CN111207901B - Wind tunnel balance single-vector multi-element loading sleeve device and using method thereof - Google Patents
Wind tunnel balance single-vector multi-element loading sleeve device and using method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111207901B CN111207901B CN202010053906.5A CN202010053906A CN111207901B CN 111207901 B CN111207901 B CN 111207901B CN 202010053906 A CN202010053906 A CN 202010053906A CN 111207901 B CN111207901 B CN 111207901B
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- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M9/00—Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels
- G01M9/06—Measuring arrangements specially adapted for aerodynamic testing
- G01M9/062—Wind tunnel balances; Holding devices combined with measuring arrangements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract
The invention relates to a wind tunnel balance single vector multi-element loading sleeve device and a using method thereof, and the device comprises a base, a loading sleeve outer ring, a loading sleeve middle ring, a loading sleeve inner ring, a loading sleeve lower hem and a wind tunnel balance, wherein the loading sleeve outer ring comprises an outer ring and an inner ring, two sides of the outer ring are rotationally connected with the loading sleeve lower hem, the inner ring is rotationally connected in the outer ring, the loading sleeve middle ring is inserted in the inner ring, the loading sleeve inner ring is slidably connected in the loading sleeve middle ring, the loading sleeve inner ring is externally provided with threads, the external threads of the loading sleeve inner ring are connected with a baffle ring, and the side surface of the baffle ring is abutted against the loading sleeve; one end of the wind tunnel balance is inserted into the inner ring of the loading sleeve, the other end of the wind tunnel balance is externally sleeved with a support rod, and the support rod is erected on the base.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wind tunnel balance experimental equipment, in particular to a wind tunnel balance single-vector multi-element loading sleeve device and a using method thereof.
Background
After the wind tunnel balance is processed and manufactured and before a wind tunnel test is carried out, static calibration is required to be carried out to obtain the use coefficient of the wind tunnel balance, the static calibration of the balance is divided into unit calibration and multivariate calibration according to a loading mode, wherein the unit calibration means that under the condition that other components are zero (or unchanged), each component is separately loaded in sequence, and the use coefficient of the balance is obtained item by item; and the balance multi-element calibration is to load all components of the balance simultaneously and obtain the use coefficient of the balance by using a multi-element calibration algorithm.
Although linearity, repeatability, zero returning performance and interference quantity of each component output are clear at a glance in balance unit calibration, balance multi-element calibration can comprehensively, accurately and truly simulate the actual working state of the balance in a wind tunnel test and truly and comprehensively investigate the composite effects of different combinations and different directions of pneumatic loads in the balance wind tunnel test, so that the reliability of the obtained balance use coefficient is higher.
The single-vector multi-element calibration means that a vector load is applied to the wind tunnel balance, and the vector load is decomposed on the wind tunnel balance body axis system by changing the relative direction of the balance body axis system and the vector load and the position of a load action point to generate the required six-component load. Compared with the traditional wind tunnel balance multivariate calibration device with a plurality of force application units, the single vector multivariate calibration device has fewer error sources because of only one force application source, and has simpler structure and control and lower cost. Under the condition of small difference of the equipment capability indexes, the manufacturing cost is generally about 20 percent or lower of that of the traditional multi-element calibration equipment.
The single vector multi-element calibration device generally comprises a balance attitude control mechanism, a single vector multi-element loading sleeve and a balance attitude measurement component, wherein a single vector multi-element calibration system developed by the NASA Lanli research center is the most typical, as shown in figure 12, the single vector multi-element loading sleeve adopted by the system is provided with a rolling bearing and a bearing (the name is not marked in the figure, and the bearing is a disc structure on the left side and the right side) which are arranged in the transverse direction through the axial direction, so that the weight load always hangs downwards no matter how the balance attitude (the pitch angle and the roll angle) changes, a loading point is designed on a loading plate, an inner ring and an outer ring of the loading sleeve are rigidly connected at the loading point, a loading disc is hung under the loading outer ring through a knife edge structure, the weight is placed on the loading disc, the angle measurement component formed by a flexible quartz acceleration is arranged at the front end of the inner ring of the, respectively used for measuring the balance posture and the load acting direction.
Fig. 13 is a load decomposition schematic diagram of a single-vector multi-element loading sleeve in the lanley research center, and after analysis of the structure diagram and the schematic diagram, it can be known that, because the balance is installed in the inner ring of the loading sleeve, and the axis of the balance is axially overlapped with the inner ring of the loading sleeve, Ly is a fixed value in the calibration load control parameters G, α, β, Lx, Ly, and Lz. Moreover, due to the size limitation of the loading plate and the fact that the loading point is fixedly connected through a screw or a bolt, the fixed connection structure has a certain size, and the Lx and Ly are extremely limited in design. Moreover, because the outer ring of the loading sleeve and the weight have larger weight, the weight is transmitted to the inner ring of the loading sleeve and even the balance through the loading point position on the loading plate, so that a screw structure or a bolt structure of the loading point position needs to be accurately positioned and bear larger load, and the design is not very reasonable.
Therefore, in order to overcome the above disadvantages, a wind tunnel balance single-vector multi-element loading sleeve device and a using method thereof need to be provided.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to solve the problem that the loading position of the wind tunnel balance cannot be accurately and steplessly adjusted due to the unreasonable structure of the single-vector multi-element loading sleeve device of the conventional wind tunnel balance.
(II) technical scheme
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a wind tunnel balance single vector multi-element loading sleeve device which comprises a base, a loading sleeve outer ring, a loading sleeve middle ring, a loading sleeve inner ring, a loading sleeve lower hem and a wind tunnel balance, wherein the loading sleeve outer ring comprises an outer sleeve ring and an inner sleeve ring, two sides of the outer sleeve ring are rotationally connected with the loading sleeve lower hem, the inner sleeve ring is rotationally connected into the outer sleeve ring, the loading sleeve middle ring is inserted into the inner sleeve ring, the loading sleeve inner ring is slidably connected into the loading sleeve middle ring, threads are arranged outside the loading sleeve inner ring, the loading sleeve inner ring is externally threaded and connected with a baffle ring, and the side surface of the baffle ring is abutted against the loading sleeve middle; one end of the wind tunnel balance is inserted in the inner ring of the loading sleeve, the other end of the wind tunnel balance is externally sleeved with a supporting rod, and the supporting rod is erected on the base.
By adopting the technical scheme, the loading action point is positioned at the intersection of the outer ring bearing axis, the transverse bearing axis and the loading sleeve inner ring axis and is a virtual point, so that the contradiction between the accurate positioning and the loading of the loading action point is solved; secondly, because in the assembly relation, the balance axis is coincided with the loading sleeve inner ring axis, so that the load action point is always on the balance axis, compared with the single vector multi-element loading sleeve in the prior art, on the premise of realizing the same function, one error source is reduced, and the accurate stepless adjustment of the loading position of the wind tunnel balance under a reasonable structure is realized.
As a further explanation of the present invention, it is preferable that the inner ring of the loading sleeve is a square cylinder, the thread is a cut thread and is provided on a quadrangular edge in the length direction of the inner ring of the loading sleeve, the middle ring of the loading sleeve is a square ring, the shape of the inner hole of the middle ring of the loading sleeve is also a square, and the inner ring of the loading sleeve is inserted into the square inner hole of the middle ring of the loading sleeve.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the circle can not only avoid the loading cover outer lane to rotate on radial direction in the cooperation loading cover, and the rotation of fixed loading cover outer lane can also make the loading cover outer lane can be along loading cover inner lane length direction steady removal to rely on keeping off the removal of ring and the fixed loading cover outer lane of being connected of screw thread, kill two birds with one stone.
As a further explanation of the present invention, preferably, the outer diameter of the square inner hole of the loading sleeve middle ring is larger than that of the loading sleeve inner ring, and the gap between the four contact surfaces of the loading sleeve middle ring and the loading sleeve inner ring is less than 0.05 mm.
By adopting the technical scheme, the middle ring of the loading sleeve can move more smoothly, and the phenomenon that the axis of the outer ring of the loading sleeve is not superposed with the wind tunnel balance due to overlarge gap is avoided.
As a further explanation of the present invention, it is preferable that four contact surfaces of the loading sleeve middle ring and the loading sleeve inner ring are all inserted with copper bars, one side surface of the copper bars is abutted with a steel ball, the loading sleeve middle ring is externally threaded with a screw with a conical tip, and the conical surface of the screw is abutted with the steel ball, so that the steel ball pushes the other side surface of the copper bars to be abutted with the loading sleeve inner ring.
By adopting the technical scheme, the small stroke of the screw is matched with the large cone angle, so that the screw can push the steel ball to generate a larger stroke only by moving a small part of the screw, and then the steel ball can push the copper bar to abut against the inner ring of the loading sleeve, and the gap adjustment between the inner ring of the loading sleeve and the matching surface of the middle ring of the loading sleeve is realized.
As a further explanation of the present invention, preferably, the lateral adjuster is erected on the left and right side surfaces of the middle ring of the loading sleeve, the lateral adjuster includes a lateral double-headed push rod and a double-headed nut, two ends of the lateral double-headed push rod are in a dovetail structure, a thread is formed in the middle of the lateral double-headed push rod, the double-headed nut is connected to the middle of the lateral double-headed push rod in a threaded manner, two ends of the lateral double-headed push rod are respectively inserted into the middle ring of the loading sleeve and the inner ring, and.
By adopting the technical scheme, when the relative transverse position between the outer ring of the loading sleeve and the inner ring of the loading sleeve needs to be adjusted, the transverse double-end push rod is arranged, the double-end nut is rotated, the transverse double-end push rod is extended or shortened, and the relative movement between the outer ring of the loading sleeve and the inner ring of the loading sleeve is realized.
As a further explanation of the present invention, preferably, the inner ring is fixedly connected with a transverse scale, and a gauge head of the transverse scale is clamped outside the middle ring of the loading sleeve through a n-shaped connecting block.
By adopting the technical scheme, the function of measuring the moving distance of the middle ring of the loading sleeve in the transverse cavity of the outer ring of the loading sleeve is realized.
As a further explanation of the present invention, preferably, one end of the inner ring of the loading sleeve, which is far away from the support rod, is fixedly connected with a balance attitude measurement component, the balance attitude measurement component is a flexible quartz accelerometer, a groove is formed at the bottom of the lower hem of the loading sleeve, a bubble level gauge is inserted into the groove, and the mass of the hollowed groove is the same as the mass of the bubble level gauge.
By adopting the technical scheme, the flexible quartz accelerometer is arranged to measure the moment applied to the wind tunnel balance when the wind tunnel balance is loaded, the bubble level meter is arranged to ensure that the gravity center direction of the lower hem of the loading sleeve and the axis direction of the wind tunnel balance are positioned on the same vertical plane, the mass of the hollowed groove is the same as that of the bubble level meter, and the lower hem of the loading sleeve cannot deflect due to gravity center offset when no weight load acts.
As a further explanation of the present invention, preferably, fan-shaped adjusting disks are hinged to both sides of the base, arc-shaped external teeth are arranged on the end faces of the outer circles of the adjusting disks, the two adjusting disks are connected with each other through a truss, a support rod is rotatably connected to the middle of the truss, a hinge shaft of the adjusting disk is horizontal and perpendicular to the axis of the support rod, an adjuster is fixedly connected to the base, the adjuster is sleeved outside the end faces of the outer circles of the adjusting disks, and a gear is rotatably connected to the adjuster and meshed with the external teeth on the adjusting disks.
By adopting the technical scheme, the regulator is utilized to control the rotation of the regulating disc on the base, so that the pitching motion of the wind tunnel balance is controlled.
As a further explanation of the present invention, preferably, an axial distance measuring device is erected on one side of the base, which is located on the outer ring of the loading sleeve, and includes a lead screw, a moving block and a grating ruler, the lead screw is rotatably connected to the base, the axial direction of the lead screw is horizontal and parallel to the axial direction of the support rod, the moving block is connected to the lead screw in a threaded manner, the grating ruler is fixedly connected to the moving block, the length direction of the grating ruler is perpendicular to the length direction of the lead screw, a micrometer is fixedly connected to one end of the grating ruler, which is close to the outer ring of the loading sleeve, and a gauge.
By adopting the technical scheme, during measurement, the lead screw is rotated to drive the grating ruler head to move, the micrometer gauge head arranged at the measuring end is enabled to lean against the front end face of the outer ring of the loading sleeve, the pointer of the micrometer gauge is enabled to be compressed for a certain distance, the position of the outer ring of the loading sleeve on the inner ring of the loading sleeve is moved, then the process is repeated, the reading of the grating ruler is recorded, and finally the relative movement distance of the outer ring of the loading sleeve can be obtained by subtracting the reading of twice, so that the measurement of the relative movement distance of the outer ring of the loading sleeve is realized.
The invention also provides a using method of the wind tunnel balance single vector multi-element loading sleeve device, which comprises the following steps,
I. mounting the wind tunnel balance on an inner ring of a loading sleeve and a support rod, sleeving a middle ring of the loading sleeve and an outer ring of the loading sleeve outside the inner ring of the loading sleeve, mounting a lower pendulum of the loading sleeve outside the outer ring of the loading sleeve, and then inserting the support rod on an adjusting disc and adjusting the wind tunnel balance to be horizontal;
observing the bubble level meter, and adjusting the relative positions of the outer ferrule and the inner ferrule to enable bubbles of the bubble level meter to be located at the center;
rotating the lead screw to enable the gauge head of the micrometer to contact the front end face of the outer ring, pressing the gauge head into the micrometer by 0.5mm, and reading the reading of the grating ruler;
calculating the reading of the grating ruler of the axial movement target point, and then rotating the lead screw to move the grating ruler to a calculation position;
loosening the retaining rings positioned on two sides of the middle ring of the loading sleeve, moving the middle ring of the loading sleeve and the outer ring of the loading sleeve integrally to enable the front end surface of the outer ring of the loading sleeve to be approximate to the surface soil of the dial indicator, then finely adjusting the integral positions of the middle ring of the loading sleeve and the outer ring of the loading sleeve by rotating the retaining rings on the rear side surface of the middle ring of the loading sleeve to enable the gauge head of the dial indicator to be in contact with the front end surface of the outer ring, enabling the gauge head of the dial indicator to still extend into the dial indicator by 0.5mm, then rotating the retaining rings positioned on the front end surface of the middle ring of the loading sleeve, and rotating the screw rod to enable;
reading a reading of a transverse scale, calculating the position of a transverse moving target point, loosening a screw, installing a transverse regulator, regulating the transverse relative distance between an inner ring and a loading sleeve middle ring by rotating a double-headed nut, rotating the screw to enable a steel ball to push a copper bar to clamp the loading sleeve middle ring after the reading of the transverse scale reaches a calculated value, and then detaching the transverse regulator;
and VII, adjusting the wind tunnel balance to a target posture by using an adjusting disc and an adjuster, then adjusting the relative positions of the outer ferrule and the inner ferrule to enable the bubbles of the bubble level meter to be positioned at the center position, hanging weights on the loading connecting end, completing the loading of the loading point, and collecting the balance output.
By adopting the technical scheme, the axis of the wind tunnel balance can be coincided with the axis of the inner ring of the loading sleeve, so that the load action point is always on the axis of the wind tunnel balance, the distance parameters to be controlled are only Lx and Lz, and compared with a single-vector multi-element loading sleeve in the prior art, one error source is reduced on the premise of realizing the same function, the balance calibration precision index of the device reaches the national military standard advanced index, and the comprehensive error index reaches the national military standard qualified index.
(III) advantageous effects
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
according to the invention, through the design of the cut thread and the guide surface of the inner ring of the loading sleeve, the structural design of the middle ring of the loading sleeve and the outer ring of the loading sleeve in a matching way and the structural design of the lower hem of the loading sleeve, the load action point is a virtual point at the intersection of the bearing axis of the outer ring, the transverse bearing axis and the whole axis in the loading sleeve, and the contradiction between the accurate positioning and the loading of the load action point is solved; and the load action point can be accurately positioned at any point in the axial Lx moving range and the transverse Lz moving range in the XZ plane of the balance body axis, so that the design domain of the calibration input load is greatly improved, the decomposition formula of the weight gravity load is further simplified, the error source is reduced, and the calibration reliability is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of the overall assembly effect of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of A in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the loading nest of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the loading sleeve of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a side cross-sectional view of the loading sleeve of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of B in FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the loading sleeve of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of C in FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is a view of the inner race of the loading sleeve of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a view of the coil-in-coil configuration of the loading sleeve of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a view of the data measuring part of the balance of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a prior art load sleeve construction;
FIG. 13 is a loading schematic of a prior art loading sleeve;
FIG. 14 is a loading schematic of the loading nest of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a base; 11. an adjusting disk; 12. a regulator; 2. an outer ring of the loading sleeve; 21. an outer ferrule; 22. an inner race; 23. an outer ring bearing; 24. a copper bar; 25. a lateral scale; 26. a screw; 27. a steel ball; 3. loading a middle ring of the sleeve; 31. a baffle ring; 4. loading the inner ring of the sleeve; 41. a balance attitude measurement component; 5. the lower hem of the loading sleeve; 51. a transverse bearing; 52. a loading connection end; 53. a bubble level; 6. a wind tunnel balance; 61. a strut; 7. a lateral adjuster; 71. a transverse double-ended push rod; 72. a double-headed nut; 8. an axial distance measuring device; 81. a lead screw; 82. a motion block; 83. a grating scale; 84. and (5) a dial indicator.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
A wind tunnel balance single vector multi-element loading sleeve device is combined with a figure 1, a figure 2 and a figure 4 and comprises a base 1, a loading sleeve outer ring 2, a loading sleeve middle ring 3, a loading sleeve inner ring 4, a loading sleeve lower hem 5 and a wind tunnel balance 6, wherein the loading sleeve middle ring 3 is inserted into the loading sleeve outer ring 2, the loading sleeve inner ring 4 is connected into the loading sleeve middle ring 3 in a sliding mode, the loading sleeve lower hem 5 is connected onto the loading sleeve outer ring 2 in a rotating mode, one end of a wind tunnel balance 6 is inserted into the loading sleeve inner ring 4, a supporting rod 61 is sleeved outside the other end of the wind tunnel balance 6, and the supporting rod 61 is erected on the base 1.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, fan-shaped adjusting disks 11 are hinged to two sides of a base 1, arc-shaped outer teeth are arranged on the end faces of the outer circles of the adjusting disks 11, the two adjusting disks 11 are connected with each other through a truss, a supporting rod 61 is rotatably connected to the middle of the truss, and a motor is arranged in the truss to drive the supporting rod 61 to rotate; 11 articulated shaft levels of adjusting disk and perpendicular with branch 61 axis, have linked firmly regulator 12 on the base 1, regulator 12 cup joints outside 11 excircle end faces of adjusting disk, and the internal rotation of regulator 12 is connected with the gear and with the external tooth meshing on the adjusting disk 12, utilizes regulator 12 control adjusting disk 11 rotation on base 1 to realize the effect that control wind-tunnel balance 6 carries out pitching motion on vertical face.
With reference to fig. 3 and 4, the loading sleeve outer ring 2 includes an outer ring 21 and an inner ring 22, the inner ring 22 is rotatably connected in the outer ring 21, an outer ring bearing 23 is inserted between the inner ring 22 and the outer ring 21, and the outer ring bearing 23 is an inclined needle bearing, which not only enables the outer ring 21 to rotate more smoothly, but also can bear the gravity of a larger weight; the two sides of the outer ferrule 21 are rotatably connected with transverse bearings 51, the loading sleeve lower hem 5 is rotatably connected with the transverse bearings 51, the loading sleeve lower hem 5 is a U-shaped frame, the middle part of the bottom end of the loading sleeve lower hem 5 is provided with a loading connecting end 52, a hanging rope is fixedly connected onto the loading connecting end 52, the bottom of the hanging rope is provided with a tray capable of placing weights so as to realize the loading of the wind tunnel balance 6, the bottom of the loading sleeve lower hem 5 is provided with a groove, a bubble level gauge 53 is inserted into the groove, the mass of the hollowed groove is the same as the mass of the bubble level gauge 53, the bubble level gauge 53 is arranged so as to ensure that the gravity center direction of the loading sleeve lower hem 5 and the axial direction of the balance 6 are positioned on the same vertical plane, the mass of the hollowed groove is the same as the mass of the bubble level gauge 53, the loading sleeve lower hem 5 cannot deflect due to gravity center offset when no weight load acts, and the rotation static position, the measuring precision can reach 2'.
With reference to fig. 3 and 10, the loading sleeve middle ring 3 is a square ring, the inner ring 22 is sleeved outside the loading sleeve middle ring 3, the inner hole of the loading sleeve middle ring 3 is also square, the loading sleeve inner ring 4 is inserted into the square inner hole of the loading sleeve middle ring 3, the outer diameter of the square inner hole of the loading sleeve middle ring 3 is larger than that of the loading sleeve inner ring 4, and the gap between the four contact surfaces of the loading sleeve middle ring 3 and the loading sleeve inner ring 4 is smaller than 0.05mm, so that the loading sleeve middle ring 3 can move more smoothly, and the phenomenon that the axis of the loading sleeve outer ring is not overlapped with a wind tunnel balance due to the overlarge gap is avoided; with reference to fig. 9, the inner ring 4 of the loading sleeve is a square cylinder, the inner ring 4 of the loading sleeve is externally provided with threads, the threads are cut off the threads and are arranged on four edges of the inner ring 4 of the loading sleeve in the length direction, the inner ring 4 of the loading sleeve is externally connected with two retaining rings 31, the side surfaces of the two retaining rings 31 are respectively abutted against the two side surfaces of the middle ring 3 of the loading sleeve, the inner ring 4 of the square cylinder with threads is arranged, the middle ring 3 of the loading sleeve is matched with the loading sleeve to prevent the outer ring 2 of the loading sleeve from rotating in the radial direction and fix the outer ring 2 of the loading sleeve to rotate, the outer ring 2 of the loading sleeve can stably move along the length direction of the inner ring 4 of the loading sleeve, and the outer ring 2 of the loading sleeve and the middle ring 3 of.
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, the copper bars 24 are inserted into four contact surfaces of the loading sleeve middle ring 3 and the loading sleeve inner ring 4, one side surface of each copper bar 24 is abutted with a steel ball 27, the loading sleeve middle ring 3 is in threaded connection with a screw 26 with a conical pointed end through an external thread, the conical surface of the screw 26 is abutted with the steel ball 27, so that the steel ball 27 pushes the other side surface of the copper bar 24 to be abutted with the loading sleeve inner ring 4, the screw 26 is matched with a large conical angle through a small stroke, the screw 26 can push the steel ball 27 to generate a large stroke only by moving a small part, and further the steel ball 27 can push the copper bar to be abutted with the loading sleeve inner ring, so that the matching tightness between the loading sleeve inner ring 4 and the loading sleeve middle ring 3 and between the loading sleeve middle ring 3 and the loading sleeve outer ring 2 can be adjusted, and mutual collision between structures when.
Referring to fig. 7 and 8, the transverse adjuster 7 is erected on the left and right side surfaces of the loading sleeve middle ring 3, the transverse adjuster 7 comprises a transverse double-end push rod 71 and a double-end nut 72, the two ends of the transverse double-end push rod 71 are in a dovetail structure, the middle part of the transverse double-end push rod is provided with threads, the double-end nut 72 is in threaded connection with the middle part of the transverse double-end push rod 71, the two ends of the transverse double-end push rod 71 are respectively inserted into the loading sleeve middle ring 3 and the inner ring 22, the double-end nut 72, when the relative transverse position between the loading sleeve outer ring 2 and the loading sleeve inner ring 4 needs to be adjusted, the transverse double-end push rod 71 is arranged, the double-end nut 72 is rotated to extend or shorten the transverse double-end push rod 71, so that the relative movement between the loading sleeve outer ring 2 and the loading sleeve inner ring 4 is realized, and the distance between the outer ring 2 of the loading sleeve and the axis of the wind tunnel balance 6 can be finely adjusted by utilizing a thread moving mode.
With reference to fig. 1 and 3, the inner ring 22 is fixedly connected with a transverse scale 25, a gauge outfit of the transverse scale 25 is clamped outside the loading sleeve middle ring 3 through a door-shaped connecting block, so that the accurate measurement of the loading sleeve middle ring 3 in the transverse cavity of the loading sleeve outer ring 2 is realized, and the measurement accuracy reaches 0.02 mm; and one end of the inner ring 4 of the loading sleeve, which is far away from the support rod 61, is fixedly connected with a balance posture measuring component 41, the balance posture measuring component 41 is a flexible quartz accelerometer, and the flexible quartz accelerometer is arranged to measure the moment borne by the wind tunnel balance 6 when the wind tunnel balance is loaded.
With reference to fig. 1 and 2, an axial distance measuring device 8 is erected on one side of the outer ring 2 of the loading sleeve on the base 1, the axial distance measuring device 8 comprises a lead screw 81, a moving block 82 and a grating ruler 83, the lead screw 81 is rotatably connected to the base 1, the axial direction of the lead screw 81 is horizontal and parallel to the axial direction of the supporting rod 61, the moving block 82 is in threaded connection with the lead screw 81, the grating ruler 83 is fixedly connected to the moving block 82, the length direction of the grating ruler 83 is perpendicular to the length direction of the lead screw 81, one end of the grating ruler 83, which is close to the outer ring 2 of the loading sleeve, is fixedly connected with a micrometer 84, and a gauge head; during measurement, the lead screw 81 is rotated to drive the ruler head of the grating ruler 83 to move, the dial indicator 84 arranged at the measuring end is enabled to lean against the front end face of the outer ring 2 of the loading sleeve, the pointer of the dial indicator 84 is enabled to be compressed for a certain distance, then the position of the outer ring 2 of the loading sleeve on the inner ring 4 of the loading sleeve is moved, then the process is repeated, the reading of the grating ruler 83 is recorded, finally the relative movement distance of the outer ring 2 of the loading sleeve can be obtained by subtracting the reading of two times, the measurement of the relative movement distance of the outer ring 2 of the loading sleeve is realized, and the measurement precision reaches 0.02.
With reference to fig. 3 and 14, by adopting the loading sleeve structure of the invention, the loading action point is positioned at the intersection of the axis of the outer ring bearing 23, the axis of the transverse bearing 51 and the axis of the inner ring 4 of the loading sleeve, and is a virtual point, thereby solving the contradiction between the accurate positioning and the loading of the loading action point; secondly, because in the assembly relation, the balance axis coincides with 4 axes of loading cover inner circle for the load action point is on the balance axis all the time, for prior art's single vector multiple loading cover, on the prerequisite that realizes the same function, has reduced an error source, and has simplified six-dimensional load decomposition formula, and six-dimensional load decomposition formula is:
FA＝G·sinα；
FZ＝Gn·sinβ＝G·cosα·sinβ；
FN＝Gn·cosβ＝G·cosα·cosβ；
MX＝-FN·Lz；
MZ＝FN·Lz；
MY＝-FZ·Lx+FA·Lz；
the force and moment directions follow the right-hand rule according to the coordinate system direction of the balance body in the drawing, so that the wind tunnel balance is accurately and steplessly adjusted to a loading position under a reasonable structure.
The invention also provides a using method of the wind tunnel balance single vector multi-element loading sleeve device, which comprises the following steps,
I. mounting a wind tunnel balance 6 on a loading sleeve inner ring 4 and a support rod 61, externally sheathing the loading sleeve inner ring 4 with a loading sleeve middle ring 3 and a loading sleeve outer ring 2, mounting a loading sleeve lower hem 5 outside the loading sleeve outer ring 2, then splicing the support rod 61 on a truss between adjusting discs 11, and adjusting the wind tunnel balance 6 to be horizontal;
II, observing the bubble level meter 53, and adjusting the relative positions of the outer ferrule 21 and the inner ferrule 22 to enable the bubbles of the bubble level meter 53 to be positioned in the center;
III, rotating the screw 81 to enable the gauge head of the micrometer gauge 84 to contact the front end face of the outer ring 21, wherein a spring is arranged inside the gauge head of the micrometer gauge 84, so that the compression distance of the gauge head of the micrometer gauge 84 represents the pressing force during measurement, in order to ensure the measurement reliability and avoid the measurement error caused by structural deformation due to excessive pressing force, the gauge head is pressed into the micrometer gauge 84 by 0.5mm, and at the moment, reading the reading a of the grating ruler 831；
IV, calculating the reading a of the grating ruler 83 of the axial movement target point2The formula is a2＝a1+ Δ Lx subsequently rotates the lead screw 81 to move the linear scale 83 to a2A location;
loosening the stop rings 31 positioned on two sides of the middle ring 3 of the loading sleeve, moving the whole of the middle ring 3 of the loading sleeve and the outer ring 2 of the loading sleeve to enable the front end surface of the outer ring 2 of the loading sleeve to be approximately close to the surface soil of the dial indicator 84, then finely adjusting the whole positions of the middle ring 3 of the loading sleeve and the outer ring 2 of the loading sleeve by rotating the stop rings 31 on the rear side surface of the middle ring 3 of the loading sleeve to enable the gauge head of the dial indicator 84 to be in contact with the front end surface of the outer ring 22, enabling the gauge head of the dial indicator 84 to still extend into the dial indicator 84 by 0.5mm, then rotating the stop rings 31 positioned on the front end surface of the middle ring 3 of the loading sleeve, and rotating the screw rod 81 to;
VI reading the reading b of the transverse scale1Calculating the position b of the laterally moving target point2Wherein b is2＝b1+ Δ Lz, loosening the screw 26 and mounting the lateral adjuster 7, adjusting the lateral relative distance between the inner ring 22 and the inner ring 3 of the loading sleeve by turning the double-headed nut 72, when the reading of the lateral scale reaches the calculated value b2Then, the screw 26 is screwed to enable the steel ball 27 to push the copper bar 24 to clamp the loading sleeve middle ring 3, and then the transverse regulator 7 is detached;
and VII, adjusting the wind tunnel balance 6 to a target posture by using the adjusting disc 11 and the adjuster 12, then adjusting the relative positions of the outer ferrule 21 and the inner ferrule 22 to enable the air bubbles of the air bubble level gauge 53 to be positioned at the center position, hanging weights on the loading connection end 52, completing the loading of the loading point, and collecting the balance output.
By the use method, the axis of the wind tunnel balance 6 can be coincided with the axis of the loading sleeve inner ring 4, so that the load action point is always on the axis of the wind tunnel balance 6, the distance parameters to be controlled are only Lx and Lz, and compared with a single-vector multi-element loading sleeve in the prior art, on the premise of realizing the same function, one error source is reduced, the balance calibration precision index of the device reaches the advanced index of the national military standard, and the comprehensive error index reaches the qualified index of the national military standard.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A wind-tunnel balance single vector multi-element loading sleeve device is characterized in that: the loading device comprises a base (1), a loading sleeve outer ring (2), a loading sleeve middle ring (3), a loading sleeve inner ring (4), a loading sleeve lower hem (5) and a wind tunnel balance (6), wherein the loading sleeve outer ring (2) comprises an outer ring (21) and an inner ring (22), two sides of the outer ring (21) are rotatably connected with the loading sleeve lower hem (5), the inner ring (22) is rotatably connected into the outer ring (21), the loading sleeve middle ring (3) is inserted into the inner ring (22), the loading sleeve inner ring (4) is slidably connected into the loading sleeve middle ring (3), threads are formed outside the loading sleeve inner ring (4), a baffle ring (31) is connected with the external threads of the loading sleeve inner ring (4), and the side surface of the baffle ring (31) is abutted to the loading sleeve middle ring (3); one end of the wind tunnel balance (6) is inserted into the loading sleeve inner ring (4), the other end of the wind tunnel balance (6) is externally sleeved with a supporting rod (61), and the supporting rod (61) is erected on the base (1); the loading sleeve inner ring (4) is a square cylinder, the thread is a cut thread and is arranged on the four-edge side of the loading sleeve inner ring (4) in the length direction, the loading sleeve middle ring (3) is in a square ring shape, the shape of the inner hole of the loading sleeve middle ring (3) is also square, and the loading sleeve inner ring (4) is inserted into the square inner hole of the loading sleeve middle ring (3); copper bars (24) are inserted into four contact surfaces of the loading sleeve middle ring (3) and the loading sleeve inner ring (4), one side surface of each copper bar (24) is abutted to a steel ball (27), a screw (26) with a conical pointed end is connected to the loading sleeve middle ring (3) through an external thread, and the conical surface of the screw (26) is abutted to the steel ball (27), so that the steel ball (27) pushes the other side surface of the copper bar (24) to be abutted to the loading sleeve inner ring (4).
2. The wind tunnel balance single-vector multi-element loading sleeve device according to claim 1, wherein: the outer diameter of a square inner hole of the loading sleeve middle ring (3) is larger than that of the loading sleeve inner ring (4), and gaps between four contact surfaces of the loading sleeve middle ring (3) and the loading sleeve inner ring (4) are smaller than 0.05 mm.
3. The wind tunnel balance single-vector multi-element loading sleeve device according to claim 1, wherein: the left side face and the right side face of the middle ring (3) of the loading sleeve are provided with the transverse regulator (7), the transverse regulator (7) comprises a transverse double-end push rod (71) and a double-end nut (72), two ends of the transverse double-end push rod (71) are of dovetail structures, the middle of the transverse double-end push rod is provided with threads, the double-end nut (72) is in threaded connection with the middle of the transverse double-end push rod (71), two ends of the transverse double-end push rod (71) are respectively inserted into the middle ring (3) of the loading sleeve and an inner ring (22), and the double-end nut (72) is abutted.
4. The wind tunnel balance single-vector multi-element loading sleeve device according to claim 1, wherein: the inner ring (22) is fixedly connected with a transverse scale (25), and the gauge outfit of the transverse scale (25) is clamped outside the loading sleeve middle ring (3) through a door-shaped connecting block.
5. The wind tunnel balance single-vector multi-element loading sleeve device according to claim 1, wherein: one end, far away from the supporting rod (61), of the inner ring (4) of the loading sleeve is fixedly connected with a balance attitude measuring component (41), the balance attitude measuring component (41) is a flexible quartz accelerometer, the bottom of the lower hem (5) of the loading sleeve is provided with a groove, a bubble level meter (53) is inserted in the groove, and the groove is hollowed, and the mass of the groove is the same as that of the bubble level meter (53).
6. The wind tunnel balance single-vector multi-element loading sleeve device according to claim 1, wherein: base (1) both sides are articulated to have sectorial adjusting disk (11), are equipped with the external tooth of arcuation on adjusting disk (11) excircle terminal surface, through truss interconnect between two adjusting disk (11), and branch (61) rotate to be connected the truss middle part, adjusting disk (11) articulated shaft level and perpendicular with branch (61) axis have linked firmly regulator (12) on base (11), and regulator (12) cup joint outside adjusting disk (11) excircle terminal surface, and regulator (12) internal rotation is connected with the gear and with the external tooth meshing on adjusting disk (11).
7. The wind tunnel balance single-vector multi-element loading sleeve device according to claim 1, wherein: base (1) is located loading cover outer lane (2) one side and has erect axial range unit (8), axial range unit (8) are including lead screw (81), motion piece (82) and grating chi (83), lead screw (81) rotate to be connected on base (1), lead screw (81) axis direction level just is parallel with branch (61) axis direction, motion piece (82) threaded connection is on lead screw (81), grating chi (83) link firmly on motion piece (82), grating chi (83) length direction is perpendicular with lead screw (81) length direction, grating chi (83) are close to loading cover outer lane (2) and serve and have linked firmly micrometer (84), the gauge outfit and loading cover outer lane (2) butt of micrometer (84).
8. The use method of the wind tunnel balance single-vector multi-element loading sleeve device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,
i, mounting a wind tunnel balance (6) on a loading sleeve inner ring (4) and a support rod (61), sleeving a loading sleeve middle ring (3) and a loading sleeve outer ring (2) outside the loading sleeve inner ring (4), mounting a loading sleeve lower hem (5) outside the loading sleeve outer ring (2), and then inserting the support rod (61) on an adjusting disc (11) and adjusting the wind tunnel balance (6) to be horizontal;
II, observing the bubble level meter (53), and adjusting the relative position of the outer ferrule (21) and the inner ferrule (22) to enable the bubbles of the bubble level meter (53) to be positioned in the center;
rotating the lead screw (81), enabling a gauge head of the micrometer gauge (84) to contact the front end face of the outer ring (21), pressing the gauge head into the micrometer gauge (84) for 0.5mm, and reading the reading of the grating ruler (83);
IV, calculating the reading of a grating ruler (83) of the axial movement target point, and then rotating a lead screw (81) to move the grating ruler (83) to a calculation position;
loosening the retaining rings (31) positioned on two sides of the middle ring (3) of the loading sleeve, moving the whole of the middle ring (3) of the loading sleeve and the outer ring (2) of the loading sleeve to enable the front end surface of the outer ring (2) of the loading sleeve to be approximately close to the surface soil of the dial indicator (84), then finely adjusting the whole positions of the middle ring (3) of the loading sleeve and the outer ring (2) of the loading sleeve by rotating the retaining rings (31) on the rear side surface of the middle ring (3) of the loading sleeve, enabling the gauge head of the dial indicator (84) to be in contact with the front end surface of the outer ring (21), enabling the gauge head of the dial indicator (84) to still extend into the dial indicator (84) by 0.5mm, then rotating the retaining rings (31) positioned on the front end surface of the middle ring (3) of the loading sleeve, and rotating the screw rod (81) to enable;
reading a reading of a transverse scale (25), calculating the position of a transverse moving target point, loosening a screw (26) and installing a transverse adjuster (7), adjusting the transverse relative distance between an inner ring (22) and a loading centering ring (3) by rotating a double-headed nut (72), rotating the screw (26) to enable a steel ball (27) to push a copper bar (24) to clamp the loading centering ring (3) after the reading of the transverse scale (25) reaches a calculated value, and then detaching the transverse adjuster (7);
and VII, adjusting the wind tunnel balance (6) to a target posture by using the adjusting disc (11) and the adjuster (12), then adjusting the relative positions of the outer ferrule (21) and the inner ferrule (22) to enable the air bubbles of the air bubble level gauge (53) to be located at the center position, hanging a weight on the loading connecting end (52), and collecting the balance output.
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| CN112362293B (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2023-03-14 | 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 | Wind tunnel balance elastic angle correction system and using method thereof |
| CN112729761B (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2021-11-02 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Micro-force balance calibration device |
| CN116698343B (en) * | 2023-08-04 | 2023-10-20 | 中国航空工业集团公司沈阳空气动力研究所 | Multi-angle elastic angle loading system and method |
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| EP0340316B1 (en) * | 1988-04-30 | 1992-06-10 | Carl Schenck Ag | Calibrating device for an internal wind tunnel balance |
| US6629446B2 (en) * | 2001-01-08 | 2003-10-07 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration | Single vector calibration system for multi-axis load cells and method for calibrating a multi-axis load cell |
| CN101726352B (en) * | 2009-12-10 | 2011-07-13 | 中国航空工业第一集团公司沈阳空气动力研究所 | Six-degree-of-freedom (DOF) reset device for balance calibration system |
| CN105571813A (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2016-05-11 | 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 | Wind tunnel balance single-vector calibration loading mechanism |
| CN106644365B (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2018-12-21 | 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 | A kind of low speed wind tunnel thrust vector balance calibration device |
| CN110108441A (en) * | 2019-05-10 | 2019-08-09 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心超高速空气动力研究所 | A kind of wind-tunnel balance dynamometer check preparation device |
| CN110108442A (en) * | 2019-05-10 | 2019-08-09 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心超高速空气动力研究所 | Wind-tunnel balance terminal attitude measuring and its method in balance calibration |
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