CN106167304A - A kind of heavy metal-polluted water treatment agent and processing method - Google Patents
A kind of heavy metal-polluted water treatment agent and processing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106167304A CN106167304A CN201610644557.8A CN201610644557A CN106167304A CN 106167304 A CN106167304 A CN 106167304A CN 201610644557 A CN201610644557 A CN 201610644557A CN 106167304 A CN106167304 A CN 106167304A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
- C02F3/347—Use of yeasts or fungi
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/281—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using inorganic sorbents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/286—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using natural organic sorbents or derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
- C02F1/5245—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents using basic salts, e.g. of aluminium and iron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/70—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by reduction
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
- C02F2101/22—Chromium or chromium compounds, e.g. chromates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/06—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment pH
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/04—Disinfection
Abstract
The present invention proposes a kind of heavy metal-polluted water treatment agent, calculate according to mass percent, the calcium hydroxide of sulfhydryl modified biological material including 30% 50%, the ferrous sulfate of 20% 25%, the obligate zeolite of 10% 18%, the yeast dry powder bacterium of 3% 8% and 4% 10%.Heavy metal-polluted water treatment agent obvious processing effect prepared by the present invention, technological process is simple, and medicament stock is easy to get, with low cost, and processing procedure liquid does not produce new " three wastes ", has good promotion and application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to heavy metal-polluted water process field, particularly to a kind of heavy metal-polluted water treatment agent and
Its processing method.
Background technology
It is one of serious environmental problems of currently facing of China that water pollutes.China's sewage annual emissions one since 1985
Directly maintain 35,000,000,000-400 hundred million m3Left and right.Along with developing rapidly of modern industry, especially plating, electronics, ore dressing, metallurgy, change
The industry such as work and automobile creates plurality of heavy metal polluted-water.In this kind of water body, the mass concentration of heavy metal ion is the highest
Reach 105mg/L, far above maximum allowable mass concentration.Once enter in natural environment, heavy damage is ecological, aggravate water shortage,
Also can serious threat industrial and agricultural production and human health.
In general, heavy metal-polluted water refers to the industrial processes such as mining and metallurgy, machine-building, chemical industry, electronics, instrument
The waste water containing heavy metal (such as cupric, cadmium, nickel, hydrargyrum, zinc, chromium etc.) of middle discharge.In this kind of water body, heavy metal not only can not be by
Biodegradation, and can be enriched with the most in vivo by food chain, even can be translated into the chemical combination that toxicity is bigger
Thing, reaches harmful level, is finally detrimental to health at people's body accumulation some biology in biological chain.When this kind of water body is arranged
It is put in farmland, by the growth that directly harms the crops, causes the underproduction or total crop failure.When, in this kind of discharge into water to rivers and lakes, inciting somebody to action
Poison microorganisms in water, even cause the decline of bio-diversity, make ecosystem by heavy damage.
At present, the Processing tecchnics of heavy metal polluted-water includes the exchange of chemical precipitation method, membrane concentration method, ion, absorption
Method etc..In commercial Application, chemical precipitation method is treatment of heavy metal polluted water body most common method.It is by toward polluted water
Body adds a large amount of chemical agent, makes heavy metal be transformed into insoluble chemical compound from the ionic condition dissolved and precipitate, from water
In transfer in mud, but its cost is the highest, and the input of various medicament itself also brings along the secondary pollution of water quality;
Membrane concentration method is to make most heavy metal ion concentrate in a small amount of water, and the heavy metal in enriched product can reclaim profit
With, but it is the highest to run running cost, and effect is not ideal.Absorption method is a kind of sewage purification measure with application potential.
In prior art, conventional activated carbon is as high-efficiency adsorbent, but its preparation cost is higher, regeneration difficulty, and application is restricted.
How to find and a kind of may replace the activated carbon novel cheap medicament for heavy metal-polluted water, become the newest research heat
Point.
Summary of the invention
In place of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of raw material sources extensive, cheap, performance efficiency
Heavy metal-polluted water treatment agent and processing method.
The present invention proposes a kind of heavy metal-polluted water treatment agent, calculates according to mass percent, including 30%-50%
Sulfhydryl modified biological material, the ferrous sulfate of 20%-25%, the obligate zeolite of 10%-18%, 3%-8% yeast do
Powder bacterium and the calcium hydroxide of 4%-10%.
Preferably, calculating according to mass percent, sulfhydryl modified biological material, the sulphuric acid of 25% including 50% are sub-
Ferrum, the obligate zeolite of 12%, the yeast dry powder bacterium of 8% and the calcium hydroxide of 5%.
Preferably, one or both during described biological material is agricultural crop straw, farming species shell.
Preferably, described sulfhydryl modified biological material is prepared via a method which:
S11, the pretreatment of biological material: by biological material cutting, clean, dry, pulverize, sieve after immerse quality
Mark be 30% NaOH solution in 4h, the solid-to-liquid ratio of biological material and NaOH is 10g/mL;
S13, filters and is washed with deionized residue until PH is 67, is subsequently placed in 100 110 DEG C of baking ovens drying
20 24h, obtain the first product;
S15, weighs the first product 50g, immerses in 125mL dimethylformamide (DMF) solution, adds 250mL sulfydryl second
Acid and 1.25gNaHSO4, the post-heating that stirs, to 120 DEG C of reaction 4h, is cooled to after room temperature take out residue, and joins and contain
300gNa2The 1250mL ethanol solution of S reacting 2h, vacuum filtration, being washed with deionized residue, until using 0.05mol/L
FeCl2Solution inspection does not measures till having black precipitate in leachates;
S17, continues to be washed with deionized residue, and constant to pH value is 5.02 to be placed in 65 DEG C of vacuum drying ovens drying
Obtain the second product after 24h, be modified biological material.
The present invention also proposes a kind of heavy metal-polluted water processing method, and it comprises the following steps:
S10, pretreatment: by filtering and precipitation, remove the float in handled waste water;
S30, main process: add heavy metal-polluted water inorganic agent of the present invention in waste water, under normal temperature condition,
Flowing is cultivated 24 hours;
S50, post processing: will process after waste water sterile-processed after, directly discharge or reuse.
The present invention replaces activated carbon with discarded biological material, by being chemically incorporated into the organo-functional group pair of sulfur-bearing
It carries out the most modified preparing heavy metal ion (Cr2+、Pb2+、Cu2+、Zn2+、Ni2+And Hg2+) there is good adsorption energy
The adsorbent of power, effectively reduces because environment is caused by biological material burning or throw aside while preventing from causing secondary pollution
Pollute, it is achieved that the recycling of refuse.It is particular for the heavy metal ion in polluted-water, and treatment effect is excellent;More
Because its raw material sources is extensive, draw materials conveniently, and make cheap for manufacturing cost, be more beneficial for promoting and using.
Detailed description of the invention
Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein, only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention
Scope.
A kind of heavy metal-polluted water treatment agent, calculates according to mass percent, sulfhydryl modified including 30%-50%
Biological material, the ferrous sulfate of 20%-25%, the obligate zeolite of 10%-18%, the yeast dry powder bacterium of 3%-8% and 4%-
The calcium hydroxide of 10%.
Preferably, calculate according to mass percent, it sulfhydryl modified biological material including 50%, sulphuric acid Asia of 25%
Ferrum, the obligate zeolite of 12%, the yeast dry powder bacterium of 8% and the calcium hydroxide of 5%.
During the present invention implements, modification biological material is the organo-functional group by being chemically incorporated into sulfur-bearing, thus right
Heavy metal ion (Cd2+、Pb2+、Cu2+、Zn2+、Ni2+And Hg2+) adsorb.Specifically, described biological material is crops
One or both in straw, farming species shell.Farming species shell can be rice hulls, wheat husk and Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae etc., crops straw
Stalk can be the stem and leaf of the crops such as Caulis et Folium Oryzae, wheat straw, corn stalk, kaoliang stalk and cotton stem.
Ferrous sulfate is reducing agent and flocculant.Heavy metal wastewater thereby often contains Cr VI, it is impossible to directly remove, need
First trivalent chromium, trivalent chromium is become to be precipitated removal in the basic conditions hexavalent chrome reduction with ferrous ion.It addition, iron ion leads to
Cross dissolving and water suction can occur intense hydrolysis, and in hydrolysis, various polyreaction occurs simultaneously, generate and there is longer linear structure
The light based polyalcohol of multinuclear, such as Fe2(OH)2、Fe3(OH)4、Fe5(OH)8、Fe6(OH)9Deng.These iron content can have through base complex
Effect reduces or eliminates the hair current potential of colloid in solution, makes coacervation of colloid by the volume effect of sweeping of charge neutrality, adsorption bridging and flco,
And form the highest Fe of the degree of polymerization (OH)3Gel, has stronger absorption, wad a quilt with cotton bridge, coagulative precipitation performance.
Obligate zeolite contain specific sulfenyl functional group (SH), the heavy metal ion can adsorbed, intercept in waste water, particularly without
Machine mercury salt class, carries out part removal to the float in water simultaneously, to reduce subsequent treatment load;Yeast dry powder bacterium is to utilize to make
The most remaining discarded beer yeast drying processes and obtains, can to a certain degree Adsorption of Heavy Metal Ions, and raw material is easy to get, technique
Simply, convenient to operate;Hydroxide ion in calcium hydroxide can react with hydrion in waste water, improves the pH value of waste water, by
In the rising of pH value, part heavy metal ion can produce precipitation and be removed, such as Cu (OH)2, Ni (OH)2, Zn (OH)2And Cr
(OH)3Deng.
Specifically, above-mentioned modification biological material is prepared via a method which:
S11, the pretreatment of biological material: by biological material cutting, clean, dry, pulverize, sieve after immerse quality
Mark be 30% NaOH solution in 4h, the solid-to-liquid ratio of biological material and NaOH is 10g/mL;
In this step, first remove the residual leaf on biological material and residual knot, clean native slag and the dust of residual with tap water,
Clean three times with deionized water again;It is subsequently placed in 60 DEG C and dries 48h, pulverize and cross 20 mesh sieves;The effect of NaOH solution is to remove
The Organic substances such as the dissolubility pigment in biological material.
S13, filters and is washed with deionized residue until PH is 67, is subsequently placed in 100 110 DEG C of baking ovens drying
20 24h, obtain the first product;
In this step, it is preferable that PH is 6.73.Gained the first products collection efficiency about 73.28%, specific surface area about 0.36m2/
G, porosity 78.8%, content of organic matter 941.8g/kg, P content 1.1g/kg, K content 28.4g/kg, N content 11.7g/kg,
Moisture 100.6g/kg.
S15, weighs the first product 50g, immerses in 125mL dimethylformamide (DMF) solution, adds 250mL sulfydryl second
Acid and 1.25gNaHSO4, the post-heating that stirs, to 120 DEG C of reaction 4h, is cooled to after room temperature take out residue, and joins and contain
300gNa2The 1250mL ethanol solution of S reacting 2h, vacuum filtration, being washed with deionized residue, until using 0.05mol/L
FeCl2Solution inspection does not measures till having black precipitate in leachates.
In this step, NaHSO4Play catalytic action;Use 0.05mol/LFeCl2Solution inspection does not measures has black to sink in leachates
Form sediment, the Na of remnants is described2S is completely removed.
S17, continues to be washed with deionized residue, and constant to pH value is 5.02 to be placed in 65 DEG C of vacuum drying ovens drying
The second product is obtained after 24h.
Described second product is pale yellow powder, productivity about 97.31%.After testing, its porosity 76.3%, specific surface area
About 0.27m2/g。
The present invention also proposes the processing method of a kind of heavy metal-polluted water, comprises the steps:
S10, pretreatment: by filtering and precipitation, remove the float in handled polluted-water;
S30, main process: add the heavy metal-polluted water treatment agent of above-mentioned preparation in waste water, under normal temperature condition,
Flowing is cultivated 24 hours;
S50, post processing: will process after waste water sterile-processed after, directly discharge or reuse.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of heavy metal containing wastewater treatment medicament, is obtained by following weight mixed raw material is standby: sulfhydryl modified biological material
3Kg, ferrous sulfate 2.3Kg, obligate zeolite 1.8Kg, yeast dry powder bacterium 0.3Kg, calcium hydroxide 1Kg.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of heavy metal containing wastewater treatment medicament, is obtained by following weight mixed raw material is standby: sulfhydryl modified biological material
4.5Kg, ferrous sulfate 2Kg, obligate zeolite 1Kg, yeast dry powder bacterium 0.5Kg, calcium hydroxide 0.4Kg.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of heavy metal containing wastewater treatment medicament, is obtained by following weight mixed raw material is standby: sulfhydryl modified biological material
5Kg, ferrous sulfate 2.5Kg, obligate zeolite 1.2Kg, yeast dry powder bacterium 0.8Kg, calcium hydroxide 0.5Kg.
Compliance test result: heavy metal-polluted water medicament embodiment 13 obtained is used for processing industrial wastewater, the most right
Industrial wastewater before and after treatment carries out sampling analysis test, comparison integrated wastewater discharge standard (GB8978 1996)
Grade standard, concrete data see table.
Embodiment 1:
Embodiment 2:
Embodiment 3:
By the test data in above-mentioned table it can be seen that use the medicament for heavy metal containing wastewater treatment that the present invention provides
All fine to the treatment effect of each heavy metal ion, water remains concentration of heavy metal ion well below national regulation after process
Discharge standard, average removal rate is up to more than 95%.
The medicament for heavy metal containing wastewater treatment that the present invention provides is by being chemically incorporated into the organo-functional group of sulfur-bearing
Biomass raw material is carried out mercapto-functionalized process, makes to create between sulfydryl and heavy metal ion complexing, relative to
Non-sulfhydrylation biological material, higher to the absorbability of Heavy Metals in Waters bivalent cation, and technological process is simple, medicament
Raw material is easy to get, with low cost, and processing procedure liquid does not produce new " three wastes ", obvious processing effect.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all spirit in the present invention and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement etc. made, should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a heavy metal-polluted water treatment agent, it is characterised in that calculate according to mass percent, including 30%-50%
Sulfhydryl modified biological material, the ferrous sulfate of 20%-25%, the obligate zeolite of 10%-18%, 3%-8% yeast do
Powder bacterium and the calcium hydroxide of 4%-10%.
2. heavy metal-polluted water treatment agent as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that calculate according to mass percent,
Sulfhydryl modified biological material including 50%, the ferrous sulfate of 25%, the obligate zeolite of 12%, the yeast dry powder bacterium of 8% and
The calcium hydroxide of 5%.
3. heavy metal-polluted water treatment agent as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that described biological material is
One or both in agricultural crop straw, farming species shell.
4. heavy metal-polluted water treatment agent as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described sulfhydryl modified biomass material
Material is prepared via a method which:
S11, the pretreatment of biological material: by biological material cutting, clean, dry, pulverize, sieve after immerse mass fraction
Being 4h in the NaOH solution of 30%, biological material is 10g/mL with the solid-to-liquid ratio of NaOH;
S13, filters and is washed with deionized residue until PH is 67, is subsequently placed in 100 110 DEG C of baking ovens drying 20
24h, obtains the first product;
S15, weighs the first product 50g, immerses in 125mL dimethyl formamide solution, add 250mL TGA and
1.25gNaHSO4, the post-heating that stirs, to 120 DEG C of reaction 4h, is cooled to after room temperature take out residue, and joins and contain
300gNa2The 1250mL ethanol solution of S reacting 2h, vacuum filtration, being washed with deionized residue, until using 0.05mol/L
FeCl2Solution inspection does not measures till having black precipitate in leachates;
S17, continues to be washed with deionized residue, to pH value constant be 5.02 be placed in 65 DEG C of vacuum drying ovens drying 24h
After the second product, be modified biological material.
5. a heavy metal-polluted water processing method, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
S10, pretreatment: by filtering and precipitation, remove the float in handled polluted-water;
S30, main process: add the heavy metal pollution according to any one of claim 14 in the waste water that step S10 processes
Water body treatment agent, under normal temperature condition, flowing is cultivated 24 hours;
S50, post processing: after sterile-processed for the waste water after the process of step S30, directly discharge or reuse.
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Cited By (5)
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CN108176361A (en) * | 2018-02-06 | 2018-06-19 | 广东环境保护工程职业学院 | Sulfhydryl modified charcoal based on agricultural wastes and its preparation method and application |
CN108410474A (en) * | 2018-05-10 | 2018-08-17 | 张鑫 | Active soil conditioner of a kind of reduction heavy metal in soil and preparation method thereof |
CN111250054A (en) * | 2020-01-20 | 2020-06-09 | 中南林业科技大学 | Group functionalized hypha filter membrane and preparation method and application thereof |
CN111453829A (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2020-07-28 | 广东工业大学 | Magnetic heavy metal trapping agent and application thereof |
CN111762916A (en) * | 2020-07-08 | 2020-10-13 | 生态环境部南京环境科学研究所 | Heavy metal wastewater treatment method containing high-concentration suspended matters |
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Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN108176361A (en) * | 2018-02-06 | 2018-06-19 | 广东环境保护工程职业学院 | Sulfhydryl modified charcoal based on agricultural wastes and its preparation method and application |
CN108410474A (en) * | 2018-05-10 | 2018-08-17 | 张鑫 | Active soil conditioner of a kind of reduction heavy metal in soil and preparation method thereof |
CN111250054A (en) * | 2020-01-20 | 2020-06-09 | 中南林业科技大学 | Group functionalized hypha filter membrane and preparation method and application thereof |
CN111250054B (en) * | 2020-01-20 | 2022-08-16 | 中南林业科技大学 | Group functionalized hypha filter membrane and preparation method and application thereof |
CN111453829A (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2020-07-28 | 广东工业大学 | Magnetic heavy metal trapping agent and application thereof |
CN111762916A (en) * | 2020-07-08 | 2020-10-13 | 生态环境部南京环境科学研究所 | Heavy metal wastewater treatment method containing high-concentration suspended matters |
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