CN111206268B

CN111206268B - Method for cleaning black copper mud

Info

Publication number: CN111206268B
Application number: CN202010120512.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 苏峰; 李俊标; 卢鹏; 王爱荣; 孙先如; 姬燕华; 杨其明; 倪国斌; 占康乐
Original assignee: Jinlong Copper Co ltd; Tongling Nonferrous Metals Group Co Ltd
Current assignee: Jinlong Copper Co ltd; Tongling Nonferrous Metals Group Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-02-26
Filing date: 2020-02-26
Publication date: 2022-05-03
Anticipated expiration: 2040-02-26
Also published as: CN111206268A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of copper smelting, and particularly relates to a method for cleaning black copper sludge. According to the scheme, the method for washing the cathode plate replaces the manual vibration mode in the prior art to clean the black copper mud on the cathode plate, and the black copper mud is high in viscosity and not easy to fall off, so that the black copper mud cleaning effect is better, the efficiency is higher, and the influence of residual black copper mud on the cathode plate on the use effect of the cathode plate is avoided; the traditional cleaning mode of damaging and deforming the cathode plate by manual rapping is changed, and the obtained cathode plate can directly continue copper electrolytic refining operation.

Description

Method for cleaning black copper mud

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of copper smelting, and particularly relates to a method for cleaning black copper mud.

Background

After the power failure of the copper electrolysis is finished, besides a layer of black copper mud is deposited on the bottom and the wall of the electrolytic tank, a layer of black copper mud is also attached to the negative plate, so that the negative plate cannot be used continuously, the negative plate needs to be cleaned, however, the black copper mud is a slurry with certain viscosity, when the negative plate is cleaned, the negative plate needs to be lifted out by a transfer device and is placed on a special cleaning tank or a cleaning frame, then the negative plate is manually shaken, so that the slurry-like black copper mud attached to the negative plate drops down, most of the black copper mud in the electrolytic tank is deposited at the bottom of the electrolytic tank, and part of the black copper mud is also adhered to the side wall of the electrolytic tank, so that the electrolyte in the tank needs to be discharged firstly after the negative plate is lifted, the black copper mud has high viscosity and is attached to the inner wall of the electrolytic tank and cannot flow out along with the electrolyte, and the wall of the electrolytic tank is washed by a water pipe with certain water pressure after the electrolyte is discharged, with black copper mud driven gradually to electrolysis trough one end and by the pit of the row's thick liquid mouth entering electrolysis trough lower part that the tank bottom set up gradually under the impact force of rivers, set up the air-blast device in the pit and blast air the stirring, a large amount of acid mist can be taken out from mud to this kind of stirring mode, causes extremely abominable influence to operational environment.

The method for cleaning the black copper mud has the following defects: firstly, the black copper mud can not be completely separated from the cathode plate, namely, a part of residual black copper mud still adhered to the cathode plate can not be completely removed, so that the secondary electrolysis of the cathode plate is influenced; secondly, in the process of manually rapping the cathode plate, the cathode plate is damaged, so that the cathode plate is deformed or even damaged and cannot be matched with the anode plate in a small gap arrangement manner, and the next electrolysis is influenced; third, acid concentration is great in the electrolyte, constantly forms during acid mist releases to the air, therefore negative plate hoist and mount and transportation process are in the atmosphere of acid mist always, and the electrically conductive point of negative plate is got rid of by the acid mist oxidation behind the conductive row of electrolytic bath, leads to the electrically conductive effect greatly reduced of negative plate, because the negative plate can't directly be used for next electrolysis. The defects of the method cause that the cathode plate treated in the method cannot be reused at all, and only can be packed and transported to a pyrometallurgical copper smelting place for smelting, and a new cathode plate is replaced for next electrolysis.

In addition, during the transfer process of the negative plate, the black copper mud attached to the negative plate can drop, because the black copper mud is a slurry containing a large amount of heavy metal components such as copper, arsenic, bismuth, iron, nickel, lead, antimony and the like, the pollution of an electrolytic refining work site can be caused, and the black copper mud falling off after the negative plate is shaken needs to be collected and transferred to a black copper mud pit below an electrolytic cell to be jointly processed with the black copper mud collected in the electrolytic cell, so that the workload of manually cleaning the black copper mud is further increased.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a method for cleaning black copper mud, which has better cleaning effect and higher efficiency, can strip the black copper mud without manually rapping a negative plate, and avoids the problem that the negative plate cannot be used continuously after being cleaned unclean or damaged and deformed.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a method for cleaning black copper mud is characterized in that when the black copper mud generated in the electrolytic process is cleaned, a negative plate is washed by flushing liquid to enable the black copper mud on the negative plate to fall off.

According to the scheme, the method for washing the cathode plate replaces the manual vibration mode in the prior art to clean the black copper mud on the cathode plate, and the black copper mud is high in viscosity and not easy to fall off, so that the black copper mud cleaning effect is better, the efficiency is higher, and the influence of residual black copper mud on the cathode plate on the use effect of the cathode plate is avoided; the traditional cleaning mode of damaging and deforming the cathode plate by manual rapping is changed, and the obtained cathode plate can directly continue copper electrolytic refining operation.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a cleaning process of black copper sludge in the prior art;

FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the cleaning process of the black copper sludge by adopting the scheme of the invention.

Detailed Description

The technical scheme of the invention is further detailed in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings.

A method for cleaning black copper mud is characterized in that when the black copper mud generated in the electrolytic process is cleaned, a negative plate is washed by flushing liquid to enable the black copper mud on the negative plate to fall off. Therefore, the black copper mud on the cathode plate can be completely washed away, the cleaned cathode plate ensures that no black copper mud is left, and the cathode plate is not damaged or deformed and can be continuously used for electrolysis operation.

Preferably, the position of the cathode plate in the electrolytic bath during the flushing of the cathode plate is the same as the position of the cathode plate during the electrolysis. The negative plate need not hoist and mount and transports to the clearance frame or the clearance groove department that set up for black copper mud on the clearance negative plate specially, has avoided the transportation in-process black copper mud to drip and has caused the filth, has reduced work load, reduction and has been equipment input, and the adnexed part black copper mud directly takes off and falls in the electrolysis trough washing the in-process on the negative plate, has also avoided the transportation work of this part black copper mud.

The flushing liquid is copper electrolyte. Compared with the prior art that the black copper mud in the electrolytic cell is washed by industrial water, the method uses the copper electrolyte as the washing liquid, and the finally obtained filtrate can be directly returned to a copper electrolyte system for recycling or treatment, so that the use amount of industrial water is reduced, and the burden of wastewater treatment is also reduced.

The cleaning process of the black copper mud specifically comprises the following steps:

(1) when the black copper slime generated in the electrolytic process is cleaned, power is cut off, an electrolyte liquid outlet in the electrolytic cell is opened, and the electrolyte is discharged out of the electrolytic cell;

(2) washing the inner wall of the electrolytic cell and the cathode plate by using an electrolyte to ensure that black copper mud attached to the inner wall of the electrolytic cell and the cathode plate forms black copper slurry, and the black copper slurry is gathered and discharged to the bottom of the cell;

(3) and (3) performing solid-liquid separation on the black copper mud by using a filter press to obtain black copper mud blocks and filtrate, and respectively collecting.

In the step (2), a slurry discharge port is formed in the bottom of the electrolytic cell, and the black copper slurry is collected to the bottom of the cell and then discharged from the slurry discharge port to enter a pit; and a stirring paddle is arranged in the pit, and the black copper slurry starts to be stirred after entering the pit. In the prior art, stirring of black copper slurry in a pit is realized by blowing air into the slurry by using an air blower, however, acid mist is brought back when the air comes out of the slurry after blowing air, the working environment at the position is deteriorated, and therefore, stirring is carried out by using a stirring paddle mode.

And (4) a slurry pump is arranged between the filter presses in the pit step (3), and the black copper slurry in the pit is pumped into the filter press. The pit is always in a stirring state to keep the uniform slurry state of the black copper mud and ensure the pumping efficiency, the solid obtained by filter pressing is blocky black copper mud losing most of water, namely black copper mud blocks, and the obtained filtrate is copper electrolyte and can be returned to a copper electrolyte system for circulation or treatment.

Claims

1. A method for cleaning black copper mud is characterized by comprising the following steps: the cleaning process of the black copper mud specifically comprises the following steps:

(1) when cleaning the black copper sludge generated in the electrolysis process, firstly, the power is cut off, an electrolyte liquid outlet in the electrolytic cell is opened, and the electrolyte is discharged out of the electrolytic cell;

(2) washing the inner wall of the electrolytic cell and the cathode plate by using a copper electrolyte to ensure that black copper mud attached to the inner wall of the electrolytic cell and the cathode plate forms black copper mud, and is gathered and discharged to the bottom of the electrolytic cell; in the process of flushing the cathode plate, the position of the cathode plate in the electrolytic bath is the same as the position of the cathode plate in the electrolytic process; the bottom of the electrolytic tank is provided with a slurry discharge port, the black copper slurry is collected at the bottom of the electrolytic tank and then discharged from the slurry discharge port to enter a pit, a stirring paddle is arranged in the pit, and the black copper slurry starts to be stirred after entering the pit;

2. The method for cleaning black copper sludge according to claim 1, wherein: and (4) a slurry pump is arranged between the filter presses in the pit step (3), and the black copper slurry in the pit is pumped into the filter press.