CN111204895A - Surface electroplating waste liquid purification process - Google Patents
Surface electroplating waste liquid purification process Download PDFInfo
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- CN111204895A CN111204895A CN202010032013.2A CN202010032013A CN111204895A CN 111204895 A CN111204895 A CN 111204895A CN 202010032013 A CN202010032013 A CN 202010032013A CN 111204895 A CN111204895 A CN 111204895A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/20—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28054—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/722—Oxidation by peroxides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/105—Phosphorus compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/16—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from metallurgical processes, i.e. from the production, refining or treatment of metals, e.g. galvanic wastes
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for purifying surface electroplating waste liquid. Adding sodium peroxide into the electroplating waste liquid, stirring for reaction, adding sodium hydroxide into the waste liquid for reaction, separating nickel hydroxide precipitate, adjusting the pH to 6.8-8.0, adding calcium chloride, heating for reaction, separating phosphate precipitate, adding porous rice hull ash into the electroplating waste liquid, and adsorbing and separating residual nickel-phosphorus ions. The method for purifying the surface electroplating waste liquid adopts a method of decomplexation precipitation to remove nickel ions, a method of calcium chloride precipitation to remove phosphorus ions, and finally an active adsorption method to remove residual nickel ions and phosphorus ions, so that the removal efficiency is high, the nickel hydroxide precipitate obtained in the removal process can be used as a preparation raw material for continuously recovering metallic nickel, and the precipitated phosphorus compound can be directly used as a fertilizer, so that the nickel and phosphorus ions are removed and the resource reutilization is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electroplating waste liquid treatment, and particularly relates to a surface electroplating waste liquid purification process.
Background
Electroplating is a process of plating a thin layer of other metals or alloys on the surface of some metals by using the principle of electrolysis, and is a process of attaching a layer of metal film on the surface of a metal or other material workpiece by using the action of electrolysis so as to play roles of preventing metal oxidation, improving wear resistance, conductivity, light reflection, corrosion resistance, enhancing appearance and the like. Chemical nickel plating has attracted people's attention because of its advantages of uniform plating, good wear resistance, no limitation of size and shape of plated parts, no need of external power supply, etc., and has been widely used in the fields of aerospace, petrochemical industry, machinery, automobiles, computers, molds, medical treatment, textiles, etc. The nickel in the chemical nickel plating waste liquid is a carcinogenic substance, and if the waste liquid is discharged arbitrarily without being treated, not only is the resource waste caused, but also the environmental and human health are seriously harmed. After the nickel-containing waste liquid is discharged into a water body, not only can the survival of aquatic organisms be threatened, but also the continuous enrichment can be realized through adsorption, precipitation and a food chain, and finally, the ecological environment is destroyed and the human health is harmed. Therefore, the chemical nickel plating waste liquid must be treated to reach the national standard, and the discharge standard of electroplating pollutants (GB21900-2008) stipulates that the maximum discharge concentration of nickel is 1.0mg/L and the maximum discharge concentration of phosphorus is 1.0 mg/L.
The treatment of the nickel plating waste liquid mainly comprises a physical chemical treatment method, a chemical treatment method and a biological treatment method. The physical and chemical method is to adsorb, concentrate and separate nickel ions in the waste liquid without changing the existing state of the ions, and the treatment process is complex. The chemical treatment method is to convert the heavy metal nickel in the dissolved state in the waste liquid into insoluble compound to be removed, and has the advantages of less investment, simple operation, less influence by water quality, low resource utilization rate, secondary pollution and large occupied area. The biological treatment method is a method for adsorbing and complexing toxic heavy metal ions by utilizing the actions of catalytic conversion, electrostatic adsorption, flocculation, complexation, occlusion and coprecipitation and the like of artificially cultured functional bacteria and enzymes, reducing the heavy metal ions into low-toxicity precipitates, and then carrying out solid-liquid separation, so that the waste liquid is discharged or recycled after reaching the standard. The biological method mainly comprises a biochemical method, plant ecological restoration and biological flocculation, and because heavy metal salts have large toxic action on microorganisms, the existing method has less literature about the application of the biochemical method to the treatment of the chemical nickel plating waste liquid.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a surface electroplating waste liquid purification process.
A method for purifying surface electroplating waste liquid comprises the following steps:
(1) adding 2-10g of sodium peroxide into 1000m L electroplating waste liquid, stirring at normal temperature, reacting for 0.5-2h, adding 10-15g of sodium hydroxide into the waste liquid, reacting for 0.3-1.2h, and separating nickel hydroxide precipitate;
ni in chemical nickel plating solution2+Partially with Ni3(C6H5O7)2In the form of a complex, Ni is difficult to be converted by adding only an alkali2+Completely converted into Ni (OH)2 precipitate, and recovering Ni2+Then Ni is required to be added3(C6H5O7)2Decompose and dissociate Ni2+The potassium superoxide can react with the complex in the nickel liquid to release Ni2+；
(2) Adjusting the pH of the waste liquid to 6.8-8.0 by using a hydrochloric acid solution, adding 50-80g of calcium chloride, heating to 50-90 ℃, reacting for 0.5-1.5h, cooling to room temperature, and separating phosphate precipitate;
(3) and (3) adding 20-50g of porous rice hull ash into the electroplating waste liquid treated in the step (2), stirring for 5-10min, and separating the porous rice hull ash.
The content of nickel in the electroplating waste liquid is 200-18000mg/L, and the content of phosphorus in the electroplating waste liquid is 200-8000 mg/L.
And (2) adding 3-8g of flocculant while adding the sodium hydroxide in the step (1).
The flocculant is one or more of aluminum ammonium sulfate, acrylamide, dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride, sodium monocetyl maleate and aluminum potassium sulfate.
The porous rice hull ash is prepared by the following method:
(1) uniformly mixing 200-400 parts of rice hull and 20-30 parts of kaolin according to the parts by weight, and heating for 24-32 hours at 500-600 ℃ under anoxic or anaerobic conditions until the rice hull ash is pink;
(2) uniformly mixing the rice hull ash prepared in the step (1) with a 5-8% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, and then drying at the temperature of 120-150 ℃ to remove moisture to obtain a dried mixture;
(3) activating the dried mixture in an activation furnace at 500-700 ℃ for 0.5-2.5h to obtain activated rice hull ash;
(4) washing the activated rice hull ash with hot water until the water after washing is neutral, and drying at the temperature of 120-150 ℃ for 8-15h to prepare the porous rice hull ash.
The mass ratio of the rice hull ash to the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution in the step (2) is (1-3): 1.
the invention has the beneficial effects that: the method for purifying the surface electroplating waste liquid adopts a method of decomplexation precipitation to remove nickel ions, a method of calcium chloride precipitation to remove phosphorus ions, and finally an active adsorption method to remove residual nickel ions and phosphorus ions, so that the removal efficiency is high, the nickel hydroxide precipitate obtained in the removal process can be used as a preparation raw material for continuously recovering metallic nickel, and the precipitated phosphorus compound can be directly used as a fertilizer, so that the nickel and phosphorus ions are removed and the resource reutilization is realized.
Detailed Description
In order that the invention may be more fully understood, reference will now be made to the following description. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
In the following examples, samples of the waste electroplating solution were taken from a nickel plating factory, and the waste electroplating solution contained 14206mg/L nickel and 7023mg/L phosphorus.
Example 1
A method for purifying surface electroplating waste liquid comprises the following steps:
(1) taking 1000m L electroplating waste liquid, adding 8g of sodium peroxide into the electroplating waste liquid, stirring the electroplating waste liquid at normal temperature, reacting for 1.5h, then adding 12g of sodium hydroxide into the electroplating waste liquid, reacting for 0.8h, and separating nickel hydroxide precipitate;
(2) adjusting the pH value of the waste liquid to 7.8 by adopting a hydrochloric acid solution, adding 70g of calcium chloride, heating to 80 ℃, reacting for 1.2h, cooling to room temperature, and separating phosphate precipitate;
(3) and (3) adding 40g of porous rice hull ash into the electroplating waste liquid treated in the step (2), stirring for 8min, and separating the porous rice hull ash.
The porous rice hull ash is prepared by the following method:
(1) uniformly mixing 300 parts of rice hull and 25 parts of kaolin according to parts by weight, and heating for 28 hours at 550 ℃ under an oxygen-free condition until rice hull ash presents pink;
(2) uniformly mixing the rice hull ash prepared in the step (1) with a 6% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, wherein the mass ratio of the rice hull ash to the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is 2: 1, then drying at 130 ℃ to remove water to obtain a dry mixture;
(3) activating the dried mixture in an activation furnace at 600 ℃ for 1.5h to obtain activated rice hull ash;
(4) washing the activated rice hull ash with hot water until the water after washing is neutral, and drying at 130 ℃ for 12h to prepare the porous rice hull ash.
Example 2
A method for purifying surface electroplating waste liquid comprises the following steps:
(1) taking 1000mL of electroplating waste liquid, adding 10g of sodium peroxide into the electroplating waste liquid, stirring the electroplating waste liquid at normal temperature, reacting for 1h, then adding 15g of sodium hydroxide and 6g of acrylamide into the electroplating waste liquid, reacting for 0.6h, and separating nickel hydroxide precipitate;
(2) adjusting the pH value of the waste liquid to 7.0 by adopting a hydrochloric acid solution, adding 80g of calcium chloride, heating to 90 ℃, reacting for 0.8h, cooling to room temperature, and separating phosphate precipitate;
(3) and (3) adding 50g of porous rice hull ash into the electroplating waste liquid treated in the step (2), stirring for 10min, and separating the porous rice hull ash.
The porous rice hull ash is prepared by the following method:
(1) uniformly mixing 400 parts of rice hull and 30 parts of kaolin according to parts by weight, and heating for 26 hours at 600 ℃ under an anoxic condition until rice hull ash presents pink;
(2) uniformly mixing the rice hull ash prepared in the step (1) with a 5% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, wherein the mass ratio of the rice hull ash to the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is 1: 1, then drying at 140 ℃ to remove water to obtain a dry mixture;
(3) activating the dried mixture in an activation furnace at 500 ℃ for 2.5h to obtain activated rice hull ash;
(4) washing the activated rice hull ash with hot water until the water after washing is neutral, and drying at 120 ℃ for 15h to prepare the porous rice hull ash.
Example 3
A method for purifying surface electroplating waste liquid comprises the following steps:
(1) adding 9g of sodium peroxide into 1000m L electroplating waste liquid, stirring at normal temperature, reacting for 0.5h, adding 11g of sodium hydroxide, 2g of ammonium aluminum sulfate and 2g of dimethyldiallylammonium chloride into the waste liquid, reacting for 0.9h, and separating nickel hydroxide precipitate;
(2) adjusting the pH value of the waste liquid to 7.0 by adopting a hydrochloric acid solution, adding 70g of calcium chloride, heating to 60 ℃, reacting for 1.5h, cooling to room temperature, and separating phosphate precipitate;
(3) and (3) adding 30g of porous rice hull ash into the electroplating waste liquid treated in the step (2), stirring for 6min, and separating the porous rice hull ash.
The porous rice hull ash is prepared by the following method:
(1) uniformly mixing 220 parts of rice hull and 25 parts of kaolin according to parts by weight, and heating for 28 hours at 520 ℃ under an oxygen-free condition until rice hull ash presents pink;
(2) uniformly mixing the rice hull ash prepared in the step (1) with an 8% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, wherein the mass ratio of the rice hull ash to the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is 3: 1, then drying at 120 ℃ to remove water to obtain a dry mixture;
(3) activating the dried mixture in an activation furnace at 500 ℃ for 2.2h to obtain activated rice hull ash;
(4) washing the activated rice hull ash with hot water until the water after washing is neutral, and drying at 125 ℃ for 13h to prepare the porous rice hull ash.
Comparative example 1
A method for purifying surface electroplating waste liquid comprises the following steps:
(1) taking 1000m L electroplating waste liquid, adding 8g of sodium peroxide into the electroplating waste liquid, stirring the electroplating waste liquid at normal temperature, reacting for 1.5h, then adding 12g of sodium hydroxide into the electroplating waste liquid, reacting for 0.8h, and separating nickel hydroxide precipitate;
(2) adjusting the pH value of the waste liquid to 7.8 by adopting a hydrochloric acid solution, adding 70g of calcium chloride, heating to 80 ℃, reacting for 1.2h, cooling to room temperature, and separating phosphate precipitate;
(3) and (3) adding 40g of porous rice hull ash into the electroplating waste liquid treated in the step (2), stirring for 8min, and separating the porous rice hull ash.
The porous rice hull ash is prepared by the following method:
(1) heating 300 parts of rice hulls for 28 hours at 550 ℃ under an anaerobic condition according to parts by weight;
(2) uniformly mixing the rice hull ash prepared in the step (1) with a 6% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, wherein the mass ratio of the rice hull ash to the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is 2: 1, then drying at 130 ℃ to remove water to obtain a dry mixture;
(3) activating the dried mixture in an activation furnace at 600 ℃ for 1.5h to obtain activated rice hull ash;
(4) washing the activated rice hull ash with hot water until the water after washing is neutral, and drying at 130 ℃ for 12h to prepare the porous rice hull ash.
Comparative example 2
A method for purifying surface electroplating waste liquid comprises the following steps:
(1) taking 1000m L electroplating waste liquid, adding 8g of sodium peroxide into the electroplating waste liquid, stirring the electroplating waste liquid at normal temperature, reacting for 1.5h, then adding 12g of sodium hydroxide into the electroplating waste liquid, reacting for 0.8h, and separating nickel hydroxide precipitate;
(2) adjusting the pH value of the waste liquid to 7.8 by adopting a hydrochloric acid solution, adding 70g of calcium chloride, heating to 80 ℃, reacting for 1.2h, cooling to room temperature, and separating phosphate precipitate;
(3) and (3) adding 40g of kaolin into the electroplating waste liquid treated in the step (2), stirring for 8min, and separating the porous rice hull ash.
Comparative example 3
A method for purifying surface electroplating waste liquid comprises the following steps:
(1) taking 1000m L electroplating waste liquid, adding 8g of sodium peroxide into the electroplating waste liquid, stirring the electroplating waste liquid at normal temperature, reacting for 1.5h, then adding 12g of sodium hydroxide into the electroplating waste liquid, reacting for 0.8h, and separating nickel hydroxide precipitate;
(2) adjusting the pH value of the waste liquid to 7.8 by adopting a hydrochloric acid solution, adding 70g of calcium chloride, heating to 80 ℃, reacting for 1.2h, cooling to room temperature, and separating phosphate precipitate.
Comparative example 4
A method for purifying surface electroplating waste liquid comprises the following steps:
(1) taking 1000m L electroplating waste liquid, adding 8g of sodium peroxide into the electroplating waste liquid, stirring the electroplating waste liquid at normal temperature, reacting for 1.5h, then adding 12g of sodium hydroxide into the electroplating waste liquid, reacting for 0.8h, and separating nickel hydroxide precipitate;
(2) adjusting the pH value of the waste liquid to 5.8 by adopting a hydrochloric acid solution, adding 70g of calcium chloride, heating to 80 ℃, reacting for 1.2h, cooling to room temperature, and separating phosphate precipitate;
(3) and (3) adding 40g of porous rice hull ash into the electroplating waste liquid treated in the step (2), stirring for 8min, and separating the porous rice hull ash.
The porous rice hull ash is prepared by the following method:
(1) uniformly mixing 300 parts of rice hull and 25 parts of kaolin according to parts by weight, and heating for 28 hours at 550 ℃ under an oxygen-free condition until rice hull ash presents pink;
(2) uniformly mixing the rice hull ash prepared in the step (1) with a 6% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, wherein the mass ratio of the rice hull ash to the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is 2: 1, then drying at 130 ℃ to remove water to obtain a dry mixture;
(3) activating the dried mixture in an activation furnace at 600 ℃ for 1.5h to obtain activated rice hull ash;
(4) washing the activated rice hull ash with hot water until the water after washing is neutral, and drying at 130 ℃ for 12h to prepare the porous rice hull ash.
Test example:
the concentration of nickel ions after the electroplating waste liquid is treated is detected by adopting a flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry method, a water sample to be detected is directly sprayed into air-acetylene lean-burn flame, all nickel compounds are dissociated into atoms of a ground state at high temperature, and the atomic vapor of nickel can selectively absorb a characteristic spectral line with the wavelength of 232.0nm emitted by a nickel hollow cathode lamp. The absorbance is in direct proportion to the concentration of nickel in the sample, and the concentration of nickel ions in the sample can be obtained by measuring the absorbance.
The method comprises the steps of detecting the concentration of phosphorus after electroplating waste liquid treatment by adopting an ammonium molybdate spectrophotometry, digesting a sample by potassium persulfate under a neutral condition to convert phosphorus in a water sample to be detected into orthophosphate, adding antimonate into an acidic medium, adding ammonium molybdate, and reacting the ammonium molybdate with phosphate to generate phosphomolybdic heteropoly acid, wherein the phosphomolybdic heteropoly acid can be reduced into a blue complex by ascorbic acid, and the complex is called molybdenum blue. And (4) measuring the absorbance of the solution by a spectrophotometer to calculate the total phosphorus content.
The results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 2
Note: represents P <0.01 compared to example 1, # # represents P <0.01 compared to comparative example 1 and comparative example 2.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A method for purifying surface electroplating waste liquid is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) adding 2-10g of sodium peroxide into 1000mL of electroplating waste liquid, stirring at normal temperature, reacting for 0.5-2h, adding 10-15g of sodium hydroxide into the waste liquid, reacting for 0.3-1.2h, and separating nickel hydroxide precipitate;
(2) adjusting pH of the waste liquid to 6.8-8.0 with hydrochloric acid solution, adding 50-80g calcium chloride, heating to 50-90 deg.C, reacting for 0.5-1.5h, cooling to room temperature, and separating phosphate precipitate.
(3) And (3) adding 20-50g of porous rice hull ash into the electroplating waste liquid treated in the step (2), stirring for 5-10min, and separating the porous rice hull ash.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plating waste liquid has a nickel content of 200-.
3. The method for purifying a waste electroplating solution on a surface according to claim 1, wherein 3-8g of flocculant is added at the same time of adding sodium hydroxide in the step (1).
4. The method for purifying the surface electroplating waste liquid according to claim 3, wherein the flocculating agent is one or more of aluminum ammonium sulfate, acrylamide, dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride, sodium monocetyl maleate and aluminum potassium sulfate.
5. The method for purifying a waste liquid from surface plating according to claim 1, wherein the porous rice husk ash is prepared by the following method:
(1) uniformly mixing 200-400 parts of rice hull and 20-30 parts of kaolin according to the parts by weight, and heating for 24-32 hours at 500-600 ℃ under anoxic or anaerobic conditions until the rice hull ash is pink;
(2) uniformly mixing the rice hull ash prepared in the step (1) with a 5-8% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, and then drying at the temperature of 120-150 ℃ to remove moisture to obtain a dried mixture;
(3) activating the dried mixture in an activation furnace at 500-700 ℃ for 0.5-2.5h to obtain activated rice hull ash;
(4) washing the activated rice hull ash with hot water until the water after washing is neutral, and drying at the temperature of 120-150 ℃ for 8-15h to prepare the porous rice hull ash.
6. The method for purifying a waste liquid from surface plating according to claim 5, wherein the mass ratio of the rice hull ash to the aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide in the step (2) is (1-3): 1.
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