CN111208494B - Method of laser radar detection system with ozone absorption self-correction function - Google Patents
Method of laser radar detection system with ozone absorption self-correction function Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/497—Means for monitoring or calibrating
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/65—Raman scattering
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/88—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S17/95—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications for meteorological use
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/4802—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00 using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/10—Information and communication technologies [ICT] supporting adaptation to climate change, e.g. for weather forecasting or climate simulation
Abstract
The laser radar detection system comprises a detector module, wherein the detector module comprises three dichroic mirrors and three detector units, each dichroic mirror divides a light beam into two paths, one path of light beam is reflected to the corresponding detector unit, the other path of light beam is reflected to the next dichroic mirror to split the light beam, and the three detector units correspondingly receive vibration-rotation Raman scattering echo signals of water vapor molecules, nitrogen molecules and oxygen molecules. According to the invention, a channel for receiving the oxygen molecule vibration-conversion Raman scattering echo signal is added in the solar blind water vapor Raman laser radar, and the laser radar directly measures the Raman scattering echo signals of the water vapor molecules, the nitrogen molecules and the oxygen molecules, so that a hardware basis is provided for obtaining the vertical distribution of the water vapor mixing ratio, and the distribution of the ozone concentration does not need to be measured by other equipment or inverted from the solar blind laser radar measurement signal, thereby reducing the measurement cost and improving the measurement precision.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of radar detection, in particular to a method of a laser radar detection system with an ozone absorption self-correction function.
Background
The Raman laser radar is an effective tool for measuring high-resolution space-time distribution of water vapor in the boundary layer, and has important application value for researching various physical processes in the boundary layer. However, the raman scattering echo signal of water vapor is very weak, and the detection capability is greatly limited due to the interference of background light in the daytime. In order to improve the detection capability of the raman lidar in the daytime, a laser transmitting device with large pulse energy, a receiving telescope with large caliber and small field of view and a narrow-band interference filter F are generally adopted, so that the raman lidar has large volume and weight, high cost and certain limitation in use. By adopting the solar blind technology, the influence of sky background light can be effectively reduced, the size and the weight of the Raman laser radar are relatively small, and the cost is relatively low. Therefore, the raman lidar based on the solar blind technology has certain advantages in the day-night continuous measurement of the boundary layer water vapor, but due to the influence of the absorption difference of ozone on the raman scattering wavelengths of the water vapor and the nitrogen molecules, the influence of ozone absorption needs to be corrected, and the water vapor mixing ratio can be accurately measured. At present, the measurement data of the solar blind raman lidar is usually corrected by adopting the data of the ozone distribution output by another ozone lidar measurement or mode, so that the measurement cost is increased, certain measurement errors can be introduced, and the application of the solar blind raman lidar is limited to a great extent.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to reduce the cost on the premise of measuring the high-resolution space-time distribution of water vapor in the boundary layer, the invention provides a method of a laser radar detection system with an ozone absorption self-correction function. The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a laser radar detection system with ozone absorbs self-calibration function, includes the detector module, the detector module includes three dichroic mirror, three detector unit, and every dichroic mirror divides into two the tunnel with the light beam, reflects to the detector unit that corresponds all the way, and another way reflects and carries out the beam splitting on next dichroic mirror, and three detector unit corresponds including receiving the shake-change raman scattering echo signal of steam molecule, nitrogen gas molecule, oxygen molecule.
Furthermore, the system also comprises a detector module and a control module, wherein the detector module and the control module are sequentially arranged at the front end of the detector module
The transmitting module is used for transmitting laser with set wavelength to the atmosphere;
the receiving module is used for receiving a scattered echo signal comprising atmospheric information;
and also comprises a detector module arranged at the rear end thereof
The data acquisition module is used for acquiring echo signals in each detector unit;
and the upper computer obtains signals in the data acquisition module and is connected with the controlled end of the laser.
The device comprises a detector module, three detector units are respectively a first detector unit, a second detector unit and a third detector unit, the first detector unit comprises a first detector for receiving water vapor molecular oscillation-Raman scattering echo signals with the wavelength of 295nm, the second detector unit comprises a second detector for receiving nitrogen molecular oscillation-Raman scattering echo signals with the wavelength of 284nm, and the third detector unit comprises a third detector for receiving oxygen molecular oscillation-Raman scattering echo signals with the wavelength of 277 nm.
Further limiting the detector module, each detector unit further comprises a narrow-band interference filter F and a lens L which are arranged between the dichroic mirror and the detector and are arranged according to the light path.
And defining a transmitting module, wherein the laser outputs a laser with the wavelength of 266nm, the transmitting module further comprises a beam expander for reducing the divergence angle of a laser beam output by the laser and a reflector M1 for reflecting the expanded laser to the atmosphere.
And limiting a receiving module, wherein the receiving module comprises a receiving telescope, a receiving telescope and a collimating eyepiece which are sequentially arranged, the receiving telescope is used for receiving a transmitting signal with atmospheric information, and the collimating eyepiece is used for calibrating the signal received by the receiving telescope.
The method for using the laser radar detection system with the ozone absorption self-correction function comprises the following steps:
s1, an upper computer obtains a vibration-conversion Raman scattering echo signal intensity function of water vapor molecules, nitrogen molecules and oxygen molecules;
s2, obtaining a measured water-vapor mixing ratio function according to the vibration-to-Raman scattering echo signal intensity function of the water-vapor molecules and the vibration-to-Raman scattering echo signal intensity function of the nitrogen molecules;
and S3, dividing the intensity function of the vibration-to-rotation Raman scattering echo signal of the nitrogen molecule and the intensity function of the vibration-to-rotation Raman scattering echo signal of the oxygen molecule, obtaining the transmittance correction of the air molecule and the atmospheric aerosol according to the existing water vapor Raman laser radar data processing technology, further obtaining an ozone transmittance correction function from the functions obtained after the division, and substituting the ozone transmittance correction function into a water-vapor mixing ratio function to obtain the spatial distribution of the water-vapor mixing ratio.
For further explanation of step S1, the intensity functions of the vibration-to-raman scattering echo signals of the water vapor molecules, the nitrogen gas molecules and the oxygen gas molecules in step S1 are respectively expressed as:
wherein, P H (λ L ,λ H ,z)、P N (λ L ,λ N Z) and P O (λ L ,λ O Z) the oscillation-to-raman scattering echo signal intensities of the water vapor molecules, the nitrogen molecules and the oxygen molecules received by the laser radar respectively; k H 、K N And K O Respectively are system constants of a vibration-conversion Raman scattering echo signal receiving channel of water vapor molecules, nitrogen molecules and oxygen molecules of the laser radar; n is a radical of H (z)、N N (z)、N O (z) and N O3 (z) the molecular number densities of water vapor, nitrogen gas, oxygen gas and ozone, respectively; d sigma H (λ L ,λ H ,π)/dΩ、dσ N (λ L ,λ N π)/d Ω and d σ O (λ L ,λ O Pi)/d omega are the differential backward Raman scattering cross sections of the water vapor molecule, the nitrogen gas molecule and the oxygen gas molecule respectively; beta is a a And beta m Backscattering coefficients for atmospheric aerosol and air molecules, respectively; alpha is alpha a And alpha m Extinction coefficients of atmospheric aerosol and air molecules, respectively; sigma O3 Is the absorption cross section of the ozone molecule; lambda [ alpha ] L 、λ H 、λ N 、λ O Respectively the laser wavelength and the vibration-to-Raman scattering wavelength of water vapor molecules, nitrogen molecules and oxygen molecules; z is the distance of the scatterer from the lidar.
For further explanation of step S2, the formula of the water-steam mixing ratio obtained in step S2 is as follows:
wherein, C wv Is a water-gas mixing ratio calibration constant; k is the atmospheric aerosol quantity Angstrom constant.
To further explain step S3, the formula of the mixture ratio of water and vapor obtained in step S3 is obtained by subtracting the formula (2) and the formula (3) to obtain the following formula:
wherein, C O3 Is a system constant; by bringing formula (5) into formula (4),
wherein C is a system constant, which is related to the optical efficiency, the electronic gain, the molecular backscattering cross section and the number density ratio of nitrogen and oxygen of the system, and is obtained by calibrating the result of the laser radar measurement by utilizing the water-vapor mixing ratio measured by other equipment; eta is a constant related to the ozone absorption cross section.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) According to the invention, a channel for receiving the oxygen vibration-Raman scattering echo signal is added in the solar blind laser radar, and the laser radar directly measures the Raman scattering echo signals of water vapor, nitrogen and oxygen, so that a hardware basis is provided for obtaining the vertical distribution of the water vapor mixing ratio, and the distribution of the ozone concentration does not need to be measured by other equipment or inverted from the solar blind laser radar measurement signal, thereby reducing the measurement cost and improving the measurement precision.
(2) The Raman laser radar adopts a solar blind technology, so that the influence of daytime background light can be effectively reduced, and the signal to noise ratio of a detection signal is improved, but the concentration of a detected target gas (such as water vapor) can be accurately measured only by correcting the absorption difference of ozone on different wavelengths received by the laser radar due to the influence of the absorption of ozone in a solar blind spectral range. At present, the measurement data of the solar blind raman lidar is usually corrected by adopting the data of the ozone distribution output by another ozone lidar measurement or mode, so that the measurement cost is increased, certain measurement errors can be introduced, and the application of the solar blind raman lidar is limited to a great extent. The invention can promote the application of the Raman laser radar based on the solar blind technology in the continuous measurement of the water vapor in the boundary layer with high space-time resolution.
(3) The method has simple data processing, does not need to solve the integral equation, and eliminates the instability of random noise to the integral equation solution. In the prior art, an integral equation needs to be solved in ozone concentration measurement, and random noise in a measurement signal brings a large error to the solved ozone concentration, so that the precision of transmittance correction and the precision of water-vapor mixing ratio measurement are influenced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the present invention.
The notations in the figures have the following meanings:
11-laser 12-beam expander
21-receiving telescope 22-diaphragm 23-collimating eyepiece
3-detector module 4-data acquisition module 5-upper computer
Detailed Description
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a laser radar detection system with an ozone absorption self-correction function includes a transmitting module, a receiving module, a detector module 3, a data acquisition module 4, and an upper computer 5, which are sequentially disposed.
The transmitting module is used for transmitting laser with set wavelength to the atmosphere; the laser 11 includes a YAG laser as a laser light source, and outputs a laser output of 266nm after frequency doubling and frequency quadrupling of the fundamental laser. The transmitting module further comprises a beam expander 12 for reducing the divergence angle of the laser beam output by the laser 11, and a reflector M1 for reflecting the expanded laser beam to the atmosphere.
The receiving module is used for receiving the scattered echo signal with the atmospheric information; the receiving module comprises a receiving telescope 21, a diaphragm 22 and a collimating eyepiece 23 which are sequentially arranged, the receiving telescope 21 is used for receiving scattering echo signals with atmosphere information, and the collimating eyepiece 23 is used for collimating signals received by the receiving telescope 21.
The data acquisition module 4 is used for acquiring echo signals in each detector unit.
The upper computer 5 obtains signals in the data acquisition module 4 and is connected with the controlled end of the laser 11.
The principle of the embodiment is as follows: the transmitting unit transmits the emitted laser with the wavelength of 266nm to the atmosphere after beam expansion through the beam expander 12, the laser interacts with molecules and aerosol in the atmosphere, generated backscattering echo signals are received by the receiving module, then mixed optical signals are input into the detection module through different detector units, vibration-conversion Raman scattering echo signals of water vapor molecules, nitrogen molecules and oxygen molecules are respectively extracted and converted into corresponding electric signals, the data acquisition module 4 acquires the electric signals and then outputs the electric signals to the upper computer 5, and the upper computer 5 processes the electric signals, so that the water vapor solar blind Raman differential absorption laser radar system with the ozone absorption self-correction function is obtained.
It is noted that the present application also protects the detector module 3 as a separate product.
Example 2
A method of using the lidar detection system of embodiment 1 with ozone absorption self-correction capability, comprising the steps of:
s1, an upper computer 5 obtains a vibration-rotation Raman scattering echo signal intensity function of water vapor molecules, nitrogen molecules and oxygen molecules;
specifically, the vibration-to-rotation raman scattering echo signal intensity functions of the water vapor molecules, the nitrogen molecules and the oxygen molecules are respectively expressed as:
wherein, P H (λ L ,λ H ,z)、P N (λ L ,λ N Z) and P O (λ L ,λ O Z) the oscillation-to-raman scattering echo signal intensities of the water vapor molecules, the nitrogen molecules and the oxygen molecules received by the laser radar respectively; k H 、K N And K O Respectively are system constants of a vibration-conversion Raman scattering echo signal receiving channel of water vapor molecules, nitrogen molecules and oxygen molecules of the laser radar; n is a radical of H (z)、N N (z)、N O (z) and N O3 (z) is the molecular number density of water vapor, nitrogen, oxygen, and ozone, respectively; d σ H (λ L ,λ H ,π)/dΩ、dσ N (λ L ,λ N π)/d Ω and d σ O (λ L ,λ O Pi)/d omega are differential backward Raman scattering cross sections of water vapor molecules, nitrogen molecules and oxygen molecules respectively; beta is a beta a And beta m The backscattering coefficients of atmospheric aerosol and air molecules, respectively; alpha is alpha a And alpha m Extinction coefficients of atmospheric aerosol and air molecules, respectively; sigma O3 Is the absorption cross section of the ozone molecule; lambda [ alpha ] L 、λ H 、λ N 、λ O Respectively the laser wavelength and the vibration-to-Raman scattering wavelength of water vapor molecules, nitrogen molecules and oxygen molecules; z is the distance of the scatterer from the lidar.
S2, obtaining a measured water-vapor mixing ratio function from the formulas (1) and (2) according to the vibration-to-Raman scattering echo signal intensity function of the water-vapor molecules and the vibration-to-Raman scattering echo signal intensity function of the nitrogen molecules;
the formula of the water-vapor mixing ratio is as follows:
wherein, C wv Is a water-vapor mixing ratio calibration constant; k is the atmospheric aerosol quantity Angstrom constant; from the above formula, it can be seen that the water-vapor mixing ratio can be obtained only by correcting the difference in the transmittances of air molecules, atmospheric aerosol and ozone at the vibration-to-raman scattering wavelengths of water-vapor molecules and nitrogen molecules; the air molecule and atmospheric aerosol transmittance correction is mature in the data processing of the water vapor Raman laser radar, and the key point of the solar blind laser radar is the ozone transmittance correction.
And S3, dividing the intensity function of the vibration-to-rotation Raman scattering echo signal of the nitrogen molecule and the intensity function of the vibration-to-rotation Raman scattering echo signal of the oxygen molecule, obtaining the transmittance correction of the air molecule and the atmospheric aerosol according to the existing water vapor Raman laser radar data processing technology, further obtaining an ozone transmittance correction function from the functions obtained after the division, and substituting the ozone transmittance correction function into a water-vapor mixing ratio function to obtain the spatial distribution of the water-vapor mixing ratio.
That is, dividing equation (2) by equation (3) yields the following equation:
wherein, C O3 Is a system constant; by bringing formula (5) into formula (4),
wherein C is a system constant which is related to the optical efficiency, the electronic gain, the molecular backscattering cross section and the number density ratio of nitrogen and oxygen of the system, and the system constant C is obtained by calibrating the result of the laser radar measurement by utilizing the water-vapor mixing ratio measured by other equipment; eta is a constant associated with the ozone absorption cross section.
According to the invention, a channel for receiving the oxygen vibration-Raman scattering echo signal is added in the solar blind laser radar system, so that the Raman scattering echo signals of water vapor, nitrogen and oxygen measured by the laser radar can be directly brought into the formula (6), and the vertical distribution of the water vapor mixing ratio can be directly obtained, and the measurement of other equipment or the inversion of the distribution of the ozone concentration from the solar blind laser radar measurement signal is not needed. In the invention, the data processing is simple, the integral equation does not need to be solved, and the instability of random noise to the integral equation solution is eliminated.
The invention is not to be considered as limited to the specific embodiments shown and described, but is to be understood to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. The method for using the laser radar detection system with the ozone absorption self-correction function comprises a detector module (3), wherein the detector module (3) comprises three dichroic mirrors and three detector units, each dichroic mirror divides a light beam into two paths, one path of light beam is reflected to the corresponding detector unit, the other path of light beam is reflected to the next dichroic mirror to be split, the three detector units correspondingly comprise vibration-rotation Raman scattering echo signals for receiving water vapor molecules, nitrogen molecules and oxygen molecules, and the vibration-rotation Raman scattering echo signals are sequentially arranged at the front end of the detector module (3)
The transmitting module is used for transmitting laser with set wavelength to the atmosphere;
the receiving module is used for receiving a scattered echo signal comprising atmospheric information;
and also comprises a detector module (3) which is arranged at the rear end thereof in sequence
The data acquisition module (4) is used for acquiring echo signals in each detector unit;
the upper computer (5), the signal in the data acquisition module (4) of upper computer (5) acquisition and controlled end with laser instrument (11) are connected, characterized by, the method includes the following step:
s1, an upper computer (5) obtains a vibration-conversion Raman scattering echo signal intensity function of water vapor molecules, nitrogen molecules and oxygen molecules;
s2, obtaining a measured water-vapor mixing ratio function according to the vibration-to-Raman scattering echo signal intensity function of the water-vapor molecules and the vibration-to-Raman scattering echo signal intensity function of the nitrogen molecules;
s3, dividing the intensity function of the vibration-to-Raman scattering echo signal of the nitrogen molecule and the intensity function of the vibration-to-Raman scattering echo signal of the oxygen molecule, obtaining the transmittance correction of the air molecule and the atmospheric aerosol according to the existing water vapor Raman laser radar data processing technology, further obtaining an ozone transmittance correction function from the functions obtained after the division, substituting the ozone transmittance correction function into a water vapor mixing ratio function, and obtaining the spatial distribution of the water vapor mixing ratio;
the vibration-to-raman scattering echo signal intensity functions of the water vapor molecules, the nitrogen molecules and the oxygen molecules in the step S1 are respectively expressed as:
wherein, P H (λ L ,λ H ,z)、P N (λ L ,λ N Z) and P O (λ L ,λ O Z) the oscillation-to-raman scattering echo signal intensities of the water vapor molecules, the nitrogen molecules and the oxygen molecules received by the laser radar respectively; k H 、K N And K O Respectively are system constants of a vibration-conversion Raman scattering echo signal receiving channel of water vapor molecules, nitrogen molecules and oxygen molecules of the laser radar; n is a radical of H (z)、N N (z)、N O (z) and N O3 (z) is the molecular number density of water vapor, nitrogen, oxygen, and ozone, respectively; d sigma H (λ L ,λ H ,π)/dΩ、dσ N (λ L ,λ N π)/d Ω and d σ O (λ L ,λ O Pi)/d omega are the differential backward Raman scattering cross sections of the water vapor molecule, the nitrogen gas molecule and the oxygen gas molecule respectively; beta is a a And beta m Backscattering coefficients for atmospheric aerosol and air molecules, respectively; alpha is alpha a And alpha m Extinction coefficients of atmospheric aerosol and air molecules, respectively; sigma O3 Is the absorption cross section of the ozone molecule; lambda L 、λ H 、λ N 、λ O Respectively the laser wavelength and the vibration-to-Raman scattering wavelength of water vapor molecules, nitrogen molecules and oxygen molecules; z is the distance of the scatterer from the lidar.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the formula of the water/steam mixing ratio obtained in step S2 is as follows:
wherein, C wv Is a water-vapor mixing ratio calibration constant; k is the atmospheric aerosol quantity Angstrom constant.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the formula of the water/steam mixing ratio obtained in step S3 is obtained by subtracting the formula (2) and the formula (3) as follows:
wherein, C O3 Is a system constant; by bringing formula (5) into formula (4),
wherein C is a system constant which is related to the optical efficiency, the electronic gain, the molecular backscattering cross section and the number density ratio of nitrogen and oxygen of the system, and the system constant C is obtained by calibrating the result of the laser radar measurement by utilizing the water-vapor mixing ratio measured by other equipment; eta is a constant related to the ozone absorption cross section.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the three detector units are a first detector unit, a second detector unit, and a third detector unit, respectively, the first detector unit comprises a first detector for receiving a water vapor molecular oscillation-to-raman scattering echo signal with a wavelength of 295nm, the second detector unit comprises a second detector for receiving a nitrogen gas molecular oscillation-to-raman scattering echo signal with a wavelength of 284nm, and the third detector unit comprises a third detector for receiving an oxygen gas molecular oscillation-to-raman scattering echo signal with a wavelength of 277 nm.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein each detector unit further comprises a narrow-band interference filter F, a lens L disposed between the dichroic mirror and the detector and in an optical path.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the laser (11) outputs a laser (11) with a wavelength of 266nm, and the transmitting module further comprises a beam expander (12) for reducing a divergence angle of a laser beam output by the laser (11), and a reflector M1 for reflecting the expanded laser beam to the atmosphere.
7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the receiving module comprises a receiving telescope (21), a diaphragm (22) and a collimating eyepiece (23) which are arranged in sequence, wherein the receiving telescope (21) is used for receiving the scattered echo signal with the atmosphere information, and the collimating eyepiece (23) is used for collimating the signal received by the receiving telescope (21).
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