CN111207997A - Fatigue crack propagation judging device and method based on load waveform change - Google Patents
Fatigue crack propagation judging device and method based on load waveform change Download PDFInfo
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- CN111207997A CN111207997A CN202010151944.4A CN202010151944A CN111207997A CN 111207997 A CN111207997 A CN 111207997A CN 202010151944 A CN202010151944 A CN 202010151944A CN 111207997 A CN111207997 A CN 111207997A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/32—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying repeated or pulsating forces
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fatigue crack propagation judging device and method based on load waveform change, the device comprises a hydraulic manual pump, a fatigue testing machine, a fatigue loading device, a hollow hydraulic jack, data acquisition equipment and a PC (personal computer), wherein the hydraulic manual pump is connected with the large-range hollow hydraulic jack between clamping plates of the fatigue testing machine through an oil circuit, the fatigue testing machine controls the large-range hollow hydraulic jack between the clamping plates of the fatigue testing machine, the large-range hollow hydraulic jack is connected with the fatigue loading device through an oil circuit, the fatigue loading device is connected with the data acquisition equipment through a signal data line, and the data acquisition equipment is connected with the PC through a signal data line. The device can realize the synchronous fatigue crack propagation test of a plurality of steel wires, thereby saving the time cost; the method can accurately judge the time of fatigue crack propagation when the load-reducing line-hooking method is used for measuring the fatigue crack propagation, and solves the limitation that the prior method can only judge according to experience.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a fatigue crack propagation test device and a method, in particular to a fatigue crack propagation judgment device and a method based on load waveform change.
Background
During the service period of the cable-stayed bridge, the cable is subjected to the action of alternating loads such as vehicles, wind, earthquakes and the like, the damage accumulation and resistance attenuation of the structure are inevitably caused, the fatigue life of the cable is seriously influenced, the cable is formed by combining steel strands formed by high-strength steel wires, and the fatigue performance of the high-strength steel wires can influence the safety of the cable and the bridge. In the fatigue crack propagation test research of the high-strength steel wire, a direct reading method is rough, an optical rule needs expensive optical instruments as supports, in recent years, scholars adopt a load reduction line hooking method to research the propagation of the fatigue crack, and the method artificially manufactures a plurality of 'beach-shaped patterns' similar to fatigue striations and observable by naked eyes on the section of the steel wire through the load reduction method. In the fatigue crack propagation, after the original test load (constant amplitude) is circulated for a certain number of times, when the crack propagates, the original test load is reduced and kept as the constant amplitude load (the amplitude is reduced by half generally), the circulation is continued for a plurality of times, when the crack propagates again, the load is raised back to the original test load again, so that one line drawing is completed, and one line is drawn. The above steps are repeated until the test piece is broken, and finally, a group of approximately parallel beach-shaped patterns can be seen on the test piece. In the prior art, the load reduction and wire hooking method is often used for judging the time of crack propagation according to experience and is not accurate enough.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to provide a fatigue crack propagation judging device and method based on load waveform change, and solves the problem that the existing judgment is not accurate.
The technical scheme is as follows: the fatigue crack propagation judging device based on the load waveform change comprises a hydraulic manual pump, a fatigue testing machine, a fatigue loading device, data acquisition equipment and a PC (personal computer), the hydraulic manual pump is connected with a first hollow hydraulic jack between the clamping plates of the fatigue testing machine through an oil way, the fatigue testing machine controls the hollow hydraulic jack between the clamping plates to act, the first hollow hydraulic jack is connected with the fatigue loading device through an oil way, the fatigue loading device is connected with data acquisition equipment through a signal data line, the data acquisition equipment is connected with a PC through a signal data line, the fatigue loading device comprises a frame, a plurality of second hollow hydraulic jacks are arranged on one side of the frame side by side, the second hollow hydraulic jack is connected with the second hollow hydraulic jack through an oil way, and a weighing sensor is correspondingly arranged on the other side of the frame.
The oil conveniently comes and goes between a large-range hydraulic jack of the fatigue testing machine and a plurality of small-range hydraulic jacks of the fatigue loading device through an oil path, and a shunt valve is arranged on the oil path between the first hollow hydraulic jack and the second hollow hydraulic jack.
The frame comprises two opposite channel steel, and the two channel steel are fixedly connected through a plurality of screw rods.
The two channel steels are correspondingly provided with a plurality of through holes with different sizes, one part of each through hole is used for hanging the second hollow hydraulic jack, the other part of each through hole is used for penetrating the steel wire, one end of each steel wire penetrates through the through hole and the second hollow hydraulic jack, the other end of each steel wire penetrates through the weighing sensor, and the two ends of each steel wire are fixed by an anchorage device.
The data acquisition equipment is NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS BNC-2111 data acquisition equipment.
The invention relates to a method for judging a fatigue crack propagation judging device based on load waveform change, which comprises the following steps of:
(S1) supplying oil to a first hollow hydraulic jack of the fatigue testing machine by the hydraulic manual pump, starting the fatigue testing machine after setting parameters of the fatigue testing machine, opening a shunt valve, applying circulating alternating pressure to a piston of the first hollow hydraulic jack by a base plate of a chuck of the fatigue testing machine to realize the up-and-down reciprocating motion of the piston, and enabling the oil to reciprocate between the first hollow hydraulic jack and a second hollow hydraulic jack through an oil way so that a plurality of second hollow jacks on the fatigue loading device synchronously realize the fatigue load with the same property as the fatigue testing machine;
(S2) the weighing sensor 7 monitors the stress of the steel wire in real time and transmits the data to the PC through data acquisition equipment;
(S3) the PC machine displays a fatigue load oscillogram corresponding to the loading oscillogram of the fatigue testing machine by monitoring the stress of the steel wire, and the load is reduced according to the change of wave crests;
(S4) after the load is reduced, observing the added carrier wave, and carrying out load increase according to the length change of the wave crest short platform;
(S5) repeating the steps (S3) - (S4) until the steel wire is broken, and the wave crest changes after each load reduction or load increase, which represents the expansion of fatigue cracks.
In the step (S3), when the loaded wave changes from a single peak to a short platform, the change of the peak short platform is measured, values Xm and Xn are recorded, Xm represents the time corresponding to the front end of the short platform, Xn represents the time corresponding to the rear end of the short platform, △ X-Xn is defined, the value of △ X is calculated until the change does not occur, and then the load is reduced.
And (S4) measuring the length of the peak short platform, and when the short platform starts to grow again, recording the changed data and the loading times until the short platform does not change any more, and then carrying out load lifting.
Has the advantages that: the fatigue loading device is designed, a traditional fatigue testing machine is tested only for one sample at a time, the traditional fatigue testing machine is expanded to be capable of synchronously testing a plurality of samples at a time, and the time cost of the test is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a channel;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of LABVIEW software;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the peak variation of the fatigue load waveform diagram.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the fatigue crack growth determination device based on the change in the load waveform includes: a computer 13, NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS BNC-2111 data acquisition equipment 12, a JHBH type annular through-axis weighing sensor 7, a fatigue loading device, a hollow hydraulic jack, an oil pipe 14, a shunt valve 4, a hydraulic manual pump 15 with oil storage capacity of 2700cc, an INSTRON8802 fatigue testing machine 1, wherein the INSTRON8802 fatigue testing machine chuck is connected with a large-range hollow hydraulic jack 2 through a connector or a backing plate, the hydraulic manual pump with oil storage capacity of 2700cc supplies oil to the INSTRON8802 fatigue testing machine chuck, and simultaneously, the hollow hydraulic jack is connected with a plurality of small-range hollow hydraulic jacks 3 on the fatigue loading device through a flow divider and an oil pipe, a JHBH type annular through shaft type weighing sensor is sleeved on a steel wire, the fatigue loading device is fixed together with the fatigue loading device through an anchorage device, the JHBH-type annular through-axis weighing sensor is connected with NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS BNC-2111 acquisition equipment through a transmission data line, and the NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS BNC-2111 acquisition equipment is connected with a computer through a transmission data line. The software part of the device comprises: software and a user interface thereof carried by the INSTRON8802 fatigue testing machine, and software and a user interface thereof written based on LABVIEW. The fatigue loading device comprises: the hydraulic lifting jack comprises a channel steel 5 with the model number of 40# C, a lead screw 6 with the diameter of 20mm, a matched nut 10, a small-range hollow hydraulic jack 3 with an M8 screw hole reserved at the bottom and an anchorage device 8. As shown in fig. 3, holes with different sizes are reserved on the surface of the channel steel and are respectively used for a lead screw 6, a steel wire 9 and an M8 bolt 11, the lead screw penetrates through the channel steel on the two sides and is fixed into a whole by using matched nuts, the M8 bolt penetrates through screw holes in the bottom surfaces of the channel steel and the small-range hollow hydraulic jack, the small-range hollow hydraulic jack is suspended on the side surface of the channel steel, as shown in fig. 2, a plurality of high-strength steel wires penetrate through the channel steel on the two sides and the small-range hollow hydraulic jack, a JHBH (h) -shaped shaft-penetrating type weighing sensor 7 is sleeved on the steel wire 9, and the two ends of.
When the invention is applied, the JHBH-type annular through-axis weighing sensor 7 monitors the stress of the steel wire in real time, and because the friction resistance exists in an oil path, the actual stress of the steel wire has deviation from the set size of a fatigue testing machine, the sensor is required to be based on the data monitored by the sensor, the sensor is connected with NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS BNC-2111 acquisition equipment 12 through a transmission data line, the NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS BNC-2111 acquisition equipment 12 is connected with a computer 13, and the information in the fatigue loading process is recorded in the computer. The software carried by INSTRON8802 can set the mean value, amplitude value and frequency of the fatigue load, the program is written by itself based on the graphical editing language of LABVIEW, and a program block diagram is drawn, as shown in fig. 4, the program block diagram can represent the working principle of signal acquisition and processing, the signal transmission route, and the like, and includes: and (3) customizing user interfaces of LABVIEW by Channel Settings, Timing Settings, Acquired Data and the like, wherein the software has a fatigue load waveform image observed in real time and recorded fatigue load Data.
The fatigue crack propagation judging method based on the load waveform change is a judging method based on a fatigue crack propagation testing device based on the load waveform change and is applied to a test for developing fatigue crack propagation by using a load-reducing line hooking method. In a fatigue crack propagation judging method based on load waveform change, in a test using a load reduction hooking method, selection of load reduction and load increase depends on the crack propagation time. And a plastic area exists near the steel wire cut, the area range is gradually increased along with the loading times until cracks still exist, the deformation of the steel wire under the action of the maximum force is increased, the loaded wave is from a single peak to a short platform and from the short platform to a long platform, and the process of lengthening can be preliminarily judged as the expansion of the fatigue cracks.
The invention discloses a method for judging a fatigue crack propagation judging device based on load waveform change, which comprises the following steps of:
(1) the hydraulic manual pump supplies oil to a jack of the fatigue testing machine, the fatigue testing machine is started after the parameters of the fatigue testing machine are set, the shunt valve is opened, the base plate of the chuck of the fatigue testing machine applies circulating alternating pressure to a jack piston of the fatigue testing machine to realize the up-and-down reciprocating motion of the piston, and the oil is reciprocated between the jack of the fatigue testing machine and the jack of the fatigue loading device through an oil way, so that a plurality of jacks 3 on the fatigue loading device synchronously realize the fatigue load with the same property as the fatigue testing machine;
(2) the weighing sensor 7 monitors the stress of the steel wire in real time and transmits data to the PC through data acquisition equipment;
(3) the method comprises the steps that a PC outputs a fatigue load oscillogram corresponding to a fatigue testing machine loading oscillogram by monitoring the stress of a steel wire, the change of a wave peak is noticed, an image at the wave peak is amplified, when a loaded wave is from a single peak to a short platform, the change of the short platform of the wave peak is measured, the values of Xm and Xn are recorded, Xm represents the time corresponding to the front end of the short platform, Xn represents the time corresponding to the rear end of the short platform, △ X is defined as Xn-Xm, the value of △ X is calculated until the value is not changed any more, and then load reduction is carried out;
(4) and after the load is reduced, the carrier wave is observed again, the length of the short peak platform is measured at regular time by a measuring tool in the software, when the short platform starts to grow again, the changed data and the loading times are recorded until the short platform does not change any more, and the load is increased at the moment.
(5) And (4) repeating the steps (3) to (4) until the steel wire is broken, wherein the wave peak changes after each load reduction or load increase to represent the expansion of the fatigue crack, and analyzing the process of the expansion of the fatigue crack through the recorded loading times and the 'beach-shaped pattern' left on the section of the steel wire.
Claims (8)
1. The fatigue crack propagation judging device based on the load waveform change is characterized by comprising a hydraulic manual pump (15), a fatigue testing machine (1), a fatigue loading device, data acquisition equipment (12) and a PC (13), wherein the hydraulic manual pump (15) is connected with a first hollow hydraulic jack (2) between clamping plates of the fatigue testing machine through an oil way (14), the fatigue testing machine (1) controls the first hollow hydraulic jack (2) between the clamping plates to act, the fatigue loading device is connected with the data acquisition equipment (12) through a signal data line, the data acquisition equipment (12) is connected with the PC (13) through a signal data line, the fatigue loading device comprises a frame, a plurality of second hollow hydraulic jacks (3) are arranged on one side of the frame side by side, the second hollow hydraulic jacks (3) are connected with the first hollow hydraulic jack (2) through oil ways, and a weighing sensor (7) is correspondingly arranged on the other side of the frame.
2. The fatigue crack propagation judging device based on the load waveform change as claimed in claim 1, wherein a shunt valve (4) is provided on an oil path between the first hollow hydraulic jack (2) and the second hollow hydraulic jack (3).
3. The fatigue crack propagation judging device based on the load waveform change as claimed in claim 1, wherein the frame comprises two oppositely arranged channel steels (5), and the two channel steels (5) are fixedly connected through a plurality of screw rods (6).
4. The fatigue crack propagation judging device based on the load waveform change as claimed in claim 3, wherein a plurality of through holes with different sizes are correspondingly arranged on the two channel steels (5), one part of the through holes is used for hanging the second hollow hydraulic jack (3), the other part of the through holes is used for passing the steel wire (9), one end of the steel wire (9) passes through the through holes and the second hollow hydraulic jack (3), the other end of the steel wire passes through the weighing sensor (7), and two ends of the steel wire (9) are fixed by an anchorage device (8).
5. The apparatus for discriminating between fatigue crack growth based on load waveform changes according to claim 1, wherein said data acquisition device (12) is a NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS BNC-2111 data acquisition device.
6. The method for discriminating a fatigue crack propagation discriminating device based on a variation in load waveform as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:
(S1) supplying oil to a first hollow hydraulic jack (2) of the fatigue testing machine (1) by a hydraulic manual pump (15), starting the fatigue testing machine (1) after setting parameters of the fatigue testing machine (1), opening a shunt valve (4), applying circulating alternating pressure to a piston of the first hollow hydraulic jack (2) by a base plate of a chuck of the fatigue testing machine (1) to realize the up-and-down reciprocating motion of the piston, and reciprocating oil between the first hollow hydraulic jack (2) and a second hollow hydraulic jack (3) through an oil way to ensure that a plurality of second hollow jacks (3) on the fatigue loading device synchronously realize fatigue loads with the same property as the fatigue testing machine (1);
(S2) the weighing sensor (7) monitors the stress of the steel wire in real time and transmits data to the PC (13) through the data acquisition equipment (12);
(S3) the PC (13) outputs a fatigue load oscillogram corresponding to the loading oscillogram of the fatigue testing machine by monitoring the stress of the steel wire (9), and the load is reduced according to the change of wave crests;
(S4) after the load is reduced, observing the added carrier wave, and carrying out load increase according to the length change of the wave crest short platform;
(S5) repeating the steps (S3) - (S4) until the steel wire is broken, and the wave crest changes after each load reduction or load increase, which represents the expansion of fatigue cracks.
7. The method for discriminating a fatigue crack propagation discriminating device based on a variation in load waveform as set forth in claim 7, wherein in said step (S3), when the wave to be loaded has a single peak and a short plateau appears, the variation in peak and short plateau is measured, the values of Xm and Xn are noted, Xm represents the time corresponding to the front end of the short plateau and Xn represents the time corresponding to the rear end of the short plateau, △ X-Xn is defined, and the value of △ X is calculated until it no longer varies, and then the load is dropped.
8. The method for discriminating a fatigue crack propagation discriminating device based on a variation of a load waveform as set forth in claim 7, wherein the step (S4) measures the length of the peak short plateau, and when the short plateau starts to become longer again, records the data of its variation and the number of times of loading until it is no longer varied, at which time the load is raised.
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| CN202010151944.4A CN111207997B (en) | 2020-03-06 | 2020-03-06 | Fatigue crack propagation judging device and method based on load waveform change |
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| CN108362587A (en) * | 2018-02-06 | 2018-08-03 | 东南大学 | The experimental rig and method of Simultaneous Determination steel wire fatigue life under difference corrosion solvent |
| CN109855992A (en) * | 2019-01-21 | 2019-06-07 | 中国人民解放军空军工程大学 | A kind of big thick and high-strength degree aluminium alloy plate fatigue crack propagation test method |
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2020
- 2020-03-06 CN CN202010151944.4A patent/CN111207997B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106896025A (en) * | 2017-04-25 | 2017-06-27 | 湖南大学 | One kind is used for cemented joint subsurface fatigue crack expanding test test system |
| CN107290234A (en) * | 2017-07-11 | 2017-10-24 | 东南大学 | Determine the pilot system and method for corrosion steel wire fatigue life |
| CN107478526A (en) * | 2017-07-13 | 2017-12-15 | 东南大学 | The experimental rig and method in steel wire life-span are determined under corrosion fatigue coupling |
| CN108344614A (en) * | 2018-02-06 | 2018-07-31 | 东南大学 | Experimental rig and method of the measuring temperature to steel wire aging effects under corrosion fatigue |
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