CN111209406B - Ontology knowledge base instance data maintenance method and device - Google Patents
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Abstract
The disclosure provides a method and a device for maintaining ontology knowledge base instance data. The ontology knowledge base instance data maintenance device inquires corresponding instance knowledge from the ontology knowledge base according to instance name inquiry information input by a user, wherein the similarity between the instance names of the instance knowledge and the instance name inquiry information is larger than a preset threshold; the instance knowledge is visually presented so that a user can modify the instance knowledge to obtain newly added knowledge data; and writing the newly added knowledge data into an ontology knowledge base to serve as instance knowledge of the newly added instance. The method and the device can realize that the user obtains the newly added instance without knowing the specific instance structure of the ontology knowledge base.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the field of knowledge engineering, and in particular relates to a method and a device for maintaining ontology knowledge base instance data.
Background
Data maintenance of an ontology knowledge base generally includes addition, modification, deletion and querying of class (attribute) knowledge and instance knowledge. There are generally two approaches to data maintenance: ontology visualization operating software and ontology code. Both approaches are more common for static knowledge base maintenance, such as class (attribute) knowledge, but for instance knowledge, the dynamic knowledge base maintenance is less efficient. The method is characterized by body structuring, so that the operation method of the visual software is complex, and the technical requirement on operators is high in code maintenance.
The main characteristics of the ontology knowledge base instance knowledge maintenance include: the example knowledge iterates faster and needs frequent or even real-time maintenance; the cost of data maintenance is high, and the automation difficulty of dynamically maintaining the ontology knowledge base is increased by the structured knowledge, so that the labor cost is greatly increased. The high-cost ontology knowledge base has disadvantages in terms of instance knowledge data maintenance, and if the dynamic instance knowledge maintenance system can enable authorized common users to update at any time, the cost of maintaining the knowledge base is effectively reduced.
The shortcomings of the existing ontology knowledge base in terms of instance knowledge data maintenance mainly comprise:
1) The body structure is complex, manual data maintenance is generally carried out, the error is large, and the efficiency is low.
Ontology visualization operating software: the manual operation is performed, tiny data errors in the operation process are not easy to find, the operation time is long, and the efficiency is low;
body code: the code can be used for constructing the appointed class of the ontology in batches, but the method is not applicable to updating and maintaining the ontology knowledge base, and particularly, knowledge points needing to be modified in the code need to be found when the instance of a small amount of data is modified, so that the workload of manual operation is high.
2) The new instance knowledge with small knowledge difference from the original knowledge in the knowledge base also needs to update the same workload.
The instance knowledge is an important component in the ontology knowledge base, and in many fields, the instance knowledge has little differentiation but a large number, and needs to be updated regularly, so that the workload is large.
3) The ontology data maintenance can only be operated by a professional technician.
Both the ontology visual operation software and the ontology code can only be operated by professional technicians, but in practice, much knowledge, especially a small amount of trivial example knowledge, is found by users during the application process, and professional limitations make them unable to timely supplement the knowledge base.
4) The real-time performance of ontology instance knowledge data maintenance is poor.
When the fact that the instance knowledge iteration is needed in the ontology is found, professional technicians cannot update the ontology version in time and place the ontology version in the server, so that the application end cannot receive knowledge of a new ontology in real time.
Disclosure of Invention
The present disclosure provides a solution that enables a user to implement a new instance by simply adding instance knowledge specific data without having to know the specific instance structure of an ontology knowledge base.
According to one aspect of one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided an ontology knowledge base instance data maintenance method, including: inquiring corresponding instance knowledge from an ontology knowledge base according to the instance name inquiry information input by a user, wherein the similarity between the instance name of the instance knowledge and the instance name inquiry information is greater than a preset threshold; visually presenting the instance knowledge so that a user modifies the instance knowledge to obtain newly added knowledge data; and writing the newly added knowledge data into an ontology knowledge base to serve as instance knowledge of a newly added instance.
In some embodiments, writing the newly added knowledge data into an ontology knowledge base includes: according to a preset first mapping rule, converting the newly-added knowledge data visually presented into corresponding display interface information; converting the obtained display interface information into corresponding ontology knowledge base knowledge according to a preset second mapping rule; and writing the obtained knowledge of the ontology knowledge base into the ontology knowledge base.
In some embodiments, after querying the ontology knowledge base for the corresponding instance knowledge, the method further includes: according to a preset second mapping rule, the queried instance knowledge is converted into corresponding display interface information; converting the obtained display interface information into corresponding display classification information according to a preset first mapping rule; the resulting display classification information is visually presented.
In some embodiments, visually presenting the resulting display classification information includes: and carrying out visual classified presentation on the obtained display classified information according to the data attribute of the obtained display classified information.
According to another aspect of one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided an ontology knowledge base instance data maintenance apparatus, including: the visual interface module is configured to send the received instance name query information input by the user to the control module; the system is also configured to visually present the instance knowledge after receiving the instance knowledge sent by the control module, so that a user modifies the instance knowledge to obtain new knowledge data, and the new knowledge data is sent to the control module; the control module is configured to call the functional module to inquire corresponding instance knowledge after receiving instance name inquiry information input by a user, and send the inquired instance knowledge to the visual interface module; the system is also configured to call the function module to write the newly added knowledge data into the ontology knowledge base after receiving the newly added knowledge data; the function module is configured to query corresponding instance knowledge from the ontology knowledge base according to the call of the control module, wherein the similarity between the instance name of the instance knowledge and the instance name query information is greater than a preset threshold; and the system is further configured to write the newly added knowledge data into an ontology knowledge base according to the call of the control module to serve as instance knowledge of the newly added instance.
In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises: a data classification module configured to store predetermined first and second mapping rules; the function module is further configured to convert the newly added knowledge data of the visual presentation into corresponding display interface information according to a predetermined first mapping rule, convert the obtained display interface information into corresponding ontology knowledge according to a predetermined second mapping rule, and write the obtained ontology knowledge into the ontology knowledge base.
In some embodiments, the function module is further configured to convert the instance knowledge queried from the ontology knowledge base into corresponding display interface information according to a predetermined second mapping rule, convert the obtained display interface information into corresponding display classification information according to a predetermined first mapping rule, and send the display classification information to the control module; the control module is further configured to send display classification information to the visual interface module; the visual interface module is further configured to visually present the resulting display classification information.
In some embodiments, the visual interface module is further configured to visually categorize the resulting display categorization information according to the data attributes of the resulting display categorization information.
According to another aspect of one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided an ontology knowledge base instance data maintenance apparatus, including: a memory configured to store instructions; a processor coupled to the memory, the processor configured to perform a method according to any of the embodiments described above based on instructions stored in the memory.
According to another aspect of one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement a method as referred to in any of the embodiments above.
Other features of the present disclosure and its advantages will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the disclosure, which proceeds with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present disclosure or the solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required for the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive faculty for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is an exemplary flow chart of an ontology knowledge base instance data maintenance method of one embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is an exemplary block diagram of an ontology knowledge base instance data maintenance apparatus of one embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is an exemplary block diagram of an ontology knowledge base instance data maintenance apparatus in accordance with another embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is an exemplary block diagram of an ontology knowledge base instance data maintenance system, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 5 is an exemplary block diagram of an ontology knowledge base instance data maintenance apparatus of a further embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
The following description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the disclosure, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort, based on the embodiments in this disclosure are intended to be within the scope of this disclosure.
The relative arrangement of the components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present disclosure unless it is specifically stated otherwise.
Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective parts shown in the drawings are not drawn in actual scale for convenience of description.
Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to one of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but should be considered part of the specification where appropriate.
In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be construed as merely illustrative, and not a limitation. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further discussion thereof is necessary in subsequent figures.
FIG. 1 is an exemplary flow chart of an ontology repository instance data maintenance method according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, the method steps of the present embodiments may be performed by an ontology repository instance data maintenance apparatus.
In step 101, corresponding instance knowledge is queried from the ontology knowledge base according to the instance name query information input by the user, wherein the similarity between the instance name of the instance knowledge and the instance name query information is greater than a predetermined threshold.
At step 102, instance knowledge is visually presented for modification by a user to the instance knowledge to obtain newly added knowledge data.
In some embodiments, a two-layer mapped display data representation method is employed. The first layer is the mapping of the knowledge of the ontology knowledge base and the information of the display interface, and the data structure comprises data type rules, display page names, data input categories and ontology knowledge names, wherein the contained contents are arranged according to the rule, and the actual names in the ontology knowledge base must be used for the ontology knowledge names. The second layer structure is a mapping of display interface information and display classification information, and the data structure comprises display page names, page classification names, data types, input forms and input options thereof, and the contained contents are arranged according to a specified rule, wherein the display interface information must be the same as the display interface information of the first layer. The data structure presents the structured knowledge in the body according to the input mode acceptable by the user, so that the visual interface interaction is more friendly, the manual misoperation is reduced, and the low coupling between the data and the system program is ensured.
In some embodiments, after querying the corresponding instance knowledge from the ontology knowledge base, the queried instance knowledge is converted into corresponding display interface information according to a predetermined second mapping rule. And then, converting the obtained display interface information into corresponding display classification information according to a preset first mapping rule, and visually presenting the obtained display classification information. That is, the instance data is converted into user-friendly visual data for visual presentation using a preset two-layer map.
For example, the obtained display classification information is visually classified and presented according to the data attribute of the obtained display classification information. By classifying and presenting according to the data attribute, the watching and editing experience of the user can be effectively improved.
In step 103, the newly added knowledge data is written into the ontology knowledge base as instance knowledge of the newly added instance.
In some embodiments, the newly added knowledge data of the visual presentation is converted into corresponding display interface information according to a predetermined first mapping rule. And converting the obtained display interface information into corresponding ontology knowledge base knowledge according to a preset second mapping rule, and further writing the obtained ontology knowledge base knowledge into the ontology knowledge base. Namely, the visualized data are converted into instance data in the ontology knowledge base through a preset two-layer mapping.
For example, after the display interface module obtains the data, the content of the three aspects of the data type rule, the ontology knowledge name and the corresponding specific data is packed and transmitted to the control module through the preset rule, and the control module calls the storage function module to extract the data after cleaning and convert the data into corresponding codes according to the ontology rule. I.e. to translate user accepted data that is convenient for visualization into structured instance knowledge of the ontology.
In the method for maintaining ontology knowledge base instance data provided in the above embodiment of the present disclosure, a user queries instance knowledge having similar instance names and modifies the instance knowledge to obtain new knowledge data. By writing the newly added knowledge data into the ontology knowledge base, a user can obtain the newly added instance without knowing the specific instance structure of the ontology knowledge base.
For example, the ontology repository has instances a, B, and C therein. The user wishes to add an instance similar to instance a, whereby the user queries instance a from the ontology repository and further modifies instance knowledge of instance a to obtain new knowledge data. The new knowledge data is written into the ontology knowledge base to serve as the instance knowledge of the new instance A1.
FIG. 2 is an exemplary flow diagram of an ontology repository instance data maintenance apparatus according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 2, the ontology repository instance data maintenance apparatus includes a visualization interface module 21, a control module 22, and a function module 23.
The visual interface module 21 is configured to send the received user-entered instance name query information to the control module 22. The control module 22 is configured to, upon receiving the instance name query information input by the user, invoke the function module 23 to query the corresponding instance knowledge, and send the queried instance knowledge to the visualization interface module 21. The visual interface module 21 is further configured to visually present the instance knowledge after receiving the instance knowledge sent by the control module 22, so that the user modifies the instance knowledge to obtain the new knowledge data. The visual interface module 21 sends the newly added knowledge data to the control module 22. After receiving the new knowledge data, the control module 22 invokes the functional module 23 to write the new knowledge data into the ontology knowledge base.
The function module 23 is configured to query the ontology knowledge base for corresponding instance knowledge according to the invocation of the control module 22, wherein the similarity between the instance name of the instance knowledge and the instance name query information is greater than a predetermined threshold. The function module 23 is further configured to write the newly added knowledge data into the ontology knowledge base as instance knowledge of the newly added instance according to the invocation of the control module 22.
In the ontology knowledge base instance data maintenance device provided by the embodiment of the disclosure, a user queries instance knowledge with similar instance names and modifies the instance knowledge to obtain new knowledge data. By writing the newly added knowledge data into the ontology knowledge base, a user can obtain the newly added instance without knowing the specific instance structure of the ontology knowledge base.
Fig. 3 is an exemplary block diagram of an ontology knowledge base instance data maintenance apparatus in accordance with another embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig. 3 differs from fig. 2 in that in the embodiment shown in fig. 3, a data classification module 24 is also included.
The data classification module 24 is configured to store predetermined first and second mapping rules.
It should be noted that in some embodiments, a two-layer mapping display data representation method is used. The first layer is the mapping of the knowledge of the ontology knowledge base and the information of the display interface, and the data structure comprises data type rules, display page names, data input categories and ontology knowledge names, wherein the contained contents are arranged according to the rule, and the actual names in the ontology knowledge base must be used for the ontology knowledge names. The second layer structure is a mapping of display interface information and display classification information, and the data structure comprises display page names, page classification names, data types, input forms and input options thereof, and the contained contents are arranged according to a specified rule, wherein the display interface information must be the same as the display interface information of the first layer. The data structure presents the structured knowledge in the body according to the input mode acceptable by the user, so that the visual interface interaction is more friendly, the manual misoperation is reduced, and the low coupling between the data and the system program is ensured.
For example, the first mapping rule is a mapping rule of display interface information and display classification information, and the second mapping rule is a mapping rule of ontology knowledge base knowledge and display interface information.
In some embodiments, the functional module 23 is further configured to convert the newly added knowledge data of the visual presentation into corresponding display interface information according to a predetermined first mapping rule, convert the obtained display interface information into corresponding ontology knowledge according to a predetermined second mapping rule, and write the obtained ontology knowledge into the ontology knowledge base.
In some embodiments, the functional module 23 is further configured to convert the instance knowledge queried from the ontology knowledge base into corresponding display interface information according to a predetermined second mapping rule, convert the obtained display interface information into corresponding display classification information according to a predetermined first mapping rule, and send the display classification information to the control module 22. The control module 22 sends the display classification information to the visual interface module 21. The visual interface module 21 visually presents the resulting display classification information.
In some embodiments, the visual interface module 21 visually categorizes the resulting display categorization information according to the data attributes of the resulting display categorization information.
FIG. 4 is an exemplary block diagram of an ontology knowledge base instance data maintenance system, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
As shown in fig. 4, the visual interface module includes a text-based web page interactive interface. The user can perform operations such as adding, modifying, deleting, adding templates, adding batches, inquiring and the like through the interface. The function modules comprise modules such as an added instance, a template added instance, a modified instance, a deleted instance, a batch added instance and the like. Ontology knowledge base query is implemented based on SPARQL language. The data classification module includes a display data structure and a storage data structure.
The control module connects the visual interface module, the functional module and the data classification module through different interfaces. For example, the control module interface may be divided into a data input output interface, a data classification interface, an ontology generation interface, and a knowledge base access interface. The data input/output interface is used for being connected with the display interface module. The data classification interface is used for being connected with the data classification module. The ontology generating interface is used for being connected with the knowledge base writing module. The knowledge base access interface is used for being connected with the knowledge base query module.
In some embodiments, the visual interface is an intermediary connecting the system and the user. The system background presents the data read from the ontology knowledge base to the user through a visual interface, and the user inputs new knowledge points on the visual interface and submits the new knowledge points to the system background to finish updating the ontology knowledge base. For better user interaction, the visual interface classifies and presents the data by attribute.
The function module comprises two functions of reading (inquiring) and writing, wherein the reading function refers to reading out required data from a specified body file and extracting knowledge points; the writing function refers to packaging the new knowledge points into new knowledge according to the rule of the ontology code, and writing the new knowledge points into the corresponding files.
The data classification module is a module for defining a data structure of data required by the system, and is mainly divided into two major categories of display data and storage data according to the system requirement, and the data classification module is separated from other functions of the system by utilizing a configuration file to store data classification rules, so that independent maintenance of data attributes is facilitated.
The control module is equivalent to the central center of the whole system and is responsible for the allocation work of the system. The visual interface, the functional module and the data classification module are connected through different interfaces. The data classification module cleans the data read in the function module through the control module, and the data are split into data which can be used by the visual interface and are presented on the visual interface. And the data obtained on the visual interface is connected with a data classification module through a control module to be packaged into a form available for the body knowledge base code, and then is connected with a functional module through the control module to be written into a file.
Fig. 5 is an exemplary block diagram of an ontology knowledge base instance data maintenance apparatus of a further embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 5, the ontology repository instance data maintenance apparatus includes a memory 51 and a processor 52.
The memory 51 is for storing instructions and the processor 52 is coupled to the memory 51, the processor 52 being configured to perform a method as referred to in any of the embodiments of fig. 1 based on the instructions stored by the memory.
As shown in fig. 5, the apparatus further comprises a communication interface 53 for information interaction with other devices. Also, the apparatus includes a bus 54, and the processor 52, the communication interface 53, and the memory 51 communicate with each other via the bus 54.
The memory 51 may comprise a high-speed RAM memory or may further comprise a non-volatile memory (non-volatile memory), such as at least one disk memory. The memory 51 may also be a memory array. The memory 51 may also be partitioned and the blocks may be combined into virtual volumes according to certain rules.
Further, the processor 52 may be a central processing unit CPU, or may be an application specific integrated circuit ASIC, or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement embodiments of the present disclosure.
The present disclosure also relates to a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon computer instructions which, when executed by a processor, implement a method as referred to in any of the embodiments of fig. 1.
In some embodiments, the functional unit blocks described above may be implemented as general-purpose processors, programmable logic controllers (Programmable Logic Controller, abbreviated as PLCs), digital signal processors (Digital Signal Processor, abbreviated as DSPs), application specific integrated circuits (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, abbreviated as ASICs), field programmable gate arrays (Field-Programmable Gate Array, abbreviated as FPGAs) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, or any suitable combination thereof for performing the functions described in the present disclosure.
Through the real-time disclosure, the following beneficial effects can be obtained:
1. taking the user updated knowledge as a starting point of the service, the user only needs to add instance knowledge specific data and does not need to know the specific instance structure of the ontology knowledge base;
2. the method can enable non-technical personnel to visually update the ontology knowledge base instance in real time, automatically generate corresponding ontologies, and reduce the manual data maintenance cost.
3. The user can make minor changes according to the existing examples, and the method is used for adding the ontology examples, so that the data maintenance efficiency is higher.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the steps for implementing the above embodiments may be implemented by hardware, or may be implemented by a program for instructing relevant hardware, where the program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and the storage medium may be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc.
The description of the present disclosure has been presented for purposes of illustration and description, and is not intended to be exhaustive or limited to the disclosure in the form disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the disclosure and the practical application, and to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the disclosure for various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated.
Claims (8)
1. A method for maintaining ontology knowledge base instance data comprises the following steps:
inquiring corresponding instance knowledge from an ontology knowledge base according to the instance name inquiry information input by a user, wherein the similarity between the instance name of the instance knowledge and the instance name inquiry information is greater than a preset threshold;
visually presenting the instance knowledge so that a user modifies the instance knowledge to obtain newly added knowledge data;
writing the newly added knowledge data into an ontology knowledge base to serve as example knowledge of a newly added example;
wherein writing the newly added knowledge data into the ontology knowledge base comprises:
according to a preset first mapping rule, converting the newly-added knowledge data visually presented into corresponding display interface information;
converting the obtained display interface information into corresponding ontology knowledge base knowledge according to a preset second mapping rule;
and writing the obtained knowledge of the ontology knowledge base into the ontology knowledge base.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein after querying the ontology knowledge base for the corresponding instance knowledge, further comprising:
according to a preset second mapping rule, the queried instance knowledge is converted into corresponding display interface information;
converting the obtained display interface information into corresponding display classification information according to a preset first mapping rule;
the resulting display classification information is visually presented.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein visually presenting the resulting display classification information comprises:
and carrying out visual classified presentation on the obtained display classified information according to the data attribute of the obtained display classified information.
4. An ontology knowledge base instance data maintenance device, comprising:
the visual interface module is configured to send the received instance name query information input by the user to the control module; the system is also configured to visually present the instance knowledge after receiving the instance knowledge sent by the control module, so that a user modifies the instance knowledge to obtain new knowledge data, and the new knowledge data is sent to the control module;
the control module is configured to call the functional module to inquire corresponding instance knowledge after receiving instance name inquiry information input by a user, and send the inquired instance knowledge to the visual interface module; the system is also configured to call the function module to write the newly added knowledge data into the ontology knowledge base after receiving the newly added knowledge data;
a data classification module configured to store predetermined first and second mapping rules;
the function module is configured to query corresponding instance knowledge from the ontology knowledge base according to the call of the control module, wherein the similarity between the instance name of the instance knowledge and the instance name query information is greater than a preset threshold; the system is further configured to write the newly added knowledge data into an ontology knowledge base according to the call of the control module to serve as instance knowledge of the newly added instance; the system is further configured to convert the newly added knowledge data of the visual presentation into corresponding display interface information according to a preset first mapping rule, convert the obtained display interface information into corresponding ontology knowledge according to a preset second mapping rule, and write the obtained ontology knowledge into the ontology knowledge base.
5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein,
the function module is further configured to convert the instance knowledge queried from the ontology knowledge base into corresponding display interface information according to a predetermined second mapping rule, convert the obtained display interface information into corresponding display classification information according to a predetermined first mapping rule, and send the display classification information to the control module;
the control module is further configured to send display classification information to the visual interface module;
the visual interface module is further configured to visually present the resulting display classification information.
6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein,
the visual interface module is further configured to visually classify and present the obtained display classification information according to the data attribute of the obtained display classification information.
7. An ontology knowledge base instance data maintenance device, comprising:
a memory configured to store instructions;
a processor coupled to the memory, the processor configured to perform a method implementing any of claims 1-3 based on instructions stored by the memory.
8. A computer readable storage medium storing computer instructions which, when executed by a processor, implement the method of any one of claims 1-3.
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