CN111203769A - Tapered roller grinding method and device based on large-end spherical datum plane as datum positioning - Google Patents
Tapered roller grinding method and device based on large-end spherical datum plane as datum positioning Download PDFInfo
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- CN111203769A CN111203769A CN201911368377.1A CN201911368377A CN111203769A CN 111203769 A CN111203769 A CN 111203769A CN 201911368377 A CN201911368377 A CN 201911368377A CN 111203769 A CN111203769 A CN 111203769A
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- positioning
- tapered roller
- grinding
- base surface
- guide plate
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B5/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor
- B24B5/18—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor involving centreless means for supporting, guiding, floating or rotating work
- B24B5/24—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor involving centreless means for supporting, guiding, floating or rotating work for grinding conical surfaces
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B5/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor
- B24B5/18—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor involving centreless means for supporting, guiding, floating or rotating work
- B24B5/307—Means for supporting work
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B5/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor
- B24B5/35—Accessories
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B5/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor
- B24B5/35—Accessories
- B24B5/355—Feeding means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B53/00—Devices or means for dressing or conditioning abrasive surfaces
- B24B53/06—Devices or means for dressing or conditioning abrasive surfaces of profiled abrasive wheels
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Grinding Of Cylindrical And Plane Surfaces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a tapered roller grinding method and a device based on large end spherical datum plane as datum positioning.A reverse positioning mechanism is additionally arranged at the front end of a guide plate of a centerless grinder and comprises a positioning crank arm, the middle part of the positioning crank arm is rotatably connected with the guide plate through a hinge shaft, one end of the positioning crank arm is provided with an elastic pre-tightening rod, a rear positioning block and a front positioning shaft are arranged on the guide plate, and the rear positioning block and the front positioning shaft respectively limit the positioning crank arm and the elastic pre-tightening rod; during grinding, the other end of the positioning crank arm is in contact with a large-end spherical base surface of the tapered roller by adjusting the elastic pre-tightening rod, the front positioning shaft and the rear positioning block, so that the large-end spherical base surface of the roller is used as a reference for positioning and grinding, and the tapered roller is used as a reference for grinding wheel correction, guide wheel correction, grinding and measurement; and the height of the running track is consistent with that of the bearing when in use, so that the precision grade, the rotating speed and the service life of the tapered roller bearing are improved.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to a grinding method of a tapered roller, in particular to a tapered roller grinding method and a tapered roller grinding device based on a large-end spherical datum plane as reference positioning.
Background art:
currently, in the field of mechanical assembly industry, in order to improve production efficiency and reduce production cost, the rotating speed of a bearing needs to be increased and the service life of the bearing needs to be prolonged. The tapered roller bearing can bear radial force, axial force and certain overturning moment load; the tapered roller bearing can be designed into a double-row tapered roller bearing and a four-row tapered roller bearing according to the requirements of installation conditions, so that different working conditions are met, and the tapered roller bearing is favored by a plurality of designers, and the service life of equipment is prolonged as much as possible without increasing the equipment investment; however, the designed limit speed of the tapered roller bearing with the same size is lower than that of other types of bearings (deep groove ball, cylindrical roller bearing and the like), and the use effect of the large and super tapered roller bearing is poorer. If the tapered roller bearing is replaced by the international brand tapered roller bearing, the using effect is obviously better than that of the domestic bearing; in recent years, domestic bearing production enterprises purchase a batch of high-precision numerical control grinding equipment so as to improve the manufacturing precision grade of the bearing and meet the market demand of high-end bearings. After the measures are implemented, the deep groove ball bearing and the cylindrical roller bearing have satisfactory market acceptance, but the conical roller bearing has certain difference with the international brand bearing in use effect.
With the progress of research, a traditional grinding method of the tapered roller is systematically analyzed, and key factors for restricting the grinding quality of the tapered roller are found out and are contrary to the positioning and design principle of the small end face of the tapered roller; the design principle requires that the central line of the tapered roller is intersected with the outer ring raceway generatrix and the inner ring raceway generatrix at one point, and the intersected tangent plane of the three lines must be tangent to the positive phase of the roller spherical basal plane, so that the pure rolling condition of the tapered roller bearing in use can be realized. In the traditional tapered roller processing method, the small end face of the tapered roller is used as a positioning reference, and the cutting-in grinding method is adopted for processing, so that the tangent plane of the three-line intersection and the ball base plane of the roller can not form positive tangency, the sliding phenomenon of the tapered roller bearing in the use process can be caused, and the service life and the speed of the bearing can be influenced. The main consideration of grinding the tapered roller on the centerless grinding machine by taking the small end face of the tapered roller as a positioning reference is to facilitate loading and unloading, and the detection and use of the tapered roller are both based on the large-end ball base surface. If the tapered roller is replaced by taking the sphere base surface as the reference surface during measurement, the batch grouping size of the finished roller has larger deviation, so that the batch grouping labor amount is increased, the rework rate is high, and the cost is increased. When the tapered roller is used, the bearing is easy to generate heat when rotating at a high speed, so that the limit rotating speed of the bearing is greatly reduced, and the service life of the bearing is seriously influenced.
The invention content is as follows:
the technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the method and the device for grinding the tapered roller based on the large-end spherical base surface as the reference positioning have the advantages of overcoming the defects of the prior art, along with reasonable design, improvement of machining precision and prolonged service life.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a tapered roller grinding method based on large-end spherical datum plane as reference positioning comprises the following steps:
a. the method comprises the following steps that a reverse positioning mechanism is additionally arranged at the front end of a guide plate of the centerless grinding machine and comprises a positioning crank arm, the middle part of the positioning crank arm is rotatably connected with the guide plate through a hinge shaft, an elastic pre-tightening rod is arranged at one end of the positioning crank arm, a rear positioning block and a front positioning shaft are arranged on the guide plate, and the rear positioning block and the front positioning shaft respectively limit the positioning crank arm and the elastic pre-tightening rod;
b. during grinding, the other end of the positioning crank arm is in contact with a large-end spherical base surface of the tapered roller by adjusting the elastic pre-tightening rod, the front positioning shaft and the rear positioning block, so that the large-end spherical base surface of the roller is used as a reference for positioning and grinding, and the tapered roller is used as a reference for grinding wheel correction, guide wheel correction, grinding and measurement; and is consistent with the running track height of the bearing in use.
The other end of the positioning crank arm is provided with an arc surface and is in tangential contact with the large-end spherical base surface of the tapered roller. The outer end of the elastic pre-tightening rod is provided with a spherical handle, so that the elastic pre-tightening rod is convenient to operate and made of elastic materials.
The rear positioning block is fixed on the guide plate through a connecting bolt, the side face of the rear positioning block is in contact with the side face of the positioning crank arm, and the front positioning shaft is in tight fit with the positioning hole in the guide plate.
A tapered roller grinding device based on large-end spherical datum plane as datum positioning comprises a positioning crank arm, wherein the middle part of the positioning crank arm is rotatably connected with a guide plate through a hinge shaft, an elastic pre-tightening rod is arranged at one end of the positioning crank arm, a rear positioning block and a front positioning shaft are arranged on the guide plate, the rear positioning block and the front positioning shaft respectively limit the positioning crank arm and the elastic pre-tightening rod, the other end of the positioning crank arm is in contact with the large-end spherical datum plane of a tapered roller, positioning grinding with the large-end spherical datum plane of the roller as the datum is realized, and the tapered roller is based on the spherical datum plane of the tapered roller in grinding wheel correction, guide wheel correction, grinding and measurement; and is consistent with the running track height of the bearing in use.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention adopts a reverse positioning mechanism to realize positioning grinding by taking the ball base surface of the large end of the roller as a reference, so that the ball base surface of the tapered roller is taken as the reference in the finishing, grinding and measuring of a grinding wheel and a guide wheel of the tapered roller; and is consistent with the running track height of the bearing when in use; the precision grade of the tapered roller bearing can be improved, and the rotating speed and the service life of the tapered roller bearing can be improved.
2. The invention mainly aims to grind and process long-life symmetrical logarithmic modification tapered roller buses by a numerical control centerless grinder, and can realize that a numerical control grinding wheel dresser and a numerical control guide wheel dresser finish grinding wheels and guide wheels, so that the value taking and operation starting end of an X axis takes a spherical datum plane and a reverse positioning mechanism contact point as a starting point, and the spherical datum plane of the tapered roller is taken as a reference in grinding wheel correction, guide wheel correction, grinding and measurement, thereby improving the production efficiency and the inspection efficiency.
3. The invention makes the placing and taking of the tapered roller convenient and easy to operate, so the reverse positioning mechanism is designed into a linkage structure, namely, when the tapered roller is placed and taken onto the grinding machine, the spherical positioning device needs to fall below the guide plate, the spherical positioning device can be lifted to be in contact with the spherical base surface of the tapered roller for positioning during grinding, and a reverse pre-tightening mechanism and a reverse positioning mechanism need to be additionally arranged. Note: when the axial force generated by the grinding is positive.
4. The invention enables the tapered roller to generate axial force pointing to an operator during grinding to automatically rotate to push the ball base surface of the roller to be in tangential contact with the reverse positioning surface and to be positioned (the ball base surface of the tapered roller is in accordance with the motion track of the bearing during use, and the ball base surface of the tapered roller is in tangential contact with the conical surface of the large flange and to be positioned), so that the layout of the grinding wheel shaft and the guide wheel shaft of the original centerless grinding machine is required to be adjusted in the reverse direction to realize accurate tangential contact positioning.
5. The invention is very suitable for grinding the high-precision long-life surface tapered roller: the design of the generatrix of the high-precision long-life surface tapered roller is a symmetrical logarithmic repair generatrix, and the tangency of the external diameter logarithmic generatrix of the tapered roller and the large-end spherical basal surface of the tapered roller can be realized only by taking the large-end spherical basal surface of the tapered roller as the initial end of a calibration selected surface of a numerical control grinding wheel corrector to correct the grinding surface of a grinding wheel and a guide wheel during grinding. Note: the logarithmic modification formula of the tapered roller is as follows: p (X) = K Dwe Ln (1/[1- (2X/Lwe) ], when 2X ≧ Lwe, the logarithmic function does not hold.
6. The contact positioning point of the reverse positioning mechanism of the invention follows the rotation direction of the tapered roller to reduce the friction resistance during grinding, and the processing quality of the tapered roller can be improved.
7. The reverse positioning mechanism is provided with the front positioning shaft and the rear positioning block, so that the position of the positioning crank arm can be ensured, and the large-end spherical surface of the tapered roller is stably supported.
8. The invention is provided with the elastic pre-tightening rod which can deform under the action of strong force, thereby realizing the function of rotating, regulating and positioning the crank arm, and simultaneously being convenient for operation and high in efficiency.
9. The positioning crank arm adopts the working principle of a lever, the middle part of the positioning crank arm is hinged on the guide plate and can rotate, and one end of the positioning crank arm is provided with the arc surface which is convenient to contact with the large-end spherical base surface of the tapered roller and is in tangential contact with the large-end spherical base surface.
10. The invention has strong practicability in the manufacturing field of large and super-huge tapered roller bearings, is easy to popularize and implement and has good economic benefit.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a tapered roller grinding operation;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a reverse positioning mechanism of a tapered roller grinding device based on a large-end ball base surface as a datum positioning;
fig. 3 is a side view of the reverse positioning mechanism of fig. 2.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
example (b): referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, 1-tapered roller, 2-grinding wheel, 3-guide wheel, 4-guide plate, 5-positioning crank arm, 6-rear positioning block, 7-front positioning shaft, 8-elastic pre-tightening rod, 9-handle, 10-front supporting shaft, 11-rear supporting shaft, 12-articulated shaft; 13-tangential contact point.
In fig. 1, the grinding wheel 2 and the guide wheel 3 both rotate rightwards, and respectively drive the tapered roller 1 to rotate leftwards when the left and right sides of the roller center are tangent, namely the guide wheel 3 guides the roller to rotate leftwards, and the grinding wheel 2 grinds the roller to rotate leftwards so as to enable the roller to realize friction rotation.
A tapered roller grinding method based on large-end spherical datum plane as reference positioning adopts the technical scheme that:
a. the front end of a guide plate 4 of the centerless grinding machine is additionally provided with a reverse positioning mechanism, the reverse positioning mechanism comprises a positioning crank arm 5, the middle part of the positioning crank arm 5 is rotatably connected with the guide plate 4 through a hinge shaft 12, one end of the positioning crank arm 5 is provided with an elastic pre-tightening rod 8, the guide plate 4 is provided with a rear positioning block 6 and a front positioning shaft 7, and the rear positioning block 6 and the front positioning shaft 7 respectively limit the positioning crank arm 5 and the elastic pre-tightening rod 8;
b. during grinding, the other end of the positioning crank arm 5 is contacted with the large-end spherical datum plane of the tapered roller 1 by adjusting the elastic pre-tightening rod 8, the front positioning shaft 7 and the rear positioning block 6, so that the positioning grinding with the large-end spherical datum plane of the roller as a reference is realized, and the tapered roller is subjected to grinding wheel correction, guide wheel correction, grinding and measurement with the spherical datum plane of the tapered roller as a reference; and is consistent with the running track height of the bearing in use.
The preferred scheme is as follows: the other end of the positioning crank arm 5 is provided with an arc surface and is in tangential contact with the large-end spherical base surface of the tapered roller 1. The outer end of the elastic pre-tightening rod 8 is provided with a spherical handle 9, so that the operation is convenient, and the elastic pre-tightening rod 8 is made of elastic materials. The rear positioning block 6 is fixed on the guide plate 4 through a connecting bolt, the side surface of the rear positioning block is in contact with the side surface of the positioning crank arm 5, and the front positioning shaft 7 is in close fit with the positioning hole in the guide plate 4.
The elastic pre-tightening rod 8 has certain elasticity, so that the elastic pre-tightening rod can be pressed downwards and bent outwards, so that the elastic pre-tightening rod can be separated from the constraint of the front positioning column 7, and in addition, the elastic pre-tightening rod 8 also has certain hardness, so that a supporting force is provided for the tapered roller 1.
When the handle 9 is pressed and moves in an outward bending mode, the other end of the positioning crank arm 5 rotates downwards, when the rotating height is lower than that of the guide plate 4, the roller can be freely taken and placed, when the grinding wheel 2 feeds, the handle 9 is reversely operated and pressed to the position of the front positioning shaft 7, the elastic pre-tightening rod 8 generates pre-tightening force after being bent, so that the positioning tangent point of the positioning crank arm 5 is tangent to the ball base surface of the large end of the tapered roller 1, and the positioning surface of the positioning crank arm 5 is in close contact with the anti-positioning surface of the rear positioning block 6 through the pre-tightening force, so that accurate positioning is achieved.
The invention has reasonable design and convenient and simple use. The novel grinding method for grinding the long-life symmetrical logarithmic modification type tapered roller bus by the numerical control centerless grinding machine is realized after the reverse positioning mechanism is installed on the guide plate; and the numerical control grinding wheel dresser and the numerical control guide wheel dresser can realize that the value taking and the operation starting end of an X axis all use the tangent point of the spherical base surface as the starting end point when the grinding wheel dresser and the numerical control guide wheel dresser dress the grinding wheel and the guide wheel, so that the grinding wheel dresser, the guide theory dresser, the cut-in grinding and the inspection measurement all use the spherical base surface of the conical roller as a common reference surface, the production efficiency and the inspection efficiency can be improved on the premise of ensuring the quality, and the production cost is reduced. And the method has a promoting effect on improving the technical level of domestic equipment, and has obvious economic and social benefits.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and all simple modifications, equivalent variations and modifications made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (8)
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911368377.1A CN111203769B (en) | 2019-12-26 | 2019-12-26 | Tapered roller grinding method and device based on large end ball base surface as reference positioning |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911368377.1A CN111203769B (en) | 2019-12-26 | 2019-12-26 | Tapered roller grinding method and device based on large end ball base surface as reference positioning |
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| CN111203769A true CN111203769A (en) | 2020-05-29 |
| CN111203769B CN111203769B (en) | 2025-05-02 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112338654A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-02-09 | 清研精密轴承研究院(洛阳)有限公司 | Adjustable supporting device for grinding of small conical roller |
| CN114692423A (en) * | 2022-04-14 | 2022-07-01 | 洛阳Lyc轴承有限公司 | Antifriction design method of tapered roller bearing |
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| CN211867313U (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-11-06 | 洛阳汇工轴承科技有限公司 | Tapered roller grinding device based on large-end spherical datum plane as datum positioning |
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2019
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Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103108724A (en) * | 2010-09-17 | 2013-05-15 | Ntn株式会社 | Processing apparatus and processing method |
| CN203079543U (en) * | 2013-01-06 | 2013-07-24 | 河南省通信电缆有限公司 | Hanger for coiled cable |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112338654A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-02-09 | 清研精密轴承研究院(洛阳)有限公司 | Adjustable supporting device for grinding of small conical roller |
| CN112338654B (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2022-08-30 | 清研精密轴承研究院(洛阳)有限公司 | Adjustable supporting device for grinding of small conical roller |
| CN114692423A (en) * | 2022-04-14 | 2022-07-01 | 洛阳Lyc轴承有限公司 | Antifriction design method of tapered roller bearing |
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| CN111203769B (en) | 2025-05-02 |
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