CN111209406A - Ontology knowledge base instance data maintenance method and device - Google Patents
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Abstract
The disclosure provides a method and a device for maintaining ontology knowledge base instance data. The ontology knowledge base instance data maintenance device queries corresponding instance knowledge from an ontology knowledge base according to instance name query information input by a user, wherein the similarity between the instance name of the instance knowledge and the instance name query information is greater than a preset threshold; the example knowledge is visually presented, so that a user can modify the example knowledge to obtain newly added knowledge data; and writing the newly added knowledge data into the ontology knowledge base to serve as the instance knowledge of the newly added instance. The method and the system can realize that a user obtains the newly added examples without knowing the specific example structure of the ontology knowledge base.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the field of knowledge engineering, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for maintaining ontology knowledge base instance data.
Background
Data maintenance of an ontology repository generally includes addition, modification, deletion, and querying of class (attribute) knowledge and instance knowledge. There are generally two approaches to data maintenance: and the ontology visualization operation software and the ontology code. Both approaches are commonly used for static knowledge base maintenance, such as class (attribute) knowledge, but are inefficient for dynamic knowledge base maintenance, such as instance knowledge. Due to the characteristic of body structuralization, the operation method of the visualization software is complex, and the code maintenance has high technical requirements on operators.
The characteristics of maintaining the knowledge of the ontology knowledge base examples mainly comprise: the iteration of the example knowledge is fast, and frequent or even real-time maintenance is needed; the cost of data maintenance is high, the automation difficulty of dynamically maintaining the ontology knowledge base is increased by the structured knowledge, and therefore the labor cost is greatly increased. The high-cost ontology knowledge base has the disadvantage in the aspect of instance knowledge data maintenance, and if the dynamic instance knowledge maintenance system can allow authorized ordinary users to update at any time, the cost for maintaining the knowledge base is effectively reduced.
The existing ontology knowledge base has the following defects in the aspect of instance knowledge data maintenance:
1) the body structure is complicated, generally carries out artifical data maintenance, and the error is big, inefficiency.
Ontology visualization operating software: manual operation, tiny data errors in the operation process are not easy to find, the operation time is long, and the efficiency is low;
ontology code: the code can be subjected to designated class construction of the ontology in batches, but the method is not suitable for updating and maintaining the ontology knowledge base, particularly, when the example of small data is modified, knowledge points needing to be modified in the code need to be found, and the workload of manual operation is large.
2) The new instance knowledge with small difference with the original knowledge in the knowledge base also needs to be updated with the same workload.
The example knowledge is an important component in the ontology knowledge base, and in many fields, the example knowledge has small difference but large quantity, needs to be updated regularly, and has large workload.
3) The maintenance of ontology data can only be performed by professional technicians.
Both ontology visual operation software and ontology codes can be operated only by professional technicians, but in practice, a lot of knowledge, especially a small amount of trivial example knowledge, is discovered by users in the application process, and professional limitations make the users unable to supplement a knowledge base in time.
4) The real-time property of the ontology instance knowledge data maintenance is poor.
When the fact knowledge iteration is needed in the ontology, a professional can not update the ontology version in time and place the ontology version in the server, so that the application end can not receive the knowledge of the new ontology in real time.
Disclosure of Invention
The method and the device for adding the instance knowledge data can realize the scheme of adding the new instance by adding the instance knowledge data under the condition that a user does not need to know the specific instance structure of the ontology knowledge base.
In accordance with an aspect of one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided an ontology repository instance data maintenance method, including: inquiring corresponding instance knowledge from an ontology knowledge base according to instance name inquiry information input by a user, wherein the similarity between the instance name of the instance knowledge and the instance name inquiry information is greater than a preset threshold; the example knowledge is visually presented so that a user can modify the example knowledge to obtain newly added knowledge data; and writing the newly added knowledge data into an ontology knowledge base to serve as the example knowledge of the newly added examples.
In some embodiments, writing the new knowledge data into the ontology repository comprises: converting the newly added knowledge data which is visually presented into corresponding display interface information according to a preset first mapping rule; converting the obtained display interface information into corresponding ontology knowledge according to a preset second mapping rule; and writing the obtained knowledge of the ontology knowledge base into the ontology knowledge base.
In some embodiments, after querying the corresponding instance knowledge from the ontology knowledge base, the method further includes: converting the inquired instance knowledge into corresponding display interface information according to a preset second mapping rule; converting the obtained display interface information into corresponding display classification information according to a preset first mapping rule; and visually presenting the obtained display classification information.
In some embodiments, visually presenting the resulting display classification information comprises: and performing visual classified presentation on the obtained display classification information according to the data attribute of the obtained display classification information.
In accordance with another aspect of one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided an ontology repository instance data maintenance apparatus, including: the visual interface module is configured to send the received instance name query information input by the user to the control module; the system is also configured to visually present the instance knowledge after receiving the instance knowledge sent by the control module, so that a user can modify the instance knowledge to obtain new knowledge data and send the new knowledge data to the control module; the control module is configured to call the function module to inquire corresponding instance knowledge after receiving instance name inquiry information input by a user, and send the inquired instance knowledge to the visual interface module; the system is also configured to call the function module to write the newly added knowledge data into the ontology knowledge base after receiving the newly added knowledge data; the function module is configured to query corresponding instance knowledge from the ontology knowledge base according to the calling of the control module, wherein the similarity between the instance name of the instance knowledge and the instance name query information is greater than a preset threshold; and the system is also configured to write the newly added knowledge data into the ontology knowledge base according to the call of the control module to serve as the instance knowledge of the newly added instance.
In some embodiments, the above apparatus further comprises: a data classification module configured to store a predetermined first mapping rule and a second mapping rule; the function module is also configured to convert the newly added knowledge data visually presented into corresponding display interface information according to a predetermined first mapping rule, convert the obtained display interface information into corresponding ontology knowledge according to a predetermined second mapping rule, and write the obtained ontology knowledge into the ontology knowledge base.
In some embodiments, the function module is further configured to convert the instance knowledge queried from the ontology knowledge base into corresponding display interface information according to a predetermined second mapping rule, convert the obtained display interface information into corresponding display classification information according to a predetermined first mapping rule, and send the display classification information to the control module; the control module is further configured to send the display classification information to the visualization interface module; the visualization interface module is further configured to visually present the resulting display classification information.
In some embodiments, the visualization interface module is further configured to perform a visual classification presentation on the obtained display classification information according to the data attribute of the obtained display classification information.
In accordance with another aspect of one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided an ontology repository instance data maintenance apparatus, including: a memory configured to store instructions; a processor coupled to the memory, the processor configured to perform a method according to any of the embodiments described above based on instructions stored in the memory.
According to another aspect of one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, which when executed by a processor, implement a method as described above in relation to any one of the embodiments.
Other features of the present disclosure and advantages thereof will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments thereof, which proceeds with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present disclosure or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is an exemplary flow chart of an ontology repository instance data maintenance method according to one embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is an exemplary block diagram of an ontology repository instance data maintenance apparatus according to one embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is an exemplary block diagram of an ontology repository instance data maintenance apparatus according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is an exemplary block diagram of an ontology repository instance data maintenance system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 5 is an exemplary block diagram of an ontology repository instance data maintenance apparatus according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, and not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the disclosure, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments disclosed herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.
The relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions, and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present disclosure unless specifically stated otherwise.
Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective portions shown in the drawings are not drawn in an actual proportional relationship for the convenience of description.
Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate.
In all examples shown and discussed herein, any particular value should be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, further discussion thereof is not required in subsequent figures.
FIG. 1 is an exemplary flow chart of a method for maintaining data of an ontology repository instance according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, the method steps of the present embodiment may be performed by an ontology repository instance data maintenance device.
In step 101, according to the instance name query information input by the user, querying out corresponding instance knowledge from the ontology knowledge base, wherein the similarity between the instance name of the instance knowledge and the instance name query information is greater than a predetermined threshold.
In step 102, the instance knowledge is visually presented so that the user can modify the instance knowledge to obtain the new knowledge data.
In some embodiments, a two-layer mapped display data representation approach is employed. The first layer is the mapping of the ontology knowledge base knowledge and the display interface information, the data structure comprises data type rules, display page names, data input categories and ontology knowledge names, the contained contents are arranged according to convention rules, and the ontology knowledge names need to use actual names in the ontology knowledge base. The second layer structure is the mapping of display interface information and display classification information, the data structure comprises display page names, affiliated page classification names, data types, input forms and input selectable items thereof, the contained contents are arranged according to a convention rule, and the display interface information is required to be the same as the display interface information of the first layer. The data structure presents the structured knowledge in the ontology according to an input mode acceptable by a user, so that the interaction of a visual interface is more friendly, the manual misoperation is reduced, and the low coupling between the data and the system program is ensured.
In some embodiments, after querying the corresponding instance knowledge from the ontology knowledge base, the queried instance knowledge is converted into corresponding display interface information according to a predetermined second mapping rule. And then, converting the obtained display interface information into corresponding display classification information according to a preset first mapping rule, and visually presenting the obtained display classification information. That is, with a preset two-layer mapping, the instance data is converted into user-friendly visualization data for visualization presentation.
For example, the obtained display classification information is displayed in a visually classified manner according to the data attribute of the obtained display classification information. By carrying out classified presentation according to the data attributes, the watching and editing experience of the user can be effectively improved.
In step 103, the newly added knowledge data is written into the ontology knowledge base as the instance knowledge of the newly added instance.
In some embodiments, the newly added knowledge data visually presented is converted into corresponding display interface information according to a predetermined first mapping rule. And converting the obtained display interface information into corresponding ontology knowledge according to a preset second mapping rule, and writing the obtained ontology knowledge into an ontology knowledge base. Namely, the visual data is converted into the example data in the ontology knowledge base through the preset two-layer mapping.
For example, after the display interface module acquires data, the display interface module packages and transmits the data type rule, the ontology knowledge name and the corresponding specific data to the control module through a preset rule, and the control module calls the storage function module, cleans and extracts the data, and converts the data into corresponding codes according to the ontology rule. That is, data accepted by a user to facilitate visualization is translated into structured instance knowledge of an ontology.
In the method for maintaining instance data of an ontology repository provided by the above embodiment of the present disclosure, a user queries instance knowledge with similar instance names and modifies the instance knowledge to obtain new knowledge data. By writing the added knowledge data into the ontology knowledge base, a user can obtain an added instance without knowing the specific instance structure of the ontology knowledge base.
For example, the ontology repository has instance A, instance B, and instance C. The instances that the user wishes to add are similar to instance a, whereby the user queries instance a from the ontology repository and modifies the instance knowledge of instance a to obtain additional knowledge data. The newly added knowledge data is written into the ontology knowledge base to serve as the instance knowledge of the newly added instance A1.
FIG. 2 is an exemplary flow diagram of an ontology repository instance data maintenance apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 2, the ontology repository instance data maintenance device includes a visualization interface module 21, a control module 22 and a function module 23.
The function module 23 is configured to query the corresponding instance knowledge from the ontology knowledge base according to the call of the control module 22, wherein the similarity between the instance name of the instance knowledge and the instance name query information is greater than a predetermined threshold. The function module 23 is further configured to write the newly added knowledge data into the ontology repository as instance knowledge of the newly added instance, according to the call of the control module 22.
In the ontology repository instance data maintenance device provided by the above embodiment of the present disclosure, the user queries instance knowledge with similar instance names and modifies the instance knowledge to obtain new knowledge data. By writing the added knowledge data into the ontology knowledge base, a user can obtain an added instance without knowing the specific instance structure of the ontology knowledge base.
FIG. 3 is an exemplary block diagram of an ontology repository instance data maintenance apparatus according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig. 3 differs from fig. 2 in that, in the embodiment shown in fig. 3, a data classification module 24 is also included.
The data classification module 24 is configured to store predetermined first and second mapping rules.
It should be noted that, in some embodiments, a two-layer mapping display data representation method is used. The first layer is the mapping of the ontology knowledge base knowledge and the display interface information, the data structure comprises data type rules, display page names, data input categories and ontology knowledge names, the contained contents are arranged according to convention rules, and the ontology knowledge names need to use actual names in the ontology knowledge base. The second layer structure is the mapping of display interface information and display classification information, the data structure comprises display page names, affiliated page classification names, data types, input forms and input selectable items thereof, the contained contents are arranged according to a convention rule, and the display interface information is required to be the same as the display interface information of the first layer. The data structure presents the structured knowledge in the ontology according to an input mode acceptable by a user, so that the interaction of a visual interface is more friendly, the manual misoperation is reduced, and the low coupling between the data and the system program is ensured.
For example, the first mapping rule is a mapping rule of the display interface information and the display classification information, and the second mapping rule is a mapping rule of the ontology knowledge base knowledge and the display interface information.
In some embodiments, the function module 23 is further configured to convert the newly added knowledge data visually presented into corresponding display interface information according to a predetermined first mapping rule, convert the obtained display interface information into corresponding ontology knowledge according to a predetermined second mapping rule, and write the obtained ontology knowledge into the ontology knowledge base.
In some embodiments, the function module 23 is further configured to convert the instance knowledge queried from the ontology repository into corresponding display interface information according to a predetermined second mapping rule, convert the obtained display interface information into corresponding display classification information according to a predetermined first mapping rule, and send the display classification information to the control module 22. The control module 22 sends the display classification information to the visualization interface module 21. Visualization interface module 21 visually presents the resulting display classification information.
In some embodiments, the visualization interface module 21 performs a visual classification presentation on the obtained display classification information according to the data attribute of the obtained display classification information.
FIG. 4 is an exemplary block diagram of an ontology repository instance data maintenance system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
As shown in FIG. 4, the visualization interface module includes a text-based web page interactive interface. The user can carry out operations of adding, modifying, deleting, template adding, batch adding, inquiring and the like through the interface. The functional modules comprise modules of adding examples, adding examples according to templates, modifying examples, deleting examples, adding examples in batches and the like. Ontology knowledge base query is implemented based on SPARQL language. The data classification module includes a display data structure and a storage data structure.
The control module connects the visual interface module, the function module and the data classification module through different interfaces. For example, the control module interface may be divided into a data input output interface, a data classification interface, an ontology generation interface, and a repository access interface. The data input and output interface is used for being connected with the display interface module. The data classification interface is used for being connected with the data classification module. The ontology generating interface is used for being connected with the knowledge base writing module. The knowledge base access interface is used for being connected with the knowledge base query module.
In some embodiments, the visualization interface is an intermediary connecting the system and the user. And the data read from the ontology knowledge base by the system background is presented to the user through a visual interface, and the user inputs new knowledge points on the visual interface and submits the new knowledge points to the system background to complete the updating of the ontology knowledge base. For better user interaction, the visualization interface presents the data sorted by attribute.
The function module comprises two functions of reading (inquiring) and writing, wherein the reading function is to read out required data from a specified body file and extract knowledge points; the writing function is to encapsulate the new knowledge points into new knowledge according to the body code rule and write the new knowledge points into the corresponding files.
The data classification module is a module for defining a data structure of data required by the system, the data classification module is mainly divided into two categories of display data and storage data according to system requirements, a configuration file is used for storing data classification rules, and the data classification rules are separated from other functions of the system, so that the data attributes can be maintained independently.
The control module is equivalent to the central pivot of the whole system and is responsible for the allocation work of the system. The visual interface, the functional module and the data classification module are connected through different interfaces. And the data classification module cleans the data read from the functional module through the control module, and the data are sub-packaged into data which can be used by a visual interface and are displayed on the visual interface. The data obtained on the visual interface is connected with the data classification module through the control module and packaged into a form that the ontology knowledge base code can be used, and then is connected with the function module through the control module and written into a file.
FIG. 5 is an exemplary block diagram of an ontology repository instance data maintenance apparatus according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 5, the ontology repository instance data maintenance device includes a memory 51 and a processor 52.
The memory 51 is used for storing instructions, the processor 52 is coupled to the memory 51, and the processor 52 is configured to execute the method according to any embodiment in fig. 1 based on the instructions stored in the memory.
As shown in fig. 5, the apparatus further includes a communication interface 53 for information interaction with other devices. Meanwhile, the device also comprises a bus 54, and the processor 52, the communication interface 53 and the memory 51 are communicated with each other through the bus 54.
The memory 51 may comprise a high-speed RAM memory, and may also include a non-volatile memory (non-volatile memory), such as at least one disk memory. The memory 51 may also be a memory array. The storage 51 may also be partitioned and the blocks may be combined into virtual volumes according to certain rules.
Further, the processor 52 may be a central processing unit CPU, or may be an application specific integrated circuit ASIC, or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement embodiments of the present disclosure.
The present disclosure also relates to a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and the instructions, when executed by a processor, implement the method according to any one of the embodiments in fig. 1.
In some embodiments, the functional unit modules described above may be implemented as a general purpose Processor, a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC), a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or other Programmable Logic device, discrete gate or transistor Logic, discrete hardware components, or any suitable combination thereof for performing the functions described in this disclosure.
Through this real-time disclosure, can obtain following beneficial effect:
1. the user only needs to add specific example knowledge data and does not need to know the specific example structure of the ontology knowledge base;
2. the method and the system can enable non-technical personnel to visually update the ontology knowledge base instance in real time, automatically generate the corresponding ontology, and reduce the manual data maintenance cost.
3. The user can make slight changes according to the existing instance and is used for adding an ontology instance, so that the data maintenance efficiency is higher.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the steps for implementing the above embodiments may be implemented by hardware, or may be implemented by a program instructing relevant hardware, where the program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the above-mentioned storage medium may be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc.
The description of the present disclosure has been presented for purposes of illustration and description, and is not intended to be exhaustive or limited to the disclosure in the form disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to practitioners skilled in this art. The embodiment was chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the disclosure and the practical application, and to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the disclosure for various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated.
Claims (10)
1. A method for maintaining data of an ontology knowledge base instance comprises the following steps:
inquiring corresponding instance knowledge from an ontology knowledge base according to instance name inquiry information input by a user, wherein the similarity between the instance name of the instance knowledge and the instance name inquiry information is greater than a preset threshold;
the example knowledge is visually presented so that a user can modify the example knowledge to obtain newly added knowledge data;
and writing the newly added knowledge data into an ontology knowledge base to serve as the example knowledge of the newly added examples.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein writing the added knowledge data into an ontology repository comprises:
converting the newly added knowledge data which is visually presented into corresponding display interface information according to a preset first mapping rule;
converting the obtained display interface information into corresponding ontology knowledge according to a preset second mapping rule;
and writing the obtained knowledge of the ontology knowledge base into the ontology knowledge base.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein after querying the ontology repository for the corresponding instance knowledge, further comprising:
converting the inquired instance knowledge into corresponding display interface information according to a preset second mapping rule;
converting the obtained display interface information into corresponding display classification information according to a preset first mapping rule;
and visually presenting the obtained display classification information.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein visually presenting the resulting display classification information comprises:
and performing visual classified presentation on the obtained display classification information according to the data attribute of the obtained display classification information.
5. An ontology repository instance data maintenance device, comprising:
the visual interface module is configured to send the received instance name query information input by the user to the control module; the system is also configured to visually present the instance knowledge after receiving the instance knowledge sent by the control module, so that a user can modify the instance knowledge to obtain new knowledge data and send the new knowledge data to the control module;
the control module is configured to call the function module to inquire corresponding instance knowledge after receiving instance name inquiry information input by a user, and send the inquired instance knowledge to the visual interface module; the system is also configured to call the function module to write the newly added knowledge data into the ontology knowledge base after receiving the newly added knowledge data;
the function module is configured to query corresponding instance knowledge from the ontology knowledge base according to the calling of the control module, wherein the similarity between the instance name of the instance knowledge and the instance name query information is greater than a preset threshold; and the system is also configured to write the newly added knowledge data into the ontology knowledge base according to the call of the control module to serve as the instance knowledge of the newly added instance.
6. The apparatus of claim 5, further comprising:
a data classification module configured to store a predetermined first mapping rule and a second mapping rule;
the function module is also configured to convert the newly added knowledge data visually presented into corresponding display interface information according to a predetermined first mapping rule, convert the obtained display interface information into corresponding ontology knowledge according to a predetermined second mapping rule, and write the obtained ontology knowledge into the ontology knowledge base.
7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein,
the function module is also configured to convert the instance knowledge inquired from the ontology knowledge base into corresponding display interface information according to a predetermined second mapping rule, convert the obtained display interface information into corresponding display classification information according to a predetermined first mapping rule, and send the display classification information to the control module;
the control module is further configured to send the display classification information to the visualization interface module;
the visualization interface module is further configured to visually present the resulting display classification information.
8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein,
the visualization interface module is also configured to perform visualization classification presentation on the obtained display classification information according to the data attribute of the obtained display classification information.
9. An ontology repository instance data maintenance device, comprising:
a memory configured to store instructions;
a processor coupled to the memory, the processor configured to perform implementing the method of any of claims 1-4 based on instructions stored by the memory.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions which, when executed by a processor, implement the method of any one of claims 1-4.
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| WO2023160650A1 (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2023-08-31 | International Business Machines Corporation | Synchronizing a sensor network and an ontology |
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