CN111203432A - Efficient, energy-saving and clean in-situ gas thermal desorption device and method - Google Patents
Efficient, energy-saving and clean in-situ gas thermal desorption device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111203432A CN111203432A CN202010011110.3A CN202010011110A CN111203432A CN 111203432 A CN111203432 A CN 111203432A CN 202010011110 A CN202010011110 A CN 202010011110A CN 111203432 A CN111203432 A CN 111203432A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/002—Reclamation of contaminated soil involving in-situ ground water treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/005—Extraction of vapours or gases using vacuum or venting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/06—Reclamation of contaminated soil thermally
- B09C1/065—Reclamation of contaminated soil thermally by pyrolysis
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C2101/00—In situ
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Abstract
The invention discloses an efficient, energy-saving and clean in-situ gas thermal desorption device and method. According to the device provided by the invention, the secondary air strengthens airflow disturbance through the pore plate, so that the combustion is more complete and uniform, and the generated high-temperature gas is led to the shallow layer pile body soil after the soil is heated; extracting underground water containing pollutants and steam to the surface of the earth by using a two-phase extraction well, and performing conventional water treatment on condensed water; and (4) leading the polluted gas to a subsequent valve switching type three-bed regenerative oxidation furnace for treatment. The invention can stabilize the removal rate of the organic pollution factors to be more than 99 percent and can realize the clean and high-efficiency utilization of energy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of soil remediation, and particularly relates to an efficient energy-saving clean in-situ gas thermal desorption device and method.
Background
The in-situ thermal desorption technology is used for repairing a polluted site from the 70 th century, and the basic principle is that the temperature of a polluted area is increased by heating, the physicochemical property of pollutants is changed, the concentration of the pollutants in a gas phase or a liquid phase is increased, the removal rate of the pollutants by liquid phase extraction or soil gas phase extraction is increased, and the in-situ thermal desorption technology can be divided into a steam enhanced extraction technology, a resistance heating technology, a heat conduction technology and the like according to different heating modes. The heat conduction technology can be divided into electric heating and gas thermal desorption due to different heat sources. The in-situ gas thermal desorption is one of the heat conduction heating processes and comprises a thermal desorption process and an extraction process. High-temperature gas is generated by burning natural gas or liquefied petroleum gas, flows in the heating well to raise the temperature of a pollutant area, changes the physical and chemical properties of the pollutant, promotes soil pollutants to be desorbed into a gas phase and a water phase, is extracted to be separated from the underground environment, and is transferred to the ground for treatment. However, the minimum temperature required to achieve different organic contaminant removal also varies, i.e., the cold spot temperature varies. The cooling point temperature of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and the polychlorinated biphenyl is high and reaches 400-450 ℃, while the cooling point temperature of the superficial benzene series is low and is only 100-120 ℃. Thermal desorption of low cold spot contaminants at the temperature required for treatment of high cold spot contaminants causes problems such as low energy utilization efficiency.
In the extraction process of in-situ gas thermal desorption, underground water and steam containing pollutants are extracted to the surface of the earth, and then the tail gas is treated by adopting an activated carbon adsorption method. The tail gas treatment method has the defects of large airflow resistance, regeneration of an adsorbent, high equipment investment, large occupied area and the like, and water vapor contained in the tail gas after thermal desorption is easy to bond with polar hydrophilic sites on the surface of the activated carbon to form water molecule clusters to cover non-polar sites on the surface of the activated carbon, so that the adsorption efficiency is reduced. In addition, the conventional in-situ gas thermal desorption combustor has incomplete gas combustion and nonuniform high-temperature gas heat, so that the efficiency of a thermal desorption system is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide the high-efficiency, energy-saving and clean in-situ gas thermal desorption device and method, which are used for improving the in-situ gas thermal desorption system burner and improving the gas combustion efficiency; energy gradient utilization is carried out on organic pollutants with different cold point temperatures, and the energy consumption of the system is reduced; the tail gas treatment system is further improved, and the tail gas pollutant removal rate is improved.
The technical scheme is as follows:
the utility model provides a clean normal position gas thermal desorption device of energy-efficient, includes combustor, heater well, biphase extraction well, condensing equipment, heat accumulation formula oxidation furnace system, wherein:
the combustor is provided with secondary air chamber pore plates which are annularly arranged, and high-temperature gas generated by the combustor is led to a heating well to heat deep soil and then led to a steam pipeline in shallow heap body soil to treat low cold point temperature pollutants after high cold point temperature pollutants are treated by heating the deep soil;
the two-phase extraction well extracts underground water and steam containing organic pollutants to the surface of the earth, the underground water containing the organic pollutants is treated by a condensing device and then is treated by conventional water, the steam containing the organic pollutants is led to a subsequent regenerative oxidation furnace system,
the heat accumulating type oxidation furnace system comprises a main fan, a lifting valve, a heat accumulating combustion device, a purging return air pipe, an air outlet pipe and a chimney, wherein steam containing organic pollutants enters the heat accumulating combustion device through the main fan and the lifting valve; the gas after incineration and purification in the combustion chamber passes through the gas outlet heat accumulation chamber to heat the ceramic packed bed in the gas heat accumulation chamber, and the next period of gas inlet work is executed; the blowing regenerator back blows the residual gas which is not fully purified in the previous period back to the combustion chamber for incineration, and the next period executes the air outlet work.
Furthermore, the diameter of a single hole of the secondary air chamber pore plate arranged in an annular shape is 8mm, and 32 secondary air chamber pore plates are arranged in one circle and are arranged in two circles.
Further, the shallow layer pile body containing the low cold point temperature pollutants is rectangular, the length of the shallow layer pile body is 29-30 meters, the width of the shallow layer pile body is 16 meters, the height of the shallow layer pile body is 90 centimeters, the length of a steam pipeline laid inside the shallow layer pile body is 18 meters, the shallow layer pile body is arranged in two layers, and the horizontal interval is 1.2 meters.
Furthermore, a variable frequency fan is arranged in the purging pipeline in the ceramic packed bed to adapt to different operating conditions and improve the removal efficiency of the volatile organic compounds.
Furthermore, the distance between the heating wells is 2-3 meters, and the temperature and the pressure at different positions can be monitored in real time.
Furthermore, the underground depth of the two-phase extraction well is 0.5-1 meter.
A high-efficiency energy-saving clean in-situ gas thermal desorption method is characterized in that the in-situ gas thermal desorption device is used, secondary air strengthens airflow disturbance through a secondary air chamber pore plate arranged on a combustor to enable combustion to generate high-temperature gas of 700-800 ℃ more completely, the high-temperature gas flows in a heating well to raise the temperature of deep soil, the temperature of the gas after the deep soil is heated is 300-350 ℃, a steam pipeline leading to shallow layer pile body soil removes low-cold-point temperature pollutants, the extracted gaseous pollutants are led to a heat accumulating type oxidation furnace system to be treated, the combustor in a combustion chamber burns fuel to release heat to enable waste gas to rise to a set oxidation temperature of 750-800 ℃, and waste gas releases heatThe organic matter in the gas is decomposed into CO2And H2And O. In each working period, the three regenerative chambers of the regenerative oxidation furnace system alternately perform air inlet work, air outlet work and blowing work through valve switching respectively, a ceramic packed bed in the air inlet regenerative chamber preheats and cools steam containing organic pollutants, the blowing work is performed in the next period, and the preheated steam enters a combustion chamber for incineration; the gas after incineration and purification in the combustion chamber passes through the gas outlet heat accumulation chamber to heat the ceramic packed bed in the gas heat accumulation chamber, and the next period of gas inlet work is executed; the blowing regenerator back blows the residual gas which is not fully purified in the previous period back to the combustion chamber for incineration, and the next period executes the air outlet work. So the periodic operation, when the exhaust gas concentration of RTO air inlet reached a definite value, the heat of VOCs oxidation release can maintain RTO heat accumulation and exothermic energy reserve, and then the RTO need not use the fuel just can maintain the temperature in the combustion chamber this moment.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) after the secondary air chamber pore plate is added to the in-situ gas thermal desorption system combustor, the disturbance of air flow is increased, the complete combustion is promoted, the combustion efficiency is improved, and the wall surface temperature of the combustion chamber is reduced;
2) energy gradient utilization is carried out on organic pollutants with different cold point temperatures, and the overall energy consumption of the system is reduced;
3) the in-situ gas thermal desorption tail gas treatment device is further improved, and the removal rate of tail gas pollutants is improved;
4) the device has compact structure, reasonable arrangement and high waste heat utilization efficiency, and the in-situ gas thermal desorption system is more efficient, energy-saving and clean.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an in-situ gas thermal desorption device which is efficient, energy-saving and clean;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a shallow layer stack;
the reference numbers in the figures are: 1-a burner; 2-a perforated plate; 3-heating the well; 4-two-phase extraction well; 5-a condensing unit; 6-a main fan; 7-a poppet valve; 8-a combustion chamber; 9-purging a return air pipe; 10-air outlet pipe; 11-a chimney; 12-steam line.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the following describes in detail the high-efficiency, energy-saving and clean in-situ gas thermal desorption apparatus and method provided by the present invention with reference to the following embodiments. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The soil organic pollutants mainly comprise organochlorine pesticides, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls, benzene series and the like. The spatial distribution characteristics of different pollutants are different and are influenced by factors such as areas, depths and the like. And the minimum temperature required to achieve removal of different organic contaminants also varies, i.e., the cold spot temperature varies. The cooling point temperature of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and the polychlorinated biphenyl is high and reaches 400-450 ℃, while the cooling point temperature of the superficial benzene series is low and is only 100-120 ℃. If the waste heat after the high-temperature gas generated by the combustor is thermally desorbed is continuously used for heating the low-cold-point pollutants, the energy utilization efficiency of the thermal desorption system is improved.
The regenerative oxidation furnace is used as high-efficiency organic waste gas treatment equipment to oxidize organic matters (VOCs) in waste gas into corresponding carbon dioxide and water at high temperature, so that waste gas is purified, heat released during decomposition of the waste gas is recovered, the three-chamber RTO waste gas decomposition efficiency reaches more than 99%, and the heat recovery efficiency reaches more than 95%. Therefore, the regenerative oxidation furnace is adopted to treat the tail gas of the polluted gas, and a better cleaning effect can be achieved. In addition, the mode that the in-situ gas thermal desorption combustor directly leads to the gas burning can make the burning incomplete, be heated not enough evenly. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the burner by combining the primary air and the secondary air, which not only can provide oxygen content and enhance the disturbance of airflow, promote the backflow of high-temperature gas, promote the mixing of combustible and oxygen, and provide conditions for complete combustion.
According to the high-efficiency energy-saving clean in-situ gas thermal desorption device shown in figure 1, primary air and secondary air enter the combustor 1 through a pipeline, and the secondary air strengthens airflow disturbance through the pore plate 2, so that high-temperature gas at 700-800 ℃ is generated more completely and uniformly in combustion. The combustor is provided with a secondary air chamber 2 pore plate which is annularly arranged, the diameter of a single pore is 8mm, 32 secondary air chambers are arranged in one circle, and the diameter of each secondary air chamber 2 pore plate is two circles. The operation of the burner is controlled and monitored by a PLC, equipped with a separate heating loop control rectifier and temperature controller.
The high temperature gas generated by combustion flows back and forth in the heating well 3, raising the temperature of the surrounding soil. The interval of the heating wells is 2-3 meters, and the temperature and the pressure at different positions can be monitored in real time. The temperature of the gas after the soil is heated is 300-350 ℃, the gas is led to a steam pipeline 12 in the shallow layer pile body soil, and low cold point temperature pollutants such as benzene series and the like are removed. The shallow layer pile body is rectangular, the length of the shallow layer pile body is 29-30 meters, the width of the shallow layer pile body is 16 meters, the height of the shallow layer pile body is 90 centimeters, the length of a steam pipeline laid inside the shallow layer pile body is 18 meters, the shallow layer pile body is arranged in two layers, and the distance between the two layers is 1.2 meters. And in the heating process, the pollutants in the soil are desorbed from the soil to form vapor containing the pollutants, and at the moment, the underground water and the vapor containing the pollutants are extracted to the surface of the ground by using a two-phase extraction well 4 (the underground depth is 0.5-1 m), and then the vapor is introduced into a condensing device 5. The condensed water is led out from the lower part of the condensing device for conventional water treatment. The polluted gas is led to a subsequent regenerative oxidation furnace from the upper part of the condensing device for disposal. The organic waste gas first enters the ceramic medium layer of regenerator a through poppet valve 7 by inlet fan 6, (which ceramic medium has "stored" the heat of the previous cycle), the ceramic heat release temperature decreases, and the organic waste gas enters combustion chamber 8 after rising to a higher temperature. In the combustion chamber, the burner burns fuel to release heat, so that the waste gas is raised to a set oxidation temperature of 750-800 ℃, and organic matters in the waste gas are decomposed into CO2 and H2O. Because the waste gas is preheated by the regenerator and the oxidation of the waste gas also releases a certain amount of heat, the consumption of the fuel of the burner is less. The oxidation chamber has two functions: firstly, the waste gas can reach the set oxidation temperature, and secondly, enough residence time is ensured to ensure that the waste gas is fully oxidized. The waste gas is purified high-temperature gas, then leaves the combustion chamber, enters a regenerator C (the last two circulating ceramic media are cooled and swept), releases heat, is discharged after the temperature is reduced, and the ceramic of the regenerator C absorbs heat and stores a large amount of heat (used for heating in the next circulation). Regenerator B performs a purge function during this cycle. After the operation is finished, the air inlet valve and the air outlet valve of the heat storage chamber are switched for one time, the heat storage chamber C is used for air inlet, the heat storage chamber B is used for air outlet, and the heat storage chamber A is used for purging; the next cycle is that the regenerator B enters air, the regenerator A exits air, and the regenerator C purges, and the process is continuously and alternately carried out. And finally, the tail gas enters a chimney 11 through an outlet pipe 10 and is discharged out of the RTO system.
The experimental conditions are as follows: an electric heating rod (diameter 40mm), a sleeve (outer diameter 108mm and wall thickness 3mm) and a temperature detector are adopted in a laboratory to simulate an in-situ gas thermal desorption device, the rated power is 2.5kW, and a three-bed heat accumulating type oxidation furnace is used for comparison with a common tail gas treatment mode. According to the concentrations of the tail gas pollutants treated by different treatment modes, the influence of the tail gas treatment mode on the removal rate of the organic pollutants is researched.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described examples, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention within the knowledge of those skilled in the art.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a clean normal position gas thermal desorption device of energy-efficient which characterized in that, includes combustor, heater well, biphase extraction well, condensing equipment, heat accumulation formula oxidation furnace system, wherein:
the combustor is provided with secondary air chamber pore plates which are annularly arranged, and high-temperature gas generated by the combustor is led to a heating well to heat deep soil and then led to a steam pipeline in shallow heap body soil to treat low cold point temperature pollutants after high cold point temperature pollutants are treated by heating the deep soil;
the two-phase extraction well extracts underground water and steam containing organic pollutants to the surface of the earth, the underground water containing the organic pollutants is treated by a condensing device and then is treated by conventional water, the steam containing the organic pollutants is led to a subsequent regenerative oxidation furnace system,
the heat accumulating type oxidation furnace system comprises a main fan, a lifting valve, a heat accumulating combustion device, a purging return air pipe, an air outlet pipe and a chimney, wherein steam containing organic pollutants enters the heat accumulating combustion device through the main fan and the lifting valve; the gas after incineration and purification in the combustion chamber passes through the gas outlet heat accumulation chamber to heat the ceramic packed bed in the gas heat accumulation chamber, and the next period of gas inlet work is executed; the blowing regenerator back blows the residual gas which is not fully purified in the previous period back to the combustion chamber for incineration, and the next period executes the air outlet work.
2. The high-efficiency energy-saving clean in-situ gas thermal desorption device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the combustor is provided with secondary air chamber pore plates which are annularly arranged, the diameter of a single pore is 8mm, 32 secondary air chamber pore plates are arranged in one circle, and two circles are arranged.
3. The efficient energy-saving clean in-situ gas thermal desorption device according to claim 1, wherein the shallow layer stack containing low-cold-point temperature pollutants is cuboid, 29-30 meters in length, 16 meters in width and 90 centimeters in height, the length of a steam pipeline laid inside is 18 meters, the shallow layer stack is arranged in two layers, and the horizontal interval is 1.2 meters.
4. The high-efficiency energy-saving clean in-situ gas thermal desorption device according to claim 1, wherein a variable frequency fan is arranged in the purging pipeline in the ceramic packed bed to adapt to different operating conditions and improve the removal efficiency of volatile organic compounds.
5. The efficient energy-saving clean in-situ gas thermal desorption device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heating wells are spaced 2-3 meters apart, and the temperature and pressure at different positions can be monitored in real time.
6. The high-efficiency energy-saving clean in-situ gas thermal desorption device according to claim 1, wherein the underground depth of the two-phase extraction well is 0.5-1 m.
7. A high-efficiency energy-saving clean in-situ gas thermal desorption method is characterized in that the in-situ gas thermal desorption device in any one of claims 1 to 6 is used, secondary air enhances airflow disturbance through a secondary air chamber pore plate arranged on a burner to enable combustion to more completely generate high-temperature gas at 700-800 ℃, the high-temperature gas flows in a heating well to raise the temperature of deep soil, the temperature of the gas after the deep soil is heated is 300-350 ℃, a steam pipeline leading to shallow layer pile soil removes low-cold-point temperature pollutants, the extracted gaseous pollutants are led to a heat accumulating type oxidation furnace system to be treated, the heat generated by the burner combusting fuel in a combustion chamber enables the waste gas to be raised to a set oxidation temperature of 750-800 ℃, and organic matters in the waste gas are decomposed into CO2And H2O。
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116460124A (en) * | 2023-05-09 | 2023-07-21 | 北京建工环境修复股份有限公司 | Heating system for in-situ gas thermal remediation |
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| CN109668147A (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2019-04-23 | 周定刚 | Gas burner |
| KR101995210B1 (en) * | 2018-10-02 | 2019-10-17 | 주식회사 효림 | Soil Remedation and Monitoring System Using Thermal Enhanced Soil Vapor Extraction by in situ Thermal Desorption Device |
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Patent Citations (6)
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| CN102513347A (en) * | 2011-12-22 | 2012-06-27 | 天津生态城环保有限公司 | Method for treating contaminated soil by combining in-situ heat strengthening and soil vapor extraction technology |
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