CN111208310A - GC-QTOF (gas chromatography-quantitative trait loci) detection method for aldehyde ketone flavor components in tobacco and tobacco products - Google Patents
GC-QTOF (gas chromatography-quantitative trait loci) detection method for aldehyde ketone flavor components in tobacco and tobacco products Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A GC-QTOF detection method of aldone flavor components in tobacco and tobacco products comprises the steps of firstly establishing 127 aldone flavor component databases, wherein the aldone flavor component databases comprise a primary full-scanning mass spectrogram, retention time, accurate mass of fragment ions, ion abundance ratio and retention indexes calculated by taking normal alkane series as reference of each aldone flavor component; secondly, performing primary full scanning on the tobacco sample to be detected to obtain primary full scanning data of the sample; and finally, accurately determining the sample measurement result by using a database, and accurately quantifying the aldehyde ketone fragrance components meeting qualitative conditions by using quantitative software. According to the method, on one hand, the aldone fragrance components can be identified by matching the actual mass spectrogram and the high-resolution mass spectrogram, on the other hand, accurate mass extraction can be performed by setting the target source as an established aldone fragrance component database, more than two characteristic ions are accurately detected, and the abundance ratio and retention time/index of the characteristic ions are consistent with those in the database as qualitative basis.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tobacco analysis, and particularly relates to a GC-QTOF (gas chromatography-quantitative trait loci) detection method for 127 aldehyde ketone flavor components in tobacco and tobacco products.
Background
The aldehyde ketone compounds in the tobacco are important flavor components and are closely related to the sensory quality and flavor taste of the tobacco. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) is the most commonly used method for analyzing volatile and semi-volatile components in tobacco samples, but because of the complex matrix of the tobacco samples, the qualitative and quantitative results are inaccurate due to the interference of characteristic ions or low content of target substances. In addition, when the traditional GC-MS analysis is adopted, the aldehyde ketone type fragrance component standard substance control is required for qualitative analysis, once the column is replaced, the retention time of the compound can drift, and the standard substance needs to be reused for determining the retention time. In actual work, most laboratories cannot realize high-flux, accurate, qualitative and quantitative analysis of aldehyde ketone fragrance components in samples due to the fact that fragrance component standard products are expensive and short in validity period and are not easy to store. A method for rapidly screening and quantitatively determining pesticide residues in tobacco by combining filter type solid phase extraction with GC-QTOF/MS and a GC-Q-TOF/MS detection technology for 708 pesticide residues in solanaceous vegetables are used for screening and detecting the pesticide residues in a complex sample by adopting a GC-QTOF method, so that the pesticide residues can be accurately determined without reference of a standard product, but the GC-QTOF analysis method of aldehyde ketone flavor components in the tobacco is not reported at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to establish a method for quickly detecting 127 aldehyde ketone flavor components in tobaccos and tobacco products. The method realizes the rapid detection of 127 aldehyde ketone fragrance components in the tobacco and tobacco products without standard substance comparison, and meets the requirement of high-flux rapid and accurate detection of the aldehyde ketone fragrance components in the current tobacco and tobacco products.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a GC-QTOF detection method of aldone flavor components in tobacco and tobacco products comprises the steps of firstly establishing 127 aldone flavor component databases, wherein the aldone flavor component databases comprise a primary full-scanning mass spectrogram, retention time, accurate mass of fragment ions, ion abundance ratio and retention indexes calculated by taking normal alkane series as reference of each aldone flavor component; secondly, performing primary full scanning on the tobacco and tobacco product samples to be detected to obtain primary full scanning data of the samples; and finally, accurately determining the sample measurement result by using a database, and accurately quantifying the aldehyde ketone fragrance components meeting qualitative conditions by using quantitative software. The method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) preparing an aldehyde ketone fragrance component standard substance into a standard solution of 1-5 mu g/mL, performing GC-QTOF primary full-scan analysis under set conditions to obtain a primary full-scan mass spectrogram, retention time, accurate fragment ion mass and ion abundance ratio of each aldehyde ketone fragrance component, and calculating the retention index of a target compound by taking an n-alkane series as reference;
(2) importing the primary full-scan data obtained in the step (1), the retention index and the high-resolution primary full-scan mass spectrum matched with NIST17 into PCDL software, and associating the PCDL software with corresponding aldehyde ketone fragrance component information to establish an accurate quality database; optimizing a quality extraction window;
(3) preparing a standard curve of 127 aldehyde ketone fragrance components in the formula d8-acetophenone as internal standard to correct the instrument response;
(4) performing primary full scanning on the tobacco and tobacco product samples under the same set conditions as the step (1) to obtain primary full scanning data of the tobacco and tobacco product samples;
(5) and (3) accurately determining the sample determination result by using a database, and accurately quantifying the aldehyde ketone fragrance components meeting qualitative conditions by using quantitative software.
In the invention, the aldehyde ketone flavor components meeting qualitative conditions are qualitatively determined by the following method; setting a database as a target source, setting a mass extraction window to be 3-10 mDa, accurately detecting more than two characteristic ions, and using the abundance ratio and retention time/index of the characteristic ions consistent with those in the database as qualitative basis.
The tobacco and tobacco products comprise tobacco leaves, cigarette tobacco shreds, tobacco shreds which are not combusted by heating and buccal cigarettes.
The pretreatment method of the sample in the step (4) is to weigh 1-5 g of tobacco and tobacco product samples, add 5-50 mL of phosphate buffer solution to adjust the pH value to 1-5, foam for 3-10 min, add 10-30 mL of acetonitrile and 20-100 mu L of 30.0mg/L d8An acetophenone internal standard working solution, then sequentially whirling, centrifuging and drying, and taking supernatant to pass through a 0.22 mu m organic phase filter membrane.
The mass spectrum chromatographic conditions in the GC-QTOF detection are as follows: a chromatographic column: DB-5MS UI elastic quartz capillary chromatographic column (60m × 0.25mm × 0.25 μm), with the sample inlet end connected in series with the pre-column (5m × 0.25 mm); carrier gas: high-purity He with the purity of 99.999 percent; constant flow mode, flow rate: 1.5 mL/min; sample inlet temperature: 290 ℃; sample introduction mode: no shunt sampling; sample introduction amount: 0.8 mu L; temperature rising procedure: the initial temperature is 50 ℃, the temperature is kept for 3min, then the temperature is increased to 75 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, the temperature is kept for 1min, then the temperature is increased to 150 ℃ at the speed of 1 ℃/min, the temperature is increased to 260 ℃ at the speed of 2 ℃/min, the temperature is kept for 1min, and finally the temperature is increased to 290 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, and the temperature is kept for 10 min;
an ion source: electron Impact (EI); electron energy: 70 eV; ion source temperature: 230 ℃; transmission line temperature: 280 ℃; a mass analyzer: four-step stick-time of flight; scanning mode: primary full scanning; mass scan range: 20 to 300 amu.
The specific names of the 127 aldehyde ketone flavor components are shown in the table 1:
table 1 database of 127 aldo-ketone fragrance ingredient information
Compared with the existing detection method, the method has the following advantages:
1. according to the method, on one hand, the aldone flavor components can be identified through matching of an actual mass spectrogram and a high-resolution mass spectrogram, on the other hand, accurate mass extraction can be performed by setting a target source as an established aldone flavor component database, a mass extraction window is 3-10 mDa, more than two characteristic ions are accurately detected, the abundance ratio and retention time/index of the characteristic ions are consistent with those in the database and serve as qualitative bases, and compared with the traditional GC-MS, the method can be used for more accurately qualitatively and quantitatively determining the aldone flavor components in the tobacco and tobacco products.
2. The invention takes normal alkane as a reference series, calculates the retention indexes of 127 aldehyde ketone fragrance components, combines an aldehyde ketone fragrance component database, realizes the accurate determination of the 127 aldehyde ketone fragrance components on the premise of not needing standard product comparison, and can save the cost for purchasing the standard product.
3. The GC-QTOF detection method established by the invention has the advantages that the primary full-scanning mode data acquisition is simple and convenient, the data acquisition is not limited by the scanning time period and the number of scanning ions, and all information of a sample can be acquired for data archiving. During the later data processing, corresponding qualitative and quantitative methods can be edited according to different requirements to analyze the sample.
Drawings
FIG. 1: examples of mass spectra of phenylacetaldehyde (a) and salicylaldehyde (b) in the database.
FIG. 2: and in the cut tobacco sample A, a mass spectrum of 20.59 minutes (a complete mass spectrum of 20.59 minutes, and a partial mass spectrum with b abundance lower than 1000).
FIG. 3: and (3) extracting characteristic ions of phenylacetaldehyde in the tobacco shred sample A to obtain an ion flow diagram.
FIG. 4: and (3) extracting characteristic ions of salicylaldehyde in the tobacco shred sample A to obtain an ion flow diagram.
FIG. 5: and (3) extracting an ion flow diagram of the 2-acetyl-5-methylfuran under a GC-QTOF full scanning mode and with the mass window of 0.5 Da.
FIG. 6: and (3) extracting an ion flow diagram of the 2-acetyl-5-methylfuran under a GC-QTOF full scanning mode and with a mass window of 3-10 mDa.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the following examples:
the GC-QTOF detection method of the aldone flavor components in the tobacco and the tobacco products comprises the following specific steps: (1) preparing 127 aldehyde ketone fragrance component standard substances into a standard solution of 1-5 mu g/mL, performing GC-QTOF primary full-scan analysis under set conditions to obtain a primary full-scan mass spectrogram, retention time, accurate fragment ion mass and ion abundance ratio of each aldehyde ketone fragrance component, and calculating the retention index of a target compound by taking an n-alkane series as reference;
(2) importing the primary full-scan data obtained in the step (1), the retention index and the high-resolution primary full-scan mass spectrum matched with NIST17 into PCDL software, and associating the PCDL software with corresponding aldehyde ketone fragrance component information to establish an accurate quality database; optimizing a quality extraction window;
(3) preparing a standard curve of 127 aldehyde ketone fragrance components in the formula d8-acetophenone as internal standard to correct the instrument response;
(4) performing primary full scanning on the tobacco and tobacco product samples under the same set conditions as the step (1) to obtain primary full scanning data of the tobacco and tobacco product samples;
(5) and (3) accurately determining the sample determination result by using a database, and accurately quantifying the aldehyde ketone fragrance components meeting qualitative conditions by using quantitative software.
Example 1
(1) Weighing 1-5 g of tobacco sample A, adding 5-50 mL of phosphate buffer solution to adjust the pH value to 1-5, soaking for 3-10 min, adding 10-30 mL of acetonitrile and 20-100 mu L of 30.0mg/L d 8-acetophenone internal standard working solution, sequentially performing vortex, centrifugation and drying, and taking the supernatant to pass through a 0.22 mu m organic phase filter membrane.
(2) The chromatographic conditions are as follows: a chromatographic column: DB-5MS UI elastic quartz capillary chromatographic column (60m × 0.25mm × 0.25 μm), with the sample inlet end connected in series with the pre-column (5m × 0.25 mm); carrier gas: high-purity He with the purity of 99.999 percent; constant flow mode, flow rate: 1.5 mL/min; sample inlet temperature: 290 ℃; sample introduction mode: no shunt sampling; sample introduction amount: 0.8. mu.L. Temperature rising procedure: the initial temperature is 50 deg.C, holding for 3min, raising to 75 deg.C at 5 deg.C/min, holding for 1min, raising to 150 deg.C at 1 deg.C/min, holding for 1min, raising to 260 deg.C at 2 deg.C/min, holding for 1min, and raising to 290 deg.C at 10 deg.C/min, and holding for 10 min. The mass spectrum conditions are as follows: an ion source: electron Impact (EI); electron energy: 70 eV; ion source temperature: 230 ℃; transmission line temperature: 280 ℃; a mass analyzer: four-step stick-time of flight; scanning mode: primary full scanning; mass scan range: 20 to 300 amu.
(3) GC-QTOF qualitative analysis
The method comprises the steps of performing qualitative determination on a compound by 'searching according to molecular formula' in Agilent MassHunter qualitative analysis software, setting a target source as an established aldehyde ketone fragrance component database, setting a mass extraction window to be 3-10 mDa, performing accurate mass extraction, and taking more than two characteristic ions as qualitative bases, wherein the abundance ratio and retention time/index of the characteristic ions are consistent with those in the database. The cut tobacco sample A totally identifies 62 aldehyde ketone flavor components.
Taking phenylacetaldehyde and salicylaldehyde as examples, the phenylacetaldehyde and salicylaldehyde can only be matched when peaks appear at 20.55 minutes and 20.59 minutes respectively and are matched by an NIST mass library. When the method is used for searching, the phenylacetaldehyde and the salicylaldehyde can be accurately determined (see the figure 1, the figure 2, the figure 3 and the figure 4).
Example 2
(1) The invention adopts the matrix matching standard solution to draw a standard curve, and the concentration of the matrix adding standard solution is 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500 and 1000 ng/mL (equivalent to the content of 50-5000 mug/kg in tobacco). The response of the instrument is corrected by taking acetophenone-d 8 as an internal standard, the standard addition recovery rate and the in-day precision of 0.1, 1 and 5mg/kg 3 levels are examined, the in-day precision (n is 6) is examined at the addition level of 1mg/kg, and the method quantitative limit is taken as the 10-fold signal-to-noise ratio. The result shows that 127 aldehyde ketone compounds have good linear relation (r2 is more than 0.99), the recovery rate and the precision are good, and the analysis of the semi-volatile aldehyde ketone fragrance components in the actual cut tobacco sample of the cigarette can be met. Linear range, spiked recovery, Relative Standard Deviation (RSD), LOQ, and daytime precision are not detailed herein.
(2) GC-QTOF quantitative analysis
The accurate mass extraction window during quantitative analysis can remove interfering ions from the target compound, so that the quantitative result is more accurate. The results of quantifying 62 types of aldone-type flavor components in cut tobacco sample A are shown in Table 2.
Taking 2-acetyl-5-methylfuran in the sample matrix as an example, 2-acetyl-5-methylfuran in the GC-QTOF full scan mode, when the mass window is set at 0.5Da, the interference peak appears on the right side as shown in FIG. 5. When the mass extraction window is 3-10 mDa, the 2-acetyl-5-methylfuran peak has good shape and no interference peak can be accurately quantified as shown in FIG. 6.
TABLE 2 quantitative results of 62 kinds of aldehyde ketone flavor components in tobacco shred sample A
Claims (7)
1. A GC-QTOF detection method of aldone flavor components in tobacco and tobacco products is characterized in that: firstly, establishing a 127-type aldehyde ketone fragrance component database, wherein the database comprises a primary full-scanning mass spectrogram, retention time, accurate mass of fragment ions, ion abundance ratio and retention indexes calculated by taking normal alkane systems as references of each aldehyde ketone fragrance component; secondly, performing primary full scanning on the tobacco and tobacco product samples to be detected to obtain primary full scanning data of the samples; and finally, accurately determining the sample measurement result by using a database, and accurately quantifying the aldehyde ketone fragrance components meeting qualitative conditions by using quantitative software.
2. The GC-QTOF detection method for aldone flavor components in tobacco and tobacco products according to claim 1, wherein the GC-QTOF detection method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) preparing an aldehyde ketone fragrance component standard substance into a standard solution of 1-5 mu g/mL, performing GC-QTOF primary full-scan analysis under set conditions to obtain a primary full-scan mass spectrogram, retention time, accurate fragment ion mass and ion abundance ratio of each aldehyde ketone fragrance component, and calculating the retention index of a target compound by taking an n-alkane series as reference;
(2) importing the primary full-scan data, the retention index and the high-resolution primary full-scan mass spectrum matched with NIST17 obtained in the step (1) into PCDL software, and associating the PCDL software with corresponding aldehyde ketone fragrance component information to establish an accurate quality database; optimizing a quality extraction window;
(3) preparing a standard curve of 127 aldehyde ketone fragrance components in the formula d8-acetophenone as internal standard to correct the instrument response;
(4) performing primary full scanning on the tobacco and tobacco product samples under the same set conditions as the step (1) to obtain primary full scanning data of the tobacco and tobacco product samples;
(5) and (3) accurately determining the sample determination result by using a database, and accurately quantifying the aldehyde ketone fragrance component meeting the qualitative condition by using Agilent MassHunter quantitative analysis software.
3. The GC-QTOF detection method for aldone flavor components in tobacco and tobacco products according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the GC-QTOF detection method comprises the following steps: the aldehyde ketone flavor components meeting qualitative conditions are qualitatively determined by the following method; setting a database as a target source, setting a mass extraction window to be 3-10 mDa, accurately detecting more than two characteristic ions, and using the abundance ratio and retention time/index of the characteristic ions consistent with those in the database as qualitative basis.
4. The GC-QTOF detection method for aldone flavor components in tobacco and tobacco products according to claim 1, wherein the GC-QTOF detection method comprises the following steps: the tobacco and tobacco products comprise tobacco leaves, cigarette tobacco shreds, tobacco shreds which are not combusted by heating and buccal cigarettes.
5. The GC-QTOF detection method for aldone flavor components in tobacco and tobacco products according to claim 2, wherein the GC-QTOF detection method comprises the following steps: the pretreatment method of the sample in the step (4) is to weigh 1-5 g of tobacco and tobacco product samples, add 5-50 mL of phosphate buffer solution to adjust the pH value to 1-5, foam for 3-10 min, add 10-30 mL of acetonitrile and 20-100 mu L of 30.0mg/L d8An acetophenone internal standard working solution, then sequentially whirling, centrifuging and drying, and taking supernatant to pass through a 0.22 mu m organic phase filter membrane.
6. The GC-QTOF detection method for aldone flavor components in tobacco and tobacco products according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the GC-QTOF detection method comprises the following steps: the mass spectrum chromatographic conditions are as follows: a chromatographic column: DB-5MS UI elastic quartz capillary chromatographic column (60m × 0.25mm × 0.25 μm), with the sample inlet end connected in series with the pre-column (5m × 0.25 mm); carrier gas: high-purity He with the purity of 99.999 percent; constant flow mode, flow rate: 1.5 mL/min; sample inlet temperature: 290 ℃; sample introduction mode: no shunt sampling; sample introduction amount: 0.8 mu L; temperature rising procedure: the initial temperature is 50 ℃, the temperature is kept for 3min, then the temperature is increased to 75 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, the temperature is kept for 1min, then the temperature is increased to 150 ℃ at the speed of 1 ℃/min, the temperature is increased to 260 ℃ at the speed of 2 ℃/min, the temperature is kept for 1min, and finally the temperature is increased to 290 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, and the temperature is kept for 10 min;
an ion source: electron Impact (EI); electron energy: 70 eV; ion source temperature: 230 ℃; transmission line temperature: 280 ℃; a mass analyzer: four-step stick-time of flight; scanning mode: primary full scanning; mass scan range: 20 to 300 amu.
7. The GC-QTOF detection method for aldone flavor components in tobacco and tobacco products according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the GC-QTOF detection method comprises the following steps: the specific names of 127 aldehyde ketone flavor components are listed in the specification table 1.
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