in that: the system comprises a performance test evaluation subsystem, a signal acquisition processing subsystem and a channel simulation superposition subsystem;
the performance test evaluation subsystem comprises a test scene configuration unit (1-1) and a test analysis evaluation unit (1-2), the signal acquisition and processing subsystem comprises a signal synchronization unit (1-3) and a plurality of signal conversion units (1-4), and the channel simulation superposition subsystem comprises a channel generation unit (1-5) and a channel superposition unit (1-6);
the output interface of the test scene configuration unit (1-1) is connected with the input interfaces of the channel generation units (1-5) and the signal synchronization units (1-3) through a PCIE bus, the output interface of the channel generation units (1-5) is connected with the input interface of the channel superposition units (1-6), the output interface of the signal synchronization units (1-3) is connected with the input interface of the signal conversion units (1-4), the output interface of the signal conversion units (1-4) is connected with the input interface of the channel superposition units (1-6), and the output interface of the channel superposition units (1-6) is connected with the input interface of the test analysis evaluation units (1-2) through a PCIE bus.
2. The vehicle-mounted communication equipment testing method oriented to the Internet of vehicles is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, a user sets a communication scene on a performance test evaluation subsystem through a test scene configuration unit (1-1), and sets driving track parameters of a Mobile Transmitter (MT) and a Mobile Receiver (MR) respectively, so that the system completes three-dimensional channel environment reconstruction and channel characteristic parameter estimation;
secondly, transmitting the channel characteristic parameters output by the test scene configuration unit (1-1) to a channel generation unit (1-5) through a PCIE bus, and carrying out V2V MIMO channel modeling and calculating the fading factors and channel noises of each sub-channel of the MIMO by the channel generation unit (1-5) according to the channel characteristic parameters;
thirdly, transmitting a command for starting to collect signals to a signal synchronization unit (1-3) by a test scene configuration unit (1-1) through a PCIE bus, and generating enable signals by the signal synchronization unit (1-3) and transmitting the enable signals to a plurality of signal conversion units (1-4);
fourthly, the signal conversion units (1-4) receive the enabling signals and then work simultaneously, and analog signals transmitted by the antenna of the vehicle-mounted communication equipment to be tested are processed into digital signals;
fifthly, the channel superposition unit (1-6) multiplies and accumulates the delayed digital signal with a fading channel and superposes channel noise according to the channel parameters to obtain a digital component of a channel output signal;
and sixthly, transmitting the channel output signals output by the channel superposition units (1-6) back to the test analysis evaluation unit (1-2) through the PCIE bus, and performing constellation diagram analysis, channel characteristic statistics and error code/frame rate statistical calculation after the test analysis evaluation unit (1-2) demodulates and analyzes the signals in real time.
3. The vehicle networking-oriented vehicle-mounted communication device testing method according to claim 2, wherein: the second step is specifically generated as follows:
1) calculating the velocity v of MT and MR movementi(l) And direction
Figure FDA0002195804700000021
Parameters are described by the following method:
Figure FDA0002195804700000022
wherein, l represents the time domain discrete time sequence number, and the time interval is marked as Tu；
Figure FDA0002195804700000023
And
Figure FDA0002195804700000024
i ∈ { MT, MR } represents the initial velocity and angle of MT and MR, respectively;
Figure FDA0002195804700000025
and
Figure FDA0002195804700000026
respectively representing the rates of change of acceleration and angle;
2) calculating the Doppler frequency f of the mth scattering branch of the kth pathk,m(l) The method comprises the following steps:
Figure FDA0002195804700000027
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA0002195804700000028
in the formula
Figure FDA0002195804700000029
Figure FDA00021958047000000210
The exit angle or the arrival angle of the mth scattering branch in the kth propagation path;
Figure FDA00021958047000000211
for the first scatterer on the MT and k-th propagation path
Figure FDA00021958047000000212
(MR and the last scatterer on the k-th propagation path
Figure FDA00021958047000000213
) The initial distance between; wavelength λ ═ c0/f0，f0And c0Carrier and speed of light, respectively;
3) the Doppler frequency is linearly interpolated as follows
Figure FDA00021958047000000214
Wherein f' [ uI + a ] is the real-time Doppler frequency after interpolation; f [ uI ] and f [ (u +1) I ] are Doppler frequencies of two adjacent moments before interpolation; i is an interpolation multiple; i-1, · a ═ 0, 1;
4) calculating the position vectors of the vehicle and the scatterer, and calculating the path time delay tau varying along each path according to the position vectorsk(l) The method comprises the following steps:
Figure FDA0002195804700000031
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA0002195804700000032
to represent
Figure FDA0002195804700000033
A position vector of (a); di(l) A position vector representing the MT or MR;
Figure FDA0002195804700000034
representing the latency of the virtual link;
Di(l)＝Di+vi(l)·l (7)
Diposition vector for MT or MR origin; v. ofi(l) Velocity vector for MT or MR;
5) calculating the path gain ck(l) The method comprises the following steps:
Figure FDA0002195804700000035
wherein, ξkRepresenting a gaussian random variable; r isDSAnd σDSRespectively representing the delay profile and the delay spread;
6) calculating fading factor h of k-th propagation path between q-th transmitting antenna of MT and p-th receiving antenna of MRp,q,k(l) The method comprises the following steps:
Figure FDA0002195804700000036
wherein M is the number of scattering branches; t issIs the sampling interval; thetak,mObey a uniform distribution of [ - π, π) for phase;
7) calculating the channel noise n (l) by the following method:
Figure FDA0002195804700000037
wherein snr is a signal-to-noise ratio coefficient;
Figure FDA0002195804700000038
and
Figure FDA0002195804700000039
the average power of a transmission signal and a Gaussian random number in a fixed time at one end respectively; g (l) is a Gaussian random number; u shape1(l) And U2(l) Are two independent random variables and are subject to uniform distribution.
4. The Internet of vehicles oriented vehicle communication equipment test method of claim 3, wherein: the fifth step specifically comprises the following steps:
1) inputting the digital signal into a dual-port RAM for coarse delay;
2) inputting the signal output by the dual-port RAM into a multiphase filter delayer (the phase number is R) for fine time delay;
3) dividing the channel fading factor hp,q,k(l) Interpolating by using a system clock f, and carrying out anti-mirror filtering;
4) calculating a channel output signal according to the delayed signal and the interpolated channel fading factor, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
Figure FDA0002195804700000041
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA0002195804700000042
representing a time delay domain discrete time sequence number; y isp(l) And np(l) Respectively receiving discrete signals and corresponding channel noise received by a pth receiving antenna after channel propagation; x (l) ═ x1(l)，x2(l),…,xQ(l)]TA discrete signal is transmitted for the vehicle-mounted communication equipment to be detected; c. Cp,q,kAnd τp,q,k(l) Respectively obtaining the path gain and the time delay of the kth propagation path between the qth transmitting antenna and the pth receiving antenna; k (t) is the number of multipaths;
Figure FDA0002195804700000043
meaning rounding of the discrete delay.
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